Dame Jane Goodall,
DBEThe Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. The Order includes five classes in civil and military divisions...
(born
Valerie Jane Morris Goodall on 3 April 1934) is an
EnglishEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
UNThe United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and the achieving of world peace...
Messenger of Peace,
primatologistPrimatology is the study of primates. It is a diverse discipline and primatologists can be found in departments of biology, anthropology, psychology and many others. It is a branch of Physical anthropology, which, in itself, studies the genus Homo, especially Homo sapiens...
,
ethologistEthology is the scientific study of animal behavior, and a sub-topic of zoology....
, and
anthropologistAnthropology is the study of human beings, everywhere and throughout time....
. She is well-known for her 45-year study of
chimpanzeeChimpanzee, sometimes colloquially chimp, is the common name for the two extant species of ape in the genus Pan. The Congo River forms the boundary between the native habitat of the two species:...
social and family interactions in Gombe Stream National Park,
TanzaniaThe United Republic of Tanzania is a country in central East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.The United...
, and for founding the
Jane Goodall InstituteThe Jane Goodall Institute founded by English primatologist, Jane Goodall and Genevieve, Princess di San Faustino in 1977. In 1991, JGI launched its most wide-reaching program: Roots & Shoots concerned with making positive change for communities, animals and the environment...
.
Early life and education
Jane Goodall was born in
London[]London is the capital of England and the United Kingdom. It has been a major settlement for two millennia, and the history of London goes back to its founding by the Romans, when it was named Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, the 'square mile', retains its medieval boundaries...
,
EnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
in 1934. As a child she was given a lifelike chimpanzee toy named Jubilee by her father. Goodall was not very interested in animals until her father brought her the stuffed animal. Today, the toy still sits on her dresser in London. After the divorce of her parents when Goodall was 12 years old, she moved with her mother to
BournemouthBournemouth is a large coastal resort town in the Borough of Bournemouth, England. The town has a population of 163,444 according to the 2001 Census, making it the largest settlement in Dorset. It is the largest town on the south coast and the largest settlement between Southampton and Plymouth...
, England.
Goodall's interest in animals prompted notable anthropologist
Louis LeakeyLouis Seymour Bazett Leakey was a Kenyan archaeologist and naturalist whose work was important in establishing human evolutionary development in Africa. He also played a major role in creating organizations for future research in Africa and for protecting wildlife there...
to hire her as his assistant and secretary. He invited her to accompany him and his wife, Mary Leakey, to dig at
Olduvai GorgeThe Olduvai Gorge or Oldupai Gorge is commonly referred to as "The Cradle of Mankind." It is a steep-sided ravine in the Great Rift Valley, which stretches along eastern Africa. Olduvai is in the eastern Serengeti Plains in northern Tanzania and is about long...
in eastern Africa. He asked Goodall to study the chimpanzees of Gombe Stream National Park (then known as 'Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve'). She arrived at Gombe accompanied by her mother in July 1960. Leakey arranged for her to return to the
United KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
where she earned a doctorate in
ethologyEthology is the scientific study of animal behavior, and a sub-topic of zoology....
from
Darwin CollegeDarwin College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. It is a college for advanced study, admitting only postgraduate students....
, the
University of CambridgeThe University of Cambridge , located in the City of Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom, is the second oldest university in the English-speaking world and the fourth oldest in Europe...
in 1964. Along with
Dian FosseyDian Fossey was an American zoologist who undertook an extensive study of gorilla groups over a period of 18 years. She observed them daily for years in the mountain forests of Rwanda, initially encouraged to work there by famous paleontologist Louis Leakey...
, famous for living with
gorillaGorillas are the largest of the living primates. They are ground-dwelling and predominantly herbivorous. They inhabit the forests of central Africa. Gorillas are divided into two species and either four or five subspecies...
s, and
Biruté GaldikasBirutė Marija Filomena Galdikas, OC Ph.D. , is a primatologist, conservationist, ethologist, and author of several books relating to the endangered species orangutan. Well known in the field of modern primatology, Galdikas is recognized as a leading authority on orangutans.- Early life and...
, who advanced studies in
orangutanThe orangutans are two endangered species of great apes. Known for their intelligence, they live in trees and are the largest living arboreal animal. They have longer arms than other great apes, and their hair is typically reddish-brown, instead of the brown or black hair typical of other great apes...
s, Goodall was one of three women dubbed "
Leakey's AngelsLeakey's Angels is a relatively recent name given to three women sent by archaeologist Louis Leakey to study primates in their natural environments. The three are Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, and Birute Galdikas...
