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University of Cambridge



 
 
The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University), located in Cambridge
Cambridge

The city status in the United Kingdom of Cambridge is a College town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies about 50 miles north of London....
, England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
, is the second-oldest
List of oldest universities in continuous operation

This is a list of the oldest extant universities in the world. To be listed on this page, an educational institution must satisfy the definition of a university at the time of founding; it must have been founded before 1500 or be the oldest university in a region; and it must have been operational without a significant interruption ever sin...
 university in the English-speaking world
Anglosphere

The word Anglosphere describes a concept of a group of anglophone nations which share historical, political, and cultural characteristics rooted in or attributed to the historical experience of the United Kingdom....
. The name is sometimes abbreviated as Cantab. in post-nominals
Post-nominal letters

Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials or post-nominal titles, are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position, educational degree, accreditation, office, or honour....
, a shortened form of Cantabrigiensis (an adjective derived from Cantabrigia, the Latinised form of Cambridge
Cambridge

The city status in the United Kingdom of Cambridge is a College town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies about 50 miles north of London....
).

The University grew out of an association of scholars in the city of Cambridge that was formed, early records suggest
University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge , located in Cambridge, England, is the List of oldest universities in continuous operation university in the Anglosphere....
, in 1209 by scholars leaving Oxford
Oxford

Oxford is a City status in the United Kingdom, and the county town of Oxfordshire, in South East England. It has a population of 151,000. The rivers River Cherwell and River Thames run through Oxford and meet south of the city centre....
 after a dispute with local townsfolk there.






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Encyclopedia


The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University), located in Cambridge
Cambridge

The city status in the United Kingdom of Cambridge is a College town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies about 50 miles north of London....
, England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
, is the second-oldest
List of oldest universities in continuous operation

This is a list of the oldest extant universities in the world. To be listed on this page, an educational institution must satisfy the definition of a university at the time of founding; it must have been founded before 1500 or be the oldest university in a region; and it must have been operational without a significant interruption ever sin...
 university in the English-speaking world
Anglosphere

The word Anglosphere describes a concept of a group of anglophone nations which share historical, political, and cultural characteristics rooted in or attributed to the historical experience of the United Kingdom....
. The name is sometimes abbreviated as Cantab. in post-nominals
Post-nominal letters

Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials or post-nominal titles, are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position, educational degree, accreditation, office, or honour....
, a shortened form of Cantabrigiensis (an adjective derived from Cantabrigia, the Latinised form of Cambridge
Cambridge

The city status in the United Kingdom of Cambridge is a College town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies about 50 miles north of London....
).

The University grew out of an association of scholars in the city of Cambridge that was formed, early records suggest
University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge , located in Cambridge, England, is the List of oldest universities in continuous operation university in the Anglosphere....
, in 1209 by scholars leaving Oxford
Oxford

Oxford is a City status in the United Kingdom, and the county town of Oxfordshire, in South East England. It has a population of 151,000. The rivers River Cherwell and River Thames run through Oxford and meet south of the city centre....
 after a dispute with local townsfolk there. The universities of Oxford
University of Oxford

The University of Oxford , located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, is the List of oldest universities in continuous operation in the English-speaking world....
 and Cambridge are often jointly referred to as "Oxbridge
Oxbridge

Oxbridge was originally a fictional composite of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge in England, and the term is now used to refer to them collectively, often with implications of superior intellectual or social status, emphasising the apparent "difficulty" of gaining admission....
." In addition to cultural and practical associations as a historic part of English society, the two universities also have a long history of rivalry
Oxbridge rivalry

The University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge, collectively known as Oxbridge, are the two List of oldest universities in continuous operation universities in UK....
 with each other.

Academically, Cambridge is consistently ranked
Academic Ranking of World Universities

The Academic Ranking of World Universities is compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University?s Institute of Higher Education and includes major institutes of higher education ranked according to a formula that took into account alumni winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals , staff winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals , ?highly-cited researchers...
 in the world's top 5 universities. It has produced 83 Nobel Laureates to date, more than any other university in the world according to some counts.

Organisation


Cambridge is a collegiate university
Collegiate university

A collegiate university is a university whose functions are divided between the central administration of the university and a number of constituent colleges....
, meaning that it is made up of self-governing and independent colleges, each with its own property and income. Most colleges bring together academics and students from a broad range of disciplines (though certain colleges do have particular strengths e.g. Gonville and Caius College
Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge

Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Located in Cambridge, England, in the United Kingdom, the college is often referred to simply as Caius after the College?s second founder John Caius who fashionably Latin the spelling of his name after studying in Italy....
 for Medicine
Medicine

Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
), and within each faculty, school or department within the university, academics from many different colleges will be found.

The Faculties are responsible for ensuring that lectures are given, arranging seminars, performing research and determining the syllabi for teaching, overseen by the General Board. Together with the central administration headed by the Vice-Chancellor
List of Vice-Chancellors of the University of Cambridge

The Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge is the main administrative and academic officer of the university, and is elected by the Regent House for a term of up to seven years....
, they make up the entire Cambridge University. Facilities such as libraries are provided on all these levels: by the University (the Cambridge University Library
Cambridge University Library

The Cambridge University Library is the centrally-administered library of the University of Cambridge in England. It comprises five separate libraries:...
), by the departments (departmental libraries such as the Squire Law Library), and by the individual colleges (all of which maintain a multi-discipline library, generally aimed mainly at their undergraduates).

Colleges

Cam Colls From Johns


All students and many of the academics are attached to colleges, where they live, eat and socialise. It is also the place where students may receive their small group teaching sessions, known as supervisions. Each college appoints its own teaching staff and fellow
Fellow

A fellow in the broadest sense is someone who is an equal or a comrade. Historically, the term fellow was also used to describe a man, particularly by those in the upper social classes....
s in each subject; decides which students to admit, in accordance with University regulations; provides small group teaching sessions, for undergraduates (though lectures are arranged and degrees are awarded by the university); and is responsible for the domestic arrangements and welfare of its own undergraduates, graduates, post-doctoral researchers, and staff in general.

The University of Cambridge currently has 31 colleges, of which three admit only women (Murray Edwards, Newnham
Newnham College, Cambridge

Newnham College is a women's college in the University of Cambridge. It was founded in 1871 by Henry Sidgwick and was the second Cambridge college to admit women, the first being Girton College, Cambridge....
 and Lucy Cavendish
Lucy Cavendish College, Cambridge

Lucy Cavendish College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge with 220 students evenly split between undergraduates and postgraduates over the age of 21....
). The remaining 28 are now mixed, though most were originally all-male. Darwin
Darwin College, Cambridge

Darwin College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge. Standing on the bank of the River Cam adjacent to Queens' College, Cambridge, it was founded in 1964 by three of the University's older colleges Trinity College, Cambridge, Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge and St John's College, Cambridge....
 was the first college to admit both men and women, while Churchill
Churchill College, Cambridge

Churchill College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge and was founded in 1958 as the national and Commonwealth of Nations memorial to Winston Churchill....
 was the first previously all-male colleges to admit female undergraduates in 1972, with Magdalene
Magdalene College, Cambridge

Magdalene College redirects here, see also Magdalen College, OxfordMagdalene College was founded in 1428 as a Benedictine hostel, in time coming to be known as Buckingham College, before being refounded in 1542 as the College of St Mary Magdalene, a constituent college of the University of Cambridge....
 being the last in 1988. Two colleges admit only postgraduates (Clare Hall
Clare Hall, Cambridge

Clare Hall is a College for Advanced Study in the University of Cambridge.Informality is a defining value at Clare Hall and this contributes to its unique character....
 and Darwin
Darwin College, Cambridge

Darwin College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge. Standing on the bank of the River Cam adjacent to Queens' College, Cambridge, it was founded in 1964 by three of the University's older colleges Trinity College, Cambridge, Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge and St John's College, Cambridge....
), and four more admit mature student
Mature student

An adult student in tertiary education is normally classified as an student who is at least 25 years old at the start of their course, or in the Irish case on the first of January of the year of entry, and usually having been away from school for at least two years....
s (i.e. 21 years or older on date of matriculation) or graduate students (Hughes Hall
Hughes Hall, Cambridge

Hughes Hall is the oldest College for graduate and mature students in the University of Cambridge. It was originally founded in 1885 as the Cambridge Training College for women and the principal was Miss Elizabeth Phillips Hughes....
, Lucy Cavendish
Lucy Cavendish College, Cambridge

Lucy Cavendish College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge with 220 students evenly split between undergraduates and postgraduates over the age of 21....
, St Edmund’s
St Edmund's College, Cambridge

Saint Edmund's College is a college of the University of Cambridge. It was founded in 1896 as a residential hall of residence by Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 15th Duke of Norfolk and Baron Anatole von H?gel....
 and Wolfson
Wolfson College, Cambridge

Wolfson College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge. Wolfson College was founded in 1965 as the ?University College?, but changed its name to Wolfson College in 1972 in recognition of the generous benefaction of the Wolfson Foundation....
). The other 25 colleges admit both undergraduate and postgraduate students. Colleges are not required to admit students in all subjects, with some colleges choosing not to offer subjects such as architecture
Architecture

