This is a list of 20th-century classical composers. The list is by no means complete. Only composers of significant fame and importance are included. The style of the composer's music is given where possible, bearing in mind that some defy simple classification. Names are listed first by year of birth, then in alphabetical order within each year. Clive Strutt

Clive Strutt

Clive Edward Hazzard Strutt is an English composer born 19th April 1942 in Aldershot, Hampshire, England. He was educated at Farnborough Grammar School....

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Name	Year of birth	Year of death	Nationality	Notable works	Remarks
Karl Goldmark Karl Goldmark Karl Goldmark, also known originally as Károly Goldmark and later sometimes as Carl Goldmark; May 18, 1830, Keszthely – January 2, 1915, Vienna) was a Hungarian composer.- Life and career :...	1830	1915	Hungarian
Felix Draeseke Felix Draeseke Felix August Bernhard Draeseke was a composer of the "New German School" admiring Liszt and Richard Wagner. He wrote compositions in most forms including eight operas and stage works, four symphonies, and much vocal and chamber music.-Life:Felix Draeseke was born in the Franconian ducal town of...	1835	1913	German
Elfrida Andrée Elfrida Andrée Elfrida Andrée , was a Swedish organist, composer, and conductor.Andrée was born in Visby. She was the pupil of Ludvig Norman and Niels Wilhelm Gade. Her sister was the singer Fredrika Stenhammar. An activist in the Swedish women's movement, she was one of the first female organists to be...	1841	1929	Swedish	Organ symphonies
Charles-Marie Widor Charles-Marie Widor Charles-Marie Jean Albert Widor was a French organist, composer and teacher.-Life:Widor was born in Lyon, to a family of organ builders, and initially studied music there with his father, François-Charles Widor, titular organist of Saint-François-de-Sales from 1838 to 1889...	1844	1937	French	Symphony for organ No. 5 Symphony for Organ No. 5 (Widor) The Symphony for Organ No. 5 in F minor, Op. 42, No. 1, was composed by Charles-Marie Widor in 1879. It lasts for about thirty-five minutes. Its Toccata is the best known of all of Widor's compositions.-Structure:The piece has five movements:# Allegro vivace...  and 7 more
Gabriel Fauré Gabriel Fauré Gabriel Urbain Fauré was a French composer, organist, pianist and teacher. He was one of the foremost French composers of his generation, and his musical style influenced many 20th century composers...	1845	1924	French	Prométhée Prométhée Prométhée is an opera in three acts by the French composer Gabriel Fauré. The libretto, by Jean Lorrain and Ferdinand Hérold, is based on the Greek myth of Prometheus. Although designated a tragédie lyrique, the opera resists easy categorisation. It was intended as a large-scale work with spoken... ; Pénélope Pénélope Pénélope is an opera in three acts by the French composer Gabriel Fauré. The libretto, by René Fauchois, is based on Homer's Odyssey. It was first performed at the Salle Garnier, Monte Carlo on 4 March 1913.-Background and performance history:... ; Masques et bergamasques
Ella Adayevskaya	1846	1926	Russian
Chiquinha Gonzaga Chiquinha Gonzaga Francisca Edwiges Neves Gonzaga was a Brazilian composer, pianist and conductor....	1847	1935	Brazilian
Frances Allitsen Frances Allitsen Mary Frances Allitsen was an English composer. One of her most popular songs is a setting of Psalm 27, The Lord is My Light.Her real name was Mary Bumpus, according to the .-External links:*...	1848	1912	English
Henri Duparc	1848	1933	French
Vincent d'Indy Vincent d'Indy Vincent d'Indy was a French composer and teacher.-Life:Paul Marie Théodore Vincent d'Indy was born in Paris into an aristocratic family of royalist and Catholic persuasion. He had piano lessons from an early age from his paternal grandmother, who passed him on to Antoine François Marmontel and...	1851	1931	French	Symphony on a French Mountain Air; Ishtar Ishtar Ishtar is the Assyrian and Babylonian goddess of fertility, love, war, and sex. She is the counterpart to the Sumerian Inanna and to the cognate north-west Semitic goddess Astarte.-Characteristics:...
Charles Villiers Stanford Charles Villiers Stanford Sir Charles Villiers Stanford was an Irish composer who was particularly notable for his choral music. He was professor at the Royal College of Music and University of Cambridge.- Life :...	1852	1924	Irish	7 symphonies	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Leoš Janáček Leoš Janácek Leoš Janáček was a Czech composer, musical theorist, folklorist, publicist and teacher. He was inspired by Moravian and all Slavic folk music to create an original, modern musical style. Until 1895 he devoted himself mainly to folkloristic research and his early musical output was influenced by...	1854	1928	Czech	Sinfonietta Sinfonietta (Janácek) The Sinfonietta is a very expressive and festive, late work for large orchestra by the Czech composer Leoš Janáček... ; Taras Bulba Taras Bulba (rhapsody) Taras Bulba is a rhapsody for orchestra by the Czech composer Leoš Janáček. It was composed in 1918 and belongs to the most powerful of Janáček's scores. It is based on the novel by Gogol.... ; operas; 2 string quartets	folk-influenced
Moritz Moszkowski Moritz Moszkowski Moritz Moszkowski was a German Jewish composer, pianist, and teacher of Polish descent. Ignacy Paderewski said, "After Chopin, Moszkowski best understands how to write for the piano"...	1854	1925	German-Polish	Many groups of short piano pieces
Anatoly Lyadov	1855	1914	Russian	Programmatic tone poems, Variations and miniatures
Christian Sinding Christian Sinding Christian August Sinding was a Norwegian composer.-Personal life:He was born in Kongsberg as a son of mine superindendent Matthias Wilhelm Sinding and Cecilie Marie Mejdell . He was a brother of the painter Otto Sinding and the sculptor Stephan Sinding...	1856	1941	Norwegian	Rustle of Spring	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Cécile Chaminade Cécile Chaminade Cécile Louise Stéphanie Chaminade was a French composer and pianist.-Biography:Born in Paris, she studied at first with her mother, then with Félix Le Couppey, Marie Gabriel Augustin Savard, Martin Pierre Marsick and Benjamin Godard, but not officially, since her father disapproved of her musical...	1857	1944	French	Concertino for Flute
Rosalind Ellicott Rosalind Ellicott -Life:Ellicott was born in Cambridge, the daughter of Charles Ellicott, the Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol. Her father had no interest in music whatsoever; however it has been suggested that it was his position that enabled her to have some of her works performed at the Three Choirs Festival...	1857	1924	English
Edward Elgar Edward Elgar Sir Edward William Elgar, 1st Baronet OM, GCVO was an English composer, many of whose works have entered the British and international classical concert repertoire. Among his best-known compositions are orchestral works including the Enigma Variations, the Pomp and Circumstance Marches, concertos...	1857	1934	English	Symphony No. 1 Symphony No. 1 (Elgar) Sir Edward Elgar's Symphony No. 1 in A-flat major, Op. 55 is one of his two completed symphonies. The first performance was given by the Hallé Orchestra conducted by Hans Richter in Manchester, England, on 3 December 1908. It was widely known that Elgar had been planning a symphony for more than...  and No. 2 Symphony No. 2 (Elgar) Sir Edward Elgar's Symphony No. 2 in E major, Op. 63, was completed on 28 February 1911 and was premiered at the London Musical Festival at the Queen's Hall by the Queen's Hall Orchestra on 24 May 1911 with the composer conducting... ; Violin Concerto Violin Concerto (Elgar) Edward Elgar's Violin Concerto in B minor, Op. 61, is one of his longest orchestral compositions, and the last of his works to gain immediate popular success.... ; Cello Concerto Cello Concerto (Elgar) Edward Elgar's Cello Concerto in E minor, Op. 85, his last notable work, is a cornerstone of the solo cello repertoire. Elgar composed it in the aftermath of the First World War, by which time his music had gone out of fashion with the concert-going public... ; The Dream of Gerontius The Dream of Gerontius The Dream of Gerontius, popularly called just Gerontius, is a work for voices and orchestra in two parts composed by Edward Elgar in 1900, to text from the poem by John Henry Newman. It relates the journey of a pious man's soul from his deathbed to his judgment before God and settling into Purgatory... ; Enigma Variations Enigma Variations Variations on an Original Theme for orchestra , Op. 36, commonly referred to as the Enigma Variations, is a set of a theme and its fourteen variations written for orchestra by Edward Elgar in 1898–1899. It is Elgar's best-known large-scale composition, for both the music itself and the... ; Pomp and Circumstance Marches Pomp and Circumstance Marches The "Pomp and Circumstance Marches" , Op. 39 are a series of marches for orchestra composed by Sir Edward Elgar....	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Mélanie Bonis Mélanie Bonis Mélanie Hélène Bonis, known as Mel Bonis was a prolific French classical composer...	1858	1937	French
Giacomo Puccini Giacomo Puccini Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini was an Italian composer whose operas, including La bohème, Tosca, Madama Butterfly, and Turandot, are among the most frequently performed in the standard repertoire...	1858	1924	Italian	La bohème La bohème La bohème is an opera in four acts,Puccini called the divisions quadro, a tableau or "image", rather than atto . by Giacomo Puccini to an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa, based on Scènes de la vie de bohème by Henri Murger... , Tosca Tosca Tosca is an opera in three acts by Giacomo Puccini to an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa. It premiered at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome on 14 January 1900... , Madama Butterfly Madama Butterfly Madama Butterfly is an opera in three acts by Giacomo Puccini, with an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa. Puccini based his opera in part on the short story "Madame Butterfly" by John Luther Long, which was dramatized by David Belasco...	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov Mikhail Mikhailovich Ippolitov-Ivanov was a Russian composer, conductor and teacher.- Biography :...	1859	1935	Russian	Caucasian Sketches Caucasian Sketches Caucasian Sketches is a pair of orchestral suites written in 1894 and 1896 by the Russian composer Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov. The Caucasian Sketches is the most often performed of his compositions and can be heard frequently on classical radio stations. The final movement of the Caucasian Sketches,...
Ethel Smyth Ethel Smyth Dame Ethel Mary Smyth, DBE was an English composer and a leader of the women's suffrage movement.- Early career :...	1858	1944	English	The Wreckers The Wreckers -Studio albums:-Live albums:-Singles:-Featured singles:^ Song was credited as Santana with Michelle Branch and The Wreckers.-Music videos:-Awards and nominations:-External links:***...
Hedwige Chrétien Hedwige Chrétien Hedwige -Chrétien was a French composer. She was appointed a music professor at the Paris Conservatoire in 1889 where she had previously been a student from 1874, studying with Ernest Guiraud. In 1881, she won first prize in harmony, counterpoint and fugue...	1859	1944	French
Isaac Albéniz Isaac Albéniz Isaac Manuel Francisco Albéniz y Pascual was a Spanish Catalan pianist and composer best known for his piano works based on folk music idioms .-Life:Born in Camprodon, province of Girona, to Ángel Albéniz and his wife Dolors Pascual, Albéniz...	1860	1909	Spanish	Suite española	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Valborg Aulin Valborg Aulin Laura Valborg Aulin was a Swedish pianist and composer. She was the sister of Tor Aulin and studied music with Benjamin Godard and Niels Wilhelm Gade. Besides many lieder and pieces for solo piano, her compositions included two string quartets and organ music.-External links:...	1860	1928	Swedish
Gustave Charpentier Gustave Charpentier Gustave Charpentier, , born in Dieuze, Moselle on 25 June 1860, died Paris, 18 February 1956) was a French composer, best known for his opera Louise.-Life and career:...	1860	1956	French	Louise (opera) Louise (opera) Louise is an opera in four acts by Gustave Charpentier to an original French libretto by the composer, with some contributions by Saint-Pol-Roux, a symbolist poet and inspiration of the surrealists....
Gustav Mahler Gustav Mahler Gustav Mahler was a late-Romantic Austrian composer and one of the leading conductors of his generation. He was born in the village of Kalischt, Bohemia, in what was then Austria-Hungary, now Kaliště in the Czech Republic...	1860	1911	Austrian	Symphony No. 1 Symphony No. 1 (Mahler) The Symphony No. 1 in D major by Gustav Mahler was mainly composed between late 1887 and March 1888, though it incorporates music Mahler had composed for previous works. It was composed while Mahler was second conductor at the Leipzig Opera, Germany... , No. 5 Symphony No. 5 (Mahler) The Symphony No. 5 in C sharp minor by Gustav Mahler was composed in 1901 and 1902, mostly during the summer months at Mahler's cottage at Maiernigg. Among its most distinctive features are the funereal trumpet solo that opens the work and the frequently performed Adagietto.The musical canvas and... , No. 6 Symphony No. 6 (Mahler) The Symphony No. 6 in A minor by Gustav Mahler, sometimes referred to as the Tragische , was composed between 1903 and 1904 . The work's first performance was in Essen, on May 27, 1906, conducted by the composer.The tragic, even nihilistic ending of No... , and No. 9 Symphony No. 9 (Mahler) The Symphony No. 9 by Gustav Mahler was written between 1909 and 1910, and was the last symphony that he completed.Though the work is often described as being in the key of D major, the tonal scheme of the symphony as whole is progressive... ; Das Lied von der Erde Das Lied von der Erde Das Lied von der Erde is a large-scale work for two vocal soloists and orchestra by the Austrian composer Gustav Mahler... ; Kindertotenlieder Kindertotenlieder Kindertotenlieder is a song cycle for voice and orchestra by Gustav Mahler...	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Ignacy Jan Paderewski Ignacy Jan Paderewski Ignacy Jan Paderewski GBE was a Polish pianist, composer, diplomat, politician, and the second Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland.-Biography:...	1860	1941	Polish	Piano works
Claude Debussy Claude Debussy Claude-Achille Debussy was a French composer. Along with Maurice Ravel, he was one of the most prominent figures working within the field of impressionist music, though he himself intensely disliked the term when applied to his compositions...	1862	1918	French	Clair de lune Suite bergamasque The Suite bergamasque is one of the most famous piano suites by Claude Debussy. Debussy commenced the suite in 1890 at age 28, but he did not finish or publish it until 1905.-History:... ; Syrinx Syrinx (Debussy) Syrinx is a piece of music for solo flute which Claude Debussy wrote in 1913 . It was the first significant piece for solo flute after the Sonata in A min composed by C. P. E. Bach exactly 150 years before , and it is the first such solo composition for the modern Böhm flute, perfected in 1847... ; La mer La Mer (Debussy) La mer, trois esquisses symphoniques pour orchestre , or simply La mer , is an orchestral composition by the French composer Claude Debussy. It was started in 1903 in France and completed in 1905 on the English Channel coast in Eastbourne... ; Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune , commonly known by its English title Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun, is a symphonic poem for orchestra by Claude Debussy, approximately 10 minutes in duration... ; Préludes Preludes (Debussy) Claude Debussy's Préludes are two sets of pieces for solo piano. They are divided into two separate livres, or books, of twelve preludes each. Unlike previous collections of preludes, like those of JS Bach and Chopin, Debussy's do not follow a strict pattern of key signatures.Each book was written...	Impressionism Impressionist music Impressionism in music was a tendency in European classical music, mainly in France, which appeared in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. Similarly to its precursor in the visual arts, musical impressionism focuses on a suggestion and an atmosphere...
Frederick Delius Frederick Delius Frederick Theodore Albert Delius, CH was an English composer. Born in the north of England to a prosperous mercantile family of German extraction, he resisted attempts to recruit him to commerce...	1862	1934	English	The Walk to the Paradise Garden from A Village Romeo and Juliet A Village Romeo and Juliet A Village Romeo and Juliet is an opera by Frederick Delius, the fourth of his six operas. The composer himself, with his wife Jelka, wrote the English-language libretto based on the short story Romeo und Julia auf dem Dorfe by the Swiss author Gottfried Keller. The first performance was at the... (opera); On Hearing the First Cuckoo in Spring On Hearing the First Cuckoo in Spring On Hearing the First Cuckoo in Spring is a tone poem composed in 1912 by Frederick Delius; it was first performed in Leipzig on October 2, 1913....	Impressionism Impressionist music Impressionism in music was a tendency in European classical music, mainly in France, which appeared in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. Similarly to its precursor in the visual arts, musical impressionism focuses on a suggestion and an atmosphere...
Edward German Edward German Sir Edward German was an English musician and composer of Welsh descent, best remembered for his extensive output of incidental music for the stage and as a successor to Arthur Sullivan in the field of English comic opera.As a youth, German played the violin and led the town orchestra, also...	1862	1936	English	Merrie England Merrie England (opera) Merrie England is an English comic opera in two acts by Edward German to a libretto by Basil Hood. The patriotic story concerns love and rivalries at the court of Queen Elizabeth I, who is portrayed as jealous of the affection of Sir Walter Raleigh for Bessie Throckmorton. Its sunny depiction of... ; A Princess of Kensington A Princess of Kensington A Princess of Kensington is an English comic opera in two acts by Edward German to a libretto by Basil Hood, produced by William Greet. The first performance was at the Savoy Theatre, London, on 22 January 1903 and ran for 115 performances.... ; Tom Jones Tom Jones (opera) Tom Jones is a comic opera in three acts by Edward German founded upon Henry Fielding's 1749 novel, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, with a libretto by Robert Courtneidge and Alexander M. Thompson and lyrics by Charles H. Taylor....