".
Career in wild primate research
Goodall is best known for her study of
chimpanzeeChimpanzee, sometimes colloquially chimp, is the common name for the two extant species of ape in the genus Pan. The Congo River forms the boundary between the native habitat of the two species:...
social and family life. She began studying the
Kasakela chimpanzee communityThe Kasakela chimpanzee community is a wild Common Chimpanzee community that livesin Gombe National Park near Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania. The community was the subject of Dr. Jane Goodall's pioneering study that began in 1960, and studies have continued ever since...
in Gombe Stream National Park,
TanzaniaThe United Republic of Tanzania is a country in central East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.The United...
in 1960. In 1977, Goodall established the
Jane Goodall InstituteThe Jane Goodall Institute founded by English primatologist, Jane Goodall and Genevieve, Princess di San Faustino in 1977. In 1991, JGI launched its most wide-reaching program: Roots & Shoots concerned with making positive change for communities, animals and the environment...
(JGI), which supports the Gombe research, and she is a global leader in the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats. With nineteen offices around the world, the JGI is widely recognized for innovative, community-centered
conservation and developmentThe conservation of forests also known as nature conservation is a political and social movement that seeks to protect natural resources including plant and animal species as well as their habitat for the future....
programs in
AfricaAfrica is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area. With a billion people in 61 territories, it accounts for about 14.8% of the...
and a global youth program,
Roots & ShootsRoots & Shoots is a program of the Jane Goodall Institute. In 1991, 16 local teenagers met with Dr. Jane Goodall on her back porch in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, eager to discuss a range of problems they knew about from first-hand experience...
, which currently has over 10,000 groups in over 100 countries. Today, Goodall devotes virtually all of her time to
advocacyAdvocacy is the pursuit of influencing outcomes — including public-policy and resource allocation decisions within political, economic, and social systems and institutions — that directly affect people’s current lives...
on behalf of chimpanzees and the environment, traveling nearly 300 days a year.
Goodall is also a board member for the world's largest chimpanzee sanctuary outside of Africa, Save the Chimps in Fort Pierce, Florida.
Goodall was instrumental in the study of social learning, primate
cognitionCognition is the scientific term for "the process of thought". Usage of the term varies in different disciplines; for example in psychology and cognitive science, it usually refers to an information processing view of an individual's psychological functions...
,
thinkingThought and thinking are mental forms and processes, respectively . Thinking allows beings to model the world and to deal with it according to their objectives, plans, ends and desires. Words referring to similar concepts and processes include cognition, sentience, consciousness, idea, and...
and
cultureCulture is a term that has different meanings. For example, in 1952, Alfred Kroeber and Clyde Kluckhohn compiled a list of 164 definitions of "culture" in Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions...
in wild chimpanzees, their differentiation from the
bonoboThe Bonobo , Pan paniscus, until recently called the Pygmy Chimpanzee and less often, the Dwarf or Gracile Chimpanzee, is a great ape and one of the two species making up the genus Pan. The other species in genus Pan is Pan troglodytes, or the Common Chimpanzee...
, and the inclusion of both chimpanzee species, and the
gorillaGorillas are the largest of the living primates. They are ground-dwelling and predominantly herbivorous. They inhabit the forests of central Africa. Gorillas are divided into two species and either four or five subspecies...
, as
HominidsThe Hominidae The Hominidae The Hominidae (anglicized Hominids, also known as great apes
["Great ape" is a common name rather than a taxonomic label and there are differences in usage...]
.
One of Goodall's major break-throughs in the field of primatology was the discovery of
toolA broad definition of a tool is an entity used to interface between two or more domains that facilitates more effective action of one domain upon the other. The most basic tools are simple machines. For example, a crowbar simply functions as a lever. The further out from the pivot point, the more...
-making among chimpanzees during her study. Though many animals had been clearly observed using 'tools', previously, only humans were thought to make tools, and tool-making was considered the defining difference between humans and other animals. This discovery convinced several scientists to reconsider their definition of being human.
Goodall also set herself apart from the traditional conventions of the time by naming the animals in her studies of primates, instead of assigning each a number. Numbering was a nearly universal practice at the time, and thought to be important in the removal of one's self from the potential for emotional attachment to the subject being studied. Among those that Goodall named during her years in Gombe were:
- David Greybeard, a grey-chinned male who first warmed up to Goodall.
- Goliath, a friend of David Greybeard, originally the alpha male named for his bold nature.
- Mike, who through his cunning and improvisation displaced Goliath as the alpha male.
