Great Books

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• the book has contemporary significance; that is, it has relevance to the problems and issues of our times;
• the book is inexhaustible; it can be read again and again with benefit;
• the book is relevant to a large number of the great ideas and great issues that have occupied the minds of thinking individuals for the last 25 centuries.

Origin

Program

Series

Sample list

1. Homer
   Homer
   
   Homer is traditionally held to be the author of the ancient Greek language epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey, as well as of the Homeric Hymns....
   : The Iliad
   ILiad
   
   The iLiad is an electronic handheld device, or e-book device, which can be used for document reading and editing. Like the Sony Reader or Amazon Kindle, the iLiad makes use of an electronic paper display....
   , The Odyssey
   Odyssey
   
   The Odyssey is one of two major ancient Hellenic civilization epic poetrys attributed to Homer. It is, in part, a sequel to the Iliad, the other work traditionally ascribed to Homer....
   
2. The Old Testament
   Old Testament
   
   In Western Christianity, the Old Testament refers to the books that form the first of the two-part Christianity Bible Biblical canon. These works correspond to the Hebrew Bible , with some variations and additions....
   
3. Aeschylus
   Aeschylus
   
   Aeschylus was an Ancient Greece playwright. He is often recognized as the father or the founder of tragedy, and is the earliest of the three Greek tragedy whose Play survive extant, the others being Sophocles and Euripides....
   : Tragedies
4. Sophocles
   Sophocles
   
   Sophocles was the second of the three classical Greece tragedy whose work has survived. His first plays were written later than those of Aeschylus and earlier than those of Euripides....
   : Tragedies
5. Herodotus
   Herodotus
   
   Herodotus of Halicarnassus was a Greeks historian who lived in the 5th century BC and is regarded as the "Father of History" in Western culture....
   : Histories
   Histories (Herodotus)
   
   The Histories of Herodotus of Halicarnassus is considered the first work of history in Western literature. Written about 440 BC in the Ionic dialect of classical Greek, The Histories tells the story of the Greco-Persian Wars between the Achaemenid Empire and the Polis in the 5th century BC....
   
6. Euripides
   Euripides
   
   Euripides was the last of the three great tragedy of classical Athens . Ancient scholars thought that Euripides had written ninety-five plays, although four of those were probably written by Critias....
   : Tragedies
7. Thucydides
   Thucydides
   
   Thucydides was a Greeks history and author of the History of the Peloponnesian War, which recounts the 5th century B.C. war between Sparta and Athens to the year 411 B.C....
   : History of the Peloponnesian War
   History of the Peloponnesian War
   
   The History of the Peloponnesian War is an account of the Peloponnesian War in Ancient Greece, fought between the Peloponnesian League and the Delian League ....
   
8. Hippocrates
   Hippocrates
   
   Hippocrates of Cos II or Hippokrates of Kos - ancient Greek: ; Hippokr?tes was an Ancient Greece physician of the Age of Pericles, and was considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine....
   : Medical Writings
9. Aristophanes
   Aristophanes
   
   Aristophanes , son of Philippus, of the deme Cydathenaus, was a prolific and much acclaimed comedy playwright of ancient Athens. Eleven of his forty plays have come down to us virtually complete....
   : Comedies
10. Plato
    Plato
    
    Plato , was a Classical Greece Greeks philosopher, mathematician, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Platonic Academy in Ancient Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the western world....
    : Dialogues
11. Aristotle
    Aristotle
    
    Aristotle was a Greeks philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, Poetics , theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology and zoology....
    : Works
12. Epicurus
    Epicurus
    
    Epicurus was an Greek philosophy and the founder of the school of philosophy called Epicureanism.Only a few fragments and letters remain of Epicurus's 300 written works....
    : "Letter to Herodotus", "Letter to Menoecus"
13. Euclid
    Euclid
    
    Euclid , floruit 300 BC, also known as Euclid of Alexandria, was a Greek mathematics and is often referred to as the Father of Geometry. He was active in Alexandria during the reign of Ptolemy I ....
    : The Elements
    Euclid's Elements
    
    Euclid's Elements is a mathematics and geometry treatise consisting of 13 books written by the Greek mathematics Euclid in Alexandria circa 300 BC....
    
14. Archimedes
    Archimedes
    
    Archimedes of Syracuse was a Greek mathematics, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity....
    : Works
15. Apollonius
    Apollonius of Perga
    
    Apollonius of Perga [Pergaeus] was a Greeks geometer and astronomer noted for his writings on conic sections. His innovative methodology and terminology, especially in the field of conics, influenced many later scholars including Ptolemy, Francesco Maurolico, Isaac Newton, and Ren? Descartes....
    : The Conic Sections
16. Cicero
    Cicero
    
    Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Ancient Rome philosopher, statesman, lawyer, political theorist, and Constitution of the Roman Republic. Cicero is widely considered one of Rome's greatest rhetoric and prose stylists....
    : Works
17. Lucretius
    Lucretius
    
    Titus Lucretius Carus was a Roman Republic poet and philosopher. His only known work is the epic philosophical poem on Epicureanism De rerum natura, translated into English as On the Nature of Things....
    : On the Nature of Things
    On the Nature of Things
    
    File:Rutherford atom.svgDe rerum natura is a first century BCE poem by the Roman Republic poet and philosopher Lucretius with the goal of explaining Epicurean philosophy to a Roman audience....
    
18. Virgil
    Virgil
    
    Publius Vergilius Maro was a classical Roman poet, best known for three major works?the Bucolics , the Georgics and the Aeneid?although several Appendix Vergiliana are also attributed to him....
    : Works
19. Horace
    Horace
    
    This article is about the Roman poet Horace. For other uses, see Horace .Quintus Horatius Flaccus, , known in the English language world as Horace, was the leading Roman Empire Lyric poetry during the time of Augustus....
    : Works
20. Livy
    Livy
    
    Titus Livius , known as Livy in English language, was a Ancient Rome historian who wrote a monumental history of Rome, Ab Urbe Condita, from its founding through the reign of Augustus in Livy's own time....
    : The History of Rome
    Ab Urbe condita (book)
    
    Ab Urbe condita , written by Titus Livius , is a monumental history of Rome, from its legendary founding in c.753 BC . It is often referred to as History of Rome....
    
21. Ovid
    Ovid
    
    Publius Ovidius Naso was a Roman Empire poet known as Ovid to the English language-speaking world, who wrote about love, seduction, and Roman mythology transformation....
    : Works
22. Plutarch
    Plutarch
    
    Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus , c. AD 46 ? 120 ? commonly known in English as Plutarch ? was a Ancient Rome historian , biographer, essayist, and Middle Platonism....
    : Parallel Lives
    Parallel Lives
    
    File:Plutarchs LIVES.jpgPlutarch's Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans, commonly called Parallel Lives or Plutarch's Lives, is a series of biography of famous men, arranged in tandem to illuminate their common moral virtues or failings....
    ; Moralia
    Moralia
    
    The Moralia of the first-century Greek priest Plutarch of Delphi is an eclectic collection of 78 essays and transcribed speeches. They give an insight into Roman and Greek life, but often are also fascinating timeless observations in their own right....
    
23. Tacitus
    Tacitus
    
    Publius Cornelius Tacitus was a Roman Senate and a historian of the Roman Empire. The surviving portions of his two major works—the Annals and the Histories —examine the reigns of the Roman Emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero and those that reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors....
    : Histories
    Histories (Tacitus)
    
    Histories is a book by Tacitus, written c. 100–110, which covers the Year of Four Emperors following the downfall of Nero, the rise of Vespasian, and the rule of the Flavian Dynasty up to the death of Domitian....
    ; Annals
    Annals (Tacitus)
    
    The Annals is a history book by Tacitus covering the reign of the four Roman Emperors succeeding to Caesar Augustus. The parts of the work that survived from antiquity cover the reigns of Tiberius and Nero....
    ; Agricola
    Agricola (book)
    
    The Agricola is a book by the ancient Rome historian Tacitus, written c 98, which recounts the life of his father-in-law Gnaeus Julius Agricola, an eminent Roman general....
    ; Germania
    Germania (book)
    
    The Germania , written by Tacitus around 98, is an ethnography work on the Germanic tribes outside the Roman Empire.This work survived only in one single manuscript that was found in Hersfeld Abbey, Holy Roman Empire and brought to Italy in 1455 where Enea Silvio Piccolomini, the later Pope Pius II, first examined and analyzed it, wher...
    
24. Nicomachus of Gerasa: Introduction to Arithmetic
    Introduction to Arithmetic
    
    Introduction to Arithmetic was written by Nicomachus almost two thousand years ago, and contains both philosophical prose and very basic mathematical ideas....
    
25. Epictetus
    Epictetus
    
    Epictetus was a Ancient Greece Stoicism philosophy. He was probably born a slave at Hierapolis, Phrygia , and lived in Rome until his exile to Nicopolis in northwestern Greece, where he lived most of his life and died....
    : Discourses; Enchiridion
    Enchiridion of Epictetus
    
    The Enchiridion, or Handbook of Epictetus, , is a short manual of ethical advice compiled by Arrian, who had been a pupil of Epictetus at the beginning of the 2nd century....
    