The term architecture can refer to a process, a profession or documentation.As a process, architecture is the activity of designing and construction buildings and other physical structures by a person or a computer, primarily to provide shelter....
, history of art
History of art

The history of art usually refers to the history of the visual arts of painting, sculpture and architecture as well as architecture. It is the history of one of the fine arts, others of which are the performing arts and literary arts....
 or theology
Theology

Theology is the study of the existence or attributes of a deity or gods, or more generally the study of religion or spirituality. It is sometimes contrasted with religious studies: theology is understood as the study of religion from an internal perspective , and religious studies as the study of religion from an external perspective....
, but most offer close to the complete range. Some colleges maintain a bias towards certain subjects, for example with Churchill
Churchill College, Cambridge

Churchill College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge and was founded in 1958 as the national and Commonwealth of Nations memorial to Winston Churchill....
 leaning towards the science
Science

In its broadest sense, science refers to any systematic knowledge or practice. In its more usual restricted sense, science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge based on scientific method, as well as to the organized body of knowledge gained through such research....
s and engineering
Engineering

Engineering is the discipline and profession of applying Technology and science knowledge and utilizing natural laws and physical resources in order to design and implement materials, structures, machines, devices, systems, and process that safely realize a desired objective and meet specified criteria....
, while others such as St Catharine's College
St Catharine's College, Cambridge

St Catharine?s College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge. It is often referred to informally by its nickname ?Catz?....
 aim for a balanced intake. Costs to students (accommodation and food prices) vary considerably from college to college. Others maintain much more informal reputations, such as for the students of Kings College to hold left-wing and Liberal political views, or Robinson College's attempts to minimise its environmental impact.

There are also several theological colleges in Cambridge, (for example Westminster College
Westminster College, Cambridge

Westminster College in Cambridge is a theological college of the United Reformed Church, formerly the Presbyterian Church in England. Its principal purpose is the training of clergy for ordination, but is also used more widely for training within the denomination....
 and Ridley Hall Theological College
Ridley Hall, Cambridge

Ridley Hall is a theological college in Cambridge in the United Kingdom which trains intending Minister of religion for the Church of England and other churches....
) that are loosely affiliated with the university through the Cambridge Theological Federation
Cambridge Theological Federation

The Cambridge Theological Federation is an association of Seminary, courses and houses based in Cambridge. The Federation offers several joint theological programmes of study open to students in member institutions; these programmes are either validated by or are taught on behalf of two universities situated in Cambridge: the University of...
.

Schools, Faculties, and Departments

In addition to the 31 colleges, the University is made up of over 150 Departments, Faculties, Schools, Syndicates and other institutions. Members of these are usually also members of one (or more) of the colleges, and responsibility for running the entire academic programme of the University is divided amongst them.

A 'School' in the University of Cambridge is a broad administrative grouping of related subjects, each covering a specified group of Faculties. Each has an elected supervisory body—The Council of the School—comprising representatives of the constituent Faculties and Departments in each School. There are six Schools:

  • Arts and Humanities
  • Biological Sciences, including Veterinary Medicine
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Humanities and Social Sciences
  • Physical Sciences
  • Technology


Teaching and research in Cambridge is organised by Faculties. The Faculties have different organisational sub-structures which partly reflect their history and partly their operational needs, which may include a number of Departments and other institutions. In addition, a small number of bodies entitled Syndicates have responsibilities for teaching and research, exercising powers similar in effect to those of Faculty Boards. Examples are Cambridge Assessment, the University Press, and the University Library.

Central administration


The Chancellor and Vice-Chancellor
The current Chancellor
Chancellor (education)

A Chancellor is the head of a university. Other titles are sometimes used, such as President or Rector.In most Commonwealth of Nations nations, the Chancellor is usually a Titular ruler non-resident head, often with a Pro-Chancellor as practical Chairman of the governing body ; the actual chief executive of a university is the V...
 of the University is the Duke of Edinburgh
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh

The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh is the husband of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom since 20 November 1947, and her prince consort since 6 February 1952....
. The current Vice-Chancellor
Vice-Chancellor

A Vice-Chancellor of a university in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, India other Commonwealth of Nations countries, and some universities in Hong Kong, is the chief executive of the University....
 is Alison Richard. The office of Chancellor, which is held for life, is mainly ceremonial, while the Vice-Chancellor is de facto the principal academic and administrative officer. The University's internal governance is carried out almost entirely by its own members, with no external representation on its governing body, the Regent House
Regent House

The Regent House is the name given to the official governing body of the University of Cambridge. It consists of most academic and academic-related staff of the University's colleges and departments, and currently has over 3000 members....
 (though there is external representation on the Audit Committee, and there are four external members on the University's Council
Cambridge University Council

The Council of the University of Cambridge is its principal executive and policy making body, having responsibility for the administration of the University, for the planning of its work, and for the management of its resources.....
).

The Senate and the Regent House
The Senate consists of all holders of the MA degree or higher degrees. It elects the Chancellor and the High Steward, and it elected Members to the House of Commons
British House of Commons

The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the British monarchy and the House of Lords ....
 for the Cambridge University constituency
Cambridge University (UK Parliament constituency)

Cambridge University was a university constituency electing two members to the British House of Commons, from 1603 to 1950....
 until their abolition in 1950, but otherwise it has not had a major role since 1926, before which it fulfilled all the functions which the Regent House fulfils today, and was the University's governing body, just as the Regent House is today.

The Regent House is the University's governing body, a direct democracy comprising all resident senior members of the University and the Colleges, together with the Chancellor, the High Steward
High Steward (academia)

The High Steward in the universities of University of Oxford and University of Cambridge is a once important but now largely ceremonial university official....
, the Deputy High Steward, and the Commissary.

The Council and the General Board
Although the University Council
Cambridge University Council

The Council of the University of Cambridge is its principal executive and policy making body, having responsibility for the administration of the University, for the planning of its work, and for the management of its resources.....
 is the principal executive and policy-making body of the University, therefore, it must report and be accountable to the Regent House through a variety of checks and balances. It has the right of reporting to the University, and is obliged to advise the Regent House on matters of general concern to the University. It does both of these by causing notices to be published by authority in the Cambridge University Reporter
Cambridge University Reporter

The Cambridge University Reporter, founded in 1870, is the official journal of record of the University of Cambridge. It appears within the University and online every Wednesday during Full Term, carrying notices of all University business....
, the official journal of the University. Since January 2005, the membership of the Council has included two external members, and the Regent House voted for an increase from two to four in the number of external members in March 2008, and this was approved by Her Majesty the Queen in July 2008.

The General Board of the Faculties is responsible for the academic and educational policy of the University, and is accountable to the Council for its management of these affairs.

Faculty Boards are responsible to the General Board; other Boards and Syndicates are responsible either to the General Board (if primarily for academic purposes) or to the Council. In this way, the various arms of the University are kept under the supervision of the central administration, and thus the Regent House.

Finances

In late 2006, the total financial endowment of the university and the colleges was estimated at £4.1 billion (US$8.2 billion): £1.2 billion tied directly to the university, £2.9 billion to the colleges. This endowment is arguably the largest in Europe. Oxford (including its colleges) is possibly ranked second, having reported an endowment valued at £3.9bn in mid-2006. The Central European University
Central European University

Central European University is a United States- and Hungary-licensed and accredited university based in Budapest, Hungary.Concentrating on the social sciences and humanities, the university pursues a mission of achieving excellence in teaching, research and policy in order to become a change-maker in the region and beyond....
 in Budapest
Budapest

Budapest is the Capitals of Hungary of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it serves as the country's principal political, cultural, commerce, Industry, and transportation center and is considered an important hub in Central Europe....
 has the third largest endowment, with an estimated €400 million in 2005. Each college is an independent charitable institution with its own endowment, separate from that of the central university endowment.

If ranked on a US university endowment table using figures reported in 2006, Cambridge would rank sixth or seventh (depending on whether one includes the University of Texas System
University of Texas System

The University of Texas System comprises fifteen educational institutions in Texas, of which nine are for academy university and six are health institutions....
 – which incorporates nine full scale universities and six health institutions), or fourth in a ranking compared with only the eight Ivy League
Ivy League

The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of university in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group....
 institutions.

Comparisons between Cambridge's endowment and those of other top US universities are however inaccurate because being a state-funded public university, Cambridge receives a major portion of its income through education and research grants from the British Government. In 2006, it was reported that approximately one third of Cambridge’s income comes from UK government funding for teaching and research, with another third coming from other research grants. Endowment income contributes around 6%.

Benefactions and Fundraising

In 2000, Bill Gates
Bill Gates

William Henry "Bill" Gates III is an United States business magnate, philanthropist, author, the List of the 100 wealthiest people , and chairman of the board of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen....
 of Microsoft
Microsoft

Microsoft Corporation is a multinational corporation computer technology corporation that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of computer software products for computing devices....
 donated US$210 million through the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to endow the Gates Scholarships for students from outside the UK seeking postgraduate study at Cambridge. The University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory
University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory

The Computer Laboratory is the computer science department of the University of Cambridge. As of 2007, it employs 35 academic staff, 25 support staff, 35 affiliated research staff, and about 155 research students....
, which taught the world’s first computing course in 1953, is housed in a building partly funded by Gates and named after his grandfather, William Gates.

