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18th centuryAs a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800 in the Gregorian calendar.
Some history scholars will sometimes specifically refer to the 18th century as 1715-1789, denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution.
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610 Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows East Roman Emperor Phocas and becomes Emperor. His first major act is to change the official language of the East Roman Empire from Latin to Greek (already the language of the vast majority of the population). Because of this, after AD 610 the East Roman Empire is customarily referred to as the Byzantine Empire (the term Byzantine is a modern term invented by historians in the 18th Century; the people of the Empire itself always referred to themselves as "Romans").
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As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800 in the Gregorian calendar. Some history scholars will sometimes specifically refer to the 18th century as 1715-1789, denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution. Events1700s... . 1710s1720s1730s1740s1750s... rule in India. 1760s1770s1780s1790sJews were subject to a wide range of restrictions throughout most of European history.... in France. Significant people - Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Italian mathematician and linguist
- Ahmad Shah Abdali, Afghan King
- Ueda Akinari, Japanese writer
- Jean le Rond d'Alembert, French mathematician, physicist, and encyclopedist
- Queen Anne, British monarch
- Marie Antoinette, Austrian-born French Queen
- Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor
- Johann Sebastian Bach, German composer
- George Berkeley, Irish empiricist philosopher
- Pierre Beaumarchais, French writer
- Jeremy Bentham, English philosopher and reformer
- Daniel Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and physicist
- William Blake, English artist and poet
- François Boucher, French painter
- Edmund Burke, British statesman and philosopher
- Robert Burns, Scottish poet
- Catherine the Great, Russian Tsaritsa
- Alexis Clairault, French mathematician
- James Cook, British navigator
- François Couperin, French composer
- Denis Diderot, French writer and philosopher
- Eugenio Espejo, Ecuadorian scientist
- Leonhard Euler, Swiss mathematician
- Jean-Honoré Fragonard
... , French painter - Benjamin Franklin, American scientist and statesman
- Frederick the Great, Prussian monarch
- Thomas Gainsborough, English painter
- Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, physicist and astronomer
- King George III, British monarch
- Christoph Willibald Gluck, German composer
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German writer
- George Frideric Handel, German composer
- Alexander Hamilton, American statesman
- Joseph Haydn, Austrian composer
- William Hogarth, English painter and engraver
- David Hume, Scottish philosopher
- Thomas Jefferson, American statesman
- Samuel Johnson, British writer and literary critic
- Kangxi Emperor, China
- Immanuel Kant, German philosopher
- Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, French writer
- Joseph Louis Lagrange, Italian-French mathematician and physicist
- Pierre Simon Laplace, French physicist and mathematician
- John Law, Scottish economist
- Mikhail Lomonosov, Russian scientist
- Antoine Lavoisier, French chemist
- Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician
- Louis XV of France, French monarch
- Louis XVI of France, French monarch
- James Madison, American statesman
- Maria Theresa of Austria, Austrian Empress
- Michikinikwa, Miami tribe chief and war leader
- Honoré Mirabeau French writer and politician
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian composer
- Nadir Shah, Persian King
- Thomas Paine, British intellectual
- Pius VI, Roman Pope
- François-André Danican Philidor, French composer and chess master
- Marquis of Pombal, Portuguese Prime Minister
- Alexander Pope, British poet
- Qianlong Emperor, China
- Francis II Rákóczi, prince of Hungary and Transylvania, Revolutionary leader
- Jean-Philippe Rameau, French composer
- Bartolomeo Rastrelli, Italian-born Russian architect
- Sir Joshua Reynolds, British painter
- Maximilien Robespierre, French revolutionary leader and dictator
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau, French writer and philosopher
- Marquis de Sade, French writer and philosopher
- Domenico Scarlatti, Italian composer.
- Friedrich Schiller, German writer
- John Small , English cricketer
- Adam Smith, Scottish economist and philosopher
- Laurence Sterne, British writer
- Edward "Lumpy" Stevens, English cricketer
- Alexander Suvorov, Russian military leader
- Jonathan Swift, Anglo-Irish satirist
- Toussaint L'Ouverture, Haitian revolutionary leader
- Tupac Amaru II, Peruvian revolutionary
- Antonio Vivaldi, Italian composer
- Voltaire, French writer and philosopher
- Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab, Arab islamic theologian and founder of Wahhabism
- Robert Walpole, British Prime Minister
- George Washington, American general and first president
- James Watt, Scottish scientist and inventor
- Antoine Watteau, French painter
- John Wesley, British churchman, founder of Methodism
- Mary Wollstonecraft, British writer and feminist
- William Pitt, British Prime Minister
See Founding Fathers of the United StatesInventions, discoveries, introductions ... while on expedition in South America. It was named in 1770 by Joseph Priestly |
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