26. Ptolemy
    Ptolemy
    
    Claudius Ptolemaeus , known in English as Ptolemy , was a Roman Greek mathematics, Greek astronomy, geographer and astrologer. He lived in History of Roman Egypt, and was probably born there in a town in the Thebaid called Ptolemais Hermiou; he died in Alexandria around 168 AD....
    : Almagest
    Almagest
    
    Almagest is the Latin form of the Arabic language name of a mathematical and astronomical treatise proposing the complex motions of the stars and planetary paths, originally written in Greek language as by Ptolemy of Alexandria, Egypt, written in the 2nd century....
    
27. Lucian
    Lucian
    
    Lucian of Samosata was an Assyrian people rhetorician, and satire who wrote in the Greek language. He is noted for his witty and scoffing nature....
    : Works
28. Marcus Aurelius
    Marcus Aurelius
    
    Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus was Roman Emperor from 161 to his death in 180. He was the last of the "Five Good Emperors", and is also considered one of the most important stoicism philosophy....
    : Meditations
    Meditations
    
    Meditations is the title of a series of personal writings by Marcus Aurelius setting forth his ideas on Stoic philosophy.Marcus Aurelius wrote the 12 books of the Meditations in "highly-educated" Koine Greek as a source for his own guidance and self-improvement....
    
29. Galen
    Galen
    
    Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus , better known as Galen of Pergamum , was a prominent Ancient Rome physician and philosopher of Greek origin, and probably the most accomplished medical researcher of the Roman period....
    : On the Natural Faculties
30. The New Testament
    New Testament
    
    The New Testament is the name given to the second major division of the Christianity Bible, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
    
31. Plotinus
    Plotinus
    
    Plotinus was a major Philosophy of the ancient world who is widely considered the founder of Neoplatonism . Much of our biographical information about him comes from Porphyry 's preface to his edition of Plotinus' Enneads....
    : The Enneads
    Enneads
    
    The Six Enneads, sometimes abbreviated to The Enneads or Enneads, is the collection of writings of Plotinus, edited and compiled by his student Porphyry ....
    
32. St. Augustine: "On the Teacher"; Confessions; City of God; On Christian Doctrine
    On Christian Doctrine
    
    De doctrina christiana is the primary theological text written by St. Augustine of Hippo. It consists of four books that describe how to interpret and teach the Scriptures....
    
33. The Song of Roland
    The Song of Roland
    
    The Song of Roland is the oldest surviving major work of French literature. It exists in various different manuscript versions, which testify to its enormous and enduring popularity in the 12th to 14th centuries....
    
34. The Nibelungenlied
    Nibelungenlied
    
    The Nibelungenlied, translated as The Song of the Nibelungs, is an epic poetry in Middle High German. The story tells of dragon-slayer Sigurd at the court of the Burgundians, how he was murdered, and of his wife Gudrun's revenge....
    
35. The Saga of Burnt Njál
    Njál's saga
    
    Nj?ls saga is arguably the most famous of the Sagas of Icelanders. Among Icelanders, the saga is most often referred to simply as Nj?la....
    
36. St. Thomas Aquinas: Summa Theologica
    Summa Theologica
    
    The Summa Theologica is the most famous work of Thomas Aquinas although it was never finished. It was intended as a manual for beginners as a compilation of all of the main theology teachings of that time....
    
37. Dante Alighieri
    Dante Alighieri
    
    Durante degli Alighieri , commonly known as Dante Alighieri, was a Florence poet of the Middle Ages. His Magnum opus, the Divine Comedy , is often considered the greatest literary work composed in the Italian language and a masterpiece of world literature....
    : The New Life
    La Vita Nuova
    
    La Vita Nuova is a medieval text written by Dante Alighieri in 1295. It is an expression of the medieval genre of courtly love in a prosimetrum style, a combination of both prose and verse....
     (La Vita Nuova); "On Monarchy"; The Divine Comedy
    The Divine Comedy
    
    The Divine Comedy , written by Dante Alighieri between 1308 and his death in 1321, is widely considered the central epic poem of Italian literature, and is seen as one of the greatest works of world literature....
    
38. Geoffrey Chaucer
    Geoffrey Chaucer
    
    Geoffrey Chaucer was an English author, poet, philosopher, Bureaucracy, Noble court and diplomat. Although he wrote many works, he is best remembered for his unfinished frame narrative The Canterbury Tales....
    : Troilus and Criseyde
    Troilus and Criseyde
    
    Troilus and Criseyde is Geoffrey Chaucer's poem in rhyme royal re-telling the tragic love story of Troilus, a Troy prince, and Cressida. Scholarly consensus is that Chaucer completed Troilus and Criseyde by the mid 1380's....
    ; The Canterbury Tales
    The Canterbury Tales
    
    The Canterbury Tales is a collection of stories written by Geoffrey Chaucer in the 14th century . The tales, some of which are originals and others not, are contained inside a frame tale and told by a collection of pilgrims on a pilgrimage from London Borough of Southwark to visit the shrine of Saint Thomas Becket at Canterbury Cathed...
    
39. Leonardo da Vinci
    Leonardo da Vinci
    
    Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci was an Italy polymath, being a scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, Painting, sculptor, architect, botanist, musician and writer....
    : Notebooks
40. Niccolò Machiavelli
    Niccolò Machiavelli
    
    Niccol? di Bernardo dei Machiavelli is the philosopher, writer, and Italian politician considered the founder of modern political science. As a Renaissance Man, he was a Diplomacy, Political philosophy, musician, poet, and playwright, but, foremost, he was a Civil Servant of the Florence....
    : The Prince
    The Prince
    
    Il Principe is a politics treatise by the Florence Civil service and Political philosophy Niccol? Machiavelli. Originally called De Principatibus , it was originally written in 1513, but not published until 1532, five years after Machiavelli's death....
    ; Discourses on the First Ten Books of Livy
    Discourses on Livy
    
    The Discourses on Livy is a work of political history and philosophy composed in the early 16th century by the famed Florentine public servant and political theorist Niccol? Machiavelli , best known as the author of The Prince....
    
41. Desiderius Erasmus
    Desiderius Erasmus
    
    Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus was a Netherlands Renaissance humanist and Roman Catholic Church Christian theology. His scholarly name Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus comprises the following three elements: the Latin noun desiderium ; the Greek adjective ???s???? meaning "desired", and, in the form Erasmus, also the name of a St....
    : The Praise of Folly
    The Praise of Folly
    
    The Praise of Folly is an essay written in 1509 by Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam and first printed in 1511. Erasmus revised and extended the work, which he originally wrote in the space of a week while sojourning with Sir Thomas More at More's estate in Bucklersbury....
    
42. Nicolaus Copernicus
    Nicolaus Copernicus
    
    Nicolaus Copernicus was the first astronomer to formulate a scientifically-based heliocentrism cosmology that displaced the Earth from the center of the universe....
    : On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres
43. Thomas More
    Thomas More
    
    Saint Thomas More was an English lawyer, author, and statesman who in his lifetime gained a reputation as a leading Renaissance humanist scholar, and occupied many public offices, including Lord Chancellor ....
    : Utopia
    Utopia
    
    Utopia is a name for an ideal community or society, taken from the Utopia written in 1516 by Sir Thomas More describing a fictional island in the Atlantic Ocean, possessing a seemingly perfect social system-politics-legal system....
    
44. Martin Luther
    Martin Luther
    
    Martin Luther was a Germans monk, theology, university professor, priest, father of Protestantism, and Protestant Reformers whose ideas started the Protestant Reformation and changed the course of Western culture....
    : Table Talk; Three Treatises
45. Francois Rabelais
    François Rabelais
    
    Fran?ois Rabelais was a major French Renaissance writer, doctor and Renaissance humanism. He was regarded as a writer of fantasy, satire, the grotesque, dirty jokes and bawdy songs....
    : Gargantua and Pantagruel
    Gargantua and Pantagruel
    
    The Life of Gargantua and of Pantagruel is a connected series of five novels written in the 16th century by Fran?ois Rabelais. It is the story of two giant , a father and his son and their adventures, written in an amusing, extravagant, satire vein....
    
46. John Calvin
    John Calvin
    
    John Calvin was an influential French people theology and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism....
    : Institutes of the Christian Religion
    Institutes of the Christian Religion
    
    Institutes of the Christian Religion is John Calvin's seminal work on Protestant systematic theology. Highly influential in the Western world and still widely read by theological students today, it was published in Latin in 1536 and in his native French language in 1541, with the definitive editions appearing in 1559 and in 1560 ....
    