In 2005, the Cambridge 800th Anniversary Campaign was launched, aimed at raising £1 billion by 2012—the first US-style university fundraising campaign in Europe. £800 million of funds have been secured to date.

University activities


Fitzwilliammuseum

Research


Cambridge University has research departments and teaching faculties in most academic disciplines. Cambridge tends to have a slight bias towards scientific
Science

In its broadest sense, science refers to any systematic knowledge or practice. In its more usual restricted sense, science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge based on scientific method, as well as to the organized body of knowledge gained through such research....
 subjects, but it also has a number of strong humanities
Humanities

The humanities are academic disciplines which study the human condition, using methods that are primarily analytic, critical, or speculative, as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural science and social sciences....
 and social science
Social sciences

The social sciences comprise academic disciplines concerned with the study of the social life of human groups and individuals including anthropology, communication studies, economics, human geography, history, political science, psychology and sociology....
 faculties. All research and lectures are conducted by University Departments. The colleges are in charge of giving or arranging most supervisions, student accommodation, and funding most extracurricular activities. During the 1990s Cambridge added a substantial number of new specialist research laboratories on several University sites around the city, and major expansion continues on a number of sites.

Cambridge is a member of the Russell Group
Russell Group

The Russell Group is a collaboration of twenty Universities in the United Kingdom that receive two-thirds of universities' research grant and contract funding in the United Kingdom....
, a network of research-led British universities; the Coimbra Group
Coimbra Group

The Coimbra Group is a network of European universities that gathers 38 universities, some of which are among the oldest and most prestigious in Europe....
, an association of leading European universities; the League of European Research Universities
League of European Research Universities

According to its mission statement, the League of European Research Universities is "a group of European research-intensive university committed to the values of high quality teaching within an environment of internationally competitive research."...
; and the International Alliance of Research Universities
International Alliance of Research Universities

The International Alliance of Research Universities was launched in January 2006 as a leading co-operative network of 10 leading, international research-intensive universities....
. It is also considered part of the "Golden Triangle"
Golden Triangle (UK universities)

Golden Triangle is a term used to describe a number of leading United Kingdom research university based in London, Oxford and Cambridge.The University of Cambridge in the city of Cambridge and the University of Oxford in the city of Oxford form two corners of the triangle....
, a geographical concentration of UK university research.

Building on its reputation for enterprise, science and technology, Cambridge has a partnership with MIT in the United States, the Cambridge–MIT Institute.

Teaching


Cam Degree Ceremony
The principal method of teaching at Cambridge colleges
Colleges of the University of Cambridge

This is a list of the colleges within the University of Cambridge. These Colleges within UK Universities are the primary source of accommodation for Undergraduate education#British System and Bachelor's degree or highers at the University of Cambridge and at the undergraduate level have responsibility for admitting students and organising th...
 is the supervision. These are typically weekly hour-long sessions in which small groups of students—usually between one and three—meet with a member of the university's teaching staff or a doctoral student. Students are normally required to complete an essay or assignment in advance of the supervision, which they will discuss with the supervisor during the session, along with any concerns or difficulties they have had with the material presented in that week's lectures. Lectures at Cambridge are often described as being almost a mere 'bolt-on' to these supervisions. Students typically receive two or three supervisions per week. This pedagogical
Pedagogy

Pedagogy , or paedagogy is the art or science of being a teacher. The term generally refers to strategies of instruction, or a style of instruction....
 system is often cited as being unique to Cambridge and Oxford
University of Oxford

The University of Oxford , located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, is the List of oldest universities in continuous operation in the English-speaking world....
 (where “supervisions” are known as “tutorials”)

The concept of grading
Grade (education)

In education, a grade is a teacher's standardized evaluation of a student's work. In some countries, evaluations can be expressed quantifiably, and calculated into a numeric grade point average , which is used as a metrics by employers and others to assess and compare students....
 students' work quantitatively was developed by a tutor named William Farish at the University of Cambridge in 1792.

Admissions

Trinitycollegecamgreatcourt
The application system to Cambridge and Oxford
University of Oxford

The University of Oxford , located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, is the List of oldest universities in continuous operation in the English-speaking world....
 often involves additional requirements, with candidates typically called to face-to-face interviews.

How applicants perform in the interview process is an important factor in determining which students are accepted. Most applicants are expected to be predicted at least three A-grade A-level qualifications relevant to their chosen undergraduate course, or equivalent overseas qualifications. Due to a very high proportion of applicants receiving the highest school grades, the interview process is crucial for distinguishing between the most able candidates. In 2006, 5,228 students who were rejected went on to get 3 A levels or more at grade A, representing about 63% of all applicants rejected. The interview is performed by College Fellows, who evaluate candidates on unexamined factors such as potential for original thinking and creativity. For exceptional candidates, a Matriculation Offer is sometimes offered, requiring only two A-levels at grade E or above—Christ's College
Christ's College, Cambridge

Christ?s College is one of the Colleges of the University of Cambridge of the University of Cambridge. With a reputation for its high academic standards it has consistently finished in the top ten colleges in the Tompkins Table....
 is unusual in making this offer to about one-third of successful candidates, in order to relieve very able candidates of some pressure in their final 'A level' year (or equivalent), although this is now quite uncommon.

In recent years, admissions tutors in certain subjects have required applicants to sit the more difficult STEP papers
Sixth Term Examination Paper

Sixth Term Examination Papers in Mathematics, often referred to as STEP , are examinations set in the United Kingdom by the University of Cambridge and the University of Warwick to assess applicants for their undergraduate mathematics courses....
, tuition for which is not normally provided by British schools outside the private or independent sector, in addition to achieving top grades in their A-levels or International Baccalaureate diplomas. For example, almost every college requires 1,2, and a significant number requiring 1,1, or better in the 2 STEP Papers as well as A grades at A-levels including A-level Mathematics and Further Mathematics in order to be considered for entry for the Mathematical Tripos. Between one-half and two-thirds of those who apply with the required grades are given offers of a place.

Public debate in the United Kingdom continues over whether admissions processes at Oxford and Cambridge are entirely merit based and fair; whether enough students from state schools are encouraged to apply to Cambridge; and whether these students succeed in gaining entry. Almost half of all successful applicants come from independent schools. However, the average qualifications for successful applicants from state schools are slightly lower than the average qualification of successful applicants from private schools . Critics have argued that the lack of state school applicants with the required grades applying to Cambridge and Oxford has had a negative impact on Oxbridge’s
Oxbridge

Oxbridge was originally a fictional composite of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge in England, and the term is now used to refer to them collectively, often with implications of superior intellectual or social status, emphasising the apparent "difficulty" of gaining admission....
 reputation for many years, and the University has encouraged pupils from state schools to apply for Cambridge to help redress the imbalance. Others counter that government pressure to increase state school admissions constitutes inappropriate social engineering
Social engineering (political science)

Social engineering is a concept in political science that refers to efforts to influence popular attitudes and social behavior on a large scale, whether by governments or private groups....
. The proportion of undergraduates drawn from independent schools has dropped over the years, and such applicants now form only a significant minority (42.1%) of the intake. In 2005, 32% of the 3599 applicants from independent schools were admitted to Cambridge, as opposed to 24% of the 6674 applications from state schools. In 2008 the University of Cambridge received a gift of £4m to improve its accessibility to candidates from maintained schools.

Graduate admission is first decided by the faculty or department relating to the applicant’s subject. This effectively guarantees admission to a college - though not necessarily the applicant’s preferred choice.

Publishing

The University’s publishing arm, the Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press is a printer and publisher granted a Royal Letters Patent by Henry VIII of England in 1534. It is the world's oldest continually operating book publisher....
, is the oldest printer and publisher in the world.

Public Examinations

The University set up its Local Examination Syndicate in 1858. Today, the Syndicate, which is known as Cambridge Assessment, is Europe’s largest assessment agency and it plays a leading role in researching, developing and delivering assessments across the globe.

Sport and other extracurricular activities


Cambridge maintains a long tradition of student participation in sport and recreation. Rowing is a particularly popular sport at Cambridge, and there are competitions between colleges, notably the bumps race
Bumps race

A bumps race is a form of rowing race in which a number of boats chase each other in single file; each boat attempts to catch the boat in front without being caught by the boat behind....
s, and against Oxford, the Boat Race. There are also Varsity match
Varsity match

A varsity match is a sport fixture between two university rivals....
es against Oxford in many other sports, ranging from cricket
Cricket

Cricket is a Bat-and-ball games team sport that originated in southern England. The earliest definite reference is dated 1598, and it is now played in more than 100 countries....
 and rugby
Rugby union

Rugby union is a competitive outdoor contact sport, played with an oval ball, by two teams of 15 players. It is one of the two main codes of rugby football, the other being rugby league....
, to chess
Chess

Chess is a recreational and competitive game played between two Player . Sometimes called Western chess or international chess to distinguish it from History of chess and other chess variants, the current form of the game emerged in Southern Europe during the second half of the 15th century after evolving from similar, much older...
 and tiddlywinks
Tiddlywinks

Tiddlywinks is an indoor game played with sets of small discs called "winks" lying on a surface, usually a flat mat. Players use a larger disc called a "squidger" to pop a wink into flight by pressing down on one side of the wink....
. Athletes representing the university in certain sports entitle them to apply for a Cambridge Blue at the discretion of the Blues Committee, consisting of the captains of the thirteen most prestigious sports. There is also the self-described “unashamedly elite” Hawks’ Club
Hawks' Club

The Hawks' Club is a members-only Gentlemen's club for sportsmen at the University of Cambridge. It was founded in 1872....
, which is for men only, whose membership is usually restricted to Cambridge Full Blues and Half Blues.