Alberto Williams Alberto Williams Alberto Williams was an Argentine symphonic composer and conductor.-Life and work:Alberto Williams was born to in Buenos Aires, in 1862. A maternal grandfather, Amancio Jacinto Alcorta, had been a respected government and banking policy-maker, as well as a well-known composer of sacred music...	1862	1952	Argentine	136 works (9 symphonies)	Folk music Folk music Folk music is an English term encompassing both traditional folk music and contemporary folk music. The term originated in the 19th century. Traditional folk music has been defined in several ways: as music transmitted by mouth, as music of the lower classes, and as music with unknown composers....  influences
Pietro Mascagni Pietro Mascagni Pietro Antonio Stefano Mascagni was an Italian composer most noted for his operas. His 1890 masterpiece Cavalleria rusticana caused one of the greatest sensations in opera history and single-handedly ushered in the Verismo movement in Italian dramatic music...	1863	1945	Italian	Cavalleria rusticana Cavalleria rusticana Cavalleria rusticana is an opera in one act by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti and Guido Menasci, adapted from a play written by Giovanni Verga based on his short story. Considered one of the classic verismo operas, it premiered on May 17, 1890 at the Teatro... (opera)	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Eugen d'Albert Eugen d'Albert Eugen Francis Charles d'Albert was a Scottish-born German pianist and composer.Educated in Britain, d'Albert showed early musical talent and, at the age of seventeen, he won a scholarship to study in Austria...	1864	1932	Russian	Tiefland Tiefland (opera) Tiefland is an opera in a prologue and three acts by Eugen d'Albert, to a libretto in German by Rudolph Lothar. Based on the 1896 Catalan play Terra baixa by Àngel Guimerà, Tiefland was d'Albert's seventh opera, and is the one which is now the best known.-Performance history:Tiefland was first... (opera)	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Hugh Blair Hugh Blair (composer) Hugh Blair was an English musician, composer and organist.He was Organist of Worcester Cathedral from 1895 to 1897, having been Acting Organist before that time...	1864	1932	English	Magnificat; Nunc Dimittis for double choir
Alexander Gretchaninov Alexander Gretchaninov Alexander Tikhonovich Gretchaninov was a Russian Romantic composer.-His life:Gretchaninov started his musical studies rather late because his father, a businessman, had expected the boy to take over the family firm...	1864	1956	Russian
Guy Ropartz	1864	1955	French		Impressionism Impressionist music Impressionism in music was a tendency in European classical music, mainly in France, which appeared in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. Similarly to its precursor in the visual arts, musical impressionism focuses on a suggestion and an atmosphere...
Richard Strauss Richard Strauss Richard Georg Strauss was a leading German composer of the late Romantic and early modern eras. He is known for his operas, which include Der Rosenkavalier and Salome; his Lieder, especially his Four Last Songs; and his tone poems and orchestral works, such as Death and Transfiguration, Till...	1864	1949	German	An Alpine Symphony; Also sprach Zarathustra Also sprach Zarathustra (Richard Strauss) Also sprach Zarathustra, Op. 30 is a tone poem by Richard Strauss, composed in 1896 and inspired by Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophical treatise of the same name. The composer conducted its first performance on 27 November 1896 in Frankfurt... ; Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks; Der Rosenkavalier Der Rosenkavalier Der Rosenkavalier is a comic opera in three acts by Richard Strauss to an original German libretto by Hugo von Hofmannsthal. It is loosely adapted from the novel Les amours du chevalier de Faublas by Louvet de Couvrai and Molière’s comedy Monsieur de Pourceaugnac... (opera); Oboe Concerto, Salome Salome (opera) Salome is an opera in one act by Richard Strauss to a German libretto by the composer, based on Hedwig Lachmann’s German translation of the French play Salomé by Oscar Wilde. Strauss dedicated the opera to his friend Sir Edgar Speyer.... (opera); Ein Heldenleben Ein Heldenleben Ein Heldenleben, Op. 40, is a tone poem by Richard Strauss. The work was completed in 1898, and heralds the composer's more mature period in this genre...	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Eduardo di Capua Eduardo di Capua Eduardo di Capua was an Italian singer and songwriter.-Biography:He was born in Naples in 1865. Together with the poet Giovanni Capurro, di Capua wrote the song "'O Sole Mio", which has since been recorded by many singers, both classical and popular...	1865	1917	Italian
Paul Dukas Paul Dukas Paul Abraham Dukas was a French composer, critic, scholar and teacher. A studious man, of retiring personality, he was intensely self-critical, and he abandoned and destroyed many of his compositions...	1865	1935	French	The Sorcerer's Apprentice The Sorcerer's Apprentice (Dukas) For the 2010 film produced by Jerry Bruckheimer, see The Sorcerer's Apprentice .The Sorcerer's Apprentice is a symphonic poem by the French composer Paul Dukas, written in 1896-97. Subtitled "Scherzo after a ballad by Goethe," the piece was inspired by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's 1797 poem of the... ; La Péri (ballet)
Alexander Glazunov Alexander Glazunov Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov was a Russian composer of the late Russian Romantic period, music teacher and conductor...	1865	1936	Russian	Symphony No. 4 Symphony No. 4 (Glazunov) The Symphony No. 4 in E flat major, Op. 48, was written by Alexander Glazunov in 1893. The symphony was a departure from Glazunov's three earlier symphonies, which were based on nationalistic Russian tunes and, according to the composer, allowed him to give "personal, free, and subjective...  and No. 5 Symphony No. 5 (Glazunov) The Symphony No. 5 in B flat major, Op. 55 , was written by Alexander Glazunov from April to October of 1895. Although in this symphony Glazunov returned to his conventional four-movement layout he avoids theme transformation... ; The Seasons The Seasons (ballet) The Seasons is an allegorical ballet in one act, four scenes, by the choreographer Marius Petipa, with music by Alexander Glazunov, his Op. 67. The work was composed in 1899, and was first performed by the Imperial Ballet in 1900 in St... (ballet); Violin Concerto Violin Concerto (Glazunov) The Violin Concerto in A minor, Op. 82, by Alexander Glazunov is one of his most popular compositions. Written in 1904, the concerto was dedicated to violinist Leopold Auer, who gave the first performance at a Russian Musical Society concert in St. Petersburg on February 15, 1905... ; Saxophone Concerto Saxophone Concerto (Glazunov) The Concerto in E flat major for alto saxophone and string orchestra was written by Alexander Glazunov in 1934. The piece lasts about fourteen minutes and is played without pause...	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Albéric Magnard Albéric Magnard Lucien Denis Gabriel Albéric Magnard was a French composer, sometimes referred to as the "French Bruckner", though there are significant differences between the two composers...	1865	1914	French	Guercoeur Guercoeur Guercoeur is an opera in three acts by the French composer Albéric Magnard to his own libretto. It was first performed posthumously at the Paris Opéra on 24 April 1931, though it had mostly been written between 1897 and 1901... (opera), 4 Symphonies, String Quartet
Carl Nielsen Carl Nielsen Carl August Nielsen , , widely recognised as Denmark's greatest composer, was also a conductor and a violinist. Brought up by poor but musically talented parents on the island of Funen, he demonstrated his musical abilities at an early age...	1865	1931	Danish	Symphony No. 4 Symphony No. 4 (Nielsen) Symphony No. 4 "The Inextinguishable", Op. 29, FS 76, by Danish composer Carl Nielsen, was completed in 1916. Composed against the backdrop of the First World War, this symphony is among the most dramatic that Nielsen wrote, featuring a "battle" between two sets of timpani.-Origin:Danish Composer... , and No. 5 Symphony No. 5 (Nielsen) Symphony No. 5, Op. 50, FS 97 is a symphony composed by Carl Nielsen in Denmark between 1920 and 1922. It was first performed in Copenhagen on 24 January 1922 with the composer conducting. It is one of the two of Nielsen's six symphonies lacking a subtitle.... ; Maskarade (opera); Clarinet Concerto Clarinet Concerto (Nielsen) Carl Nielsen's Concerto for Clarinet and orchestra, op. 57 [D.F.129] was written for Danish clarinetist Aage Oxenvad in 1928. The concerto is presented in one long movement, with four distinct theme groups.-History:...
Paul Gilson Paul Gilson Paul Gilson was a Belgian musician and composer.-Biography:Gilson was born in Brussels. In 1866, his family moved to Ruisbroek in the Belgian province of Brabant. There he studied theory with the organist and choir director Auguste Cantillon, and began writing works for orchestra and choir...	1865	1942	Belgian
Jean Sibelius Jean Sibelius Jean Sibelius was a Finnish composer of the later Romantic period whose music played an important role in the formation of the Finnish national identity. His mastery of the orchestra has been described as "prodigious."...	1865	1957	Finnish	Symphony No. 1 Symphony No. 1 (Sibelius) Jean Sibelius's Symphony No. 1 in E minor, Op. 39 was written in 1898, when Sibelius was 33. The work was first performed on 26 April 1899 by the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra, conducted by the composer, in an original version which has not survived. After the premiere, Sibelius made some... , No. 2 Symphony No. 2 (Sibelius) Jean Sibelius's Symphony No. 2 in D major, Opus 43 was started in Winter 1900 in Rapallo, Italy, and finished in 1902 in Finland. It was first performed by the Helsinki Philharmonic Society on 8 March 1902, with the composer conducting... , No. 5 Symphony No. 5 (Sibelius) Symphony No. 5 in E flat major, Op. 82 is a major work for orchestra in three movements by Jean Sibelius.-History:Sibelius was commissioned to write this symphony by the Finnish government in honor of his 50th birthday, which had been declared a national holiday. The symphony was originally... , and No. 7 Symphony No. 7 (Sibelius) The Symphony No. 7 in C major, Op. 105, was the final published symphony of Jean Sibelius. Completed in 1924, the Seventh is notable for being a one-movement symphony, in contrast to the standard symphonic formula of four movements... ; Violin Concerto Violin Concerto (Sibelius) The Violin Concerto in D minor, Op. 47, was written by Jean Sibelius in 1904.-History:Sibelius originally dedicated the concerto to the noted violinist Willy Burmester, who promised to play the concerto in Berlin... ; The Swan of Tuonela; Finlandia Finlandia Finlandia is a symphonic poem by Jean Sibelius.Finlandia may also refer to:* Finlandia Hymn, a section of the Sibelius symphonic poem Finlandia* Finlandia University, a private university located in Hancock, Michigan, USA...
Francesco Cilea Francesco Cilea Francesco Cilea was an Italian composer. Today he is particularly known for his operas L'arlesiana and Adriana Lecouvreur.-Biography:...	1866	1950	Italian	L'arlesiana L'arlesiana L'arlesiana is an opera in three acts by Francesco Cilea to an Italian libretto by Leopoldo Marenco. It was originally written in four acts, and was first performed on 27 November 1897 at the Teatro Lirico di Milano in Milan... (opera); Adriana Lecouvreur Adriana Lecouvreur Adriana Lecouvreur is an opera in four acts by Francesco Cilea to an Italian libretto by Arturo Colautti, based on the play by Eugène Scribe and Ernest Legouvé... (opera)
Ferruccio Busoni Ferruccio Busoni Ferruccio Busoni was an Italian composer, pianist, editor, writer, piano and composition teacher, and conductor.-Biography:...	1866	1924	Italian	Fantasia contrappuntistica Fantasia Contrappuntistica Fantasia contrappuntistica is a solo piano piece composed by Ferruccio Busoni in 1910. Busoni created several versions of the work including several for solo piano, and one for two pianos. It has been arranged for organ and for orchestra since the composer's death.The work is in large part a... ; Turandot Suite Turandot Suite The Turandot Suite, Op. 41 is an orchestral work by Ferruccio Busoni written in 1904-5, based on Carlo Gozzi's play Turandot. The music – in one form or another – occupied Busoni at various times between the years 1904-1917. Busoni arranged the suite from incidental music which he was... ; Piano Concerto Piano Concerto (Busoni) The Piano Concerto in C major, Op. 39 , by Ferruccio Busoni, is one of the largest works ever written in this particular genre. The concerto is in five movements, the last of which also utilizes a male chorus singing words from the final scene of the verse drama Aladdin by Adam Oehlenschläger.The...
Erik Satie Erik Satie Éric Alfred Leslie Satie was a French composer and pianist. Satie was a colourful figure in the early 20th century Parisian avant-garde...	1866	1925	French	Gymnopédies; Gnossiennes; Vexations Vexations Vexations is a noted musical work by Erik Satie. Apparently conceived for keyboard , it consists of a short theme in the bass whose four presentations are alternatively heard unaccompanied and played with chords above... ; other piano music	Minimalism Minimalism Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is set out to expose the essence, essentials or identity of a subject through eliminating all non-essential forms, features or concepts... , avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
Amy Beach Amy Beach Amy Marcy Cheney Beach was an American composer and pianist. She was the first successful American female composer of large-scale art music. Most of her compositions and performances were under the name Mrs. H.H.A. Beach.-Early years:Beach was born Amy Marcy Cheney in Henniker, New Hampshire into...	1867	1944	American
Umberto Giordano Umberto Giordano Umberto Menotti Maria Giordano was an Italian composer, mainly of operas.He was born in Foggia in Puglia, southern Italy, and studied under Paolo Serrao at the Conservatoire of Naples...	1867	1948	Italian	Siberia Siberia (opera) Siberia is an opera in three acts by Umberto Giordano from a libretto by Luigi Illica. There is no direct source for the plot of Siberia and it is quite possible that this is an original work by Illica... ; Madame Sans-Gêne Madame Sans-Gêne (opera) Madame Sans-Gêne is an opera in three acts by Umberto Giordano. The libretto was taken from Victorien Sardou and Emile Moreau's play, adapted for the opera by Renato Simoni.-Performance history:... ; La cena delle beffe La cena delle beffe La cena delle beffe is an opera in four acts composed by Umberto Giordano to an Italian libretto by Sem Benelli adapted from his play of the same name...	Verismo Verismo Verismo was an Italian literary movement which peaked between approximately 1875 and the early 1900s....
Enrique Granados Enrique Granados Enrique Granados y Campiña was a Spanish pianist and composer of classical music. His music is in a uniquely Spanish style and, as such, representative of musical nationalism...	1867	1916	Spanish	Goyescas Goyescas Goyescas, Op. 11, subtitled Los majos enamorados , is a piano suite written in 1911 by Spanish composer Enrique Granados. This piano suite is usually considered Granados's crowning creation and was inspired by the paintings of Francisco Goya, although the piano pieces have not been authoritatively... (piano suite); Goyescas Goyescas (opera) Goyescas is an opera in one act and three tableaux, written in 1915 by the Spanish composer Enrique Granados. Granados composed the opera to a Spanish libretto by Fernando Periquet y Zuaznabar with melodies taken from his 1911 piano suite, which was also called Goyescas... (opera)
Charles Koechlin Charles Koechlin Charles Louis Eugène Koechlin was a French composer, teacher and writer on music. He was a political radical all his life and a passionate enthusiast for such diverse things as medieval music, The Jungle Book of Rudyard Kipling, Johann Sebastian Bach, film stars , travelling, stereoscopic...	1867	1950	French
Wilhelm Peterson-Berger Wilhelm Peterson-Berger Olof Wilhelm Peterson-Berger was a Swedish composer and music critic...	1867	1942	Swedish	5 symphonies; Frösöblomster	Romantic nationalism Romantic nationalism Romantic nationalism is the form of nationalism in which the state derives its political legitimacy as an organic consequence of the unity of those it governs...