47. Michel de Montaigne
    Michel de Montaigne
    
    Michel Eyquem de Montaigne was one of the most influential writers of the French Renaissance. Montaigne is known for popularizing the essay as a literary genre....
    : Essays
    Essays (Montaigne)
    
    Essays is the title of a book written by Michel de Montaigne that was first published in 1580. Montaigne essentially invented the literary form of essay, a short subjective treatment of a given topic, of which the book contains a large number....
    
48. William Gilbert
    William Gilbert
    
    William Gilbert, also known as Gilbard, was an English physicist and a natural philosopher. He was an early Copernican principle, and passionately rejected both the prevailing Aristotelian philosophy and the Scholastic method of university teaching....
    : On the Lodestone and Magnetic Bodies
    De Magnete
    
    De Magnete, Magneticisque Corporibus, et de Magno Magnete Tellure is a scientific work published in 1600 by the English physician and scientist William Gilbert and also by his partner Christopher Clews....
    
49. Miguel de Cervantes
    Miguel de Cervantes
    
    Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra was a Spanish novelist, poet, and playwright. His magnum opus, Don Quixote, considered the first modern novel by many, is a classic of Western literature and is regularly regarded among the best novels ever written....
    : Don Quixote
    Don Quixote
    
    , fully titled is an early novel written by Spain author Miguel de Cervantes. Cervantes created a fictional origin for the story based upon a manuscript by the invented Moors historian, Cide Hamete Benengeli....
    
50. Edmund Spenser
    Edmund Spenser
    
    Edmund Spenser was an important England poet best known for The Faerie Queene, an epic poem celebrating, through fantastical allegory, the Tudor dynasty and Elizabeth I....
    : Prothalamion
    Prothalamion
    
    Prothalamion is a Poetry by Edmund Spenser , one of the important poets of the Tudor Period in England. It is a Wedding song that he composed in 1596 on the occasion of the twin marriage of the daughters of the Earl of Worcester; Elizabeth Somerset and Katherine Somerset....
    ; The Faerie Queene
    The Faerie Queene
    
    The Faerie Queene is an English Epic poetry by Edmund Spenser, published first in three books in 1590, and later in six books in 1596. The Faerie Queene is notable for its form: it was the first work written in Spenserian stanza....
    
51. Francis Bacon
    Francis Bacon
    
    Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban King's Counsel , son of Nicholas Bacon by his second wife Anne Bacon, was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, lawyer, jurist, and author....
    : Essays; The Advancement of Learning; Novum Organum
    Novum Organum
    
    The Novum Organum is a philosophy work by Francis Bacon published in 1620. The title translates as "new instrument". This is a reference to Aristotle's work Organon, which was his treatise on logic and syllogism....
    ; The New Atlantis
    The New Atlantis
    
    In 1623 Sir Francis Bacon expressed his aspirations and ideals in The New Atlantis. Released in 1627, this utopian novel was his creation of an ideal land where "generosity and enlightenment, dignity and splendor, piety and public spirit" were the commonly held qualities of the inhabitants of Bensalem....
    
52. William Shakespeare
    William Shakespeare
    
    William Shakespeare was an English people poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's preeminent dramatist....
    : Poetry and Plays
53. Galileo Galilei
    Galileo Galilei
    
    Galileo Galilei was a Grand Duchy of Tuscany physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution....
    : Starry Messenger; Dialogues Concerning Two New Sciences
54. Johannes Kepler
    Johannes Kepler
    
    Johannes Kepler was a Germans mathematician, astronomer and astrologer, and key figure in the 17th century Scientific revolution. He is best known for his eponymous Kepler's laws of planetary motion, codified by later astronomers based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican Astrononomy....
    : The Epitome of Copernican Astronomy; Concerning the Harmonies of the World
55. William Harvey
    William Harvey
    
    William Harvey was an English physician who was the first in the Western world to describe correctly and in exact detail the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped around the body by the heart....
    : On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals; On the Circulation of the Blood; On the Generation of Animals
56. Thomas Hobbes
    Thomas Hobbes
    
    Thomas Hobbes was an English philosophy, remembered today for his work on political philosophy. His 1651 book Leviathan established the foundation for most of Western political philosophy from the perspective of social contract theory....
    : Leviathan
    Leviathan (book)
    
    Leviathan, The Matter, Forme and Power of a Common Wealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil, commonly called Leviathan, is a book written by Thomas Hobbes which was published in 1651....
    
57. René Descartes
    René Descartes
    
    Ren? Descartes , , also known as Renatus Cartesius , was a French philosophy, mathematician, scientist, and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic....
    : Rules for the Direction of the Mind
    Rules for the Direction of the Mind
    
    In 1619, Ren? Descartes began work on an unfinished treatise regarding the proper method for scientific and philosophical thinking entitled Rules for the Direction of the Mind....
    ; Discourse on Method
    Discourse on Method
    
    The Discourse on the Method is a philosophy and mathematics treatise published by Ren? Descartes in 1637. Its full name is Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason, and Searching for Truth in the Sciences ....
    ; Geometry
    La Géométrie
    
    La G?om?trie was publishing in 1637 as an appendix to Discours de la m?thode , writing by Ren? Descartes. Descartes was in his own time, and has been since, recognized as a Great Thinker....
    ; Meditations on First Philosophy
    Meditations on First Philosophy
    
    Meditations on First Philosophy is a philosophy treatise written by Ren? Descartes first published in Latin language in 1641. The French language translation was made by the Duke of Luynes with the supervision of Descartes and was published in 1647 with the title M?ditations Metaphysiques....
    
58. John Milton
    John Milton
    
    John Milton II was an English poet, author, polemicist and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his Epic poetry Paradise Lost and for his treatise condemning censorship, Areopagitica....
    : Works
59. Molière
    Molière
    
    Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, also known by his stage name Moli?re, was a French playwright and actor who is considered one of the greatest masters of comedy in Western literature....
    : Comedies
60. Blaise Pascal
    Blaise Pascal
    
    Blaise Pascal , was a France mathematician, physicist, and religion philosopher. He was a child prodigy who was educated by his father, a civil servant....
    : The Provincial Letters
    Lettres provinciales
    
    The Lettres provinciales are a series of eighteen letters written by France philosopher and theologian Blaise Pascal under the pseudonym Louis de Montalte....
    ; Pensées
    Pensées
    
    The Pens?es represented a defense of the Christian religion by Blaise Pascal, the renowned 17th century philosophy and mathematician. Pascal's religious conversion led him into a life of asceticism, and the Pens?es was in many ways his life's work."Pascal's Wager" is found here....
    ; Scientific Treatises
61. Christiaan Huygens
    Christiaan Huygens
    
    Christiaan Huygens was a prominent Netherlands mathematics, astronomer, physics, and horology. His work included early telescopic studies, investigations and inventions related to time keeping, and studies of both optics and centrifugal force....
    : Treatise on Light
62. Benedict de Spinoza: Ethics
    Ethics (book)
    
    Ethics is a philosophy book written by Baruch Spinoza. It was written in Latin. Although it was published posthumously in 1677, it is his most famous work, and is considered his magnum opus....
    
63. John Locke
    John Locke
    
    John Locke was an English philosopher. Locke is considered the first of the British Empiricism, but is equally important to social contract theory....
    : A Letter Concerning Toleration
    A Letter Concerning Toleration
    
    A Letter Concerning Toleration by John Locke was originally published in 1689. Its initial publication was in Latin, though it was immediately translated into other languages....
    ; Of Civil Government
    Two Treatises of Government
    
    The Two Treatises of Government is a work of political philosophy published anonymously in 1689 by John Locke. The First Treatise attacks patriarchalism in the form of sentence-by-sentence refutation of Robert Filmer's Patriarcha and the Second Treatise outlines a theory of political or Civil_society#Pre-modern_history based...
    ; Essay Concerning Human Understanding; Some Thoughts Concerning Education
    Some Thoughts Concerning Education
    
    Some Thoughts Concerning Education is a 1693 in literature treatise on education written by the England philosopher John Locke. For over a century, it was the most important philosophical work on education in United Kingdom....
    
64. Jean Baptiste Racine: Tragedies
65. Isaac Newton
    Isaac Newton
    
    Sir Isaac Newton, Fellow of the Royal Society was an English people physicist, mathematician, Astronomy, Natural philosophy, Alchemy, and Theology and one of the the 100 in human history....
    : Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy; Opticks
    Opticks
    
    Opticks is a book written by England physicist Isaac Newton that was released to the public in 1704. It is about optics and the refraction of light, and is considered one of the great works of science in history....
    
66. Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz: Discourse on Metaphysics
    Discourse on Metaphysics
    
    The Discourse on Metaphysics is a short book by Gottfried Leibniz in which he develops a philosophy concerning physical substance, motion and resistance of bodies, and God's role within the universe....
    ; New Essays Concerning Human Understanding; "Monadology
    Monadology
    
    The Monadology is one of Gottfried Leibniz?s best known works representing his later philosophy. It is a short text which sketches in some 90 paragraphs a metaphysics of simple substances, or Monad ....
    "
67. Daniel Defoe
    Daniel Defoe
    
    Daniel Defoe , born Daniel Foe, was an United Kingdom writer, journalist, and pamphleteer, who gained enduring fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe....
    : Robinson Crusoe
    Robinson Crusoe
    
    Robinson Crusoe is a novel by Daniel Defoe. It was first published in 1719 and sometimes regarded as the first novel in English. The book is a fictional autobiography of the title character, an English castaway who spends 28 years on a remote tropical island near Venezuela, encountering Indigenous peoples of the Americas, captives, and mu...
    