The Cambridge Union serves as a focus for debating. Drama societies notably include the Amateur Dramatic Club (ADC)
Cambridge University Amateur Dramatic Club

Founded in 1855, the Amateur Dramatic Club is the oldest University dramatic society in England - and the largest dramatic society in Cambridge....
 and the comedy club Footlights
Footlights

Cambridge University Footlights Dramatic Club, commonly referred to simply as the Footlights, is an amateur theatrical club in Cambridge, England, run by the students of University of Cambridge and now also the Anglia Ruskin University....
, which are known for producing well-known showbusiness personalities. Student newspapers include the long-established Varsity and its younger rival, The Cambridge Student
The Cambridge Student

The Cambridge Student, commonly known as TCS, is the younger of University of Cambridge's student newspapers . The newspaper is owned and published by the Cambridge University Students' Union but is editorially independent....
.
The student-run radio station, CUR1350
CUR1350

CUR1350 is a student-run radio station at the University of Cambridge. The station broadcasts on a mediumwave frequency of 1350 kHz and online, from a studio located in the basement of a house owned by Churchill College, Cambridge....
, promotes broadcast journalism.

History

Roger of Wendover
Roger of Wendover

Roger of Wendover , probably a native of Wendover in Buckinghamshire, was an England English historians in the Middle Ages of the 13th century. At some uncertain date he became a monk at St Albans Abbey; afterwards he was appointed prior of the cell of Belvoir, but he forfeited this dignity in the early years of Henry III of England, having b...
 wrote that the University of Cambridge could trace its origins to a crime committed in 1209. Although not always a reliable source, the detail given in his contemporaneous writings lends them credence.

Two Oxford scholars were convicted of the murder or manslaughter of a woman and were hanged by the town authorities with the assent of the King. In protest at the hanging, the University of Oxford
University of Oxford

The University of Oxford , located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, is the List of oldest universities in continuous operation in the English-speaking world....
 went into voluntary suspension, and scholars migrated to a number of other locations, including the pre-existing school at Cambridge (Cambridge had been recorded as a “school” rather than university when John Grim held the office of Master there in 1201). These exile Oxford scholars (post-graduate researchers by present day terminology) started Cambridge’s life as a university in 1209.

Cambridge’s status was enhanced by a charter in 1231 from King Henry II of England
Henry II of England

Henry II, called Curtmantle ruled as King of England , Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Count of Nantes, Lord of Ireland and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland and western France....
  which awarded the ius non trahi extra (a right to discipline its own members) plus some exemption from taxes, and a bull
Papal bull

A Papal bull is a particular type of letters patent or charter issued by a pope. It is named after the bulla that was appended to the end to authenticate it....
 in 1233 from Pope Gregory IX
Pope Gregory IX

Pope Gregory IX, born Ugolino di Conti, was pope from March 19, 1227 to August 22, 1241.The successor of Pope Honorius III , he fully inherited the traditions of Pope Gregory VII and of his uncle Pope Innocent III , and zealously continued their policy of Papal supremacy....
 that gave graduates from Cambridge the right to teach everywhere in Christendom.

After Cambridge was described as a studium generale
Studium Generale

Studium Generale is the old name for a medieval university which was registered as an institution of international excellence by the Holy Roman Empire....
 in a letter by Pope Nicholas IV
Pope Nicholas IV

Pope Nicholas IV , born Girolamo Masci, was Pope from February 22, 1288 to April 4, 1292. A Franciscan monk, he had been papal legate to the Greeks under Pope Gregory X in 1272, succeeded Bonaventure as general of his order in 1274, was made Cardinal Priest of Santa Prassede and Latin Patriarch of Constantinople by Pope Nicholas III ,...
 in 1290, and confirmed as such in a bull by Pope John XXII
Pope John XXII

Pope John XXII , born Jacques Du?ze , was pope from 1316 to 1334. He was the second Pope of the Avignon Papacy , elected by a Papal conclave in Lyon assembled by Philip V of France....
 in 1318, it became common for researchers from other European medieval universities to come and visit Cambridge to study or to give lecture courses.

Foundation of the Colleges

Kingscollegechapelwest
Cambridge’s colleges were originally an incidental feature of the system. No college is as old as the university itself. The colleges were endowed fellowships of scholars. There were also institutions without endowments, called hostels. The hostels were gradually absorbed by the colleges over the centuries, but they have left some indicators of their time, such as the name of Garret Hostel Lane.

Hugh Balsham, Bishop of Ely
Bishop of Ely

The Bishop of Ely is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Ely in the Province of Canterbury.The diocese roughly covers the county of Cambridgeshire , together with a section of north-west Norfolk and has its Episcopal see in the Ely, Cambridgeshire, where the seat is located at the Ely Cathedral....
, founded Peterhouse
Peterhouse, Cambridge

Peterhouse is the oldest college in the University of Cambridge. It was founded in 1284 by Hugo de Balsham, Bishop of Ely. Peterhouse has 284 undergraduates, 130 graduate students and 45 fellows, making it the smallest University_of_Cambridge/Colleges in Cambridge, except for certain colleges that admit only women, graduates, or mature studen...
 in 1284, Cambridge’s first college. Many colleges were founded during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, but colleges continued to be established throughout the centuries to modern times, although there was a gap of 204 years between the founding of Sidney Sussex
Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge

Sidney Sussex College was founded in 1596 and named after its foundress, Frances Sidney, Countess of Sussex. It is one of the 31 Colleges that make up the University of Cambridge....
 in 1596 and Downing
Downing College, Cambridge

Downing College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom....
 in 1800. The most recent college established is Robinson
Robinson College, Cambridge

Robinson College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge.It was founded after the British philanthropist David Robinson offered the university ?17 million to establish a new college in Cambridge; this is still one of the largest donations ever accepted by the university....
, built in the late 1970s. However, Hughes Hall
Hughes Hall, Cambridge

Hughes Hall is the oldest College for graduate and mature students in the University of Cambridge. It was originally founded in 1885 as the Cambridge Training College for women and the principal was Miss Elizabeth Phillips Hughes....
 only achieved full university college status in April 2007, making it the newest full college.

In medieval times, colleges were founded so that their students would pray
Prayer

Prayer is the act of communicating with a deity or spirit in worship. Specific forms of this may include praise, requesting divine providence, confessing sins, as an act of reparation or an expression of one's emotional expression....
 for the soul
Soul

In many religions and parts of philosophy, the soul is the immaterial part of a person. It is usually thought to consist of one's thoughts and Personality psychology, and can be synonymous with the spirit, mind or self....
s of the founders. For that reason they were often associated with chapel
Chapel

A chapel is a building used as a place for fellowship and of worship for Christians. It may be attached to an institution such as a large Church , a college, a hospital, a palace, a prison or a cemetery, or may be an entirely free-standing building, sometimes with its own grounds....
s or abbey
Abbey

An abbey , is a Christianity monastery or convent, under the government of an Abbot or an Abbess, who serves as the spiritual father or mother of the community....
s. A change in the colleges’ focus occurred in 1536 with the dissolution of the monasteries
Dissolution of the Monasteries

The Dissolution of the Monasteries, sometimes referred to as the Suppression of the Monasteries, denotes the administrative and legal processes between 1536 and 1541 by which Henry VIII of England disbanded all monastery, nunnery and friary in England, Wales and Ireland; appropriated their income, disposed of their assets and provided f...
. King Henry VIII
Henry VIII of England

Henry VIII was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was also Lordship of Ireland and claimant to the Early Modern France. Henry was the second monarch of the House of Tudor, succeeding his father, Henry VII of England....
 ordered the university to disband its Faculty of Canon Law and to stop teaching “scholastic philosophy”. In response, colleges changed their curricula away from canon law and towards the classics
Classics

Classics is the branch of the Humanities comprising the languages, literature, philosophy, history, art, and other culture of the ancient Mediterranean World; especially Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome during Classical Antiquity ....
, the Bible
Bible

The Bible is the central religious text of Judaism and Christianity. The exact Books of the Bible is dependent on the religious traditions of specific denominations....
, and mathematics
Mathematics

Mathematics is the study of quantity, structure, space, change, and related topics of pattern and form. Mathematicians seek out patterns whether found in numbers, space, natural science, computers, imaginary abstractions, or elsewhere....
.