- Humphrey, a big, strong, bullysome male.
- Gigi, a large, sterile
Infertility primarily refers to the biological inability of a person to contribute to conception. Infertility may also refer to the state of a woman who is unable to carry a pregnancy to full term...
female who delighted in being the "aunt" of any young chimps or humans.
- Mr. McGregor, a belligerent older male.
- Flo, a motherly, high-ranking female with a bulbous nose and ragged ears, and her children, Figan, Faben, Fifi, and Flint.
- Frodo, Fifi's second eldest child, an aggressive male who would frequently attack Jane and who once killed and began to eat a human infant.
Jane Goodall's involvement in tropical forests and conservation has led her to be actively involved in a number of environmental issues, and to found the
Roots & ShootsRoots & Shoots is a program of the Jane Goodall Institute. In 1991, 16 local teenagers met with Dr. Jane Goodall on her back porch in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, eager to discuss a range of problems they knew about from first-hand experience...
youth group. She has also endorsed the
Forests Now DeclarationThe Forests Now Declaration is a declaration that advocates using carbon credits to protect tropical forests. The Declaration was created by the Global Canopy Programme, and has been signed by over 200 NGOs, business leaders, scientists and conservationists...
, calling for new market based mechanisms to protect tropical forests. She is a patron of the
Optimum Population TrustThe Optimum Population Trust is a registered United Kingdom charity, think tank, and campaign group concerned with the impact of population growth on the natural environment, specifically natural resources, climate change and biodiversity. With respect to population growth, it researches climate...
.
Some primatologists have suggested flaws in Goodall's
methodologyMethodology can be defined as:# "the analysis of the principles of methods, rules, and postulates employed by a discipline";# "the systematic study of methods that are, can be, or have been applied within a discipline"; or...
which may call into question the validity of her observations. Goodall used unconventional practices in her study, for example, naming individuals instead of numbering them. At the time numbering was used to prevent emotional attachment and loss of objectivity. Many standard methods are aimed at helping observers to avoid interference and the use of feeding stations to attract Gombe chimpanzees is, in particular, thought by some to have altered normal
foragingForaging theory is a branch of behavioral ecology that studies the foraging behavior of animals in response to the environment in which the animal lives. Foraging theory considers the foraging behavior of animals in reference to the payoff that an animal obtains from different foraging options...
and feeding patterns as well as
social relationA Social relation is a concept in social science referring most generally to a relationship between two or more people, but that relationship can exist without those people actively and deliberately relating, communicating or associating with each other....
ships.
It has been suggested that higher levels of aggression and conflict with other chimpanzee groups in the area were a consequences of the feeding, which could have created the "wars" between chimpanzee social groups described by Goodall. Thus, some regard Goodall's observations as distortions of normal chimpanzee behavior. Goodall herself (on several occasions) acknowledged that feeding contributed to aggression within and between groups:
- "I didn't see aggression to start with. There's no question that chimpanzees become more aggressive as a result of crowding, as a result of competition for food." (J. Goodall)
- "It's very hard to look back with hindsight and say oh well I would have done it differently. If I had gone to Gombe and had access to information about the effect of feeding bananas on wild chimpanzees I wouldn't have done it". (J. Goodall)
However, Goodall has also said that the effect was limited to alteration of the intensity and not the nature of chimpanzee conflict and further that feeding was necessary for the study to be effective at all.
Some recent studies such as the study by Crickette Sanz in the
Goualougo TriangleThe Goualougo Triangle, is a region on the southern end of the Nouabale-Ndoki National Park, located in the Republic of Congo, in Central Africa. The northern Congo lowland forest ecosystem of the park is one of the most intact fauna habitats of its type in Africa...
(
CongoThe Republic of the Congo , also known as Congo-Brazzaville or the Congo, is a country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Gabon, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Angolan exclave province of Cabinda, and the Gulf of Guinea.The region was dominated...
) or by Prof. Christophe Boesch in the Tai Forest (Ivory Coast) have not shown the aggression observed in the Gombe studies.
- "So far, we haven't seen any abnormal levels of aggression. We've never seen chimps killing other chimps. We haven't seen highly elevated territorial disputes. If I had to guess, I wouldn't expect to see it". (C. Sanz)
- "I have not seen this kind of killing in Tai Forest. This violence is not always present". (C. Boesch)
However, not all primatologists agree that the studies are flawed; for example, Jim Moore provides a critique of Margaret Powers' assertions and some studies of other chimpanzee groups have shown similar aggression to Gombe even in the absence of feeding..