68. Jonathan Swift
    Jonathan Swift
    
    Jonathan Swift was an Anglo-Irish satire, essayist, political pamphleteer , poet and cleric who became Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, Dublin....
    : "A Tale of a Tub
    A Tale of a Tub
    
    A Tale of a Tub was the first major work written by Jonathan Swift, composed between 1694 and 1697 and published in 1704. It is arguably his most difficult satire, and perhaps his most masterly....
    "; A Journal to Stella
    A Journal to Stella
    
    A Journal to Stella is a work by Jonathan Swift first partly published List of works published posthumously in 1766.It consists of 65 letters to his friend, Esther Johnson....
    ; Gulliver's Travels
    Gulliver's Travels
    
    Gulliver's Travels , officially Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World, in Four Parts. By Lemuel Gulliver, First a Surgeon, and then a Captain of several Ships, is a novel by Jonathan Swift that is both a satire on human nature and a parody of the "travellers' tales" literary sub-genre....
    ; "A Modest Proposal
    A Modest Proposal
    
    A Modest Proposal: For Preventing the Children of Poor People in Ireland from Being a Burden to Their Parents or Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Public, commonly referred to as A Modest Proposal, is a Juvenalian satire satire essay written and published anonymously by Jonathan Swift in 1729....
    "
69. William Congreve
    William Congreve
    
    William Congreve was an England playwright and poet....
    : The Way of the World
    The Way of the World
    
    The Way of the World is a play written by United Kingdom playwright William Congreve. It premiered in 1700 in the theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields in London....
    
70. George Berkeley
    George Berkeley
    
    George Berkeley , also known as Bishop Berkeley, was an Irish people philosopher. His primary philosophical achievement was the advancement of a theory he called "immaterialism" ....
    : Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge
    Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge
    
    A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge is a 1710 work by the Irish Empiricist philosopher George Berkeley. This book largely seeks to refute the claims made by his contemporary John Locke about the nature of human perception....
    
71. Alexander Pope
    Alexander Pope
    
    Alexander Pope is generally regarded as the greatest England poet of the eighteenth century, best known for his satirical verse and for his translation of Homer....
    : "Essay on Criticism"; "The Rape of the Lock
    The Rape of the Lock
    
    The Rape of the Lock is a mock-heroic narrative poem written by Alexander Pope, first published anonymously in Lintot's Miscellany in May 1712 in two cantos , but then revised, expanded and reissued under Pope's name on March 2 1714, in a much-expanded 5-canto version ....
    "; "Essay on Man"
72. Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu
    Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu
    
    Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de La Br?de et de Montesquieu , was a France social commentator and Political philosophy who lived during the Age of Enlightenment....
    : Persian Letters
    Persian Letters
    
    Persian Letters is a satire work, by Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu, recounting the experiences of two Persian noblemen, Usbek and Rica, who are traveling through France....
    , Spirit of the Laws
73. Voltaire
    Voltaire
    
    Fran?ois-Marie Arouet , better known by the pen name Voltaire, was a French Age of Enlightenment writer, essayist, and philosophy known for his wit, philosophical sport, and defense of civil liberty, including freedom of religion and free trade....
    : Letters on the English
    Letters on the English
    
    Lettres anglaises is a series of essays written by Voltaire based on his experiences living in England between 1726 and 1728. It was first published under the name Lettres philosophiques in 1734....
    , Candide
    Candide
    
    Candide, ou l'Optimisme is a ian the Age of Enlightenment philosopher Voltaire, English translations of which have been titled Candide: Or, All for the Best ; Candide: Or, The Optimist ; and Candide: Or, Optimism ....
    , Philosophical Dictionary
74. Henry Fielding
    Henry Fielding
    
    File:Henry Fielding - Jonathan Wild.pngHenry Fielding was an England novelist and dramatist known for his rich earthy humour and satire prowess, and as the author of the novel The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling....
    : Joseph Andrews
    Joseph Andrews
    
    Joseph Andrews, or The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and of his Friend Mr. Abraham Adams, was the first published full-length novel of the England author and magistrate Henry Fielding, and indeed among the first novels in the English language....
    , Tom Jones
    Tom Jones (writer)
    
    Tom Jones is a lyricist of musical theatre. His best known work is The Fantasticks, which ran off-Broadway from 1960 until 2002, and the hit song from the same, Try to Remember....
    
75. Samuel Johnson
    Samuel Johnson
    
    Samuel Johnson was an English author. Beginning as a Grub Street journalist, he made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, novelist, literary critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer....
    : "The Vanity of Human Wishes
    The Vanity of Human Wishes
    
    The Vanity of Human Wishes: The Tenth Satire of Juvenal Imitated is a 1749 poem by the England author Samuel Johnson. It was completed while Johnson was busy writing A Dictionary of the English Language and it was the first published work to include Johnson's name on the title page....
    ", Dictionary
    A Dictionary of the English Language
    
    Published on 15 April 1755 and written by Samuel Johnson, A Dictionary of the English Language, sometimes published as Johnson's Dictionary, is among the most influential dictionary in the history of the English language....
    , Rasselas, Lives of the Poets
76. David Hume
    David Hume
    
    David Hume was a Scotland philosopher, economist, historian and a key figure in the history of Western philosophy and the Scottish Enlightenment....
    : A Treatise of Human Nature
    A Treatise of Human Nature
    
    A Treatise of Human Nature is a book by Scotland philosopher David Hume, first published in 1739?1740.The full title of the Treatise is 'A Treatise of Human Nature: Being an Attempt to introduce the experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects'....
    , Essays Moral and Political, An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding
    An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
    
    An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding is a book by the Scotland empiricist and philosopher David Hume, published in 1748. It was a simplification of an earlier effort, Hume's A Treatise of Human Nature, published anonymously in London in 1739–1740....
    
77. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
    Jean-Jacques Rousseau
    
    Jean Jacques Rousseau was a major philosopher, writer, and composer of the eighteenth century The Age of Enlightenment, whose political philosophy influenced the French Revolution and the development of modern political and educational thought....
    : Discourse on the Origin of Inequality, On Political Economy, Emile
    EMILE
    
    EMILE is the Early Macintosh Image LoadEr, a bootloader for loading Linux on Macintosh computers that have m68k processors. It was written by Laurent Vivier, and is meant to eventually replace the Penguin Booter that is more usually in use....
    , The Social Contract
78. Laurence Sterne
    Laurence Sterne
    
    Laurence Sterne was an Ireland-born England novelist and an Anglican clergyman. He is best known for his novels The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, and A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy; but he also published Sermons of Laurence Sterne, wrote memoirs, and was involved in local politics....
    : Tristram Shandy, A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy
    A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy
    
    A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy is a novel by the Irish-born English author Laurence Sterne, written and first published in 1768 in literature, as Sterne was facing death....
    
79. Adam Smith
    Adam Smith
    
    Adam Smith was a Scotland Ethics and a pioneer of political economy. One of the key figures of the Scottish Enlightenment, Smith is the author of The Theory of Moral Sentiments and The Wealth of Nations....
    : The Theory of Moral Sentiments
    The Theory of Moral Sentiments
    
    'The Theory of Moral Sentiments' was written by Adam Smith in 1759. It provided the ethics, philosophical, psychological and methodological underpinnings to Smith's later works, including The Wealth of Nations , A Treatise on Public Opulence , Essays on Philosophical Subjects , and Lectures on Justice, Police, Revenue, and A...
    , The Wealth of Nations
    The Wealth of Nations
    
    An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations is the magnum opus of the Scotland economist Adam Smith. It is a clearly written account of economics at the dawn of the Industrial Revolution, as well as a rhetorical piece written for the generally educated individual of the 18th century - advocating a free market econom...
    
80. Immanuel Kant
    Immanuel Kant
    
    Immanuel Kant was an 18th-century German Philosophy from the Kingdom of Prussia city of K?nigsberg . He is regarded as one of the most influential thinkers of modern Europe and of the late Age of Enlightenment....
    : Critique of Pure Reason
    Critique of Pure Reason
    
    The Critique of Pure Reason by Immanuel Kant, first published in 1781, second edition 1787, is one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy....
    , Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Critique of Practical Reason
    Critique of Practical Reason
    
    The Critique of Practical Reason is the second of Immanuel Kant's three critiques, first published in 1788. It follows on from his Critique of Pure Reason and deals with his moral philosophy....
    ; The Science of Right; Critique of Judgment; Perpetual Peace
    Perpetual peace
    
    Perpetual peace refers to a state of affairs where peace is permanently established over a certain area .Many would-be world domination have promised that their rule would enforce perpetual peace....
    