Mathematics

From the time of Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton

Sir Isaac Newton, Fellow of the Royal Society was an English people physicist, mathematician, Astronomy, Natural philosophy, Alchemy, and Theology and one of the the 100 in human history....
 in the later 17th century until the mid-19th century, the university maintained a strong emphasis on mathematics. Study of this subject was compulsory for graduation, and students were required to take an exam for the Bachelor of Arts
Bachelor of Arts

Bachelor of Arts , from the Latin language Artium Baccalaureus, is an Undergraduate education bachelor's degree awarded for either a course or a program in either the liberal arts, the sciences or both....
 degree, the main first degree at Cambridge in both arts and science subjects. This exam is known as a Tripos
TRIPOS

TRIPOS is a computer operating system. Development started in 1976 at the Computer Laboratory of University of Cambridge and it was headed by Dr....
.

Students awarded first-class honours
British undergraduate degree classification

The British undergraduate degree classification system is a grade scheme for undergraduate degrees in the United Kingdom. The system has been applied in other countries, such as India, the Republic of Ireland, Kenya, South Africa, Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Australia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Malta and Canada....
 after completing the mathematics Tripos were named wranglers. The Cambridge Mathematical Tripos
Cambridge Mathematical Tripos

The Mathematical Tripos is the taught mathematics course at the University of Cambridge. It is the oldest Tripos that is examined in Cambridge....
 was competitive and helped produce some of the most famous names in British science, including James Clerk Maxwell
James Clerk Maxwell

James Clerk Maxwell was a Scotland Mathematical physics. His most significant achievement was the development of the classical electromagnetic theory, synthesizing all previous unrelated observations, experiments and equations of electricity, magnetism and even optics into a consistent theory....
, Lord Kelvin
William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin

William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin , Order of Merit , Royal Victorian Order, Privy Council of the United Kingdom, Presidents of the Royal Society, Royal Society of Edinburgh, was an Ireland-born United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Mathematical physics and engineer....
, and Lord Rayleigh
John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh

John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh Order of Merit was an England physicist who, with William Ramsay, discovered the element argon, an achievement for which he earned the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1904....
. However, some famous students, such as G. H. Hardy
G. H. Hardy

G. H. Hardy Fellow of the Royal Society was a prominent England mathematics, known for his achievements in number theory and mathematical analysis....
, disliked the system, feeling that people were too interested in accumulating marks in exams and not interested in the subject itself.

Although diversified in its research and teaching interests, Cambridge today maintains its strength in mathematics. The Isaac Newton Institute
Isaac Newton Institute

Opened in 1992, the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences is a national and international visitor research institute for mathematics and theoretical physics....
, part of the university, is widely regarded as the UK’s national research institute for mathematics and theoretical physics. Cambridge alumni have won eight Fields Medal
Fields Medal

The Fields Medal is a prize awarded to two, three, or four mathematicians not over 40 years of age at each International Congress of Mathematicians of the International Mathematical Union, a meeting that takes place every four years....
s and one Abel Prize
Abel Prize

The Abel Prize is an international prize presented annually by the King of Norway to one or more outstanding mathematicians. The prize is named after Norwegian people mathematician Niels Henrik Abel ....
 for mathematics. The University also runs a special Certificate of Advanced Studies in Mathematics course.

Contributions to the advancement of science


Many of the most important scientific discoveries and revolutions were made by Cambridge alumni. These include:

  • Understanding the scientific method
    Scientific method

    Scientific method refers to techniques for investigating phenomenon, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge. To be termed scientific, a method of inquiry must be based on gathering observable, empirical and Measure evidence subject to specific principles of reasoning....
    , by Francis Bacon
    Francis Bacon

    Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban King's Counsel , son of Nicholas Bacon by his second wife Anne Bacon, was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, lawyer, jurist, and author....
  • The laws of motion
    Newton's laws of motion

    Newton's laws of motion are three physical laws that form the basis for classical mechanics, Direct relationship the forces acting on a Physical body to the motion of the body....
    , by Sir Isaac Newton
  • The discovery of the electron
    Electron

    The electron is a subatomic particle that carries a negative electric charge. It has elementary particle and is believed to be a point particle....
    , by J. J. Thomson
    J. J. Thomson

    Sir Joseph John ?J.J.? Thomson, Order of Merit , Fellow of the Royal Society was a United Kingdom physicist and Nobel laureate, credited for the discovery of the electron and of isotopes, and the invention of the mass spectrometer....
  • The splitting of the atom
    Atomic nucleus

    The nucleus of an atom is the very dense region, consisting of nucleons , at the center of an atom. Although the size of the nucleus varies considerably according to the mass of the atom, the size of the entire atom is comparatively constant....
     by Sir John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton
    Ernest Walton

    Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton was an Ireland physicist and Nobel Prize for Physics for his work with John Cockcroft with "atom-smashing" experiments done at Cambridge University in the early 1930s....
  • The unification of electromagnetism
    Electromagnetism

    Electromagnetism is the physics of the electromagnetic field, a field which exerts a force on Elementary particles with the property of electric charge and which is reciprocally affected by the presence and motion of such particles....
    , by James Clerk Maxwell
    James Clerk Maxwell

    James Clerk Maxwell was a Scotland Mathematical physics. His most significant achievement was the development of the classical electromagnetic theory, synthesizing all previous unrelated observations, experiments and equations of electricity, magnetism and even optics into a consistent theory....
  • The discovery of hydrogen
    Hydrogen

    Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
    , by Henry Cavendish
    Henry Cavendish

    Henry Cavendish, Fellow of the Royal Society was a British scientist noted for his discovery of hydrogen or what he called "inflammable air". He described the density of inflammable air, which formed water on combustion, in a 1766 paper "On Factitious Airs"....
  • Evolution
    Evolution

    In biology, evolution is change in the heritability trait of a population of organisms from one generation to the next. These changes are caused by a combination of three main processes: variation, reproduction, and selection....
     by natural selection
    Natural selection

    Natural selection is the process by which favorable heritable trait become more common in successive generations of a population of Reproduction organisms, and unfavorable heritable traits become less common, due to differential reproduction of genotypes....
    , by Charles Darwin
    Charles Darwin

    Charles Robert Darwin Royal Society was an English people natural history who realised and presented compelling evidence that all species of life have evolution over time from common descent, through the process he called natural selection....
  • The Turing machine
    Turing machine

    Turing machines are basic abstract symbol-manipulating devices which, despite their simplicity, can be adapted to simulate the logic of any computer algorithm....
    , a basic model for computation
    Theory of computation

    The theory of computation is the branch of computer science that deals with whether and how efficiently problems can be solved on a model of computation, using an algorithm....
    , by Alan Turing
    Alan Turing

    Alan Mathison Turing, Order of the British Empire, Fellow of the Royal Society was a British mathematician, logician and Cryptanalysis....
  • The structure of DNA
    DNA

    Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetics instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses....
    , by Francis Crick
    Francis Crick

    Francis Harry Compton Crick Order of Merit Royal Society , Ph.D., was a British molecular biology, physics, and neuroscience, and most noted for being one of the co-discoverers of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953....
     and James D. Watson
    James D. Watson

    James Dewey Watson is an American molecular biology, best known as one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA. Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer...


Women’s education

Originally all students were male. The first colleges for women were Girton College
Girton College, Cambridge

Girton College is one of the Colleges of the University of Cambridge of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. The College was established on 16 October 1869 by Emily Davies and Barbara Bodichon, as the first residential Women's college in England....
 (founded by Emily Davies
Emily Davies

Sarah Emily Davies was an English people feminist, suffragist and a pioneering campaigner for women's rights to university access. She was born in Southampton, England to an evangelicalism clergyman and a teacher in 1830, although she spent most of her youth in Gateshead....
) in 1869 and Newnham College
Newnham College, Cambridge

Newnham College is a women's college in the University of Cambridge. It was founded in 1871 by Henry Sidgwick and was the second Cambridge college to admit women, the first being Girton College, Cambridge....
 in 1872 followed by New Hall
New Hall, Cambridge

Murray Edwards College is a women-only college in the University of Cambridge. It was founded as New Hall in 1954, at a time when Cambridge had the lowest proportion of women undergraduates of any university in the UK and when only two other colleges could admit women students....
 in 1954. The first women students were examined in 1882 but attempts to make women full members of the university did not succeed until 1947. Although Cambridge did not give degrees to women until this date women were in fact allowed to study courses, sit examinations, and have their results recorded from the nineteenth century onwards; for a brief period after the turn of the twentieth century, this allowed women to receive ad eundem degrees from the University of Dublin
University of Dublin

The University of Dublin, corporately designated the Chancellor, Doctors and Masters of the University of Dublin , located in Dublin, Republic of Ireland, was effectively founded when in 1592, Queen Elizabeth I of England issued a charter for Trinity College, Dublin as "the mother of a university" - this date making it Ireland's List of...
 (see steamboat ladies
Steamboat ladies

Steamboat ladies was the name given to those female students at the women's colleges of the university of University of Oxford and University of Cambridge who between the years 1904 and 1907 were conferred with ad eundem degree University of Dublin academic degree at Trinity College, Dublin, at a time when their own universities refused t...
). Later, women could be given a “titular degree”; although they were not denied recognised qualifications, without a full degree they were excluded from the governing of the university. Since students must belong to a college, and since established colleges remained closed to women, women found admissions restricted to colleges established only for women. Starting with Churchill College, all of the men’s colleges began to admit women between 1972 and 1988. One women’s college, Girton, also began to admit male students from 1979, but the other women’s colleges did not follow suit. As a result of St Hilda's College, Oxford
St Hilda's College, Oxford

St Hilda's College is one of the Colleges of the University of Oxford of the University of Oxford in England. It was founded in 1893 by Dorothea Beale, who was also a headmistress at Cheltenham Ladies' College....
 ending its ban on male students in 2008, Cambridge is now the only remaining United Kingdom University with colleges which refuse to admit males, with three such institutions in total. In the academic year 2004–5, the university’s student gender ratio, including post-graduates, was male 52%: female 48%.