Jane Goodall is an
animal welfareAnimal welfare, the health and well-being of animals, represents a systematic concern for people who believe that nonhuman animals are sentient beings that deserve consideration, respect, and care...
activist and is the former president of
Advocates for AnimalsAdvocates for Animals, formerly known as the Scottish Society for the Prevention of Vivisection, is an animal rights organization which campaigns against all animal use including farming, the fur trade, bloodsports, captive and performing animals, and the use of animals in research.-Origins:Based...
, an organization based in
EdinburghEdinburgh is the capital city of Scotland. It is the second largest Scottish city, after Glasgow, and the seventh-most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council is one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas....
,
ScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
, that campaigns against the use of animals in medical research, zoos, farming and sport.
In May 2008, Goodall controversially described
Edinburgh ZooEdinburgh Zoo, formally the Scottish National Zoological Park, is a non-profit zoological park located in Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland...
's new primate enclosure as a "wonderful facility" where monkeys are "are probably better off [than those] living in the wild in an area like Budongo, where one in six gets caught in a wire snare, and countries like
CongoThe Republic of the Congo , also known as Congo-Brazzaville or the Congo, is a country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Gabon, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Angolan exclave province of Cabinda, and the Gulf of Guinea.The region was dominated...
, where chimpanzees, monkeys and gorillas are shot for food commercially."
[Mike Wade, Zoos are best hope, says Jane Goodall. The Times, May 20, 2008. Retrieved 18 July 18, 2008.] This was in conflict with Advocates for Animals' position on captive animals, who stated "She's entitled to her opinion, but our position isn't going to change. We oppose the keeping of animals in captivity for entertainment." In June 2008 Goodall confirmed that she had resigned the presidency of the organisation which she had held since 1998, citing her busy schedule and explaining, "I just don't have time for them."
Honours
Jane Goodall has received many honors for her
environmentalEnvironmentalism is a broad philosophy and social movement regarding concerns for environmental conservation and improvement of the state of the environment...
and
humanitarianIn its most general form, humanitarianism is an ethic of kindness, benevolence and sympathy extended universally and impartially to all human beings. Humanitarianism has been an evolving concept historically but universality is a common element in its evolution...
work, as well as others. She was named a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in a ceremony held in
Buckingham PalaceBuckingham Palace is the official London residence of the British monarch. Located in the City of Westminster, the palace is a setting for state occasions and royal hospitality...
in 2004. In April 2002, Secretary-General
Kofi AnnanKofi Atta Annan, Honorary GCMG is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1 January 1997 to 1 January 2007. Annan and the United Nations were the co-recipients of the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize.-Early years and family:Kofi Annan was born in the...
named Dr. Goodall a United Nations Messenger of Peace. Her other honors include the
Tyler Prize for Environmental AchievementThe Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement is an award for environmental science, energy, and medicine. Tyler Laureates receive a $200,000 annual prize and a gold medallion. The prize is administered by the University of Southern California and was established by the late John and Alice Tyler in...
, the French Legion of Honor, Medal of Tanzania,
Japanis an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
's prestigious
Kyoto PrizeThe has been awarded annually since 1985 by the Inamori Foundation, founded by Kazuo Inamori. The prize is a Japanese award similar in intent to the Nobel Prize, as it recognizes outstanding works in the fields of philosophy, arts, science and technology...
, the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Science, the
Gandhi-King Award for NonviolenceThe Gandhi-King Award for Non-Violence is presented by The World Movement for Nonviolence. The award is named after Mahatma Gandhi and Dr Martin Luther King.*1999 Kofi Annan*2000 Nelson Mandela*2001 Jane Goodall*2002 Mata Amritanandamayi*2003 Mwai Kibaki...
and the Spanish Premio Príncipe de Asturias. She is also a member of the advisory board of
BBC Wildlife magazine.
In 2002, the
CanadianCanada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
city of Greater Sudbury,
OntarioOntario is a province located in east-central Canada, the largest by population and second largest, after Quebec, in total area. Ontario is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba to the west and Quebec to the east, and 5 U.S...
dedicated a walking trail, highlighting some of the city's efforts to rehabilitate environmental damage from the local
miningMining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an ore body, vein or seam. Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, rock salt and potash...
industry, to Goodall.
On 7 July 2007 Goodall presented at
Live EarthLive Earth is an annual event developed to combat climate change.-Background:The plans for the first Live Earth concerts were announced at a media event in Los Angeles on 15 February 2007 by Al Gore, Kevin Wall and other celebrities...
.
In April 2008, Jane was awarded the Montana State University Medal for Global and Visionary Leadership.