Hermann Bischoff Hermann Bischoff Hermann Bischoff was a German composer of classical music.After leaving Leipzig to continue his first studies of music, he met Richard Strauss and fell in with his circle....	1868	1936	German	2 symphonies
Oskar Merikanto Oskar Merikanto Oskar Merikanto was a Finnish musician and composer.He was born to Swedish-speaking parents in Helsinki. His father, originally Frank Mattsson, changed the family name to sound more Finnish....	1868	1924	Finnish
Hans Pfitzner Hans Pfitzner Hans Erich Pfitzner was a German composer and self-described anti-modernist. His best known work is the post-Romantic opera Palestrina, loosely based on the life of the great sixteenth-century composer Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina.-Biography:Pfitzner was born in Moscow, Russia, where his...	1869	1949	German	Palestrina Palestrina (opera) Palestrina is an opera by the German composer Hans Pfitzner, first performed in 1917. The composer referred to it as a Musikalische Legende , and wrote the libretto himself, based on a legend about the Renaissance musician Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, who saves the art of contrapuntal music ... (opera)
Albert Roussel Albert Roussel Albert Charles Paul Marie Roussel was a French composer. He spent seven years as a midshipman, turned to music as an adult, and became one of the most prominent French composers of the interwar period...	1869	1937	French	Symphony No. 3 and No. 4; Bacchus et Ariane Bacchus and Ariadne (ballet) Bacchus and Ariadne opus 43 is a ballet score by the French composer Albert Roussel written in 1930.-Ballet:Its composition roughly coincides with that of Roussel's third symphony and describes the abduction of Ariadne by Dionysus... (ballet)	Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Henry Eichheim Henry Eichheim Henry Eichheim was an American composer, conductor, violinist, organologist, and ethnomusicologist. He is best known as one of the first American composers to combine the sound of indigenous Asian instruments with western orchestral colors.- Life :He was born in Chicago, where he studied at the...	1870	1942	American
Leopold Godowsky Leopold Godowsky Leopold Godowsky was a famed Polish American pianist, composer, and teacher. One of the most highly regarded performers of his time, he became known for his theories concerning the application of relaxed weight and economy of motion in piano playing, principles later propagated by Godowsky's...	1870	1938	Polish	Studies on Chopin's Études Studies on Chopin's Etudes The Studies on Chopin's Études, by Leopold Godowsky, is a set of 53 arrangements of Chopin's études. The Studies on Chopin's Études, by Leopold Godowsky, is a set of 53 arrangements of Chopin's études. The Studies on Chopin's Études, by Leopold Godowsky, is a set of 53 arrangements of Chopin's... ; Passacaglia Passacaglia (Godowsky) Passacaglia is a solo piano composition by the composer Leopold Godowsky. It was completed in New York, on October 21, 1927. The composition commemorates the one hundredth anniversary of the death of Franz Schubert... ; Triakontameron Triakontameron The Triakontameron is a suite of 30 pieces for piano composed in 1920 by Leopold Godowsky; each was written in a single day, and all are written in three-quarter time. The title was inspired by that of Boccaccio's Decameron. Among the best-known excerpts of the suite are Alt Wien, Nocturnal...
Alfred Hill Alfred Hill Alfred Francis Hill CMG OBE was an Australian/New Zealand composer, conductor and teacher.-Biography:Alfred Hill was born in Melbourne in 1869. His year of birth is shown in many sources as 1870, but this has now been disproven. He spent most of his early life in New Zealand...	1870	1960	Australian
Franz Lehár Franz Lehár Franz Lehár was an Austrian-Hungarian composer. He is mainly known for his operettas of which the most successful and best known is The Merry Widow .-Biography:...	1870	1948	Hungarian	operettas
Vítězslav Novák Vítezslav Novák Vítězslav Novák was one of the most well-respected Czech composers and pedagogues, almost singlehandedly founding a mid-century Czech school of composition...	1870	1949	Czech
Florent Schmitt Florent Schmitt Florent Schmitt was a French composer.-Early life:A Lorrainer, born in Meurthe-et-Moselle, Schmitt originally took music lessons in Nancy with the local composer Gustave Sandré. Subsequently he entered the Paris Conservatoire. There he studied with Gabriel Fauré, Jules Massenet, Théodore Dubois,...	1870	1958	French
Charles Tournemire Charles Tournemire Charles Tournemire was a French composer and organist, notable partly for his improvisations, which were often rooted in the music of Gregorian chant...	1870	1939	French	8 symphonies, organ music
Louis Vierne Louis Vierne Louis Victor Jules Vierne was a French organist and composer.-Life:Louis Vierne was born in Poitiers, Vienne, nearly blind due to congenital cataracts, but at an early age was discovered to have an unusual gift for music. Louis Victor Jules Vierne (8 October 1870 – 2 June 1937) was a French...	1870	1937	French
Wilhelm Stenhammar Wilhelm Stenhammar Carl Wilhelm Eugen Stenhammar was a Swedish composer, conductor and pianist.-Biography:Stenhammar was born in Stockholm, where he received his first musical education. He then went to Berlin to further his studies in music. He became a glowing admirer of German music, particularly that of Richard...	1871	1927	Swedish	Symphony No. 2; 6 String Quartets; piano music	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Alexander von Zemlinsky Alexander von Zemlinsky Alexander Zemlinsky or Alexander von Zemlinsky was an Austrian composer, conductor, and teacher.-Early life:...	1871	1942	Austrian	Lyric Symphony Lyric Symphony (Zemlinsky) The Lyric Symphony op.18 was composed by Alexander Zemlinsky between 1922 and 1923 and received its premiere in Prague onJune 4 1924 under the composer's direction. It is Zemlinsky's best-known work.... and other orchestral works; operas	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Hugo Alfvén Hugo Alfvén was a Swedish composer, conductor, violinist, and painter.- Violinist :Alfvén was born in Stockholm and studied at the Music Conservatory there from 1887 to 1891 with the violin as his main instrument, receiving lessons from Lars Zetterquist. He also took private composition lessons from Johan...	1872	1960	Swedish	Symphony No. 4: From the Outermost Skerries; Midsummer Vigil	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Stanislav Binički Stanislav Binicki Stanislav Binički , was a Serbian composer, conductor, and pedagogue.Binički, who was born in Jasika, Kruševac, is considered to be one of the most famous representatives of Serbian classical music...	1872	1942	Serbian	Marš na Drinu
Julius Fučík Julius Fucík (composer) Julius Arnost Wilhelm Fučík was a Czech composer and conductor of military bands.Fučík spent most of his life as the leader of military brass bands. He became a prolific composer, with over 300 marches, polkas, and waltzes to his name...	1872	1916	Czech	Entrance of the Gladiators Entrance of the Gladiators "Entrance of the Gladiators" or "Entry of the Gladiators" is a military march composed in 1897 by the Czech composer Julius Fučík...
Rubin Goldmark Rubin Goldmark Rubin Goldmark was an American composer, pianist, and educator. Although in his time he was an often performed American nationalist composer, his works are seldom played – instead he is known as the teacher of Aaron Copland and George Gershwin...	1872	1936	American
Alexander Scriabin Alexander Scriabin Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin was a Russian composer and pianist who initially developed a lyrical and idiosyncratic tonal language inspired by the music of Frédéric Chopin. Quite independent of the innovations of Arnold Schoenberg, Scriabin developed an increasingly atonal musical system,...	1872	1915	Russian	The Poem of Ecstasy The Poem of Ecstasy Alexander Scriabin's The Poem of Ecstasy op. 54 is a symphonic poem written between 1905 and 1908, when Scriabin was actively involved with the Theosophical Society... ; Prometheus: The Poem of Fire; 10 piano sonatas	Mysticism Mysticism Mysticism is the knowledge of, and especially the personal experience of, states of consciousness, i.e. levels of being, beyond normal human perception, including experience and even communion with a supreme being.-Classical origins:...
Ralph Vaughan Williams Ralph Vaughan Williams Ralph Vaughan Williams OM was an English composer of symphonies, chamber music, opera, choral music, and film scores. He was also a collector of English folk music and song: this activity both influenced his editorial approach to the English Hymnal, beginning in 1904, in which he included many...	1872	1958	English	A Sea Symphony; A London Symphony A London Symphony A London Symphony is the second symphony composed by Ralph Vaughan Williams. The work is sometimes referred to as the Symphony No. 2, though it was not designated as such by the composer... ; Sinfonia antartica; Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis; Fantasia on Greensleeves	folk-influenced
Joseph Jongen Joseph Jongen Marie-Alphonse-Nicolas-Joseph Jongen was a Belgian organist, composer, and music educator.-Biography:Jongen was born in Liège. On the strength of an amazing precocity for music, he was admitted to the Liège Conservatoire at the extraordinarily young age of seven, and spent the next sixteen years...	1873	1953	Belgian	Symphonie Concertante for organ and orchestra
Sergei Rachmaninoff Sergei Rachmaninoff Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff was a Russian composer, pianist, and conductor. Rachmaninoff is widely considered one of the finest pianists of his day and, as a composer, one of the last great representatives of Romanticism in Russian classical music...	1873	1943	Russian	Piano Concerto No. 2 Piano Concerto No. 2 (Rachmaninoff) The Piano Concerto No. 2 in C minor, Op. 18, is a concerto for piano and orchestra composed by Sergei Rachmaninoff between the autumn of 1900 and April 1901. The second and third movements were first performed with the composer as soloist on 2 December 1900...  and No. 3 Piano Concerto No. 3 (Rachmaninoff) The Piano Concerto No. 3 in D minor, Op. 30, composed in 1909 by Sergei Rachmaninoff is famous for its technical and musical demands on the performer... ; Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini The Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini in A minor, Op. 43 is a concertante work written by Sergei Rachmaninoff. It is written for solo piano and symphony orchestra, closely resembling a piano concerto. The work was written at Villa Senar, according to the score, from July 3 to August 18, 1934... ; Symphony No. 2 Symphony No. 2 (Rachmaninoff) Symphony No. 2 in E minor, Op. 27 is a music piece by Russian composer Sergei Rachmaninoff, created in 1906–07. The premiere was conducted by the composer himself in St. Petersburg on 8 February 1908. Its duration is approximately 60 minutes when performed uncut; cut performances can be as... ; Prelude in C-sharp minor	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Jean Roger-Ducasse Jean Roger-Ducasse Jean Jules Amable Roger-Ducasse was a French composer.-Biography:Jean Roger-Ducasse studied at the Paris Conservatoire with Emile Pessard and André Gedalge, and was the star pupil and close friend of Gabriel Fauré...	1873	1954	French
Nikolai Tcherepnin Nikolai Tcherepnin Nikolai Nikolayevich Tcherepnin was a Russian composer, pianist, and conductor. He was born in Saint Petersburg and studied under Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory...	1873	1945	Russian
Max Reger Max Reger Johann Baptist Joseph Maximilian Reger was a German composer, conductor, pianist, organist, and academic teacher.-Life:...	1873	1916	German	organ music, Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Mozart Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Mozart The Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Mozart, Op. 132, is a set of variations for orchestra composed in 1914 by Max Reger; the composer conducted the premiere in Berlin on February 5, 1915.-Description:... , Hebbel Requiem Requiem (Reger) The Requiem, Op. 144b, is a late Romantic composition of Max Reger, also called Hebbel Requiem, a setting of Friedrich Hebbel's poem Requiem. Reger wrote it in 1915 for alto solo, chorus and orchestra...	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Charles Ives Charles Ives Charles Edward Ives was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though Ives' music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, Ives came to be regarded as an "American Original"...	1874	1954	American	The Unanswered Question The Unanswered Question The Unanswered Question is a work by American composer Charles Ives. It was originally the first of "Two Contemplations" composed in 1906, paired with another piece called Central Park in the Dark. As with many of Ives' works, it was largely unknown until much later in his life, being first... ; Central Park in the Dark; Variations on America; Three Places in New England Three Places in New England The Three Places in New England is a composition for orchestra by Charles Ives. It was composed across a long span of time , however the bulk was written between 1911 and 1914. The piece is famous for its use of musical quotation and paraphrasing, as explained later in this article... ; Concord Sonata Piano Sonata No. 2 (Ives) The Piano Sonata No. 2, Concord, Mass., 1840–60 by Charles Ives, commonly known as the Concord Sonata, is one of the composer's best-known and most highly regarded pieces....	Avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , folk-influenced
Gustav Holst Gustav Holst Gustav Theodore Holst was an English composer. He is most famous for his orchestral suite The Planets....	1874	1934	English	The Planets The Planets The Planets, Op. 32, is a seven-movement orchestral suite by the English composer Gustav Holst, written between 1914 and 1916. Each movement of the suite is named after a planet of the Solar System and its corresponding astrological character as defined by Holst... ; Beni Mora; Egdon Heath Egdon Heath Egdon Heath is a fictitious area of Thomas Hardy's Wessex inhabited sparsely by the people who cut the furze that grows there. The entire action of Hardy's novel The Return of the Native takes place on Egdon Heath, and it also features in The Mayor of Casterbridge and the short story The Withered...
Franz Schmidt Franz Schmidt Franz Schmidt was an Austrian composer, cellist and pianist of Hungarian descent and origin.- Life :Schmidt was born in Pozsony , in the Hungarian part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire . His father was half Hungarian and his mother entirely Hungarian...	1874	1939	Austrian	The Book with Seven Seals; 4 symphonies
Arnold Schoenberg Arnold Schoenberg Arnold Schoenberg was an Austrian composer, associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art, and leader of the Second Viennese School...	1874	1951	Austrian	Gurre-Lieder Gurre-Lieder Gurre-Lieder is a massive cantata for five vocal soloists, narrator, chorus and large orchestra, composed by Arnold Schoenberg, on poems by the Danish novelist Jens Peter Jacobsen... ; Verklärte Nacht Verklärte Nacht Verklärte Nacht , Op. 4, is a string sextet in one movement composed by Arnold Schoenberg in 1899 and his earliest important work... ; Variations for Orchestra; Pierrot Lunaire Pierrot Lunaire Dreimal sieben Gedichte aus Albert Girauds 'Pierrot lunaire' , commonly known simply as Pierrot Lunaire, Op. 21 , is a melodrama by Arnold Schoenberg... ; Five Pieces for Orchestra Five Pieces for Orchestra The Five Pieces for Orchestra Op. 16 was composed by Arnold Schoenberg in 1909. The titles of the pieces, reluctantly added by the composer after the work's completion upon the request of his publisher, are as follows:...	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution... , later Expressionism Expressionism Expressionism was a modernist movement, initially in poetry and painting, originating in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. Its typical trait is to present the world solely from a subjective perspective, distorting it radically for emotional effect in order to evoke moods or ideas...  and Serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... ; founder of the Second Viennese School Second Viennese School The Second Viennese School is the group of composers that comprised Arnold Schoenberg and his pupils and close associates in early 20th century Vienna, where he lived and taught, sporadically, between 1903 and 1925...
Josef Suk Josef Suk (composer) Josef Suk was a Czech composer and violinist.- Life :Suk was born in Křečovice. He studied at Prague Conservatory from 1885 to 1892, where he was a pupil of Antonín Dvořák and Antonín Bennewitz. In 1898, he married Dvořák's eldest daughter, Otilie Dvořáková , affectionately known as Otilka...	1874	1935	Czech	Asrael Symphony; A Winter's Tale
Franco Alfano Franco Alfano Franco Alfano was an Italian composer and pianist. Best known today for his opera Risurrezione and above all for having completed Puccini's opera Turandot in 1926. He had considerable success with several of his own works during his lifetime.- Biography :He was born in Posillipo, Naples...	1875	1954	Italian
Julián Carrillo Julián Carrillo Julián Carrillo Trujillo was a Mexican composer, conductor, violinist and music theorist, famous for developing a theory of microtonal music which he dubbed "The Thirteenth Sound" .-Biography:...	1875	1965	Mexican	13th sound	Microtonal music Microtonal music Microtonal music is music using microtones—intervals of less than an equally spaced semitone. Microtonal music can also refer to music which uses intervals not found in the Western system of 12 equal intervals to the octave.-Terminology:...