81. Edward Gibbon
    Edward Gibbon
    
    Edward Gibbon was an English historian and Member of Parliament. His most important work, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, was published in six volumes between 1776 and 1788....
    : The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire; Autobiography
82. James Boswell
    James Boswell
    
    James Boswell, 9th Laird of Auchinleck was a lawyer, diarist, and author born in Edinburgh, Scotland; he is best known for his biography of Samuel Johnson....
    : Journal; The Life of Samuel Johnson, LL.D.
83. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier: Elements of Chemistry
84. Alexander Hamilton
    Alexander Hamilton
    
    Alexander Hamilton was the first Secretary of the Treasury, a Founding Fathers of the United States, economist, and political philosopher. He led calls for the Philadelphia Convention, was one of America's first Constitutional lawyers, and cowrote the Federalist Papers, a primary source for Constitutional interpretation....
    , John Jay
    John Jay
    
    John Jay was an United States politician, statesman, Patriot , diplomat, a Founding Fathers of the United States, President of the Continental Congress from 1778 to 1779 and, from 1789 to 1795, the first Chief Justice of the United States....
    , and James Madison
    James Madison
    
    James Madison was an American politician and political philosopher who served as the List of Presidents of the United States President of the United States , and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States....
    : The Federalist Papers
    Federalist Papers
    
    The Federalist Papers are a series of List of Federalist Papers advocating the History of the United States Constitution#Ratification of the United States United States Constitution....
    
85. Jeremy Bentham
    Jeremy Bentham
    
    Jeremy Bentham was an England jurist, philosopher, and legal and social reformer. He was the brother of Samuel Bentham. He was a political radical, and a leading theorist in Anglo-American philosophy of law....
    : Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation; Theory of Fictions
86. Edmund Burke
    Edmund Burke
    
    Edmund Burke was an Irish statesman, author, orator, political theorist, and philosophy who, after relocating to Great Britain, served for many years in the British House of Commons as a member of the British Whig Party party....
    : Reflections on the Revolution in France
    Reflections on the Revolution in France
    
    Reflections on the Revolution in France , by Edmund Burke, is one of the best-known intellectual attacks against the French Revolution. In the twentieth century, it much influenced conservatism and classical liberalism intellectuals, who re-cast Burke's Whig arguments as a critique of Communism and Socialism revolutionary programmes....
    
87. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
    Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
    
    was a Germans writer and according to George Eliot, "Germany's greatest man of letters? and the last true polymath to walk the earth." Goethe's works span the fields of poetry, drama, literature, theology, philosophy, humanism and science....
    : Faust
    Goethe's Faust
    
    Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust is a tragedy Play . It was published in two parts: ' and ' . The play is a closet drama, meaning that it is meant to be read rather than performed....
    ; Poetry and Truth
    Dichtung und Wahrheit
    
    Aus meinem Leben: Dichtung und Wahrheit , is Goethe's autobiography. The German language word "Dichtung" means both "poetry" and "fiction" in English language, which indicates through an ingenious ambiguity a humorous notion that perhaps not all aspects are unfolded truthfully therein....
    
88. Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier: Analytical Theory of Heat
89. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
    Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
    
    Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a German people philosopher, and with Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, one of the creators of German idealism....
    : The Phenomenology of Spirit
    Phenomenology of Spirit
    
    Ph?nomenologie des Geistes is one of G.W.F. Hegel's most important philosophical works. It is translated as The Phenomenology of Spirit or The Phenomenology of Mind due to the dual meaning in the German language word Geist....
    ; The Philosophy of Right; Lectures on the Philosophy of History
    Lectures on the Philosophy of History
    
    Lectures on the Philosophy of History, also translated as Lectures on the Philosophy of World History ., is the title of a major work by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel , originally given as lectures at the University of Berlin in 1822, 1828, and 1830....
    
90. William Wordsworth
    William Wordsworth
    
    William Wordsworth was a major England Romantic poetry poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romanticism in English literature with the 1798 joint publication Lyrical Ballads....
    : Poems
91. Samuel Taylor Coleridge
    Samuel Taylor Coleridge
    
    Samuel Taylor Coleridge was an England poet, critic and Philosophy who was, along with his friend William Wordsworth, one of the founders of the Romanticism in England and one of the Lake Poets....
    : Poems; Biographia Literaria
    Biographia Literaria
    
    Biographia Literaria is an autobiography in discourse by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, which he published in 1817. The work is long and seemingly loosely structured, and although there are autobiographical elements, it is not a straightfoward or linear autobiography....
    
92. Jane Austen
    Jane Austen
    
    Jane Austen was an English novelist whose Literary realism, biting social commentary and masterful use of free indirect speech, Burlesque , and irony have earned her a place as one of the most widely read and most beloved writers in English literature....
    : Pride and Prejudice
    Pride and Prejudice
    
    Pride and Prejudice is a novel by Jane Austen. First published on 28 January 1813, it is her second published novel. Its manuscript was initially written between 1796 and 1797 in Steventon, Hampshire, where Austen lived in the rectory....
    ; Emma
    Emma
    
    Emma is a novel by Jane Austen, first published in December, 1815. Ostensibly a story about the perils of misconstrued romance, in fact the author treats with two of her more common themes, namely: the concerns and difficulties of women's lives in Georgian era-British Regency England; and, a 'comedy of manners' among her characters, each...
    
93. Carl von Clausewitz
    Carl von Clausewitz
    
    Carl Philipp Gottlieb von Clausewitz was a Prussian soldier, military historian and military theorist. He is most famous for his military treatise On War, translated into English as On War....
    : On War
    On War
    
    Vom Kriege is a book on war and military strategy by Prussian general Carl von Clausewitz, written mostly after the Napoleonic wars, between 1816 and 1830, and published posthumously by his wife in 1832....
    
94. Stendhal
    Stendhal
    
    Henri-Marie Beyle , better known by his pen name Stendhal, was a 19th-century France writer. Known for his acute analysis of his characters' psychology, he is considered one of the earliest and foremost practitioners of realism in his two novels Le Rouge et le Noir and La Chartreuse de Parme ....
    : The Red and the Black
    The Red and the Black
    
    Le Rouge et le Noir is a novel by Stendhal, published in 1830. The title has been translated into English variously as Scarlet and Black, Red and Black, and The Red and the Black....
    ; The Charterhouse of Parma
    The Charterhouse of Parma
    
    The Charterhouse of Parma is a novel published in 1839 by Stendhal. The novel, along with The Red and the Black, is considered Stendhal's finest work....
    ; Stendhal
95. Lord Byron
    George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron
    
    George Gordon Byron, later Noel, 6th Baron Byron Royal Society was a United Kingdom poet and a leading figure in Romanticism. Amongst Byron's best-known works are the brief poems She Walks in Beauty, When We Two Parted, and So, we'll go no more a roving, in addition to the narrative poems Childe Harold's Pilgrimage and...
    : Don Juan
    Don Juan
    
    Don Juan or Don Giovanni is a legendary, fictional libertine whose story has been told many times by many authors. El burlador de Sevilla y convidado de piedra, by Tirso de Molina, is a play set in the fourteenth century that was published in Spain around 1630....
    
96. Arthur Schopenhauer
    Arthur Schopenhauer
    
    Arthur Schopenhauer was a Germany philosopher known for his atheistic pessimism and philosophical clarity. At age 25, he published his doctoral dissertation, On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason, which examined the fundamental question of whether reason alone can unlock answers about the world....
    : Studies in Pessimism
97. Michael Faraday
    Michael Faraday
    
    Michael Faraday, Fellow of the Royal Society was an English chemist and physicist who contributed to the fields of electromagnetism and electrochemistry....
    : The Chemical History of a Candle
    The Chemical History of a Candle
    
    The Chemical History of a Candle was the title of a series of lectures on the chemistry and physics of flames given by Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution....
    ; Experimental Researches in Electricity
98. Charles Lyell
    Charles Lyell
    
    Sir Charles Lyell, 1st Baronet, Order of the Thistle, Fellow of the Royal Society was a Scotland lawyer, geologist, and protagonist of Uniformitarianism ....
    : Principles of Geology
    Principles of Geology
    
    Principles of Geology, being an attempt to explain the former changes of the Earth's surface, by reference to causes now in operation, is a book by the Scotland geologist Charles Lyell....
    
99. Auguste Comte: The Positive Philosophy
100. Honoré de Balzac
     Honoré de Balzac
     
     Honor? de Balzac was a French novelist and playwright. His magnum opus was a Novel sequence of almost 100 novels and plays collectively entitled La Com?die humaine, which presents a panorama of French life in the years after the fall of Napol?on Bonaparte in 1815....
     : Le Père Goriot
     Le Père Goriot
     
     Le P?re Goriot is an 1835 novel by French people novelist and playwright Honor? de Balzac , included in the Sc?nes de la vie priv?e section of his novel sequence La Com?die humaine....
     ; Eugenie Grandet
     Eugénie Grandet
     
     Eug?nie Grandet is a novel by Honor? de Balzac about miserliness, and how it is bequeathed from the father to the daughter, Eug?nie, through her unsatisfying love attachment with her cousin....
     