Awards
- 1980: Order of the Golden Ark, World Wildlife Award for Conservation
- 1984: J. Paul Getty Wildlife Conservation Prize
- 1985: Living Legacy Award from the International Women's League
- Society of the United States; Award for Humane Excellence, American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
- 1987: Ian Biggs' Prize
- 1989: Encyclopaedia Britannica Award for Excellence on the Dissemination of Learning for the Benefit of Mankind; Anthropologist of the Year Award
- 1990: The AMES Award, American Anthropologist Association; Whooping Crane Conservation Award, Conoco, Inc.; Gold Medal of the Society of Women Geographers; Inamori Foundation Award; Washoe Award; The Kyoto Prize
The has been awarded annually since 1985 by the Inamori Foundation, founded by Kazuo Inamori. The prize is a Japanese award similar in intent to the Nobel Prize, as it recognizes outstanding works in the fields of philosophy, arts, science and technology...
in Basic Science
- 1991: The Edinburgh Medal
- 1993: Rainforest Alliance Champion Award
- 1994: Chester Zoo Diamond Jubilee Medal
- 1995: Commander of the Order of the British Empire, presented by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II; The National Geographic Society
The National Geographic Society , headquartered in Washington, D.C. in the United States, is one of the largest non-profit scientific and educational institutions in the world. Its interests include geography, archaeology and natural science, the promotion of environmental and historical...
Hubbard MedalThe Hubbard Medal is awarded by the National Geographic Society for distinction in exploration, discovery, and research. The medal is named for Gardiner Greene Hubbard, first National Geographic Society president.-Recipients:...
for Distinction in Exploration, Discovery, and Research; Lifetime Achievement Award, In Defense of Animals; The Moody Gardens Environmental Award; Honorary Wardenship of Uganda National Parks
- 1996: The Zoological Society of London
The Zoological Society of London is a learned society founded in London in April 1826 by Sir Stamford Raffles, the Marquess of Lansdowne, Lord Auckland, Sir Humphry Davy, Robert Peel, Joseph Sabine, Nicholas Aylward Vigors along with various other nobility, clergy, eminent naturalists and gentlemen...
Silver Medal; The Tanzanian Kilimanjaro Medal; The Primate Society of Great Britain Conservation Award; The Caring Institute Award; The Polar Bear Award; William Proctor Prize for Scientific Achievement
- 1997: John & Alice Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement; David S. Ingells, Jr. Award for Excellence; Common Wealth Award for Public Service; The Field Museum's Award of Merit; Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement; Royal Geographical Society / Discovery Channel Europe Award for A Lifetime of Discovery
- 1998: Disney's Animal Kingdom Eco Hero Award; National Science Board Public Service Award; The Orion Society's John Hay Award
- 1999: International Peace Award; Botanical Research Institute of Texas International Award of Excellence in Conservation, Community of Christ International Peace Award
The Community of Christ International Peace Award was established to honor and bring attention to the work of peacemaking and peacemakers in the world...
- 2001: Graham J. Norton Award for Achievement in Increasing Community Livability; Rungius Award of the National Museum of Wildlife Art, USA; Roger Tory Peterson Memorial Medal, Harvard Museum of Natural History; Master Peace Award; Gandhi/King Award for Non-Violence
- 2002: The Huxley Memorial Medal, Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland; United Nations "Messenger of Peace" Appointment
- 2003: Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Science; Harvard Medical School's Center for Health and the Global Environment Award; Prince of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Achievement; Dame of the British Empire, presented by His Royal Highness Prince Charles; Chicago Academy of Sciences' Honorary Environmental Leader Award
- 2004: Nierenberg Prize for Science in the Public Interest; Will Rogers Spirit Award, the Rotary Club of Will Rogers and Will Rogers Memorial Museums; Life Time Achievement Award, the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW)
The International Fund for Animal Welfare is currently one of the largest animal welfare and conservation charities in the world.The group says its mission is "to improve the welfare of wild and domestic animals throughout the world by reducing commercial exploitation of animals, protecting...
; Honorary Degree from Haverford CollegeHaverford College is a private, coeducational liberal arts college located in Haverford, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia.The college was founded in 1833 by area members of the Orthodox Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends to ensure an education grounded in Quaker...
- 2005: Honorary doctorate degree in science from Syracuse University
Syracuse University is a private research university located in Syracuse, New York, U.S.A.. It was founded as a university in 1870, but its roots can be traced back to a seminary founded by the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1832 which eventually became Genesee College...