Myths, legends and traditions


As an institution with such a long history, the University has developed a large number of myths and legends. The vast majority of these are untrue, but have been propagated nonetheless by generations of students and tour guides.

A discontinued tradition is that of the wooden spoon
Wooden spoon (award)

A 'wooden spoon' is a mock or real award, usually given to an individual or team which has come last in a competition, but sometimes also to runners-up....
, the ‘prize’ awarded to the student with the lowest passing grade in the final examinations of the Mathematical Tripos. The last of these spoons was awarded in 1909 to Cuthbert Lempriere Holthouse, an oarsman of the Lady Margaret Boat Club of St John’s College
St John's College, Cambridge

St John's College, an institution known formally as The Master, Fellows and Scholars of the College of St John the Evangelist in the University of Cambridge is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge founded by Lady Margaret Beaufort in 1511....
. It was over one metre in length and had an oar blade for a handle. It can now be seen outside the Senior Combination Room of St John's. Since 1909, results were published alphabetically within class rather than score order. This made it harder to ascertain who the winner of the spoon was (unless there was only one person in the third class), and so the practice was abandoned.

On the other hand, the legend of the Austin 7
Austin 7

The Austin 7 was a vintage car produced from 1922 through to 1939 in the United Kingdom by the Austin Motor Company. It was one of the most popular cars ever produced there and wiped out most other British small cars and cyclecars of the early 1920s, its effect on the British market was similar to that of the Ford Model T Ford in the USA....
 delivery van that ended up on the apex of the Senate House is no myth at all. The Caius College
Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge

Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Located in Cambridge, England, in the United Kingdom, the college is often referred to simply as Caius after the College?s second founder John Caius who fashionably Latin the spelling of his name after studying in Italy....
 website recounts in detail how this vehicle “went up in the world”.

Each Christmas Eve
Christmas Eve

Christmas Eve, December 24, is the night before Christmas Day, which celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ ....
, BBC radio and television broadcasts The Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols
Nine Lessons and Carols

The Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols is a format for a service of Christian worship celebrating the birth of Jesus which is traditionally followed at Christmas....
 by the Choir of King's College, Cambridge
Choir of King's College, Cambridge

The world-famous Choir of King's College, Cambridge is one of today's most accomplished and renowned representatives of the great British choral tradition....
. The radio broadcast has been a national Christmas tradition since it was first transmitted in 1928 (though the festival has existed since 1918). The radio broadcast is carried worldwide by the BBC World Service
BBC World Service

The BBC World Service is one of the most widely recognised international broadcasting, currently broadcasting in 32 languages to many parts of the world via analogue and digital shortwave, internet streaming and podcasting, satellite, FM and MW relays....
 and is also syndicated to hundreds of radio stations in the USA. The first television broadcast of the festival was in 1954.

Reputation


Mathmo Results
Historically, Cambridge University has had an extremely strong reputation for both mathematics and the sciences.

According to UCAS
UCAS

UCAS is a clearing house for applications to almost all full-time undergraduate academic degree at British universities and colleges....
, Cambridge and Oxford are the most academically selective universities in the United Kingdom—there is a special national admissions process which sets Oxbridge
Oxbridge

Oxbridge was originally a fictional composite of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge in England, and the term is now used to refer to them collectively, often with implications of superior intellectual or social status, emphasising the apparent "difficulty" of gaining admission....
 apart from other British universities. Traditionally, Cambridge applicants have had to fill the Cambridge Application Form (CAF) in addition to the UCAS process, although this ended for entry in 2009, being replaced with a more standard supplementary information form, in line with other universities in the UK.

In the last two British Government Research Assessment Exercise
Research Assessment Exercise

The Research Assessment Exercise is an exercise undertaken approximately every 5 years on behalf of the four UK higher education funding councils to evaluate the quality of research undertaken by British higher education institutions....
 in 2001 and 2008 respectively, Cambridge was ranked first in the country. In 2005, it was reported that Cambridge produces more PhDs per year than any other British university (over 30% more than second placed Oxford). In 2006, a Thomson Scientific
Thomson Scientific & Healthcare

Thomson Scientific & Healthcare was a division of the Thomson Corporation until 2006.The division then split into two new divisions: Thomson Scientific and Thomson Healthcare....
 study showed that Cambridge has the highest research paper output of any British university, and is also the top research producer (as assessed by total paper citation count) in 10 out of 21 major British research fields analysed (Imperial College came second, leading in 3 fields). Another study published the same year by Evidence showed that Cambridge won a larger proportion (6.6%) of total British research grants and contracts than any other university (coming first in three out of four broad discipline fields).

The university is also closely linked with the development of the high-tech business cluster in and around Cambridge, which forms the area known as Silicon Fen
Silicon Fen

Silicon Fen is the name given to the region around Cambridge, England, which is home to a large business cluster of high-tech businesses, especially those related to software, electronics, and biotechnology....
 or sometimes the “Cambridge Phenomenon”. In 2004, it was reported that Silicon Fen was the second largest venture capital
Venture capital

Venture capital is a type of private equity capital typically provided to early-stage, high-potential, Growth investing companies in the interest of generating a return through an eventual realization event such as an IPO or mergers and acquisitions of the company....
 market in the world, after Silicon Valley
Silicon Valley

Silicon Valley is the South Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area in Northern California, United States. The term originally referred to the region's large number of Integrated circuit innovators and manufacturers, but eventually came to refer to all the high-tech businesses in the area; it is now generally used as a metonym for the high-tech s...
. Estimates reported in February 2006 suggest that there were about 250 active startup companies
Startup company

A startup company or start-up is a company with a limited operating history. These companies, generally newly created, are in a phase of development and research for markets....
 directly linked with the university, worth around US$6 billion.

League Table Rankings


Year THES - QS World University Rankings
THES - QS World University Rankings

The THE - QS World University Rankings is an annual publication that ranks the "Top 200 World Universities", and is published by Times Higher Education and Quacquarelli Symonds ....
 (World)
Academic Ranking of World Universities
Academic Ranking of World Universities

The Academic Ranking of World Universities is compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University?s Institute of Higher Education and includes major institutes of higher education ranked according to a formula that took into account alumni winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals , staff winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals , ?highly-cited researchers...
 (World)
Times Good University Guide (UK) Guardian University Guide (UK) Sunday Times University Guide (UK) Daily Telegraph (UK)
1993     1      
1994     1      
1995     1      
1996     1      
1997     1      
1998     1   1  
1999     1   1  
2000     1   1  
2001     1   1  
2002     1 1 1 1
2003   5 2 1 1 1
2004   3 2 1 1  
2005 3 2 2 2 1  
2006 2 2 2 1 1  
2007 2 4 2   1 1
2008 3 4 2 2 1  
2009     2 2    


In the 2007 THES-QS rankings, Cambridge was ranked 2nd amongst world universities, behind Harvard
Harvard University

Harvard University is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Massachusetts, United States, and a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1636 by the colonial Massachusetts legislature, Harvard is the Colonial Colleges institution of higher learning in the United States....
. It came in first in the international academic reputation peer review, first in the natural science
Natural science

In science, the term natural science refers to a methodological naturalism approach to the study of the universe, which is understood as obeying rules or law of nature origin....
s, first in biomedicine
Medicine

Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
, first in the arts & humanities
Humanities

The humanities are academic disciplines which study the human condition, using methods that are primarily analytic, critical, or speculative, as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural science and social sciences....
, fourth in the social sciences
Social sciences

The social sciences comprise academic disciplines concerned with the study of the social life of human groups and individuals including anthropology, communication studies, economics, human geography, history, political science, psychology and sociology....
, and sixth in technology
Technology

Technology is a broad concept that deals with an animal species' usage and knowledge of tools and crafts, and how it affects an animal species' ability to control and adapt to its Natural environment....
. In the 2008 Academic Ranking of World Universities
Academic Ranking of World Universities

The Academic Ranking of World Universities is compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University?s Institute of Higher Education and includes major institutes of higher education ranked according to a formula that took into account alumni winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals , staff winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals , ?highly-cited researchers...
 compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Shanghai Jiao Tong University , located in Shanghai, is one of the oldest and most influential universities in People's Republic of China. The university is under the jurisdiction of both the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China and Shanghai Government....
, Cambridge was placed 4th amongst world universities. A 2006 Newsweek
Newsweek

Newsweek is an United States weekly newsmagazine published in New York City. It is distributed throughout the United States and internationally....
 ranking which combined elements of the THES-QS and ARWU rankings with other factors that purportedly evaluated an institution's global "openness and diversity" suggested that Cambridge was ranked 6th in the world overall. In all these surveys, Cambridge was the highest ranked non-US institution.