Samuel Coleridge-Taylor Samuel Coleridge-Taylor Samuel Coleridge-Taylor was an English composer who achieved such success that he was once called the "African Mahler".-Early life and education:...	1875	1912	English	The Song of Hiawatha The Song of Hiawatha (Coleridge-Taylor) The Song of Hiawatha, Op. 30, is a trilogy of cantatas by Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, produced between 1898 and 1900. The first part, Hiawatha's Wedding Feast, was particularly famous for many years and it made the composer's name known throughout the world.-Background:In 1898, Coleridge-Taylor was... (cantata)
Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis Mikalojus Konstantinas Ciurlionis Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis , also known as M. K. Čiurlionis was a Lithuanian painter and composer. Čiurlionis contributed to symbolism and art nouveau and was representative of the fin de siècle epoch. During his short life he composed about 250 pieces of music and created about 300 paintings...	1875	1911	Lithuanian
Reinhold Glière Reinhold Glière Reinhold Moritzevich Glière was a Russian and Soviet composer of German–Polish descent.- Biography :Glière was born in Kiev, Ukraine...	1875	1956	Russian	Horn Concerto Horn Concerto (Glière) -Background:Reinhold Glière's Concerto for Horn and Orchestra in B-flat major, Op.91 was completed in 1951. It was premiered on May 10, 1951 by Russian hornist Valery Polekh in Leningrad with the Leningrad Radio Symphony Orchestra.... ; The Red Poppy The Red Poppy The Red Poppy or sometimes The Red Flower is a ballet in three acts and an apotheosis; score written by Reinhold Glière and a scenario by Mikhail Kurilko. This ballet was created in 1927 as the first Soviet ballet with a modern revolutionary theme....	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Erkki Melartin Erkki Melartin Erkki Melartin was a Finnish composer and pupil of Martin Wegelius from 1892-99 in Helsinki, and Robert Fuchs from 1899-1901 in Vienna. He shares identical birth and death years with the composer Maurice Ravel....	1875	1937	Finnish
Maurice Ravel Maurice Ravel Joseph-Maurice Ravel was a French composer known especially for his melodies, orchestral and instrumental textures and effects...	1875	1937	French	Daphnis et Chloé Daphnis et Chloé Daphnis et Chloé is a ballet with music by Maurice Ravel. Ravel described it as a "symphonie choréographique" . The scenario was adapted by Michel Fokine from an eponymous romance by the Greek writer Longus thought to date from around the 2nd century AD... ; Valses nobles et sentimentales Valses nobles et sentimentales (Ravel) The Valses nobles et sentimentales is a suite of waltzes composed by Maurice Ravel. The piano version was published in 1911, and an orchestral version was published in 1912. The suite contains an eclectic blend of Impressionist and Modernist music, which is especially evident in the orchestrated... ; Rapsodie espagnole Rapsodie espagnole Rapsodie espagnole is an orchestral rhapsody written by Maurice Ravel. Composed between 1907 and 1908, the Rapsodie represents one of Ravel's first major works for orchestra.... ; Tzigane; Piano Concerto; Bolero; piano music	Impressionism Impressionist music Impressionism in music was a tendency in European classical music, mainly in France, which appeared in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. Similarly to its precursor in the visual arts, musical impressionism focuses on a suggestion and an atmosphere... , Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Hakon Børresen	1876	1954	Danish		romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Havergal Brian Havergal Brian Havergal Brian , was a British classical composer.Brian acquired a legendary status at the time of his rediscovery in the 1950s and 1960s for the many symphonies he had managed to write. By the end of his life he had completed 32, an unusually large number for any composer since Haydn or Mozart...	1876	1972	English	more than 30 symphonies, including the Gothic Symphony
John Alden Carpenter John Alden Carpenter John Alden Carpenter was an American composer.-Biography:Born in Park Ridge, Illinois, Carpenter was raised in a musical household. He was educated at Harvard University, where he studied under John Knowles Paine, and was president of the Glee Club and wrote music for the Hasty-Pudding Club...	1876	1951	American
Mieczysław Karłowicz	1876	1909	Polish	Stanislaw i Anna Oświęcimovie, op. 12; Lithuanian Rhapsody, op.11; Symphony in E Minor, op. 7; Serenade for Strings, op. 2, in C Major; Violin Concerto, op. 8, in A Major	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Manuel de Falla Manuel de Falla Manuel de Falla y Matheu was a Spanish Andalusian composer of classical music. With Isaac Albéniz, Enrique Granados and Joaquín Turina he is one of Spain's most important musicians of the first half of the 20th century....	1876	1946	Spanish	The Three-Cornered Hat; Nights in the Gardens of Spain Nights in the Gardens of Spain Nights in the Gardens of Spain is a piece of music by the Spanish composer Manuel de Falla...	Impressionism Impressionist music Impressionism in music was a tendency in European classical music, mainly in France, which appeared in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. Similarly to its precursor in the visual arts, musical impressionism focuses on a suggestion and an atmosphere... , Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Carl Ruggles Carl Ruggles Charles "Carl" Sprague Ruggles was an American composer of the American Five group. He wrote finely crafted pieces using "dissonant counterpoint", a term coined by Charles Seeger to describe Ruggles' music...	1876	1971	American	Sun-Treader
Mikhail Savoyarov Mikhail Savoyarov Mikhail Savoyarov is a Russian chansonnier, composer, poet, comic actor and mime. In the first quarter of 20th century he was a famous satirical singer-songwriter. His popularity peak was in the years of war when he began to be called the King of eccentrics. It was also the time when he became...	1876	1941	Russian	The Drunken Moon, Trumpeters, Because of the Ladies	chansonnier Chansonnier A chansonnier is a manuscript or printed book which contains a collection of chansons, or polyphonic and monophonic settings of songs, hence literally "song-books," although some manuscripts are so called even though they preserve the text but not the music A chansonnier is a manuscript or... , light music Light music Light music is a generic term applied to a mainly British musical style of "light" orchestral music, which originated in the 19th century and had its heyday during the early to mid part of the 20th century, although arguably it lasts to the present day.... , jazz-influenced
Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari was an Italian composer and teacher. He is best known for his comic operas such as Il segreto di Susanna...	1876	1948	Italian	Several comic operas
Sergei Bortkiewicz Sergei Bortkiewicz Sergei Bortkiewicz was a Ukrainian-born Russian Romantic composer and pianist.-Early life:Sergei Eduardovich Bortkiewicz was born in Kharkiv, Ukraine on 28 February 1877 in Polish noble family and spent most of his childhood on the family estate of Artëmovka, near Kharkiv...	1877	1952	Russian (Ukrainian-born)
Ernő Dohnányi Erno Dohnányi Ernő Dohnányi was a Hungarian conductor, composer, and pianist. He used the German form of his name Ernst von Dohnányi for most of his published compositions....	1877	1960	Hungarian	Variations on a Nursery Tune	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Sigfrid Karg-Elert Sigfrid Karg-Elert Sigfrid Karg-Elert was a German composer of considerable fame in the early twentieth century, best known for his compositions for organ and harmonium.-Biography:...	1877	1933	German		organ Organ (music) The organ , is a keyboard instrument of one or more divisions, each played with its own keyboard operated either with the hands or with the feet. The organ is a relatively old musical instrument in the Western musical tradition, dating from the time of Ctesibius of Alexandria who is credited with...  and harmonium Harmonium A harmonium is a free-standing keyboard instrument similar to a reed organ. Sound is produced by air being blown through sets of free reeds, resulting in a sound similar to that of an accordion...  works
Mykola Leontovych Mykola Leontovych Mykola Dmytrovych Leontovych was a Ukrainian composer, choral conductor, priest, and teacher of international renown. His music was inspired by Mykola Lysenko and the Ukrainian nationalist music school, along with Kyrylo Stetsenko, Alexander Koshetz, and Yakiv Stepovy...	1877	1921	Ukrainian	Shchedryk, church music, arrangements of folk songs	A capella choral music
Rutland Boughton Rutland Boughton Rutland Boughton was an English composer who became well known in the early 20th century as a composer of opera and choral music....	1878	1960	English
André Caplet André Caplet André Caplet was a French composer and conductor now known primarily through his orchestrations of works by Claude Debussy.-Biography:...	1878	1925	French
Mabel Wheeler Daniels Mabel Wheeler Daniels Mabel Wheeler Daniels was an American composer, conductor, and teacher. She attended Radcliffe College and studied with George Whitefield Chadwick before traveling to Germany for further study with Ludwig Thuille in Munich...	1878	1971	American
Joseph Holbrooke Joseph Holbrooke Joseph Charles Holbrooke was an English composer, conductor, and pianist. He was sometimes referred to as "the cockney Wagner".-Family:...	1878	1958	English
Franz Schreker Franz Schreker Franz Schreker was an Austrian composer, conductor, teacher and administrator. Primarily a composer of operas, his style is characterized by aesthetic plurality , timbral experimentation, strategies of extended tonality and...	1878	1934	Austrian	Several operas
Frank Bridge Frank Bridge Frank Bridge was an English composer and violist.-Life:Bridge was born in Brighton and studied at the Royal College of Music in London from 1899 to 1903 under Charles Villiers Stanford and others...	1879	1941	English	Enter Spring; The Sea	Impressionism Impressionist music Impressionism in music was a tendency in European classical music, mainly in France, which appeared in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. Similarly to its precursor in the visual arts, musical impressionism focuses on a suggestion and an atmosphere... , later Expressionism Expressionism Expressionism was a modernist movement, initially in poetry and painting, originating in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. Its typical trait is to present the world solely from a subjective perspective, distorting it radically for emotional effect in order to evoke moods or ideas... ; mentor of Benjamin Britten Benjamin Britten Edward Benjamin Britten, Baron Britten, OM CH was an English composer, conductor, and pianist. He showed talent from an early age, and first came to public attention with the a cappella choral work A Boy Was Born in 1934. With the premiere of his opera Peter Grimes in 1945, he leapt to...
Joseph Canteloube Joseph Canteloube Marie-Joseph Canteloube de Malaret was a French composer, musicologist, and author best known for his collections of orchestrated folksongs from the Auvergne region.-Biography:...	1879	1957	French	Chants d'Auvergne Chants d'Auvergne Chants d'Auvergne is a collection of folk songs from the Auvergne region of France arranged for soprano voice and orchestra or piano by Joseph Canteloube between 1923–1930. The songs are in the local language, Occitan...
Jean Cras Jean Cras Jean Émile Paul Cras was a 20th century French composer and career naval officer. His musical compositions were inspired by his native Brittany, his travels to Africa, and most of all, by his sea voyages...	1879	1932	French
Maurice Delage Maurice Delage Maurice Delage was a French composer and pianist.Delage was born and died in Paris. A student of Ravel and member of Les Apaches, he was influenced by travels to India and the East. Ravel's "La vallée des cloches" from Miroirs was dedicated to Delage.Delage's best known piece is Quatre poèmes...	1879	1961	French
Philippe Gaubert Philippe Gaubert Philippe Gaubert was a French musician who was a distinguished performer on the flute, a respected conductor, and a composer, primarily for the flute....	1879	1941	French
Hamilton Harty Hamilton Harty Sir Hamilton Harty was an Irish and British composer, conductor, pianist and organist. In his capacity as a conductor, he was particularly noted as an interpreter of the music of Berlioz and he was much respected as a piano accompanist of exceptional prowess...	1879	1941	Irish	An Irish Symphony; With the Wild Geese
John Ireland John Ireland (composer) John Nicholson Ireland was an English composer.- Life :John Ireland was born in Bowdon, near Altrincham, Manchester, into a family of Scottish descent and some cultural distinction. His father, Alexander Ireland, a publisher and newspaper proprietor, was aged 70 at John's birth...	1879	1962	English	Piano Concerto in E flat Piano Concerto (John Ireland) The Piano Concerto in E flat was John Ireland’s only concerto. It was composed in 1930, and given its first performance on 2 October of that year by its dedicatee, Helen Perkin , at a Promenade concert in the Queen's Hall...
Ottorino Respighi Ottorino Respighi Ottorino Respighi was an Italian composer, musicologist and conductor. He is best known for his orchestral "Roman trilogy": Fountains of Rome ; Pines of Rome ; and Roman Festivals...	1879	1936	Italian	The Fountains of Rome; The Pines of Rome	Impressionism Impressionist music Impressionism in music was a tendency in European classical music, mainly in France, which appeared in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. Similarly to its precursor in the visual arts, musical impressionism focuses on a suggestion and an atmosphere... , Neo-Baroque Neo-Baroque music Neo-Baroque is a term used to describe music which displays important aspects of Baroque style, but is not from the Baroque period proper—i.e., the 17th and 18th centuries...
Cyril Scott Cyril Scott Cyril Meir Scott was an English composer, writer, and poet.-Biography:Scott was born in Oxton, England to a shipper and scholar of Greek and Hebrew, and Mary Scott , an amateur pianist. He showed a talent for music from an early age and was sent to the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfurt, Germany to...	1879	1970	English	4 symphonies; much piano music
Ernest Bloch Ernest Bloch Ernest Bloch was a Swiss-born American composer.-Life:Bloch was born in Geneva and began playing the violin at age 9. He began composing soon afterwards. He studied music at the conservatory in Brussels, where his teachers included the celebrated Belgian violinist Eugène Ysaÿe...	1880	1959	American (Swiss-born)	Schelomo Schelomo Schelomo is a cello concerto written by Ernest Bloch, first published in 1916 and receiving its first premiere on May 3, 1917 in Carnegie Hall, New York City. This Rhapsodie hébraïque pour violoncelle et grand orchestre was completed during Bloch's "Jewish Cycle," which lasted from 1912 to 1926... ; Suite hébraïque
Edgar Thomas Cook	1880	1953
Nikolai Medtner Nikolai Medtner Nikolai Karlovich Medtner was a Russian composer and pianist.A younger contemporary of Sergei Rachmaninoff and Alexander Scriabin, he wrote a substantial number of compositions, all of which include the piano...	1880	1951	Russian	14 piano sonatas; 3 piano concertos	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Ildebrando Pizzetti Ildebrando Pizzetti Ildebrando Pizzetti was an Italian composer of classical music.- Biography :Pizzetti was born in Parma in 1880. He was part of the "Generation of 1880" along with Ottorino Respighi and Gian Francesco Malipiero. They were among the first Italian composers in some time whose primary contributions...	1880	1968	Italian	Assassinio nella cattedrale Assassinio nella cattedrale Assassinio nella cattedrale is an opera in two acts and an intermezzo by the Italian composer Ildebrando Pizzetti. The libretto is an adaptation by the composer of an Italian translation of T.S. Eliot's play Murder in the Cathedral. The opera was first performed at La Scala, Milan on 1 March 1958... and other operas; orchestral and chamber music
Béla Bartók Béla Bartók Béla Viktor János Bartók was a Hungarian composer and pianist. He is considered one of the most important composers of the 20th century and is regarded, along with Liszt, as Hungary's greatest composer...	1881	1945	Hungarian	Concerto for Orchestra Concerto for Orchestra (Bartók) Concerto for Orchestra, Sz. 116, BB 123, is a five-movement musical work for orchestra composed by Béla Bartók in 1943. It is one of his best-known, most popular and most accessible works. The score is inscribed "15 August – 8 October 1943", and it premiered on December 1, 1944 in Boston Symphony... ; six String Quartets; The Miraculous Mandarin The Miraculous Mandarin The Miraculous Mandarin or The Wonderful Mandarin Op. 19, Sz. 73 , is a one act pantomime ballet composed by Béla Bartók between 1918–1924, and based on the story by Melchior Lengyel. Premiered November 27, 1926 in Cologne, Germany, it caused a scandal and was subsequently banned... ; Piano Concerto No. 1 Piano Concerto No. 1 (Bartók) The Piano Concerto No. 1 , Sz. 83, BB 91 of Béla Bartók was composed in 1926. It is about 23 to 24 minutes long.-Background:For almost three years, Bartók had composed little. He broke that silence with several piano works, one of which was the piano concerto... ; Piano Concerto No. 2 Piano Concerto No. 2 (Bartók) Béla Bartók's Piano Concerto No. 2 in G major, Sz. 95, BB 101 is one of the composer's more accessible compositions for audiences. It is especially notorious for being one of the most difficult pieces in the repertoire.... ; Piano Concerto No. 3 Piano Concerto No. 3 (Bartók) Béla Bartók's Piano Concerto No. 3 in E major, Sz. 119, BB 127 is a musical composition for piano and orchestra. The piece was composed in 1945 by Hungarian composer Béla Bartók during the final months of his life. It consists of three movements.-Context:... ; Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta, Sz. 106, BB 114 is one of the best-known compositions by the Hungarian composer Béla Bartók. Commissioned by Paul Sacher to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the Basel Chamber Orchestra, the score is dated September 7, 1936... ; Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion Sonata for two pianos and percussion Béla Bartók wrote his Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion, Sz. 110, BB 115 for the International Society for Contemporary Music in 1937 and it was premiered by him and his second wife, Ditta Pásztory-Bartók, as the pianists, and percussionists Saul Goodman and Henry Deneke, at the ISCM anniversary...	Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , folk-influenced
Ignatz Waghalter Ignatz Waghalter Ignatz Waghalter was a Polish-German composer and conductor.-Early years:Waghalter was born into a poor but musically-accomplished Jewish family in Warsaw. His eldest brother, Henryk Waghalter , became a renowned cellist at the Warsaw Conservatory. Wladyslaw , the youngest Waghalter brother,...	1881	1949	Polish-German	Concerto for Violin in A Major; Mandragola; Jugend; and other operas	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Nancy Dalberg Nancy Dalberg Nancy Dalberg was a Danish composer.Dalberg grew up on the Danish island of Funen where she learned to play the piano. Her father, a well-off industrialist, refused her wish to study at the Royal Conservatory in Copenhagen and in the end she took private composition lessons from Johan Svendsen,...	1881	1949	Danish	String Quartet No. 2
George Enescu George Enescu George Enescu was a Romanian composer, violinist, pianist, conductor and teacher.-Biography:Enescu was born in the village of Liveni , Dorohoi County at the time, today Botoşani County. He showed musical talent from early in his childhood. A child prodigy, Enescu created his first musical...	1881	1955	Romanian	Romanian Rhapsody No. 1 Romanian Rhapsodies (Enescu) The two Romanian Rhapsodies, Op. 11, for orchestra, are George Enescu's best-known compositions. They were both written in 1901, and first performed together in 1903. The two rhapsodies, and particularly the first, have long held a permanent place in the repertory of every major orchestra. They... , Sonata No. 3 for Violin and Piano ("In the Romanian Popular Style"), Oedip (opera), Cantabile et Presto for flute and piano	folk-influenced; father of Romanian classical music
Jan van Gilse Jan van Gilse Jan Pieter Hendrik van Gilse was a Dutch composer and conductor. Among his works are five symphonies and the Dutch-language opera Thijl.-Life:...	1881	1944	Dutch	Thijl, 5 symphonies
Nikolai Myaskovsky Nikolai Myaskovsky Nikolai Yakovlevich Myaskovsky was a Russian and Soviet composer. He is sometimes referred to as the "father of the Soviet symphony".-Early years and first important works:...	1881	1950	Russian	27 symphonies	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution... ; father of the Russian symphony
Nikolai Roslavets Nikolai Roslavets Nikolai Andreevich Roslavets was a significant Soviet modernist composer. Roslavets was a convinced modernist and cosmopolitan thinker; his music was officially suppressed from 1930 onwards....	1881	1944	Russian
Marion Bauer Marion Bauer Marion Eugénie Bauer was an American composer, teacher, writer, and music critic. A contemporary of Aaron Copland, Bauer played an active role in shaping American musical identity in the early half of the twentieth century....	1882	1955	American
Percy Grainger Percy Grainger George Percy Aldridge Grainger , known as Percy Grainger, was an Australian-born composer, arranger and pianist. In the course of a long and innovative career he played a prominent role in the revival of interest in British folk music in the early years of the 20th century. He also made many...	1882	1961	Australian	Country Gardens, Irish Tune from County Derry, Lincolnshire Posy Lincolnshire Posy Lincolnshire Posy is a piece by Percy Grainger for concert band composed in 1937 for the American Bandmasters Association. Considered Grainger's masterpiece, the work is composed of six movements, each adapted from folk songs that Grainger had collected on a 1905–1906 trip to Lincolnshire,...	folk-influenced
Zoltán Kodály Zoltán Kodály Zoltán Kodály was a Hungarian composer, ethnomusicologist, pedagogue, linguist, and philosopher. He is best known internationally as the creator of the Kodály Method.-Life:Born in Kecskemét, Kodály learned to play the violin as a child....	1882	1967	Hungarian	Háry János Háry János Háry János is a "Hungarian folk opera" in four acts by Zoltán Kodály to a Hungarian libretto by Béla Paulini and Zsolt Harsányi, based on the comic epic The Veteran by János Garay. The first performance was at the Royal Hungarian Opera House, Budapest, 1926... ; Dances of Galanta	folk-influenced
Gian Francesco Malipiero Gian Francesco Malipiero Gian Francesco Malipiero was an Italian composer, musicologist, music teacher and editor.-Early years:Born in Venice into an aristocratic family, the grandson of the opera composer Francesco Malipiero, Gian Francesco Malipiero was prevented by family troubles from pursuing his musical education in...	1882	1973	Italian	11 symphonies
Geoffrey O'Hara Geoffrey O'Hara Geoffrey O'Hara was a Canadian American composer, singer and music professor.O'Hara was born in Chatham, Ontario, Canada. He initially planned a military career. O'Hara entered the prestigious Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario at age 18 and he trained with the 1st Hussars...	1882	1967	Canadian
Manuel Ponce	1882	1948	Mexican	Concierto del sur for guitar and orchestra, guitar and piano pieces, songs (especially "Estrellita"), and folk-song arrangements
Igor Stravinsky Igor Stravinsky Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky ; 6 April 1971) was a Russian, later naturalized French, and then naturalized American composer, pianist, and conductor....	1882	1971	Russian	The Rite of Spring The Rite of Spring The Rite of Spring, original French title Le sacre du printemps , is a ballet with music by Igor Stravinsky; choreography by Vaslav Nijinsky; and concept, set design and costumes by Nicholas Roerich... ; The Firebird The Firebird The Firebird is a 1910 ballet created by the composer Igor Stravinsky and choreographer Michel Fokine. The ballet is based on Russian folk tales of the magical glowing bird of the same name that is both a blessing and a curse to its captor.... ; Petrushka Petrushka Petrouchka or Petrushka is a ballet with music by Russian composer Igor Stravinsky, composed in 1910–11 and revised in 1947.... ; Pulcinella Pulcinella (ballet) Pulcinella is a ballet by Igor Stravinsky based on an 18th-century play — Pulcinella is a character originating from Commedia dell'arte. The ballet premiered at the Paris Opera on 15 May 1920 under the baton of Ernest Ansermet. The dancer Léonide Massine created both the libretto and choreography,... ; The Soldier's Tale; Symphony of Psalms Symphony of Psalms The Symphony of Psalms by Igor Stravinsky was written in 1930 and was commissioned by Serge Koussevitzky to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. This piece is a three-movement choral symphony and was composed during Stravinsky's neoclassical period. The symphony derives... ; Symphonies of Wind Instruments Symphonies of Wind Instruments The Symphonies of Wind Instruments is a concert work written by Igor Stravinsky in 1920, for an ensemble of woodwind and brass instruments. The piece is in one movement, lasting about 9 minutes...	Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , Neo-Baroque Neo-Baroque music Neo-Baroque is a term used to describe music which displays important aspects of Baroque style, but is not from the Baroque period proper—i.e., the 17th and 18th centuries... , later Serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of...