- 2005: Presented with Discovery and Imagination Award
- 2006: Received the 60th Anniversary Medal of the UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on 16 November 1945...
and the French Légion d'honneurThe Légion d'honneur or Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur is a French order established by Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul of the First Republic, on 19 May 1802...
.
- 2007: Honorary doctorate degree in commemoration of Linnaeus from Uppsala University
Uppsala University is a research university in Uppsala, Sweden. Founded as early as 1477, it is the oldest such institution in the Nordic countries, and for centuries has been one of Europe's most renowned seats of learning....
- 2007: Honorary doctorate degree from University of Liverpool
The University of Liverpool is a university in the city of Liverpool, England. It is a member of the Russell Group and the N8 Group for research collaboration, and founded in 1881 it is also one of the six original "red brick" civic universities...
- 2008: Honorary doctorate degree from University of Toronto
The University of Toronto is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, situated north of the city's Financial District on the grounds that surround Queen's Park. The university was founded by royal charter in 1827 as King's College, the first institution of higher learning in the...
A complete list of Goodall's awards and honors is available through her curriculum vitae on the Jane Goodall Institute website.
Personal life
Goodall has been married twice. On 28 March 1964 she married aristocratic wildlife photographer
Baron Hugo van LawickHugo Arndt Rodolf, Baron van Lawick , known as Hugo van Lawick, was a Dutch wildlife filmmaker and photographer....
at
Chelsea Old ChurchChelsea Old Church is on the north bank of the River Thames near Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London, England. It is the church for a parish in the Diocese of London, part of the Church of England. It is located on the corner of Old Church Street and Cheyne Walk. Inside, there is seating for 400...
,
London[]London is the capital of England and the United Kingdom. It has been a major settlement for two millennia, and the history of London goes back to its founding by the Romans, when it was named Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, the 'square mile', retains its medieval boundaries...
, becoming Baroness Jane van Lawick-Goodall. The couple had a son, Hugo Eric Louis, affectionately known as 'Grub', who was born in 1967. They divorced in 1974. In 1975 she married Derek Bryceson (a member of
TanzaniaThe United Republic of Tanzania is a country in central East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.The United...
's parliament and the director of that country's national parks) and they remained married until his death in 1980.
Jane and her younger sister, Judy, both suffer from
prosopagnosiaProsopagnosia is a disorder of face perception where the ability to recognize faces is impaired, while the ability to recognize other objects may be relatively intact...
, a neurological condition which impairs the recognition of human faces.
Books
- 1969 My Friends the Wild Chimpanzees Washington, DC: National Geographic Society
The National Geographic Society , headquartered in Washington, D.C. in the United States, is one of the largest non-profit scientific and educational institutions in the world. Its interests include geography, archaeology and natural science, the promotion of environmental and historical...
- 1971 Innocent Killers (with H. van Lawick). Boston: Houghton Mifflin; London: Collins.
- 1971 In the Shadow of Man Boston: Houghton Mifflin; London: Collins. Published in 48 languages.
- 1986 The Chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of Behavior Boston: Bellknap Press of the Harvard University Press. Published also in Japanese and Russian. R.R. Hawkins Award for the Outstanding Technical, Scientific or Medical book of 1986, to Bellknap Press of Harvard University Press, Boston. The Wildlife Society (USA) Award for "Outstanding Publication in Wildlife Ecology and Management".
- 1990 Through a Window: 30 years observing the Gombe chimpanzees London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson; Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Translated into more than 15 languages. 1991 Penguin edition, UK. American Library Association
The American Library Association is a non-profit organization based in the United States that promotes libraries and library education internationally. It is the oldest and largest library association in the world, with more than 65,000 members....
"Best" list among Nine Notable Books (Nonfiction) for 1991.
- 1993 Visions of Caliban (co-authored with Dale Peterson, Ph.D.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. New York Times "Notable Book" for 1993. Library Journal "Best Sci-Tech Book" for 1993.
- 1999 Brutal Kinship (with Michael Nichols). New York: Aperture Foundation.
- 1999 Reason For Hope; A Spiritual Journey (with Phillip Berman). New York: Warner Books, Inc. Translated into Japanese.
- 2000 40 Years At Gombe New York: Stewart, Tabori, and Chang.