In the 2008 Sunday Times University Guide, Cambridge was ranked first for the 10th straight year since the guide's first publication in 1998. In the 2008 Times Good University Guide, Cambridge topped 37 of the guide's 61 subject tables, including Law
LAW

LAW may refer to:* Anti-tank warfare, e.g. the US Army M72 LAW or the British Army LAW 80*Palestinian Society for the Protection of Human Rights ...
, Medicine
Medicine

Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
, Economics
Economics

File:Ballard Farmers' Market - vegetables.jpgEconomics is the Social sciences that studies the Production theory basics, Distribution , and Consumption of Good and Service ....
, Mathematics
Mathematics

Mathematics is the study of quantity, structure, space, change, and related topics of pattern and form. Mathematicians seek out patterns whether found in numbers, space, natural science, computers, imaginary abstractions, or elsewhere....
, Engineering
Engineering

Engineering is the discipline and profession of applying Technology and science knowledge and utilizing natural laws and physical resources in order to design and implement materials, structures, machines, devices, systems, and process that safely realize a desired objective and meet specified criteria....
, Physics
Physics

Physics is the natural science which examines basic concepts such as energy, force, and spacetime and all that derives from these, such as mass, charge, matter and its Motion ....
, and Chemistry
Chemistry

Chemistry is the science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions....
 and has the best record on research, entry standards and graduate destinations amongst UK universities. Cambridge was also awarded the University of the Year award.

In the 2009 The Times Good University Guide Subject Rankings, Cambridge was ranked top (or joint top) in 34 out of the 42 subjects which it offers. The overall ranking placed Cambridge in 2nd behind Oxford. The 2009 Guardian University Guide Rankings also place Cambridge 2nd in the UK behind Oxford.

According to new data released in July 2008 by the Thomson ISI Web of Knowledge’s Essential Science Indicators. Cambridge is the 3rd most-cited institution in the UK and the 20th in the world (coming after UCL
UCL

UCL may refer to:* UEFA Champions League, an annual European football competition* Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction, a.k.a. Tommy John surgery...
 the 13th and Oxford the 18th).

Notable alumni


Cambridge University has over the course of its history built up a sizable number of alumni who are notable in their fields, both academic, and in the wider world. Officially, affiliates of Cambridge University have won a total of 83 Nobel Prize
Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prize , established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize in Literature, and Nobel Peace Prize in 1901....
s, more than any other university according to some counts, as well as eight Fields Medal
Fields Medal

The Fields Medal is a prize awarded to two, three, or four mathematicians not over 40 years of age at each International Congress of Mathematicians of the International Mathematical Union, a meeting that takes place every four years....
s.

In addition to a long and distinguished tradition in mathematics and the sciences, Cambridge University has educated 15 British Prime Ministers
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom and the head of government Her Majesty's Government....
, including Robert Walpole
Robert Walpole

Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford, Order of the Garter, Order of the Bath, Privy Council of Great Britain , known before 1742 as Sir Robert Walpole, was a Kingdom of Great Britain statesman who is generally regarded as having been the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom....
 (First Prime Minister of Great Britain). At least twenty-three Heads of State or Heads of Government have attended Cambridge University, including three Prime Ministers of India
Prime Minister of India

The Prime Minister of India is the head of government of the India, and head of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of India, appointed by the President of India to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the Executive in India....
, two Prime Ministers of Singapore
Prime Minister of Singapore

The Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore is the head of government of the Republic of Singapore . As outlined in the recent constitutional amendment in 1991, the prime minister is appointed by the President of Singapore from sitting members of Parliament, who, in the opinion of the president, is most likely to command the confidence of...
, Stanley Bruce
Stanley Bruce

Stanley Melbourne Bruce, 1st Viscount Bruce of Melbourne, Order of the Companions of Honour, Military Cross, Fellow of the Royal Society, Privy Council of the United Kingdom was an Australian politician and diplomat, and the eighth Prime Minister of Australia....
 (Prime Minister of Australia
Prime Minister of Australia

The Prime Minister of Australia is the head of government of the Australia, holding office on commission from the Governor-General of Australia....
) and Margrethe II of Denmark (Queen Regnant of Denmark).

Literature and popular culture


  • In Atonement
    Atonement (novel)

    Atonement is a novel written by British author Ian McEwan. It tells the story of Briony Tallis's terrible mistake and how it changes her, Cecilia Tallis's and Robbie Turner's lives forever, and consequentially her effort to find atonement....
     by Ian McEwan the characters Cecilia and Robbie attended Cambridge
  • Chaucer’s The Reeve’s Tale takes place at Soler Halle. It is believed that this refers to King’s Hall, which later became part of Trinity College.
  • The Glittering Prizes (1976 TV drama) and Oxbridge Blues (1984 TV drama) by Frederic Raphael
    Frederic Raphael

    Frederic Michael Raphael is an American-born, British-educated screenwriter, and also a prolific novelist and journalist....
    .
  • The Longest Journey
    The Longest Journey (novel)

    The Longest Journey is a bildungsroman by E. M. Forster....
     and Maurice
    Maurice (novel)

    Maurice is a novel by E. M. Forster. A tale of homosexual love in early 20th century England, it follows Maurice Hall from his schooldays, through university and beyond....
     by E.M. Forster
  • Still Life by A. S. Byatt
    A. S. Byatt

    Dame Antonia Susan Duffy, Order of the British Empire is an England novelist and poet. She is daughter of His Honour John Frederick Drabble, QC and late Kathleen Marie Bloor and is married to Peter Duffy....
  • Chariots of Fire
    Chariots of Fire

    Chariots of Fire is a United Kingdom film released in 1981 in film. Written by Colin Welland and directed by Hugh Hudson, it is based on the true story of British athletes preparing for and competing in the 1924 Summer Olympics....
    , 1981 film
  • Peter's Friends
    Peter's Friends

    Peter's Friends is a United Kingdom comedy-drama film written by Rita Rudner and her husband Martin Bergman, and directed and produced by Kenneth Branagh....
    , 1992 film
  • The Masters and The Affair
    Strangers and Brothers

    Strangers and Brothers is a series of novels by Charles Percy Snow, published between 1940 and 1974. They deal - amongst other things - with questions of political and personal integrity, and the mechanics of exercising power....
     by C. P. Snow
    C. P. Snow

    Charles Percy Snow, Baron Snow Order of the British Empire was an England physicist and novelist, who also served several important positions in the Government of the United Kingdom....
     (features an unnamed fictional college, partly based on his own college, Christ’s)
  • Porterhouse Blue
    Porterhouse Blue

    Porterhouse Blue is a novel written by Tom Sharpe, first published in 1974. A satirical look at Cambridge life and the struggle between tradition and reform, it tells the story of Skullion, the Head Porter of a List of fictional Cambridge colleges University of Cambridge, Porterhouse College....
     and its sequel Grantchester Grind
    Grantchester Grind

    Grantchester Grind is a novel written by Tom Sharpe, a United Kingdom novelist born in 1928 who was educated at Lancing College and then at Pembroke College, Cambridge....
     by Tom Sharpe
    Tom Sharpe

    Tom Sharpe is an England satire author, born in London and educated at Lancing College and at Pembroke College, Cambridge. After National Service he moved to South Africa in 1951, doing social work and teaching in KwaZulu-Natal Province, until deportation in 1961....
     feature Porterhouse, a fictional Cambridge College.
  • Darkness at Pemberley by T. H. White
    T. H. White

    Terence Hanbury White was an England author best known for his sequence of King Arthur novels, The Once and Future King, first published together in 1958....
  • All Sorts and Conditions of Men by Sir Walter Besant
  • High Table, Lower Orders
    High Table, Lower Orders

    High Table, Lower Orders is a BBC Radio 4 comedy-drama murder mystery written by the late Mark Tavener and set in a fictional University of Cambridge college in crisis....
     BBC Radio comedy serial broadcast in 2005 and 2006 set in a fictional college.
  • The Matthew Bartholomew Chronicles, a series of murder mysteries, by Susanna Gregory
    Susanna Gregory

    Susanna Gregory is the pseudonym of Elizabeth Cruwys, a Cambridge academic who was previously a coroner's officer. She writes detective fiction, and is noted for her series of medieval mysteries featuring Matthew Bartholomew, a teacher of medicine and investigator of murders in 14th-century Cambridge....
  • Avenging Angel, a murder mystery by the philosopher Kwame Anthony Appiah
    Kwame Anthony Appiah

    Kwame Anthony Appiah is a Ghanaian philosopher, Cultural studies, and novelist whose interests include political theory, the philosophy of language and mind, and Intellectual_history#Africa_and_the_Middle_East....
  • Eskimo Day is a 1996 BBC TV drama, written by Jack Rosenthal
    Jack Rosenthal