Karol Szymanowski Karol Szymanowski Karol Maciej Szymanowski was a Polish composer and pianist.-Life:Szymanowski was born into a wealthy land-owning Polish gentry family in Tymoszówka, then in the Russian Empire, now in Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine. He studied music privately with his father before going to Gustav Neuhaus'...	1882	1937	Polish	Symphony No. 3 and No. 4; Violin Concerto No. 1 and No. 2	Impressionism Impressionist music Impressionism in music was a tendency in European classical music, mainly in France, which appeared in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. Similarly to its precursor in the visual arts, musical impressionism focuses on a suggestion and an atmosphere... , later folk-influenced
Joaquín Turina Joaquín Turina Joaquín Turina was a Spanish composer of classical music.-Biography:Turina was born in Seville but his origins were in northern Italy . He studied in Seville as well as in Madrid...	1882	1949	Spanish
Arnold Bax Arnold Bax Sir Arnold Edward Trevor Bax, KCVO was an English composer and poet. His musical style blended elements of romanticism and impressionism, often with influences from Irish literature and landscape. His orchestral scores are noted for their complexity and colourful instrumentation...	1883	1953	English	Symphony No. 2 Symphony No. 2 (Bax) The Symphony No. 2 in E minor and C major by Arnold Bax was completed in 1926, after he had worked on it for 2 years. The symphony was dedicated to Serge Koussevitsky, who conducted the first two performances of the work on the 13th and 14 December 1929.... , No. 3 Symphony No. 3 (Bax) The Symphony No. 3 by Arnold Bax was completed in 1929. It was dedicated to Sir Henry Wood and is perhaps the most performed and most immediately approachable of Arnold Bax's symphonies.... , and No. 6 Symphony No. 6 (Bax) The Symphony No.6 by Arnold Bax was completed on February 10, 1935. The symphony was dedicated to Sir Adrian Boult, who often conducted Arnold Bax's works but criticized them for being formally loose. Arnold Bax's main aim with this work was to maintain his style but revert to a more classical form... ; Tintagel	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution... , Impressionism Impressionist music Impressionism in music was a tendency in European classical music, mainly in France, which appeared in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. Similarly to its precursor in the visual arts, musical impressionism focuses on a suggestion and an atmosphere...
Alfredo Casella Alfredo Casella Alfredo Casella was an Italian composer, pianist and conductor.- Life and career :Casella was born in Turin; his family included many musicians; his grandfather, a friend of Paganini's, was first cello in the San Carlo Theatre in Lisbon and eventually was soloist in the Royal Chapel in Turin...	1883	1947	Italian
George Dyson George Dyson (composer) Sir George Dyson KCVO was a well-known English musician and composer. His son is the physicist and mathematician Freeman Dyson and among his grandchildren are the science historian George Dyson and Esther Dyson...	1883	1964	English	Symphony in G major; sacred choral works
Manolis Kalomiris Manolis Kalomiris Manolis Kalomiris ), was a Greek classical composer. He was the founder of the Greek National School of Music.-Biography:Born in Smyrna, he attended school in Constantinople and studied piano and composition in Vienna. After working for a few years as a piano teacher in Kharkov he settled in...	1883	1962	Greek
Robert Graham Manson Robert Graham Manson Robert Graham Manson was a British musician.-Biography:Robert Graham Manson was born in London, one of four sons of James Alexander Manson , a journalist and author...	1883	1950	British
Jules Van Nuffel Jules Van Nuffel Jules Van Nuffel , was a musicologist, composer, and a renowned expert on religious music.-Biography:...	1883	1953	Belgian	In convertendo Dominus In convertendo Dominus In convertendo Dominus , op. 32, is the musical setting of a Latin psalm, written in 1926 by Jules Van Nuffel for a mixed choir and organ.-History:... ; Tedeum
Edgard Varèse Edgard Varèse Edgard Victor Achille Charles Varèse, , whose name was also spelled Edgar Varèse , was an innovative French-born composer who spent the greater part of his career in the United States....	1883	1965	French	Amériques Amériques Amériques is a musical composition by the French-born composer Edgard Varèse.Written between 1918 and 1921 and revised in 1927, it is scored for a very large, romantic orchestra with additional percussion including sirens... ; Ionisation Ionisation (Varèse) Ionisation is a musical composition by Edgard Varèse written for thirteen percussionists, the first concert hall composition for percussion ensemble alone. The premiere was at Steinway Hall, on March 6, 1933, conducted by Nicolas Slonimsky, to whom the piece was later dedicated... ; Arcana; Density 21.5 Density 21.5 Density 21.5 is a piece of music for solo flute written by Edgard Varèse in 1936 and revised in 1946. The piece was composed at the request of Georges Barrère for the premiere of his platinum flute, the density of platinum being close to 21.5 grammes per cubic centimetre .Allmusic's Sean Hickey...	Musique concrète Musique concrète Musique concrète is a form of electroacoustic music that utilises acousmatic sound as a compositional resource. The compositional material is not restricted to the inclusion of sounds derived from musical instruments or voices, nor to elements traditionally thought of as "musical"... , Electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Anton Webern Anton Webern Anton Webern was an Austrian composer and conductor. He was a member of the Second Viennese School. As a student and significant follower of Arnold Schoenberg, he became one of the best-known exponents of the twelve-tone technique; in addition, his innovations regarding schematic organization of...	1883	1945	Austrian	Symphony; Six Pieces for Orchestra	Serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... ; pupil of Arnold Schoenberg Arnold Schoenberg Arnold Schoenberg was an Austrian composer, associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art, and leader of the Second Viennese School...
Juhan Aavik Juhan Aavik Juhan Aavik was an Estonian composer.Aavik studied music composition at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory...	1884	1982	Estonian
Dina Appeldoorn Dina Appeldoorn Christina Adriana Arendina Koudijs-van Appeldoorn was a Dutch composer and pianist.-Biography:Dina Appeldoorn was born in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. She attended the Royal Conservatory of The Hague, where she studied composition under F.E.A. Koeberg and later with Johan Wagenaar...	1884	1938	Dutch
May Brahe May Brahe May Brahe was an Australian composer, best known for her songs and ballads. Her most famous song by far is "Bless This House", recorded by John McCormack, Beniamino Gigli, Lesley Garrett and Bryn Terfel. She was the only Australian woman composer to win local and international recognition before...	1884	1956	Australian	Bless This House Bless This House (song) "Bless This House" is a song. The words were written by Englishwoman Helen Taylor, a poet, under the original title "Bless the House." The music was composed by Australian May Brahe, a friend of Taylor's. It was published in 1927.... and other songs
Max Brod Max Brod Max Brod was a German-speaking Czech Jewish, later Israeli, author, composer, and journalist. Although he was a prolific writer in his own right, he is most famous as the friend and biographer of Franz Kafka...	1884	1968	Czech-Jewish
Charles Griffes Charles Griffes Charles Tomlinson Griffes was an American composer for piano, chamber ensembles and for voice.-Musical career:...	1884	1920	American
Louis Gruenberg Louis Gruenberg -Life and career:He was born near Brest-Litovsk , to Abe Gruenberg and Klara Kantarovitch. His family emigrated to the United States when he was a few months old. His father worked as a violinist in New York City...	1884	1964	Russian
Juozas Gruodis Juozas Gruodis Juozas Gruodis was a famous Lithuanian classic, composer, educator and professor.- External links :* * *...	1884	1948	Lithuanian
Ture Rangström Ture Rangström Anders Johan Ture Rangström belonged to a new generation of Swedish composers who in the first decade of the 20th century introduced modernism to their compositions. In addition to composing Rangström was also a musical critic and conductor.Rangström was born in Stockholm, where initially he...	1884	1947	Swedish	4 symphonies; 3 operas
Alban Berg Alban Berg Alban Maria Johannes Berg was an Austrian composer. He was a member of the Second Viennese School with Arnold Schoenberg and Anton Webern, and produced compositions that combined Mahlerian Romanticism with a personal adaptation of Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique.-Early life:Berg was born in...	1885	1935	Austrian	Violin Concerto Violin Concerto (Berg) Alban Berg's Violin Concerto was written in 1935 . It is probably Berg's best-known and most frequently performed instrumental piece.-Conception and composition:... ; Wozzeck Wozzeck Wozzeck is the first opera by the Austrian composer Alban Berg. It was composed between 1914 and 1922 and first performed in 1925. The opera is based on the drama Woyzeck left incomplete by the German playwright Georg Büchner at his death. Berg attended the first production in Vienna of Büchner's... ; Lyric Suite	Serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution... ; pupil of Arnold Schoenberg Arnold Schoenberg Arnold Schoenberg was an Austrian composer, associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art, and leader of the Second Viennese School...