101. Ralph Waldo Emerson
     Ralph Waldo Emerson
     
     Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American essayist, philosopher, poet, and leader of the transcendentalism movement in the early 19th century. His teachings directly influenced the growing New Thought movement of the mid 1800s....
     : Representative Men, Essays, Journal
102. Nathaniel Hawthorne
     Nathaniel Hawthorne
     
     Nathaniel Hawthorne was an American novelist and short story writer.Nathaniel Hathorne was born in 1804 in the city of Salem, Massachusetts to Nathaniel Hathorne and Elizabeth Clarke Manning Hathorne....
     : The Scarlet Letter
     The Scarlet Letter
     
     The Scarlet Letter is a novel written by Nathaniel Hawthorne. It is considered his magnum opus. Set in 17th-century Puritan Boston, it tells the story of Hester Prynne, who gives birth after committing adultery and struggles to create a new life of repentance and dignity....
     
103. Alexis de Tocqueville
     Alexis de Tocqueville
     
     Alexis-Charles-Henri Cl?rel de Tocqueville was a French political philosophy and historian best known for his Democracy in America and The Old Regime and the Revolution ....
     : Democracy in America
     Democracy in America
     
     De la d?mocratie en Am?rique is a Western canon France text by Alexis de Tocqueville on the United States in the 1830s and its strengths and weaknesses....
     
104. John Stuart Mill
     John Stuart Mill
     
     John Stuart Mill , United Kingdom philosopher, political economy, civil servant and Parliament of the United Kingdom, was an influential liberalism thinker of the 19th century....
     : A System of Logic
     A System of Logic
     
     A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive is an 1843 book by English people philosopher John Stuart Mill. In this work, he formulated the five principles of inductive reasoning that are known as Mill's methods....
     ; On Liberty
     On Liberty
     
     On Liberty is a philosophical work by 19th century England philosopher John Stuart Mill, first published in 1859. To the Victorian readers of the time it was a radical work, advocating moral and economic freedom of individuals from the state....
     ; Representative Government; Utilitarianism
     Utilitarianism (book)
     
     John Stuart Mill's book Utilitarianism is a philosophy defense of utilitarianism in ethics. The essay first appeared as a series of three articles published in Fraser's Magazine in 1861; the articles were collected and reprinted as a single book in 1863....
     ; The Subjection of Women
     The Subjection of Women
     
     The Subjection of Women is the title of an essay written by John Stuart Mill in 1869, possibly jointly with his wife Harriet Taylor Mill, stating an argument in favor of equality between the sexes....
     ; Autobiography
105. Charles Darwin
     Charles Darwin
     
     Charles Robert Darwin Royal Society was an English people natural history who realised and presented compelling evidence that all species of life have evolution over time from common descent, through the process he called natural selection....
     : The Origin of Species
     The Origin of Species
     
     Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species is a seminal work in scientific literature and a landmark work in evolutionary biology. The book's full title is On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life....
     ; The Descent of Man; Autobiography
     The Autobiography of Charles Darwin
     
     The Autobiography of Charles Darwin is the autobiography of the United Kingdom naturalist Charles Darwin which was published in 1887, five years after his death....
     
106. Charles Dickens
     Charles Dickens
     
     Charles John Huffam Dickens, Royal Society of Arts , pen-name "Boz", was the most popular English people novelist of the Victorian era, as well as a vigorous Reform movement....
     : The Pickwick Papers
     The Pickwick Papers
     
     The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, better known as The Pickwick Papers, is the first novel by Charles Dickens. The illustrator Robert Seymour claimed that the idea for the novel was originally his; however, in his preface to the 1867 edition, Dickens strenuously denied any specific input, writing that "Mr Seymour never...
     ; David Copperfield
     David Copperfield (novel)
     
     David Copperfield or The Personal History, Adventures, Experience and Observation of David Copperfield the Younger of Blunderstone Rookery is a novel by Charles Dickens, first published in 1850....
     ; Hard Times
     Hard Times
     
     Hard Times- For These Times. is a novel by Charles Dickens, first published in 1854. The book is a state-of-the-nation novel, which aimed to highlight the social and economic pressures that some people were experiencing....
     
107. Claude Bernard
     Claude Bernard
     
     Claude Bernard was a France physiologist. Historian of science I. Bernard Cohen of Harvard University called Bernard "one of the greatest of all men of science"....
     : Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine
     Claude Bernard
     
     Claude Bernard was a France physiologist. Historian of science I. Bernard Cohen of Harvard University called Bernard "one of the greatest of all men of science"....
     
108. Henry David Thoreau
     Henry David Thoreau
     
     Henry David Thoreau was an United States author, poet, Natural history, tax resistance, development criticism, surveyor, historian, philosophy, and leading Transcendentalism....
     : "Civil Disobedience
     Civil disobedience
     
     Civil disobedience is the active refusal to obey certain laws, demands and commands of a government, or of an occupying power , without resorting to physical violence....
     "; Walden
     Walden
     
     Walden by Henry David Thoreau is one of the best-known non-fiction books written by an United States. Published in 1854, it details Thoreau's sojourn in a cabin near Walden Pond, amidst woodland owned by his friend and mentor Ralph Waldo Emerson, near Concord, Massachusetts....
     
109. Karl Marx
     Karl Marx
     
     Karl Heinrich Marx was a Germanphilosophy, political economy, historian, sociologist, humanism, political theorist and revolutionary credited as the founder of communism....
      and Friedrich Engels
     Friedrich Engels
     
     Friedrich Engels was a German Social science and Philosophy, who developed Communism alongside his better-known collaborator, Karl Marx, co-authoring The Communist Manifesto ....
     : Capital
     Das Kapital
     
     is an extensive treatise on political economy written in German language by Karl Marx and edited in part by Friedrich Engels. The book is a critical analysis of capitalism....
     ; The Communist Manifesto
     The Communist Manifesto
     
     Manifesto of the Communist Party , often referred to as The Communist Manifesto, was first published on February 21, 1848, and is one of the world's most influential Politics manuscripts....
     
110. George Eliot
     George Eliot
     
     Mary Anne Evans , better known by her pen name George Eliot, was an England novelist. She was one of the leading writers of the Victorian era....
     : Adam Bede
     Adam Bede
     
     Adam Bede, the first novel written by George Eliot , was published in 1859. It was published pseudonymously, even though Evans was a well-published and highly respected scholar of her time....
     ; Middlemarch
111. Herman Melville
     Herman Melville
     
     Herman Melville was an American novelist, short story writer, essayist and poet. His first three books gained much attention, the first becoming a bestseller, but after a fast-blooming literary success in the late 1840s, his popularity declined precipitously in the mid-1850s and never recovered during his lifetime....
     : Moby-Dick
     Moby-Dick
     
     Moby-Dick is an 1851 novel by Herman Melville. The story tells the adventures of the wandering sailor Ishmael and his voyage on the whaling Pequod , commanded by Captain Ahab....
     ; Billy Budd
     Billy Budd
     
     Billy Budd is a short novel by Herman Melville.Billy Budd can also refer to:*Billy Budd , a 1951 opera by Benjamin Britten based on Melville's novel...
     
112. Fyodor Dostoevsky
     Fyodor Dostoevsky
     
     Fyodor Mikhaylovich Dostoyevsky "An Honest Thief"* "Elka i svad'ba" ; English translation: "A Christmas Tree and a Wedding"* Belye nochi ; English translation: White Nights ...
     : Crime and Punishment
     Crime and Punishment
     
     Crime and Punishment is a novel by Russian literature Fyodor Dostoevsky that was first published in the literary journal The Russian Messenger in twelve monthly installments in 1866....
     ; The Idiot
     The Idiot (novel)
     
     The Idiot is a novel written by the Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky and first published in 1868. The Russian language title is "?????", "Idiot" ....
     ; The Brothers Karamazov
     The Brothers Karamazov
     
     The Brothers Karamazov is the final novel by the Russian author Fyodor Dostoyevsky, and is generally considered the culmination of his life's work....
     
113. Gustave Flaubert
     Gustave Flaubert
     
     Gustave Flaubert was a France writer who is counted among the greatest Western literature. He is known especially for his first published novel, Madame Bovary , and for his scrupulous devotion to his art and style....
     : Madame Bovary
     Madame Bovary
     
     Madame Bovary is a novel by Gustave Flaubert, often considered his masterpiece. The novel focuses on a doctor's wife, Emma Bovary, who has adultery and lives beyond her means in order to escape the banalities and emptiness of provincial life....
     ; Three Stories
     Three Tales (Flaubert)
     
     Three Tales is a work by Gustave Flaubert that was originally published in French language in 1877. It consists of the short stories: A Simple Heart, Saint Julian, and Herodias....
     
