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The Kingdom of Mysore (1399–1947 CE) was a kingdom of southern India, traditionally believed to have been founded in 1399 in the vicinity of the modern city of Mysore
Mysore

Mysore ; renamed to Mysuru|??????) is the second largest city in the state of Karnataka, India. It is the headquarters of the Mysore district and the Mysore division and lies about southwest of Bangalore, the capital of Karnataka....
. The kingdom, which was ruled by the Wodeyar
Wodeyar

The Wodeyar dynasty was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Mysore from 1399 to 1947, until the independence of India from British Raj and the subsequent unification of British dominions and princely states into the Republic of India....
 family, initially served as a vassal state
Feudalism

Feudalism, a term first used in the early modern period , in its most classic sense refers to a Middle Ages European political system composed of a set of reciprocal law and military obligations among the warrior nobility, revolving around the three key concepts of lords, vassals, and fiefs....
 of the Vijayanagara Empire
Vijayanagara Empire

The Vijayanagara Empire was a South Indian empire based in the Deccan Plateau. Established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I, it lasted until 1646 although its power declined after a major military defeat in 1565 by the Deccan sultanates....
. With the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire (circa 1565), the kingdom became independent. The 17th century saw a steady expansion of its territory and, under Narasaraja Wodeyar I
Kanthirava Narasaraja I

File:Kanthiravanarasaraja1.jpgFile:MysoreRegion1625b.jpgKanthirava Narasarava I was the Odeyar ruler of Kingdom of Mysore from 1638 to 1659....
 and Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar
Chikka Devaraja

File:Chikkadevaraja.jpgFile:Joppen1907MysoreChickDeoWadiyar1704.jpgFile:Mysore1617to1799b.jpgChikka Devaraja was the Odeyar ruler of Kingdom of Mysore from 1673 to 1704....
, the kingdom annexed large expanses of what is now southern Karnataka and parts of Tamil Nadu to become a powerful state in the southern Deccan.

The kingdom reached the height of its military power and dominion in the latter half of the 18th century under Haider Ali
Hyder Ali

Hyder Ali, Haider Ali or Haidar 'Ali , was the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. He is said to have induced his brother to employ a Parsi people to purchase artillery and small arms from the government of Bombay Presidency, and to enrol some thirty sailors of different European nations as gunners, and is t...
 and his son Tipu Sultan
Tipu Sultan

Sultan Fateh Ali Tipu November, 1750, Devanahalli ? 4 May, 1799, Srirangapattana), also known as the Tiger of Mysore, was the de facto ruler of the Indian Kingdom of Mysore from 1782 until his own demise in 1799....
, who deposed the Wodeyars to take control of the kingdom.






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The Kingdom of Mysore (1399–1947 CE) was a kingdom of southern India, traditionally believed to have been founded in 1399 in the vicinity of the modern city of Mysore
Mysore

Mysore ; renamed to Mysuru|??????) is the second largest city in the state of Karnataka, India. It is the headquarters of the Mysore district and the Mysore division and lies about southwest of Bangalore, the capital of Karnataka....
. The kingdom, which was ruled by the Wodeyar
Wodeyar

The Wodeyar dynasty was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Mysore from 1399 to 1947, until the independence of India from British Raj and the subsequent unification of British dominions and princely states into the Republic of India....
 family, initially served as a vassal state
Feudalism

Feudalism, a term first used in the early modern period , in its most classic sense refers to a Middle Ages European political system composed of a set of reciprocal law and military obligations among the warrior nobility, revolving around the three key concepts of lords, vassals, and fiefs....
 of the Vijayanagara Empire
Vijayanagara Empire

The Vijayanagara Empire was a South Indian empire based in the Deccan Plateau. Established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I, it lasted until 1646 although its power declined after a major military defeat in 1565 by the Deccan sultanates....
. With the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire (circa 1565), the kingdom became independent. The 17th century saw a steady expansion of its territory and, under Narasaraja Wodeyar I
Kanthirava Narasaraja I

File:Kanthiravanarasaraja1.jpgFile:MysoreRegion1625b.jpgKanthirava Narasarava I was the Odeyar ruler of Kingdom of Mysore from 1638 to 1659....
 and Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar
Chikka Devaraja

File:Chikkadevaraja.jpgFile:Joppen1907MysoreChickDeoWadiyar1704.jpgFile:Mysore1617to1799b.jpgChikka Devaraja was the Odeyar ruler of Kingdom of Mysore from 1673 to 1704....
, the kingdom annexed large expanses of what is now southern Karnataka and parts of Tamil Nadu to become a powerful state in the southern Deccan.

The kingdom reached the height of its military power and dominion in the latter half of the 18th century under Haider Ali
Hyder Ali

Hyder Ali, Haider Ali or Haidar 'Ali , was the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. He is said to have induced his brother to employ a Parsi people to purchase artillery and small arms from the government of Bombay Presidency, and to enrol some thirty sailors of different European nations as gunners, and is t...
 and his son Tipu Sultan
Tipu Sultan

Sultan Fateh Ali Tipu November, 1750, Devanahalli ? 4 May, 1799, Srirangapattana), also known as the Tiger of Mysore, was the de facto ruler of the Indian Kingdom of Mysore from 1782 until his own demise in 1799....
, who deposed the Wodeyars to take control of the kingdom. During this time, it came into conflict with the Marathas
Maratha Empire

The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was a Hindu state located in present-day India. It existed from 1674 to 1818. At its peak, the empire's territories covered much of South Asia....
, the British
British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, Crown colony, protectorates, League of Nations mandate, and other Dependent territory ruled or administered by the United Kingdom , that had originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries....
 and the Nizam
Nizam

Nizam , a shortened version of Nizam-ul-Mulk , meaning Administrator of the Realm, was the title of the native sovereigns of Hyderabad state, India, since 1719, belonging to the Asaf Jah dynasty....
 of Golconda
Golconda

Golconda may be:Places:* Golkonda, ruined city and fortress in India* Golconda, Illinois, town in the United States* Golconda, Nevada, former town in the United States...
 which culminated in the four Anglo-Mysore wars
Anglo-Mysore Wars

The Anglo-Mysore Wars were a series of wars fought in India over the last three decades of the 18th century between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company, represented chiefly by the Madras Presidency....
. Success in the first two Anglo-Mysore wars was followed by defeat in the third and fourth. Following Tipu's death in the fourth war of 1799, large parts of the kingdom were annexed by British which signaled the end of a period of Mysorean hegemony over southern Deccan. The British, however, restored the Wodeyars to the throne by way of a subsidiary alliance
Subsidiary alliance

A subsidiary alliance is an alliance between a dominant nation and a nation that it dominates....
 and a diminished Mysore was now transformed into a Princely state
Princely state

For other uses, see Principality, Princely state#Other princely statesA Princely State was a nominally sovereign entity of British rule in India that was not directly administered by the British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule such as suzerainty or paramountcy....
. The Wodeyars continued to rule the state until Indian independence in 1947
Indian independence movement

The term Indian independence movement incorporates various national and regional campaigns, agitations and efforts of both Nonviolent and Revolutionary movement for Indian independence philosophy....
, when Mysore acceded to the Union of India
India

India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....
.

Even as a princely state, Mysore came to be counted among the more modern and urbanized regions of India. This period (1799–1947) also saw Mysore emerge as one of the important centers of art and culture in India. The Mysore kings were not only accomplished exponents of the fine arts and men of letters, they were enthusiastic patrons as well and their legacies continue to influence music and art even today.

History


Early history