George Butterworth George Butterworth George Sainton Kaye Butterworth, MC was an English composer best known for the orchestral idyll The Banks of Green Willow and his song settings of A. E...	1885	1916	English
Dora Pejačević Dora Pejacevic Dora Pejačević was a Croatian composer, a member of Pejačević noble family.-Biography:Dora Pejačević was born in Budapest, a daughter of Croatian ban Teodor Pejačević and Hungarian Countess Lilla Vay de Vaya, herself a fine pianist. Her mother gave her first piano lessons...	1885	1923	Croatian	Symphony in F-sharp Minor, Phantasie Concertante
Wallingford Riegger Wallingford Riegger Wallingford Constantine Riegger was a prolific American music composer, well known for orchestral and modern dance music, and film scores...	1885	1961	American	Symphony No. 3
Egon Wellesz Egon Wellesz Egon Joseph Wellesz was an Austrian-born British composer, teacher and musicologist, notable particularly in the field of Byzantine music.- Life :...	1885	1974	Austrian	9 symphonies
Joseph Achron Joseph Achron Joseph Yulyevich Achron, also seen as Akhron was a Russian composer and violinist of Jewish origin, settled in USA. His preoccupation with Jewish elements and his desire to develop a 'Jewish' harmonic and contrapuntal idiom, underscored and informed much of his work...	1886	1943	Russian	Hebrew Melody
Edward Ballantine Edward Ballantine Edward Ballantine , was an American composer and professor of music.-Biography:Edward Ballantine was born in Oberlin, Ohio, on August 6, 1886, the son of William Gay Ballantine, the fourth president of Oberlin College, and Emma Frances Atwood...	1886	1971	American	Variations on "Mary Had a Little Lamb" for piano
John J. Becker John J. Becker John Joseph Becker was an American composer of contemporary classical music. He is grouped together with Charles Ives, Carl Ruggles, Henry Cowell, and Wallingford Riegger as a member of the "American Five" composers of "ultra-modern" music.The John J...	1886	1961	American
Rebecca Helferich Clarke Rebecca Helferich Clarke Rebecca Clarke was an English classical composer and violist best known for her chamber music featuring the viola. She was born in Harrow and studied at the Royal Academy of Music and Royal College of Music in London, later becoming one of the first female professional orchestral players...	1886	1979	English
Marcel Dupré Marcel Dupré Marcel Dupré , was a French organist, pianist, composer, and pedagogue.-Biography:Marcel Dupré was born in Rouen . Born into a musical family, he was a child prodigy. His father Albert Dupré was organist in Rouen and a friend of Aristide Cavaillé-Coll, who built an organ in the family house when...	1886	1971	French	organ music
Jesús Guridi Jesús Guridi Jesús Guridi Bidaola was a Spanish Basque composer, and is a key player in the Spanish and Basque music of the twentieth century. His style fits into what we might call the late romantic stamp, directly inherited from Wagner, and with a strong influence from the Basque culture...	1886	1961	Spanish	Sinfonia pirenaica
Paul Paray Paul Paray Paul Paray was a French conductor, organist and composer. He is best remembered in the United States for being the resident conductor of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra for more than a decade. He married Yolande Falck on 25 August 1944.-Biography:Paray's father, Auguste, was a sculptor and organist...	1886	1979	French	Mass for the 500th Anniversary of the Death of Joan of Arc
Othmar Schoeck Othmar Schoeck Othmar Schoeck was a Swiss composer and conductor.He was known mainly for his considerable output of art songs and song cycles, though he also wrote a number of operas and instrumental compositions including two string quartets and...	1886	1957	Swiss	Penthesilea Penthesilea (opera) Penthesilea is a one-act opera by Othmar Schoeck, to a German-language libretto by the composer, after the work of the same name by Heinrich von Kleist. It was first performed at the Staatsoper in Dresden, Germany on 8 January 1927.... and other operas and vocal music
Kurt Atterberg Kurt Atterberg Kurt Magnus Atterberg was a Swedish composer. He is best known for his symphonies, operas and ballets. Atterberg once said that: "The Russians, Brahms, Reger were my ideals." His music combines their influences with Swedish folk tunes.-Biography:Atterberg was born in Gothenburg as the son of the...	1887	1974	Swedish	Symphony No. 6 "Dollar Symphony"
Nadia Boulanger Nadia Boulanger Nadia Boulanger was a French composer, conductor and teacher who taught many composers and performers of the 20th century.From a musical family, she achieved early honours as a student at the Paris Conservatoire, but believing that her talent as a composer was inferior to that of her younger...	1887	1979	French
Mildred Couper Mildred Couper Mildred Couper , prominent American composer and pianist, was one of the first musicians to experiment with quarter-tone music. She was based in Santa Barbara, California, but her music and influence were felt around the world...	1887	1974	American		quarter tone
Heino Eller Heino Eller Heino Eller was an Estonian composer and composition teacher.Eller was born in Tartu, where he took private lessons in violin and music theory, played in several ensembles and orchestras, and performed as violin soloist. In 1907 he entered the Saint Petersburg Conservatory to study violin. From...	1887	1970	Estonian
Leevi Madetoja Leevi Madetoja Leevi Antti Madetoja was a Finnish composer.-Life and career:Born in Oulu, he was the son of Antti Madetoja and Anna Hyttinen...	1887	1947	Finnish
Ernst Toch Ernst Toch Ernst Toch was a composer of classical music and film scores.- Biography :Toch, born in Leopoldstadt, Vienna, into the family of a humble Jewish leather dealer when the city was at its 19th-century cultural zenith, sought throughout his life to introduce new approaches to music...	1887	1964	German	7 symphonies
Heitor Villa-Lobos Heitor Villa-Lobos Heitor Villa-Lobos was a Brazilian composer, described as "the single most significant creative figure in 20th-century Brazilian art music". Villa-Lobos has become the best-known and most significant Latin American composer to date. He wrote numerous orchestral, chamber, instrumental and vocal works...	1887	1959	Brazilian	Chôros Chôros Chôros is the title of a series of compositions by the Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos, composed between 1920 and 1929.-Origin and conception:... ; Bachianas brasileiras Bachianas Brasileiras The Bachianas Brasileiras constitute a series of nine suites by the Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos, written for various combinations of instruments and voices between 1930 and 1945... ; Magdalena: a Musical Adventure; Rudepoêma Rudepoêma Rudepoêma , is a composition by Heitor Villa-Lobos. It was written from 1921 to 1926 and is the largest and most challenging work Villa-Lobos wrote for the solo piano. It is in one continuous movement and runs about 19–20 minutes. The piece has been described as "Le Sacre du Printemps meets the... ;	Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , folk-influenced
Johanna Beyer Johanna Beyer Johanna Magdalena Beyer was a German-American composer and pianist.-Biography:Johanna Beyer was born in Leipzig, Germany, but very little is known about her life prior to her move to the United States in 1923...	1888	1944	German-American
Cecil Coles Cecil Coles Cecil Frederick Coles was a Scottish composer who was killed on active service in World War I.Coles was born in Kirkcudbright, and educated at George Watson’s School, Edinburgh. In 1907 he went to the Royal College of Music on a scholarship. He later studied at Edinburgh University and Stuttgart...	1888	1918	Scottish
Matthijs Vermeulen Matthijs Vermeulen Matthijs Vermeulen , was a Dutch composer and music journalist.- Early life :...	1888	1967	Dutch	7 symphonies
Grigoraş Dinicu Grigoras Dinicu Grigoraş Ionică Dinicu was a Romanian composer and violinist or violin virtuoso. He is most famous for his often-played virtuoso violin showpiece "Hora staccato" and for making popular the tune Ciocârlia, composed by his grandfather Angheluș Dinicu for "nai"...	1889	1949	Romanian
Armstrong Gibbs	1889	1960	English
Vladimir Shcherbachov Vladimir Shcherbachov Vladimir Vladimirovich Shcherbachov was a Russian composer of the Soviet era.He studied with Maximilian Steinberg, Anatoly Lyadov, and Jasep Vitols at the St. Petersburg Conservatory from 1908 to 1914. While there he also worked as a pianist for Sergey Diaghilev and taught theory...	1889	1952	Russian
Luís de Freitas Branco Luís de Freitas Branco Luís Maria da Costa de Freitas Branco was a Portuguese composer and professor of music who played a preeminent part in the development of Portuguese music in the first half of the 20th century....	1890	1955	Portuguese	4 symphonies
Jacques Ibert Jacques Ibert Jacques François Antoine Ibert was a French composer. Having studied music from an early age, he studied at the Paris Conservatoire and won its top prize, the Prix de Rome at his first attempt, despite studies interrupted by his service in World War I.Ibert pursued a successful composing career,...	1890	1962	French		neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Frank Martin Frank Martin (composer) Frank Martin was a Swiss composer, who lived a large part of his life in the Netherlands.-Childhood and youth:...	1890	1974	Swiss	Ballade for flute and piano
Bohuslav Martinů Bohuslav Martinu Bohuslav Martinů was a prolific Czech composer of modern classical music. He was of Czech and Rumanian ancestry. Martinů wrote six symphonies, 15 operas, 14 ballet scores and a large body of orchestral, chamber, vocal and instrumental works. Martinů became a violinist in the Czech Philharmonic...	1890	1959	Czech	Symphonies Nos. 3 and 6; Gilgamesh (oratorio); chamber music	neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , folk-influenced
Gösta Nystroem Gösta Nystroem Gösta Nystroem was a Swedish composer.Nystroem, originally Nyström, was born in Silvberg, Sweden, a parish in the province of Dalarna, but spent most of his childhood in Österhaninge near Stockholm, at the time a small village but nowadays a suburban district. His father was a headmaster and an...	1890	1966	Swedish
Arthur Bliss Arthur Bliss ‎Sir Arthur Edward Drummond Bliss, CH, KCVO was an English composer and conductor.Bliss's musical training was cut short by the First World War, in which he served with distinction in the army...	1891	1975	English	A Colour Symphony A Colour Symphony A Colour Symphony, Op. 24, F. 106, was written by Arthur Bliss in 1921–22. It was his first major work for orchestra and remains one of his best known...
Claude Champagne Claude Champagne Claude Champagne was a Canadian composer.Born in Montreal, Quebec, he studied violin with Albert Chamberland, organ with Orpha-F. Deveaux, and piano with Romain-Octave Pelletier I and Alexis Contant at the Conservatoire national de musique. In 1921 he went straight to Paris to study music...	1891	1965	Canadian
Noël Gallon Noël Gallon Noël Gallon was a French composer and music educator. His compositional output includes several choral works and vocal art songs, 10 preludes, a Toccata for piano, a Sonata for flute and bassoon, a Fantasy for piano and orchestra, an Orchestral Suite, and the lyrical drama Paysans et Soldats...	1891	1966	French
Marcel Grandjany Marcel Grandjany Marcel Georges Lucien Grandjany was a French-born American harpist and composer. He began the study of the harp at the age of eight with Henriette Renié. He was admitted to the Paris Conservatoire at age eleven where he also studied with Alphonse Hasselmans, winning the coveted Premier Prix at age...	1891	1975	French	Pieces for harp; Headed Harp Harp The harp is a multi-stringed instrument which has the plane of its strings positioned perpendicularly to the soundboard. Organologically, it is in the general category of chordophones and has its own sub category . All harps have a neck, resonator and strings...  Dept at Fontainebleau Fontainebleau Fontainebleau is a commune in the metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is located south-southeast of the centre of Paris. Fontainebleau is a sub-prefecture of the Seine-et-Marne department, and it is the seat of the arrondissement of Fontainebleau...  & Juilliard)	Noted harpist and teacher
Thomas Griselle Thomas Griselle Thomas Griselle was an American composer who wrote much chamber music. His Two American Sketches for piano won a $10,000 prize from the Victor Talking Machine Company in 1928.-References:* at WorldCat...	1891	1955	American
Mihail Jora Mihail Jora Mihail Jora was a Romanian composer, pianist, and conductor.Jora studied in Leipzig with Robert Teichmüller. From 1929 to 1962 he was a professor at the conservatoire of Bucharest. He worked 1928 to 1933 as a director/conductor of the Broadcasting Orchestra in Bucharest...	1891	1971	Romanian
Sergei Prokofiev Sergei Prokofiev Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev was a Russian composer, pianist and conductor who mastered numerous musical genres and is regarded as one of the major composers of the 20th century...	1891	1953	Russian	Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet (Prokofiev) Romeo and Juliet is a ballet by Sergei Prokofiev based on William Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet. It is one of the most enduringly popular ballets... (ballet); The Love for Three Oranges (opera); Classical Symphony; Symphony No. 5 Symphony No. 5 (Prokofiev) Sergei Prokofiev wrote his Symphony No. 5 in B-flat major in Soviet Russia in one month in the summer of 1944.-Background:Fourteen years had passed since Prokofiev's last symphony....  and No. 6 Symphony No. 6 (Prokofiev) Sergei Prokofiev wrote his Symphony No. 6 in E-flat minor in 1947.-Background:The symphony, written as an elegy of the tragedies of World War II, has often been regarded as the darker twin to the victorious Symphony No... ; Violin Concerto No. 1 Violin Concerto No. 1 (Prokofiev) Sergei Prokofiev began his Violin Concerto No. 1 in D major, opus 19, as a concertino in 1915 but soon abandoned it to work on his opera The Gambler. He returned to the concerto in the summer of 1917. It premiered on October 18, 1923 at the Paris Opera with Marcel Darrieux playing the violin part...  and No. 2 Violin Concerto No. 2 (Prokofiev) The Violin Concerto No. 2 in G minor, Op. 63, written in 1935 by Sergei Prokofiev, is a work in three movements:#Allegro moderato#Andante assai#Allegro, ben marcato... ; Piano Concerto No. 2 Piano Concerto No. 2 (Prokofiev) Sergei Prokofiev set to work on his Piano Concerto No. 2 in G minor, Op. 16 in 1912 and completed it in 1913. Performing as solo pianist, he premiered the work on August 23 the same year at Pavlovsk. Most of the audience reacted intensely...  and No. 3 Piano Concerto No. 3 (Prokofiev) Piano Concerto No. 3 in C major, Op. 26 is the best-known concerto by Sergei Prokofiev. It was completed in 1921 using sketches first started in 1913.-Composition and performances:... ; Alexander Nevsky Alexander Nevsky (Prokofiev) Alexander Nevsky is the score for the 1938 Sergei Eisenstein film Alexander Nevsky, composed by Sergei Prokofiev. He later rearranged the music in the form of a cantata for mezzo-soprano, chorus, and orchestra... ; Lieutenant Kijé Lieutenant Kijé (Prokofiev) Lieutenant Kijé is the score composed by Sergei Prokofiev for the 1934 Soviet film Lieutenant Kijé directed by Aleksandr Faintsimmer based on the novel of the same title by Yury Tynyanov.-Suite from Lieutenant Kijé:... ; Peter and the Wolf Peter and the Wolf Peter and the Wolf , Op. 67, is a composition written by Sergei Prokofiev in 1936 in the USSR. It is a children's story , spoken by a narrator accompanied by the orchestra.... ; 9 piano sonatas	neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Hendrik Andriessen Hendrik Andriessen Hendrik Franciscus Andriessen was a Dutch composer and organist. He is remembered most of all for his improvisation at the organ and for the renewal of Catholic liturgical music in the Netherlands. Andriessen composed in a musical idiom that revealed strong French influences...	1892	1981	Dutch		father of Louis Andriessen Louis Andriessen Louis Andriessen is a Dutch composer and pianist based in Amsterdam. He teaches composition at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague...
Ferde Grofé Ferde Grofé Ferde Grofé was a prominent American composer, arranger and pianist. During the 1920s and 1930s, he went by the name Ferdie Grofé.-Early life:...	1892	1972	American	Grand Canyon Suite Grand Canyon Suite The Grand Canyon Suite is a suite for orchestra by Ferde Grofé, composed during the period from 1929 to 1931. It consists of five parts or movements, each an evocation in tone of a particular scene typical of the Grand Canyon... ; Mississippi Suite Mississippi Suite The Mississippi Suite is an orchestral suite in four movements by Ferde Grofé, depicting scenes along a journey down the Mississippi River from its headwaters of Minnesota down to New Orleans.-History:...
Arthur Honegger Arthur Honegger Arthur Honegger was a Swiss composer, who was born in France and lived a large part of his life in Paris. He was a member of Les six. His most frequently performed work is probably the orchestral work Pacific 231, which is interpreted as imitating the sound of a steam locomotive.-Biography:Born...	1892	1955	Swiss	Symphony No. 3 "Liturgique"; Pacific 231 Pacific 231 Pacific 231 is an orchestral work by Arthur Honegger, written in 1923. It is one of his most frequently performed works today.The popular interpretation of the piece is that it depicts a steam locomotive, an interpretation that is supported by the title of the piece. Honegger, however, insisted... ; Les Misérables Les Misérables (1934 film) Les Misérables is a 1934 film adaptation of Victor Hugo's novel of the same name. It was written and directed by Raymond Bernard and stars Harry Baur as Jean Valjean and Charles Vanel as Javert... (film music)	neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Herbert Howells Herbert Howells Herbert Norman Howells CH was an English composer, organist, and teacher, most famous for his large output of Anglican church music.-Life:...	1892	1983	English	Hymnus paradisi
László Lajtha László Lajtha László Lajtha was a Hungarian composer, ethnomusicologist and conductor.-Career:Born to Ida Wiesel, a Transsylvanian-Hungarian with some Saxon-German ancestry as the name Wiesel indicates and Pál Lajtha, an owner of a leather factory...	1892	1963	Hungarian	9 symphonies
Darius Milhaud Darius Milhaud Darius Milhaud was a French composer and teacher. He was a member of Les Six—also known as The Group of Six—and one of the most prolific composers of the 20th century. His compositions are influenced by jazz and make use of polytonality...	1892	1974	French	La Création du Monde La Création du Monde The composition La création du monde, Op. 81a, is a 20-minute-long ballet with music composed by Darius Milhaud, in 1922-1923,which outlines the Creation of the World, based on African folk mythology.- History :... ; Le Bœuf sur le toit	jazz-influenced, neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Hilding Rosenberg Hilding Rosenberg Hilding Rosenberg , was the first Swedish modernist composer, and one of the most influential figures in Swedish 20th century classical music....	1892	1985	Swedish	8 symphonies; Violin Concerto
Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji was an English composer, music critic, pianist, and writer.-Biography:...	1892	1988	English	Opus clavicembalisticum Opus Clavicembalisticum Opus clavicembalisticum is a solo piano piece composed by Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji, completed on June 26, 1930.The piece is notable for its length and difficulty: at the time of its completion it was the longest piano piece in existence. Its duration is around four hours, depending on tempo... , Études transcendantes (100)	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , neoromantic Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and... , postimpressionistic Impressionist music Impressionism in music was a tendency in European classical music, mainly in France, which appeared in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. Similarly to its precursor in the visual arts, musical impressionism focuses on a suggestion and an atmosphere... , mystical Mysticism Mysticism is the knowledge of, and especially the personal experience of, states of consciousness, i.e. levels of being, beyond normal human perception, including experience and even communion with a supreme being.-Classical origins:...
Germaine Tailleferre Germaine Tailleferre Germaine Tailleferre was a French composer and the only female member of the famous composers' group Les Six.-Biography:...	1892	1983	French
Jean Absil Jean Absil Jean Absil was a Belgian modernist music composer, organist, and professor at the Brussels Conservatory.- Biography :...	1893	1974	Belgian
Arthur Benjamin Arthur Benjamin Arthur Leslie Benjamin was an Australian composer, pianist, conductor and teacher. He is best known as the composer of Jamaican Rhumba, composed in 1938.-Biography:...	1893	1960	Australian	Jamaican Rhumba Two Jamaican Pieces Two Jamaican Pieces is an orchestral suite composed in 1938 by Arthur Benjamin and using melodies from the West Indies. It is in two sections, Jamaican Song and Jamaican Rhumba. The latter has become Benjamin's most popular work, and is frequently heard in an arrangement by the composer for two... , operas, film scores, chamber works
Lili Boulanger Lili Boulanger Lili Boulanger was a French composer, the younger sister of the noted composer and composition teacher Nadia Boulanger.-Early years:A Parisian-born child prodigy, who was good at piano...	1893	1918	French
Eugene Aynsley Goossens Eugène Aynsley Goossens Sir Eugene Aynsley Goossens was an English conductor and composer.-Biography:He was born in Camden Town, London, the son of the Belgian conductor and violinist Eugène Goossens and the grandson of the conductor Eugène Goossens...	1893	1962	English
Alois Hába Alois Hába Alois Hába was a Czech composer, musical theorist and teacher. He is primarily known for his microtonal compositions, especially using the quarter tone scale, though he used others such as sixth-tones and twelfth-tones....	1893	1973	Czech	Matka (opera)	microtonal Microtonal music Microtonal music is music using microtones—intervals of less than an equally spaced semitone. Microtonal music can also refer to music which uses intervals not found in the Western system of 12 equal intervals to the octave.-Terminology:...