114. Henrik Ibsen
     Henrik Ibsen
     
     Henrik Johan Ibsen was a major Nineteenth-century theatre Norway playwright of realism drama and poet. He is often referred to as the "father of modern drama" and is one of the founders of modernism in the theatre....
     : Plays
115. Leo Tolstoy
     Leo Tolstoy
     
     Leo Tolstoy, or Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy Tolstoy's further talents as essayist, dramatist and Education reform made him the most influential member of the aristocracy Tolstoy....
     : War and Peace
     War and Peace
     
     War and Peace is a novel by Leo Tolstoy, first published from 1865 to 1869 in Russkiy Vestnik , which tells the story of Russian society during the Napoleonic Era....
     ; Anna Karenina
     Anna Karenina
     
     Anna Karenina , is a novel by the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy, published in serial installments from 1873 to 1877 in the periodical The Russian Messenger....
     ; What is Art?
     What Is Art?
     
     What Is Art? is a book by Leo Tolstoy in which he argues against numerous Aesthetics which define art in terms of the Goodness and value theory, truth, and especially beauty....
     ; Twenty-Three Tales
116. Mark Twain
     Mark Twain
     
     Samuel Langhorne Clemens , better known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an United Statesmerican author and humorist. Twain is most noted for his novels Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which has since been called the Great American Novel, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer....
     : The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn; The Mysterious Stranger
     The Mysterious Stranger
     
     The Mysterious Stranger is an unfinished work, and the last novel attempted, by the United States of America author Mark Twain. It was worked on periodically from roughly 1890 up until his death in 1910....
     
117. William James
     William James
     
     William James was a pioneering American psychology and philosophy trained as a medical doctor. He wrote influential books on the young science of psychology, educational psychology, psychology of religion experience and mysticism, and the philosophy of pragmatism....
     : The Principles of Psychology; The Varieties of Religious Experience
     The Varieties of Religious Experience
     
     The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature is a book by the Harvard psychologist and philosopher William James that comprises his edited Gifford Lectures on "Natural Theology" delivered at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland between 1901 and 1902....
     ; Pragmatism; Essays in Radical Empiricism
     Essays in Radical Empiricism
     
     Essays in Radical Empiricism by William James is a collection edited and published posthumously by his colleague and biographer Ralph Barton Perry in 1912....
     
118. Henry James
     Henry James
     
     Henry James, Order of Merit , son of theologian Henry James Sr., brother of the philosopher and psychologist William James and diarist Alice James, was an United States author....
     : The American; The Ambassadors
     The Ambassadors
     
     The Ambassadors is a 1903 novel by Henry James, originally published as a serial in the North American Review. This dark comedy, one of the masterpieces of James' final period, follows the trip of protagonist Lambert Strether to Europe in pursuit of his widowed fianc?e's supposedly wayward son....
     
119. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche: Thus Spoke Zarathustra
     Thus Spoke Zarathustra
     
     Thus Spoke Zarathustra , subtitled A Book for All and None , is a written work by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, composed in four parts between 1883 and 1885....
     ; Beyond Good and Evil
     Beyond Good and Evil
     
     Beyond Good and Evil , subtitled "Prelude to a Philosophy of the Future" , is a book by the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, first published in 1886....
     ; The Genealogy of Morals; The Will to Power
     The Will to Power
     
     The Will to Power is the title given to a book of selections from the notebooks of Friedrich Nietzsche by his sister Elisabeth F?rster-Nietzsche and Heinrich K?selitz ....
     
120. Jules Henri Poincaré: Science and Hypothesis; Science and Method
121. Sigmund Freud
     Sigmund Freud
     
     Sigmund Freud , born Sigismund Schlomo Freud , was an Austrian psychiatrist who founded the psychoanalysis of psychology. Freud is best known for his theories of the unconscious mind and the defense mechanism of Psychological repression and for creating the clinical practice of psychoanalysis for curing psychopathology through dialogue...
     : The Interpretation of Dreams
     The Interpretation of Dreams
     
     The Interpretation of Dreams is a book by Sigmund Freud. The first edition was first published in German language in November 1899 as Die Traumdeutung ....
     ; Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis; Civilization and Its Discontents
     Civilization and Its Discontents
     
     Civilization and Its Discontentsis a book by Sigmund Freud. Written in 1929, and first published in German language in 1930 as Das Unbehagen in der Kultur , it is one of Freud's most important and widely read works ....
     ; New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis
122. George Bernard Shaw
     George Bernard Shaw
     
     George Bernard Shaw, was an Irish people playwright.Although Shaw's first profitable writing was music and literary criticism, his talent was for drama, and he wrote more than 60 plays....
     : Plays and Prefaces
123. Max Planck
     Max Planck
     
     Karl Ernst Ludwig Marx Planck, better known as Max Planck was a Germany physicist. He is considered to be the founder of the Quantum mechanics, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century....
     : Origin and Development of the Quantum Theory; Where Is Science Going?; Scientific Autobiography
124. Henri Bergson
     Henri Bergson
     
     Henri-Louis Bergson was a French philosophy, influential in the first half of the 20th century....
     : Time and Free Will
     Time and Free Will
     
     Time and Free Will: An Essay on the Immediate Data of Consciousness is the title of Henri Bergson doctoral thesis, first published in 1889....
     ; Matter and Memory
     Matter and Memory
     
     Matter and Memory is one of the four main works by the French philosopher Henri Bergson . Its subtitle is "Essay on the relation of body and spirit", and the work presents an analysis of the classical philosophical problems concerning this relation....
     ; Creative Evolution
     Creative evolution
     
     Creative evolution may refer to:* Theistic evolution* Creative Evolution , a book by Henri Bergson...
     ; The Two Sources of Morality and Religion
125. John Dewey
     John Dewey
     
     John Dewey was an American philosopher, psychologist, and school reform whose thoughts and ideas have been highly influential in the United States and around the world....
     : How We Think; Democracy and Education
     Democracy and Education
     
     Democracy and Education: an introduction to the philosophy of education is a book written in 1916 by John Dewey. A full version of the book can be found at Wikisource:Democracy and Education....
     ; Experience and Nature; Logic: The Theory of Inquiry
126. Alfred North Whitehead
     Alfred North Whitehead
     
     Alfred North Whitehead, Order of Merit was an England mathematician who became a philosopher. He wrote on algebra, logic, foundations of mathematics, philosophy of science, physics, metaphysics, and education....
     : An Introduction to Mathematics; Science and the Modern World; The Aims of Education and Other Essays; Adventures of Ideas
127. George Santayana
     George Santayana
     
     George Santayana , was a philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist.A lifelong Spain citizen, Santayana was raised and educated in the United States, wrote in English language and is generally considered an American Intellectual#Modes of .27intellectual class.27 in nineteenth-century Europe, although, of his nearly 89 years, he spent only 39...
     : The Life of Reason
     The Life of Reason
     
     The Life of Reason, subtitled "the Phases of Human Progress", is a book published in five volumes from 1905 to 1906, by Spain-born American philosopher George Santayana ....
     ; Skepticism and Animal Faith
     Skepticism and Animal Faith
     
     Scepticism and Animal Faith is a later work by Spain-United States philosopher George Santayana. He intended it to be "merely the introduction to a new system of philosophy," a work that would later be called The Realms of Being, which constitutes the bulk of his philosophy, along with The Life of Reason....
     ; Persons and Places
128. Lenin: The State and Revolution
129. Marcel Proust
     Marcel Proust
     
     Valentin Louis Georges Eug?ne Marcel Proust was a France novelist, essayist and critic, best known as the author of In Search of Lost Time , a monumental work of twentieth-century fiction published in seven parts from 1913 to 1927....
     : Remembrance of Things Past (the revised translation is In Search of Lost Time
     In Search of Lost Time
     
     In Search of Lost Time or Remembrance of Things Past is a semi-autobiographical novel in heptalogy by Marcel Proust. His most prominent work, it is popularly known for its extended length and the notion of involuntary memory, the most famous example being the "episode of the Madeleine "....
     ; the original French title is À la recherche du temps perdu)
130. Bertrand Russell
     Bertrand Russell
     
     Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, Order of Merit , Fellow of the Royal Society , was a British people philosopher, mathematical logic, mathematician, historian, advocate for social reform, and pacifism....
     : The Problems of Philosophy
     The Problems of Philosophy
     
     The Problems of Philosophy is one of Bertrand Russell's attempts to create a brief and accessible guide to the problems of philosophy. Focusing on problems he believes will provoke positive and constructive discussion, Russell concentrates on epistemology rather than metaphysics....
     ; The Analysis of Mind; An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth; Human Knowledge, Its Scope and Limits
131. Thomas Mann
     Thomas Mann
     
     Paul Thomas Mann was a German literature, short story writer, social critic, philanthropist, essayist, and 1929 Nobel Prize for Literature, known for his series of highly symbolic and irony epic novels and novellas, noted for their insight into the psychology of the artist and the intellectual....
     : The Magic Mountain
     The Magic Mountain
     
     The Magic Mountain is a novel by Thomas Mann, first published in November 1924. It is widely considered to be one of the most influential works of 20th century German literature....
     ; Joseph and His Brothers
     Joseph and His Brothers
     
     Joseph and His Brothers is a tetralogy novel by Thomas Mann, written over the course of 16 years. Mann retells the familiar stories of Genesis, from Jacob to Joseph , setting it in the historical context of the Amarna period....
     