- 2000 Africa In My Blood (edited by Dale Peterson). New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
- 2001 Beyond Innocence: An Autobiography in Letters, the later years (edited by Dale Peterson). New York: Houghton Mifflin Company
- 2002 The Ten Trusts: What We Must Do To Care for the Animals We Love (with Marc Bekoff). San Francisco: Harper San Francisco
- 2005 Harvest for Hope: A Guide to Mindful Eating New York: Warner Books, Inc. ISBN 0-446-53362-9
Children's books
- 1972 Grub: The Bush Baby (with H. van Lawick). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
- 1988 My Life with the Chimpanzees New York: Byron Preiss Visual Publications, Inc. Translated into French, Japanese and Chinese. Parenting's Reading-Magic Award for "Outstanding Book for Children," 1989.
- 1989 The Chimpanzee Family Book Saxonville, MA: Picture Book Studio; Munich: Neugebauer Press; London: Picture Book Studio. Translated into more than 15 languages, including Japanese and Kiswahili. The UNICEF Award for the best children's book of 1989. Austrian state prize for best children's book of 1990.
- 1989 Jane Goodall's Animal World: Chimps New York: Macmillan.
- 1989 Animal Family Series: Chimpanzee Family; Lion Family; Elephant Family; Zebra Family; Giraffe Family; Baboon Family; Hyena Family; Wildebeest Family Toronto: Madison Marketing Ltd.
- 1994 With Love New York / London: North-South Books. Translated into German, French, Italian, and Japanese.
- 1999 Dr. White (illustrated by Julie Litty). New York: North-South Books.
- 2000 The Eagle & the Wren (illustrated by Alexander Reichstein). New York: North-South Books.
- 2001 Chimpanzees I Love: Saving Their World and Ours New York: Scholastic Press
- 2004 Rickie and Henri: A True Story (with Alan Marks) Penguin Young Readers Group
Films
- 1963 Miss Goodall and the Wild Chimpanzees National Geographic Society
The National Geographic Society , headquartered in Washington, D.C. in the United States, is one of the largest non-profit scientific and educational institutions in the world. Its interests include geography, archaeology and natural science, the promotion of environmental and historical...
- 1975 Miss Goodall: The Hyena Story The World of Animal Behavior Series
- 1984 Among the Wild Chimpanzees National Geographic Special
- 1988 People of the Forest with Hugo van Lawick
- 1990 Chimpanzee Alert in the Nature Watch Series, Central Television
- 1990 Chimps, So Like Us HBO film nominated for 1990 Academy Award
The Academy Awards, popularly known as the Oscars, are presented annually by the American Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to recognize excellence of professionals in the film industry, including directors, actors, and writers. The formal ceremony at which the awards are presented is...
- 1990 The Life and Legend of Jane Goodall National Geographic Society.
- 1990 The Gombe Chimpanzees Bavarian Television
- 1995 Fifi's Boys for the Natural World series for the
- 1996 Chimpanzee Diary for BBC2
Animal Zone
- 1997 Animal Minds for BBC
- 2000 Jane Goodall: Reason For Hope PBS special produced by KTCA
- 2001 Chimps R Us PBS special Scientific Frontiers.
- 2002 Jane Goodall's Wild Chimpanzees (IMAX
IMAX is a motion picture film format and projection standard created by Canada's IMAX Corporation. The traditional version of IMAX has the capacity to record and display images of far greater size and resolution than conventional film systems...
format), in collaboration with Science North
- 2005 Jane Goodall's Return to Gombe for Animal Planet
Animal Planet is an American satellite and cable television channel , that launched on October 1, 1996. It is distributed by Discovery Communications...
In popular culture
- Goodall is honored by the Walt Disney Company with a plaque on the the Tree of Life
The Tree of Life is a artificial tree that has been the icon of Disney's Animal Kingdom since it opened on April 22, 1998. Engineered from a refitted oil platform, it is located in the center of the park. Its leaves are made out of Kynar. On the exterior of it are carved images of 325 animals...
at Walt Disney World's Animal KingdomDisney's Animal Kingdom is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort. The fourth park built at the resort, it opened on April 22, 1998, and it is the largest single Disney theme park in the world, covering more than 500 acres . It is also the first Disney theme park to be themed entirely around...
theme park, alongside a carving of her beloved David Greybeard, the original chimp who approached Goodall during her first year at Gombe.http://adisney.go.com/disneyhand/environmentality/environment/pdfs/wcfdoc.pdf The story goes that when she was invited to visit the developing Animal Kingdom park as a consultant and saw the Tree of Life, she didn't see a chimp as part of the tree. To rectify this situation, the Imagineers added the carving of David Graybeard and the plaque honoring her at the entrance to the It's Tough to be a Bug!It's Tough to be a Bug! is a 9-minute long 3-D film based on the Pixar movie, A Bug's Life. The film, created by Rhythm and Hues Studios, is the main component of a theme park attraction at several Walt Disney theme parks...
show.