Rued Langgaard Rued Langgaard Rued Langgaard was a late-Romantic Danish composer and organist. His then-unconventional music was at odds with that of his Danish contemporaries and was recognized only 16 years after his death.- Life :Born in Copenhagen, Rued Langgaard was the only son of composer and Royal Chamber...	1893	1952	Danish	16 symphonies
Federico Mompou Federico Mompou Frederic Mompou i Dencausse was a Catalan Spanish composer and pianist. He is best known for his solo piano music and his songs.-Life:...	1893	1987	Spanish	piano music
Douglas Moore	1893	1969	American	The Ballad of Baby Doe The Ballad of Baby Doe The Ballad of Baby Doe is an opera by the American composer Douglas Moore that uses an English-language libretto by John Latouche. It is Moore's most famous opera and one of the few American operas to be in the standard repertory... (opera), The Devil and Daniel Webster The Devil and Daniel Webster "The Devil and Daniel Webster" is a short story by Stephen Vincent Benét. This retelling of the classic German Faust tale is based on the short story "The Devil and Tom Walker", written by Washington Irving... (folk opera)
Leo Ornstein Leo Ornstein Leo Ornstein was a leading American experimental composer and pianist of the early twentieth century...	1893	2002	American	Wild Men's Dance, Suicide in an Airplane, 8 piano sonatas, Piano Quintet, 3 String Quartets	Avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , later Neoromanticism Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and...
Krešimir Baranović Krešimir Baranovic Krešimir Baranović was a Yugoslav composer and conductor. He was conductor of the Belgrade Philharmonic Orchestra, Belgrade Opera, Orchestra of the Radio Belgrade and professor at the Belgrade Music Academy.-References:*Maksimović, M...	1894	1975	Yugoslav
Robert Russell Bennett Robert Russell Bennett Robert Russell Bennett was an American composer and arranger, best known for his orchestration of many well-known Broadway and Hollywood musicals by other composers such as Irving Berlin, George Gershwin, Jerome Kern, Cole Porter, and Richard Rodgers. In 1957 and 2008, Bennett received Tony Awards...	1894	1981	American	Broadway arrangements; pieces for band
Sabin Drăgoi Sabin Dragoi Sabin Drăgoi was a Romanian composer and specialist on folk music. His wide output included orchestral and chamber works, film music and operas.-Major works:*Constantin Brâncoveanu*Kir Ianulea*Horia*The Misfortune...	1894	1968	Romanian	Piano Concerto
Ernest John Moeran Ernest John Moeran Ernest John Moeran was an English composer who had strong associations with Ireland .-Early life:...	1894	1950	English	Symphony in G minor Symphony in G minor (Moeran) The Symphony in G minor was the only completed symphony written by Ernest John Moeran. He wrote it in 1934-37. It is in four movements.In 1926, the conductor of the Hallé Orchestra, Sir Hamilton Harty, commissioned a symphony from Moeran. He had already been working on a symphony since 1924, and...	folk-influenced
Willem Pijper Willem Pijper Willem Pijper ; Zeist, 8 September 1894 - Utrecht, 18 March 1947) was a Dutch composer, music critic and music teacher.-Life:Pijper was born at Zeist, near Utrecht, on 8 September 1894 of strict Calvinist working-class parents. His father, who sometimes played psalm accompaniments on the harmonium,...	1894	1947	Dutch	3 symphonies; Six Adagios; Piano Concerto	atonal Atonality Atonality in its broadest sense describes music that lacks a tonal center, or key. Atonality in this sense usually describes compositions written from about 1908 to the present day where a hierarchy of pitches focusing on a single, central tone is not used, and the notes of the chromatic scale...
Walter Piston Walter Piston Walter Hamor Piston Jr., , was an American composer of classical music, music theorist and professor of music at Harvard University whose students included Leroy Anderson, Leonard Bernstein, and Elliott Carter....	1894	1976	American	The Incredible Flutist (ballet); Symphony No. 2 and No. 6	Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Erwin Schulhoff Erwin Schulhoff Erwin Schulhoff was a Czech composer and pianist.-Life:Born in Prague of Jewish-German origin, Schulhoff was one of the brightest figures in a generation of European musicians whose successful careers were prematurely terminated by the rise of the Nazi regime in Germany...	1894	1942	Czech	6 symphonies
Mark Wessel Mark Wessel (composer) Mark Wessel was an American pianist and composer.Wessel was born in Coldwater, Michigan, and graduated from Northwestern School of Music, now known as Bienen School of Music; he later taught piano and theory there...	1894	1973	American	The King of Babylon; Concertino for Flute or Violin and Orchestra
Henriëtte Bosmans Henriëtte Bosmans Henriëtte Hilda Bosmans was a Dutch composer.Bosmans was born in Amsterdam, the daughter of Henri Bosmans, principal cellist of the Concertgebouw Orchestra, and the pianist Sara Benedicts, piano teacher at the Amsterdam Conservatory. Her father died when she was 6 months old...	1895	1952	Dutch
Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco was an Italian composer. He was known as one of the foremost guitar composers in the twentieth century with almost one hundred compositions for that instrument. In 1939 he migrated to the United States and became a film composer for some 200 Hollywood movies for the next...	1895	1968	Italian	guitar music
Juan José Castro Juan José Castro Juan José Castro was an Argentine composer and conductor.Born in Avellaneda, Castro studied piano and violin under Manuel Posadas and composition under Eduarno Fornarini, in Buenos Aires. In the 1920s he was awarded the Europa Prize, and then went on to study in Paris at the Schola Cantorum under...	1895	1968	Argentine
Georges Dandelot Georges Dandelot Georges Édouard Dandelot was a French composer.-Biography:Dandelot's father was Alfred Dandelot, and his mother was the daughter of a piano maker...	1895	1975	French
Johann Nepomuk David Johann Nepomuk David Johann Nepomuk David was an Austrian composer.He began his musical career in the monastery of Sankt Florian, and was a composition student of Joseph Marx....	1895	1977	Austrian	8 symphonies	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Paul Hindemith Paul Hindemith Paul Hindemith was a German composer, violist, violinist, teacher, music theorist and conductor.- Biography :Born in Hanau, near Frankfurt, Hindemith was taught the violin as a child...	1895	1963	German	Symphonic Metamorphoses on Themes of Weber Symphonic Metamorphoses on Themes of Weber The Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber is an orchestral work composed in America by Paul Hindemith in 1943.-History:... ; Mathis der Maler (opera); Ludus Tonalis Ludus Tonalis Ludus Tonalis , subtitled Kontrapunktische, tonal, und Klaviertechnische Übungen , is a piano work by Paul Hindemith that was composed in 1942 during his stay in the United States.The piece starts with a three-part Praeludium in C resembling Bach's toccatas, and ends with a Postludium...	Neo-Baroque Neo-Baroque music Neo-Baroque is a term used to describe music which displays important aspects of Baroque style, but is not from the Baroque period proper—i.e., the 17th and 18th centuries... , neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Gordon Jacob Gordon Jacob Gordon Percival Septimus Jacob was an English composer. He is known for his wind instrument composition and his instructional writings.-Life:...	1895	1984	English
Borys Lyatoshynsky	1895	1968	Ukrainian	5 symphonies
Carl Orff Carl Orff Carl Orff was a 20th-century German composer, best known for his cantata Carmina Burana . In addition to his career as a composer, Orff developed an influential method of music education for children.-Early life:...	1895	1982	German	Carmina Burana Carmina Burana (Orff) Carmina Burana is a scenic cantata composed by Carl Orff in 1935 and 1936. It is based on 24 of the poems found in the medieval collection Carmina Burana...
Leo Sowerby Leo Sowerby Leo Sowerby , American composer and church musician, was the winner of the Pulitzer Prize for music in 1946, and was often called the “Dean of American church music” in the early to mid 20th century.-Biography:...	1895	1968	American	Choral music; Organ works; 5 symphonies; Chamber works
Shirley Graham Du Bois Shirley Graham Du Bois Shirley Graham Du Bois was an American-born author, playwright, composer, and activist for African-American and other causes, as well as spouse of noted African-American thinker, writer, and activist W. E. B...	1896	1977	American
Robert Gerhard	1896	1970	Spanish	4 symphonies
Howard Hanson Howard Hanson Howard Harold Hanson was an American composer, conductor, educator, music theorist, and champion of American classical music. As director for 40 years of the Eastman School of Music, he built a high-quality school and provided opportunities for commissioning and performing American music...	1896	1981	American	7 symphonies	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Roger Sessions Roger Sessions Roger Huntington Sessions was an American composer, critic, and teacher of music.-Life:Sessions was born in Brooklyn, New York, to a family that could trace its roots back to the American revolution. His mother, Ruth Huntington Sessions, was a direct descendent of Samuel Huntington, a signer of...	1896	1985	American	9 symphonies, Violin Concerto Violin Concerto (Sessions) Roger Sessions' Violin Concerto was composed between 1927 and 1935, and is scored for violin and orchestra .-History:The concerto was begun, at the suggestion of Serge Koussevitzky, in the summer of 1927—although the composer later postdated the beginning of this work to his years at the American... , Montezuma Montezuma (opera) Montezuma is an opera in three acts by the American composer Roger Sessions, with an English libretto by Giuseppe Antonio Borgese that incorporates bits of the Aztec language, Nahuatl, as well as Spanish, Latin, and French.-Performance history:... (opera)	neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , twelve-tone technique Twelve-tone technique Twelve-tone technique is a method of musical composition devised by Arnold Schoenberg...
Virgil Thomson Virgil Thomson Virgil Thomson was an American composer and critic. He was instrumental in the development of the "American Sound" in classical music...	1896	1989	American	Four Saints in Three Acts Four Saints in Three Acts Four Saints in Three Acts is an opera by American composer Virgil Thomson with a libretto by Gertrude Stein. Written in 1927-8, it contains about 20 saints, and is in at least four acts... , The Mother of Us All The Mother of Us All The Mother of Us All is an opera by Virgil Thomson to a libretto by Gertrude Stein. It chronicles the life of Susan B. Anthony, one of the major figures in the fight for women's suffrage in the United States... ; Louisiana Story Louisiana Story Louisiana Story is a 78-minute black-and-white American film. Although the events and characters depicted are fictional, it is often misidentified as a documentary film. In fact, it is a docufiction. The script was written by Frances H. Flaherty and Robert J. Flaherty, and also directed by Robert... ; also noted critic	folk-influenced, eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,...
Paul Ben-Haim Paul Ben-Haim Paul Ben-Haim was an Israeli composer. Born Paul Frankenburger in Munich, Germany, he studied composition with Friedrich Klose and he was assistant conductor to Bruno Walter and Hans Knappertsbusch from 1920 to 1924...	1897	1984	Israeli
Gaspar Cassadó Gaspar Cassadó Gaspar Cassadó i Moreu was a Spanish cellist and composer of the early 20th century. He was born in Barcelona to a church musician father and began taking cello lessons at age seven. When he was nine, he played in a recital where Pablo Casals was in the audience; Casals immediately offered to...	1897	1966	Spanish	Toccata, Requiebros
Henry Cowell Henry Cowell Henry Cowell was an American composer, music theorist, pianist, teacher, publisher, and impresario. His contribution to the world of music was summed up by Virgil Thomson, writing in the early 1950s:...	1897	1965	American	The Tides of Manaunaun The Tides of Manaunaun The Tides of Manaunaun is a short piano piece by American composer Henry Cowell . It was composed in 1917, originally serving as a prelude to a theatrical production, The Building of Banba... , Dynamic Motion	eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,... , experimental Experimental music Experimental music refers, in the English-language literature, to a compositional tradition which arose in the mid-20th century, applied particularly in North America to music composed in such a way that its outcome is unforeseeable. Its most famous and influential exponent was John Cage...
Oscar Lorenzo Fernández Oscar Lorenzo Fernández Oscar Lorenzo Fernández was a Brazilian composer of Spanish descent.-Life:...	1897	1948	Brazilian	"Batuque" from Malazarte (opera), two symphonies	nationalism Nationalism Nationalism is a political ideology that involves a strong identification of a group of individuals with a political entity defined in national terms, i.e. a nation. In the 'modernist' image of the nation, it is nationalism that creates national identity. There are various definitions for what...
Erich Wolfgang Korngold Erich Wolfgang Korngold Erich Wolfgang Korngold was an Austro-Hungarian film and romantic music composer. While his compositional style was considered well out of vogue at the time he died, his music has more recently undergone a reevaluation and a gradual reawakening of interest...	1897	1957	Austrian	Violin Concerto Violin Concerto (Korngold) Erich Wolfgang Korngold composed his Violin Concerto in D major, Op. 35, in 1945.-Instrumentation:Working in the lush, lyrical idiom reminiscent of fin de siècle Vienna, Korngold scored the concerto for elaborate instrumental forces... ; film music; Die Tote Stadt Die tote Stadt Die tote Stadt is an opera in three acts by Erich Wolfgang Korngold. The libretto is by the composer and Paul Schott , and is based on Bruges-la-Morte, a short novel by Georges Rodenbach.-Performance history:When Die tote Stadt had its premiere on December 4, 1920, Korngold was just 23...
Quincy Porter Quincy Porter Quincy Porter was an American composer and teacher of classical music.Born in New Haven, Connecticut, he went to Yale University where his teachers included Horatio Parker and David Stanley Smith. Porter received two awards while studying music at Yale: the Osborne Prize for Fugue, and the...	1897	1966	American
Alexandre Tansman Alexandre Tansman Alexandre Tansman was a Polish-born composer and virtuoso pianist. He spent his early years in his native Poland, but lived in France for most of his life...	1897	1986	Polish
Hanns Eisler Hanns Eisler Hanns Eisler was an Austrian composer.-Family background:Eisler was born in Leipzig where his Jewish father, Rudolf Eisler, was a professor of philosophy...	1898	1962	German/Austrian	Auferstanden aus Ruinen Auferstanden aus Ruinen ' was the national anthem of East Germany during its existence from 1949 to 1990.-History:... (Eastern Germany national anthem)
George Gershwin George Gershwin George Gershwin was an American composer and pianist. Gershwin's compositions spanned both popular and classical genres, and his most popular melodies are widely known...	1898	1937	American	Rhapsody in Blue Rhapsody in Blue Rhapsody in Blue is a musical composition by George Gershwin for solo piano and jazz band written in 1924, which combines elements of classical music with jazz-influenced effects.... ; Piano Concerto; An American in Paris An American in Paris An American in Paris is a symphonic tone poem by the American composer George Gershwin, written in 1928. Inspired by the time Gershwin had spent in Paris, it evokes the sights and energy of the French capital in the 1920s. It is one of Gershwin's best-known compositions.Gershwin composed the piece... ; Porgy and Bess Porgy and Bess Porgy and Bess is an opera, first performed in 1935, with music by George Gershwin, libretto by DuBose Heyward, and lyrics by Ira Gershwin and DuBose Heyward. It was based on DuBose Heyward's novel Porgy and subsequent play of the same title, which he co-wrote with his wife Dorothy Heyward... (opera)	jazz-influenced
Roy Harris Roy Harris Roy Ellsworth Harris , was an American composer. He wrote much music on American subjects, becoming best known for his Symphony No...	1898	1979	American	Symphony No. 3 Symphony No. 3 (Harris) Roy Harris's Symphony No. 3 is a work written in 1939 and premiered by the conductor Serge Koussevitzky.Harris wrote this symphony on a commission from Hans Kindler but he gave it to Serge Koussevitzky instead...