    Jack Morris Rosenthal Order of the British Empire was an England playwright, who wrote 129 early episodes of the ITV soap opera Coronation Street and over 150 screenplays, including original TV plays, feature films, and adaptations....
    , and starring Maureen Lipman
    Maureen Lipman

    Maureen Diane Lipman Order of the British Empire is a United Kingdom film, theatre and television actor, columnist, and comedian....
    , Tom Wilkinson, and Alec Guinness
    Alec Guinness

    Sir Alec Guinness, Order of the Companions of Honour, Order of the British Empire was an Academy Award for Best Actor winning English actor....
    , about the relationship between parents and teenagers during an admissions interview day at Queens’ College
    Queens' College, Cambridge

    Queens' College is a Colleges of the University of Cambridge of the University of Cambridge. It was first founded in 1448 by Margaret of Anjou , and refounded in 1465 by Elizabeth Woodville ....
    . There was also a 1997 sequel, Cold Enough for Snow.
  • The final episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation
    Star Trek: The Next Generation

    Star Trek: The Next Generation is a science fiction television program created by Gene Roddenberry as part of the Star Trek franchise. Set in the 24th century, about 70 years after Star Trek: The Original Series, the program features a new crew and a new Starship Enterprise....
    , (All Good Things...) features the android character Data
    Data (Star Trek)

    Lieutenant Commander Data , played by Brent Spiner, is a character that appears in all but one episode of the Star Trek: The Next Generation television series and in the four films based on The Next Generation....
     as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics in his Cambridge college rooms. An establishing location shot shows a futuristic version of the Cambridge University skyline around the year 2395.
  • The unaired Doctor Who
    Doctor Who

    Doctor Who is a British Science fiction on television programme produced by the BBC. The programme depicts the adventures of a mysterious alien Time travel known as "Doctor " who travels in his space and time-ship, the TARDIS, which normally appears from the exterior to be a blue 1950s police box....
     episode "Shada
    Shada

    Shada is an unaired serial of the United Kingdom science fiction television series Doctor Who. It was intended to be the final serial of the 1979-80 season , but was never completed due to a Work strike at the BBC during filming....
    " shows the Fourth Doctor
    Fourth Doctor

    The Fourth Doctor is the name given to the fourth Doctor #Changing faces of the fictional character known as Doctor in the long-running BBC Science fiction on television series Doctor Who....
     and his companion Romana
    Romana

    Romana, short for Romanadvoratrelundar, is a fictional character in the long-running United Kingdom science fiction on television series Doctor Who....
     in the fictional St Cedd's College, which was filmed in New Court, Emmanuel College. Footage of the pair punting by the backs from this episode was re-used in the twentieth anniversary episode, The Five Doctors
    The Five Doctors

    The Five Doctors is a special feature-length List of Doctor Who serials of the United Kingdom science fiction television series Doctor Who, produced in celebration of the programme's twentieth anniversary....
    .
  • Civilization
    Civilization (computer game)

    Sid Meier's Civilization is a turn-based strategy Personal computer game created by Sid Meier for Microprose Software, Inc in 1991. The game's objective is "...to build an empire to stand the test of time"....
     - a classic turn-based strategy video game by Sid Meier
    Sid Meier

    Sidney K. Meier is a Canadian game programmer and game designer of several popular video game strategy games who has won accolades for his contributions to the video game industry....
     features “Isaac Newton
    Isaac Newton

    Sir Isaac Newton, Fellow of the Royal Society was an English people physicist, mathematician, Astronomy, Natural philosophy, Alchemy, and Theology and one of the the 100 in human history....
    ’s College” as a Wonder of the World. This could be a reference to Cambridge University as a whole or to Trinity College
    Trinity College, Cambridge

    Trinity College is one of the 31 Colleges of the University of Cambridge of the University of Cambridge. Trinity has more members than any other college in Cambridge or University of Oxford, with around 700 undergraduates, 430 graduate students, and over 160 Fellows; however, counting only the student body it has somewhat fewer than Homert...
     specifically. The video accompanying the wonder in Civilization II
    Civilization II

    Sid Meier's Civilization II, a.k.a. Civ II, is a turn-based strategy computer game designed by Brian Reynolds, Douglas Caspian-Kaufman and Jeff Briggs....
     however, erroneously shows the University of Oxford
    University of Oxford

    The University of Oxford , located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, is the List of oldest universities in continuous operation in the English-speaking world....
    .
  • In many novels and plays by Thomas Bernhard
    Thomas Bernhard

    Thomas Bernhard was an Austria playwright and novelist....
    , Cambridge (Geistesnest) is the refuge of a Geistesmensch escaping from Austria
  • In Tom Stoppard
    Tom Stoppard

    Sir Tom Stoppard Order of Merit , Order of the British Empire, FRSL is a British screenwriter and playwright. He has written plays such as The Coast of Utopia, Arcadia , Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead, and Rock 'n' Roll ....
    's 2006 play Rock 'n Roll
    Rock 'n' Roll (play)

    Rock 'n' Roll is a play by Czech republic-born United Kingdom playwright Tom Stoppard that premiered at the Royal Court Theatre, London, in 2006....
    , Cambridge University is a key setting.
  • In Bob Fosse's 1972 film Cabaret
    Cabaret

    Cabaret is a form of entertainment featuring comedy, song, dance, and theatre, distinguished mainly by the performance venue — a restaurant or nightclub with a stage for performances and the audience sitting at tables watching the performance being introduced by a master of ceremonies, or MC....
    , one of the central characters, Englishman Brian Roberts is a King's College student finishing his German studies in Berlin.
  • In Virginia Woolf's Jacob's Room, the protagonist Jacob Flanders attends Cambridge.
  • In Charles Dicken's 'A Tale of Two Cities', Charles Darnay tutors Cambridge undergraduates in French language and literature.
  • Alan Bennett's
    Alan Bennett

    Alan Bennett is an English author, actor, humorist and playwright....
     2004 play The History Boys
    The History Boys

    The History Boys is a Play by English playwright Alan Bennett. The play premiered at the Royal National Theatre in London on 18 May 2004. Its Broadway debut was on 23 April 2006 at the Broadhurst Theatre where there were 185 performances staged before it closed on 1 October 2006....
     and the 2006 film
    The History Boys (film)

    The History Boys is a British comedy film released in October 2006 in film. It was adapted by Alan Bennett from his Play of the same name, which won the 2005 Olivier Awards for Best New Play and the 2006 Tony Awards for Best Play....
     centre around students in the north of England preparing for the old entrance exams at Cambridge and Oxford in 1983.
  • In Virginia Woolf
    Virginia Woolf

    Adeline Virginia Woolf was an England novelist and essayist, regarded as one of the foremost modernist literature literature figures of the twentieth century....
    's "The Waves", the characters Bernard and Neville both attended Cambridge University.
  • In Stephen Fry
    Stephen Fry

    Stephen John Fry is an England actor, comedian, author and television presenter. With Hugh Laurie, as the comedy double act Fry and Laurie, he co-wrote and co-starred in A Bit of Fry and Laurie, and the duo also played the title roles in Jeeves and Wooster....
    's novels "Making History" and "The Liar", the main characters attend Cambridge University
  • In "Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency" by Douglas Adams
    Douglas Adams

    Douglas Noel Adams was an England author, dramatist and musician. He is best known as the author of the The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy series....
    , much of the action takes place in the fictional Cambridge college of St. Cedds
  • Engleby
    Engleby

    Engleby is a novel by the author Sebastian Faulks....
    , Sebastian Faulks
    Sebastian Faulks

    Sebastian Faulks Commander of the Order of the British Empire Royal Society of Literature is an acclaimed England novelist....
    ' 2007 novel is largely based at a fictionalised version of Cambridge University.


See also

  • List of organisations and institutions associated with the University of Cambridge
    List of organisations and institutions associated with the University of Cambridge

    The following articles or weblinks refer to organisations associated with the University of Cambridge.**Auto-ID Labs*Babraham Institute *Cambridge Assessment ...
  • List of organisations with Royal patronage
  • Primate experiments at Cambridge University
    Primate experiments at Cambridge University

    Cambridge University primate experiments are licensed by the Her Majesty's Government for the purpose of research into brain function. The experiments are controversial, first coming to widespread public attention in the UK following undercover investigations lasting ten months in 1998 by the British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection ,...
  • Cambridge University Students' Union
    Cambridge University Students' Union

    Cambridge University Students' Union is the university-wide representative body for students at the University of Cambridge, England.CUSU was founded as the Cambridge Students' Union in 1971 and formally recognised by the university authorities on May 25, 1984 and renamed, following a student referendum in March 1985, as CUSU - Cambridge...
  • Cambridge University Constabulary
    Cambridge University Constabulary

    The Cambridge University Constabulary is a body of constables based around the precincts of the University of Cambridge. There are approximately 20 to 30 constables in the Constabulary....
  • Medieval university
    Medieval university

    Medieval university is such an institution of higher learning which was established during Gothic art period and is a corporation.The first Europe medieval institutions generally considered to be University were established in Italy, France, and England in the late 11th and the 12th centuries for the study of Liberal arts, law, medicine, a...


External links

  • – a zoomable map linking to all the University departments and colleges