- Cartoonist Gary Larson
Gary Larson is the creator of The Far Side, a single-panel comic strip which appeared in many newspapers for fourteen years until Larson's retirement on January 1, 1995.-Biography:...
once drew a cartoon in his The Far SideThe Far Side is a popular one-panel syndicated comic created by Gary Larson. Its surrealistic humor is often based on uncomfortable social situations, improbable events, an anthropomorphic view of the world, logical fallacies, impending bizarre disasters, or the search for meaning in life...
newspaper comic that showed two chimpanzees grooming. One finds a human hair on the other and inquires, "Conducting a little more 'research' with that Jane Goodall tramp?" The Jane Goodall Institute thought this to be in bad taste, and had their lawyers draft a letter to Larson and his distribution syndicate, in which they described the cartoon as an "atrocity." They were stymied, however, by Goodall herself, who revealed that she found the cartoon amusing. Since then, all profits from sales of a shirt featuring this cartoon have gone to the JGI.
- Goodall also appeared and lent her voice as herself in the animated TV series The Wild Thornberrys
The Wild Thornberrys is an American animated television series that aired on Nickelodeon from September 1, 1998 to 2002. It was rerun in the USA on Nickelodeon and occasionally Nicktoons Network until 2007...
.
- The protagonist in Jonathan Safran Foer's second novel, Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close, asks Goodall for a recommendation, to which she responds with a gentle rejection.
- In The Simpsons
The Simpsons is an American animated television sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series is a satirical parody of a middle class American lifestyle epitomized by its eponymous family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie...
episode "Simpsons Safari", a character loosely based on Goodall is a research scientist in charge of a chimpanzee refuge who is secretly forcing them to mine diamonds for her benefit.
- On her album Street Angel Stevie Nicks
Stephanie Lynn "Stevie" Nicks is an American singer-songwriter, best known for her work with Fleetwood Mac and an extensive solo career, which collectively have produced over forty Top 50 hits and has sold nearly 120 million albums. She has been noted for her ethereal visual style and symbolic...
pays tribute to Jane Goodall with the track "Jane".
- In the movie George of the Jungle
George of the Jungle is a live-action romantic-family comedy film based on the characters from the original cartoon of the same name. This film was produced by Walt Disney Pictures, and originally released to movie theatres in 1997...
, Beatrice Stanhope sits next to Ape the Gorilla and says "I feel just like Jane Goodall", to which Ape replies "Ma'am, I have known Jane Goodall, and you certainly aren't Jane Goodall".
External links
Dated
- "Chimpanzees - Bridging the Gap". In Paola Cavalieri & Peter Singer
Peter Albert David Singer is an Australian philosopher. He is the Ira W. DeCamp Professor of Bioethics at Princeton University, and laureate professor at the Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics , University of Melbourne...
(eds.), The Great Ape Project, New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 1993, pp. 10–18.
- Gaia Symphony Documentary series
Gaia Symphoney is a Television series directed by Jin Tatsumura. The series revolves around the Gaia hypothesis. The series has six episods. Each episode examines a small number of extraordinary people who somehow relate to the central theme. Some of the people examined are famous people. For...
(Japanese production) 2001
- Jane Goodall Charlie Rose
Charlie Rose is an American television interview show, with Charlie Rose as executive producer, executive editor, and host. The show is syndicated on PBS and is owned by Charlie Rose, LLC. Rose interviews well-known thinkers, writers, politicians, athletes, entertainers, businessmen, leaders,...
interviews Feb 2001, Sept 2001, Jan. 2002
- An Interview with Jane Goodall A discussion about primate experimentation 2002
- TED profile 2002 talk: JG helps humans and animals live together, 2003 On what separates us from the apes
- Jane Goodall talks at Google Video recording of Jane Goodall talk at Google 2005
- Jane Goodall's thoughts on Earth Day 2006
- Interview with Australian TV personality Andrew Denton 2006-07-24
- 'We can't go on like this', Jane Goodall speaks, by Venkatesan Vembu, Daily News & Analysis, 30 October 2006
- Lecture of Goodall at Harvard University in 2007
- Jane Goodall's interview with Rev. Alan Jones 2007-10-07
- Jane Goodall Interview on The Hour with George Stroumboulopoulos
George Mark Paul Stroumboulopoulos is a Canadian television and radio personality, and best known as the host of CBC Television's The Hour, a talk show about the world's current events.-Family:...
2008-06-15