132. Albert Einstein
     Albert Einstein
     
     Albert Einstein was a Germany-born theoretical physics. He is best known for his theory of relativity and specifically mass?energy equivalence, expressed by the equation E = mc2....
     : The Meaning of Relativity; On the Method of Theoretical Physics; The Evolution of Physics
     The Evolution of Physics
     
     The Evolution of Physics: From Early Concept to Relativity and Quanta is a textbook about quantum physics by Albert Einstein and Leopold Infeld....
     
133. James Joyce
     James Joyce
     
     James Augustine Aloysius Joyce was an Ireland expatriate author of the 20th century. He is best known for his landmark novel Ulysses and its controversial successor Finnegans Wake , as well as the short story collection Dubliners and the semi-autobiographical novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man ....
     : "The Dead
     The Dead (short story)
     
     "The Dead" is the final short story in the 1914 collection Dubliners by James Joyce. It is the longest story in the collection and widely considered to be one of the greatest short stories in the English language....
     " in Dubliners
     Dubliners
     
     Dubliners is a collection of 15 short stories by James Joyce, first published in 1914. The fifteen stories were meant to be a naturalistic depiction of the Ireland middle class life in and around Dublin in the early years of the 20th century....
     ; A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
     A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
     
     A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is a autobiography novel by James Joyce, first serialized in The Egoist from 1914 to 1915 and published in book form in 1916 in literature....
     ; Ulysses
     Ulysses (novel)
     
     Ulysses is a novel by James Joyce, first serialized in parts in the American journal The Little Review from March 1918 to December 1920, then published in its entirety by Sylvia Beach on February 2, 1922, in Paris....
     
134. Jacques Maritain
     Jacques Maritain
     
     Jacques Maritain was a France Catholic philosopher. Raised as a protestant, he converted to Catholicism in 1906. An author of more than 60 books, he is responsible for reviving St....
     : Art and Scholasticism; The Degrees of Knowledge; The Rights of Man and Natural Law; True Humanism
135. Franz Kafka
     Franz Kafka
     
     Franz Kafka was one of the major fiction writers of the 20th century. He was born to a middle-class German language-speaking Jewish family in Prague, Austria-Hungary, presently the Czech Republic....
     : The Trial
     The Trial
     
     The Trial is a novel by Franz Kafka about a character named Josef K., who awakens one morning and, for reasons never revealed, is arrested and prosecuted for an unspecified crime....
     ; The Castle
136. Arnold J. Toynbee
     Arnold J. Toynbee
     
     Arnold Joseph Toynbee Order of the Companions of Honour was a British historian whose twelve-volume analysis of the rise and fall of civilizations, A Study of History, 1934-1961, was a synthesis of world history, a metahistory based on universal rhythms of rise, flowering and decline, which examined history from a global perspective....
     : A Study of History
     A Study of History
     
     A Study of History is the 12-volume magnum opus of United Kingdom historian Arnold J. Toynbee, finished in 1961. In this immensely detailed and complex work, Toynbee traces the birth, growth and decay of some 21 to 23 major civilizations in the world....
     ; Civilization on Trial
137. Jean-Paul Sartre
     Jean-Paul Sartre
     
     Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre , commonly known simply as Jean-Paul Sartre , was a French existentialism philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and literary criticism....
     : Nausea; No Exit
     No Exit
     
     No Exit is a 1944 in literature existentialism Play by Jean-Paul Sartre, originally published in French language as Huis Clos . English translations have also been performed under the titles In Camera, No Way Out, and Dead End. Huis Clos was first performed at the Th??tre du Vieux-Colombier in May 1944, just be...
     ; Being and Nothingness
138. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
     Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
     
     Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn was a Russians novelist, dramatist and historian. Through his writings, he made the world aware of the Gulag, the Soviet Union's forced labour camp system, and for these efforts Solzhenitsyn was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1974....
     : The First Circle
     The First Circle
     
     The First Circle is a novel by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn released in 1968.The novel details the life of the occupants of a gulag prison camp located in the Moscow suburbs, the Marfino sharashka....
     ; Cancer Ward
139. Paul Auster
     Paul Auster
     
     Paul Benjamin Auster is a Brooklyn-based author known for works blending absurdism and crime fiction, such as The New York Trilogy , Moon Palace and Brooklyn Follies ....
     : Mr. Vertigo
     Mr. Vertigo
     
     Mr. Vertigo is a novel written by Paul Auster and first published in 1994. It tells the story of a young orphaned boy from St. Louis, Missouri, Walter Claireborne Rawley, who happens upon a mysterious traveller known only as Master Yehudi....
     : City of Glass
     City of Glass
     
     'City of Glass' may refer to:In 'literature':* City of Glass , a 1985 novel by Paul Auster** ...
     
140. Don Delillo
     Don DeLillo
     
     Don DeLillo is an United Statesmerican author whose work paints a detailed portrait of American life in the late 20th and early 21st centuries....
     : Libra
     Libra
     
     Libra is Latin language for "scales". It may refer to:* Libra , an astrological sign* Libra , a star constellation in the sky* Libra, an Ancient Rome Ancient Roman units of measurement#Weight, which originated the current use of the term "Pound " as a measure of mass , which in turn originated the United Kingdom pound sterling currency....
     : White Noise
     White noise
     
     White noise is a random signal with a flat power spectral density. In other words, the signal contains equal power within a fixed bandwidth at any center frequency....
     

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See also

• Great Books Program
  Great Books Program
  
  A university or college Great Books Program is a program inspired by the Great Books movement begun in the United States in the 1920s. The aim of such programs is a return to the Western Liberal Arts tradition in education, as a corrective to the extreme disciplinary specialisation common within the academy....
  
• Great Books Programs in Canada
  Great Books Programs in Canada
  
  Great Books Programs in Canada are university/college programs inspired by the Great Books movement begun in the United States in the 1920s. The aim of such programs is to return to the Western Liberal Arts tradition in education....
  
• Educational perennialism
  Educational perennialism
  
  Perennialists believe that one should teach the things that one deems to be of everlasting importance to all people everywhere. They believe that the most important topics develop a person....
  
• Great Books of the Western World
  Great Books of the Western World
  
  Great Books of the Western World is a series of books originally published in the United States in 1952 by Encyclop?dia Britannica Inc. to present the western canon in a single package of 54 volumes....
  
• Gutenberg College
  Gutenberg College
  
  Gutenberg College is a private, four-year Great Books college in Eugene, Oregon. The curriculum centers on the most influential primary texts of Western Civilization, which students study with ?tutors? in round-table discussions....
  
• Harrison Middleton University
  Harrison Middleton University
  
  Harrison Middleton University is a For-profit school, accredited online university offering degree programs in the humanities through The College of the Humanities and Sciences....
  
• Shimer College
  Shimer College
  
  Shimer College is a liberal arts college in Chicago, Illinois, best known for its intellectual atmosphere, small class sizes, and Great Books curriculum....
  
• St. John's College, U.S.
  St. John's College, U.S.
  
  St. John's College is a liberal arts college with two U.S. campuses: Annapolis, Maryland and Santa Fe, New Mexico. Founded in 1696 as a preparatory school, King William's School, the institution received a collegiate charter in 1784....
  
• Thomas Aquinas College
  Thomas Aquinas College
  
  Thomas Aquinas College is a Roman Catholic liberal arts college offering a single integrated academic program. It is located in Santa Paula, California north of Los Angeles....
  
• University of King's College
  University of King's College
  
  The University of King's College is a post-secondary institution in Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. King's is a small liberal arts university offering only undergraduate programs....
  
• Dead White Males
  Dead white males
  
  Dead white males or Dead White European Males is a term that refers in a derisive way to the focus on the contributions of historic European males at the expense of contributions from other classes....
  
• San Elijo College
  San Elijo College
  
  San Elijo College is a private, four year Great Books college in San Marcos, California. It will admit its first class in 2010....
  
• College of the Humanities
• Great Books Foundation
  Great Books Foundation
  
  The Great Books Foundation, incorporated in the state of Illinois and based in Chicago, is an independent, nonprofit educational organization whose mission is to help people think and share ideas....
  

Bibliography

• , Icon, 2007. An introduction to the great works of western literature.

External links

• The Core Curriculum at Columbia University (New York City)
• A Great Books College in Chicago
• An extensive reading list.
• (@pbs.org) by Ron Dorfman
• Santa Paula
• California
• An expanded canon Great Books school within a school.
• A self-described elitist and traditional great-books reading list.
• San Diego, California
• Sydney Hook's criticism of the Great Book philosophy
• and at