Lev Knipper Lev Knipper Lev Konstantinovich Knipper , a Russian composer of partially German descent and an active OGPU - NKVD agent.Lev Knipper was the nephew of the actress Olga Knipper...	1898	1974	Russian
Alexander Abramsky Alexander Abramsky Alexander Abramsky was a Soviet composer. He was known for his adaptation of Russian folk music within his compositions. He wrote numerous symphonic works, chamber music pieces, and one opera. His best-known work is his piano concerto which premiered in 1941.-References:...	1898	1985	Russian	1941 piano concerto	folk-influenced
Vittorio Rieti Vittorio Rieti Vittorio Rieti was an Jewish-Italian composer. Born in Alexandria, Egypt, Rieti moved to Milan to study economics. He subsequently studied in Rome under Respighi and Casella, and lived there until 1940....	1898	1994	Italian
Georges Auric Georges Auric Georges Auric was a French composer, born in Lodève, Hérault. He was a child prodigy and at age 15 he had his first compositions published. He studied at the Paris Conservatoire with Georges Caussade, and under the composer Vincent d'Indy at the Schola Cantorum...	1899	1983	French
Carlos Chávez Carlos Chávez Carlos Antonio de Padua Chávez y Ramírez was a Mexican composer, conductor, music theorist, educator, journalist, and founder and director of the Mexican Symphonic Orchestra. He was influenced by native Mexican cultures. Of his six Symphonies, his Symphony No...	1899	1978	Mexican	6 symphonies	folk-influenced
Sophie Carmen Eckhardt-Gramatté Sophie Carmen Eckhardt-Gramatté Sophie-Carmen Eckhardt-Gramatté was a Russian-born Canadian composer and virtuoso pianist and violinist.Born in Moscow as Sofia Fridman-Kochevskaya, Eckhardt-Gramatté studied at the Conservatoire de Paris, where her teachers included Alfred Brun and Guillaume Rémy for violin, S. Chenée for...	1899	1974	Russian-born Canadian
George Frederick McKay George Frederick McKay George Frederick McKay was a prolific modern American composer.-Biography:McKay was born in the Far West of America in the small frontier wheat farming town of Harrington, Washington. His family later moved to the much larger town of Spokane, where he attended school up to his college years...	1899	1970	American
Francis Poulenc Francis Poulenc Francis Jean Marcel Poulenc was a French composer and a member of the French group Les six. He composed solo piano music, chamber music, oratorio, choral music, opera, ballet music, and orchestral music...	1899	1963	French	Babar the Elephant Babar the Elephant Babar the Elephant is a French children's fictional character who first appeared in Histoire de Babar by Jean de Brunhoff in 1931 and enjoyed immediate success. An English language version, entitled The Story of Babar, appeared in 1933 in Britain and also in the United States. The book is based on... ; Flute Sonata Flute Sonata (Poulenc) The Flute Sonata by Francis Poulenc, for flute and piano, was written in 1957. It is dedicated to the memory of Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge, an American patron of chamber music. Poulenc composed it for the flutist Jean-Pierre Rampal, and he and Rampal gave the première in June 1957 at the...  Stabat Mater Stabat Mater (Poulenc) Stabat Mater is a musical setting of the Stabat Mater sequence composed by Francis Poulenc in 1950. Poulenc composed the piece in response to the death of his friend, artist Christian Bérard; he considered writing a Requiem for Bérard, but, after returning to the shrine of the Black Virgin of...	neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Silvestre Revueltas Silvestre Revueltas Silvestre Revueltas Sánchez was a Mexican composer of classical music, a violinist and a conductor.-Life:...	1899	1940	Mexican	Sensemayá Sensemayá Sensemayá is a poem by the Cuban poet Nicolás Guillén, adapted as an orchestral work by the Mexican composer Silvestre Revueltas. It is one of Revueltas's most famous compositions....
Alexander Tcherepnin Alexander Tcherepnin Alexander Nikolayevich Tcherepnin was a Russian-born composer and pianist. His father, Nikolai Tcherepnin and his son, Ivan Tcherepnin were also composers, as are two of his grandsons, Sergei and Stefan. His son Serge was involved in the roots of electronic music and instruments...	1899	1977	Russian
Randall Thompson Randall Thompson Randall Thompson was an American composer, particularly noted for his choral works.-Career:He attended Harvard University, became assistant professor of music and choir director at Wellesley College, and received a doctorate in music from the University of Rochester's Eastman School of Music...	1899	1984	American	Alleluia Alleluia The word "Alleluia" or "Hallelujah" , which at its most literal means "Praise Yah", is used in different ways in Christian liturgies.... ; The Testament of Freedom The Testament of Freedom The Testament of Freedom is a four-movement work for men's chorus and piano composed in 1943 by Randall Thompson. It was premiered on April 13, 1943 by the Virginia Glee Club under the direction of Stephen Tuttle; the composer served as pianist. Thompson later orchestrated the piece, and also... ; other choral works; 3 Symphonies; 2 String Quartets
George Antheil George Antheil George Antheil was an American avant-garde composer, pianist, author and inventor. A self-described "Bad Boy of Music", his modernist compositions amazed and appalled listeners in Europe and the US during the 1920s with their cacophonous celebration of mechanical devices.Returning permanently to...	1900	1959	American	Ballet mécanique Ballet mécanique Ballet Mécanique was a project by the American composer George Antheil and the filmmaker/artists Fernand Léger and Dudley Murphy. Although the film was intended to use Antheil's score as a soundtrack, the two parts were not brought together until the 1990s. As a composition, Ballet Mécanique is... ; Symphony No. 4	Avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , later neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Willy Burkhard Willy Burkhard Willy Burkhard was a Swiss composer.Willy Burkhard was an extremely influential composer of the 20th century...	1900	1955	Swiss
Alan Bush Alan Bush Alan Dudley Bush was a British composer and pianist. He was a committed socialist, and politics sometimes provided central themes in his music.-Personal life:...	1900	1995	English
Aaron Copland Aaron Copland Aaron Copland was an American composer, composition teacher, writer, and later in his career a conductor of his own and other American music. He was instrumental in forging a distinctly American style of composition, and is often referred to as "the Dean of American Composers"...	1900	1990	American	Appalachian Spring Appalachian Spring Appalachian Spring is a modern score composed by Aaron Copland that premiered in 1944 and has achieved widespread and enduring popularity as an orchestral suite... (ballet); Billy the Kid Billy the Kid (ballet) Billy the Kid is a 1938 ballet written by the American composer Aaron Copland and commissioned by Lincoln Kirstein. It was choreographed by Eugene Loring for Ballet Caravan. Along with Rodeo and Appalachian Spring, it is one of Copland's most popular and widely performed pieces... (ballet); Rodeo Rodeo (Copland) Rodeo is a ballet scored by Aaron Copland and choreographed by Agnes de Mille, which premiered in 1942. Subtitled "The Courting at Burnt Ranch", the ballet consists of five sections: "Buckaroo Holiday", "Ranch House Party", "Corral Nocturne", "Saturday Night Waltz", and "Hoe-Down"... (ballet); Fanfare for the Common Man Fanfare for the Common Man Fanfare for the Common Man is a 20th-century American classical music work by American composer Aaron Copland. The piece was written in 1942 for the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra under conductor Eugene Goossens. It was inspired in part by a famous speech made earlier in the same year where vice... ; Clarinet Concerto Clarinet Concerto (Copland) Aaron Copland's Clarinet Concerto was written between 1947 and 1949, although a first version was already available in 1948. This composition is also sometimes referred to as the Concerto for Clarinet, Strings and Harp...	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , folk-influenced, jazz-influenced, early twelve-tone Twelve-tone technique Twelve-tone technique is a method of musical composition devised by Arnold Schoenberg... , later serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of...
Isadore Freed Isadore Freed Isadore Freed was a Jewish composer of Belarusian birth.-Biography:Born in Brest-Litovsk, now Brest, Belarus, Freed's family emigrated to the United States when Freed was three years old and settled in Philadelphia, where his father owned a music store...	1900	1960	Belarusian-born American
Hector Gratton Hector Gratton Joseph Thomas Hector Gratton was a Canadian composer, arranger, conductor, pianist, and music educator. As a composer his music is written in an essentially folkloric and popular style which avoids harmonic sophistication. His compositional output includes several orchestral works, chamber workss,...	1900	1970	Canadian
Uuno Klami Uuno Klami Uuno Klami was a Finnish composer. He was born in Virolahti. Many of his works are related to the Kalevala. He was also influenced by French music, in particularly by Maurice Ravel and the group Les Six...	1900	1961	Finnish	Sea Pictures; Kalevala Suite
Ernst Krenek Ernst Krenek Ernst Krenek was an Austrian of Czech origin and, from 1945, American composer. He explored atonality and other modern styles and wrote a number of books, including Music Here and Now , a study of Johannes Ockeghem , and Horizons Circled: Reflections on my Music...	1900	1991	Austrian	Jonny spielt auf Jonny spielt auf Jonny spielt auf is an opera with words and music by Ernst Krenek about a jazz violinist. The work typified the cultural freedom of the 'golden era' of the Weimar Republic.-Performance history:... , Karl V Karl V Karl V is an opera, described as a Bühnenwerk mit Musik by Ernst Krenek, his opus 73. The German libretto is by the composer....	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , twelve-tone Twelve-tone technique Twelve-tone technique is a method of musical composition devised by Arnold Schoenberg... , later serial Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , neoromantic Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and... , eclectic
Colin McPhee Colin McPhee Colin McPhee was a Canadian composer and musicologist. He is primarily known for being the first Western composer to make an ethnomusicological study of Bali, and for the quality of that work...	1900	1964	Canadian	Tabuh-Tabuhan: Toccata for Orchestra	folk-influenced
Alexander Mosolov Alexander Mosolov Alexander Vasilyevich MosolovMosolov's name is transliterated variously and inconsistently between sources. Alternative spellings of Alexander include Alexandr, Aleksandr, Aleksander, and Alexandre; variations on Mosolov include Mossolov and Mossolow...	1900	1973	Russian	Iron Foundry Iron Foundry Factory: machine-music , Op. 19, commonly referred to as the Iron Foundry, is the most well-known work by Soviet composer Alexander Mosolov and a prime example of Soviet futurist music. It was composed between 1926 and 1927 as the first movement of the ballet suite...	Avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
Kurt Weill Kurt Weill Kurt Julian Weill was a German-Jewish composer, active from the 1920s, and in his later years in the United States. He was a leading composer for the stage who was best known for his fruitful collaborations with Bertolt Brecht...	1900	1950	German	Symphony No. 2; musicals	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Blaž Arnič Blaž Arnic Blaž Arnič was a Slovenian symphonic composer.Born in Luče, Lower Styria, Austria-Hungary, Arnič grew up on an isolated farmstead near Mount Raduha in the Kamnik Alps...	1901	1970	Slovenian		neoromanticism
Ruth Crawford Seeger Ruth Crawford Seeger Ruth Crawford Seeger , born Ruth Porter Crawford, was a modernist composer and an American folk music specialist.-Life:...	1901	1953	American	String Quartet String Quartet (Crawford-Seeger) Ruth Crawford's String Quartet is "regarded as one of the finest modernist works of the genre" . The composition or piece is in four untitled movements.-First Movement:The first movement is a fine example of twelve-tone study...	modernism
Werner Egk Werner Egk Werner Egk , born Werner Joseph Mayer, was a German composer.-Early career:He was born in the Swabian town of Auchsesheim, today part of Donauwörth, Germany. His family, of Catholic peasant stock, moved to Augsburg when Egk was six. He studied at a Benedictine Gymnasium and entered the municipal...	1901	1983	German
Gerald Finzi Gerald Finzi Gerald Raphael Finzi was a British composer. Finzi is best known as a song-writer, but also wrote in other genres...	1901	1956	English	Cello Concerto; songs	neoromantic Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and...
Lillian Fuchs Lillian Fuchs Lillian Fuchs , an American violist, teacher and composer, is considered to be among the finest instrumentalists of her time. She hailed from a musically talented family: her brothers, Joseph Fuchs, a violinist, and Harry Fuchs, a cellist, performed with her on numerous commercial recordings...	1901	1995	American
Eivind Groven Eivind Groven Eivind Groven was a Norwegian microtonal composer and music-theorist. He was from Telemark and had his background in the folk music of the area.- Biography :...	1901	1977	Norwegian
Harry Partch Harry Partch Harry Partch was an American composer and instrument creator. He was one of the first twentieth-century composers to work extensively and systematically with microtonal scales, writing much of his music for custom-made instruments that he built himself, tuned in 11-limit just intonation.-Early...	1901	1974	American	Daphne of the Dunes, Revelation in the Courthouse Park	microtonal, just intonation Just intonation In music, just intonation is any musical tuning in which the frequencies of notes are related by ratios of small whole numbers. Any interval tuned in this way is called a just interval. The two notes in any just interval are members of the same harmonic series... , self-built instruments
Joaquín Rodrigo Joaquín Rodrigo Joaquín Rodrigo Vidre, 1st Marquis of the Gardens of Aranjuez , commonly known as Joaquín Rodrigo, was a composer of classical music and a virtuoso pianist. Despite being nearly blind from an early age, he achieved great success...	1901	1999	Spanish	Concierto de Aranjuez Concierto de Aranjuez The Concierto de Aranjuez is a composition for classical guitar and orchestra by the Spanish composer Joaquín Rodrigo. Written in 1939, it is probably Rodrigo's best-known work, and its success established his reputation as one of the most significant Spanish composers of the twentieth century. ... ; guitar music	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , folk music Folk music Folk music is an English term encompassing both traditional folk music and contemporary folk music. The term originated in the 19th century. Traditional folk music has been defined in several ways: as music transmitted by mouth, as music of the lower classes, and as music with unknown composers....  influence
Edmund Rubbra Edmund Rubbra Edmund Rubbra was a British composer. He composed both instrumental and vocal works for soloists, chamber groups and full choruses and orchestras. He was greatly esteemed by fellow musicians and was at the peak of his fame in the mid-20th century. The most famous of his pieces are his eleven...	1901	1986	English	11 symphonies; Violin Concerto
Henri Sauguet Henri Sauguet Henri Sauguet , was a French composer. Born in Bordeaux as Henri-Pierre Poupard, he adopted his mother's maiden name as his pseudonym. His output includes operas, ballets, four symphonies , concertos, chamber and choral music and numerous songs, as well as film music...	1901	1989	French	4 symphonies
Henri Tomasi Henri Tomasi Henri Tomasi was a French classical composer and conductor.- The early years :Henri Tomasi was born in Marseille, France, in the working class neighborhood on August 17, 1901. His father Xavier Tomasi and mother Josephine Vincensi were originally from La Casinca, Corsica...	1901	1971	French
Theodore Chanler Theodore Chanler Theodore Ward Chanler was an American composer.-Biography:Chanler studied piano while a youngster in Boston, and then studied piano under Buhling and counterpoint under Goetschius at the Institute of Musical Art in New York...	1902	1961	American
Maurice Duruflé Maurice Duruflé Maurice Duruflé was a French composer, organist, and pedagogue.Duruflé was born in Louviers, Eure. In 1912, he became chorister at the Rouen Cathedral Choir School, where he studied piano and organ with Jules Haelling...	1902	1986	French	Requiem Requiem (Duruflé) The Requiem, op. 9, by Maurice Duruflé was commissioned in 1947 by the French music publisher Durand and is written in memory of the composer's father. The work is for SATB choir with mezzo-soprano and baritone soloists... ; organ music
Vissarion Shebalin Vissarion Shebalin Vissarion Yakovlevich Shebalin was a Soviet composer.-Biography:Shebalin was born in Omsk, where his parents were school teachers. He studied in the musical college in Omsk. He was 20 years old when, following the advice of his professor, he went to Moscow to show his first compositions to...	1902	1963	Russian
John Vincent John Vincent (composer) John Vincent was an American composer, conductor, and music educator.He was born in Birmingham, Alabama, and studied at the New England Conservatory of Music under Frederick Converse and George Chadwick graduating with a diploma in 1927...	1902	1977	American	Consort for Piano and Strings	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
William Walton William Walton Sir William Turner Walton OM was an English composer. During a sixty-year career, he wrote music in several classical genres and styles, from film scores to opera...	1902	1983	English	Symphony No. 1 Symphony No. 1 (Walton) The Symphony No. 1 in B-flat minor by the English composer William Walton was commissioned by Sir Hamilton Harty, and completed in 1935.-Structure:The work is in four movements.# Allegro assai# Scherzo: Presto con malizia... ; Violin Concerto Violin Concerto (Walton) The Violin Concerto of William Walton was written in 1938–39 and reorchestrated in 1943. It has three movements:#Andante tranquillo#Presto capriccioso alla napolitana#VivaceThe concerto was written for Jascha Heifetz, who commissioned it in 1936... ; Viola Concerto Viola Concerto (Walton) The Viola Concerto by William Walton was written in 1929 for the violist Lionel Tertis at the suggestion of Sir Thomas Beecham. The concerto carries the dedication "To Christabel" .... ; Variations on a Theme by Hindemith; Belshazzar's Feast Belshazzar's Feast (Walton) Belshazzar's Feast is an oratorio by the English composer William Walton. It was first performed at the Leeds Festival on 8 October 1931. The work has remained one of Walton's most celebrated compositions and one of the most popular works in the English choral repertoire... (oratorio)	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....  (early), neoromantic Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and... , neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Stefan Wolpe Stefan Wolpe Stefan Wolpe was a German-born composer.-Life:Wolpe was born in Berlin. He attended the Klindworth-Scharwenka Conservatory from the age of fourteen, and the Berlin Hochschule für Musik in 1920-1921. He studied composition under Franz Schreker and was also a pupil of Ferruccio Busoni...	1902	1972	German		serial Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of...
Claude Arrieu Claude Arrieu Claude Arrieu was a prolific French composer.-Biography:Claude Arrieu was a classically trained musician from an early age. She became particularly interested in works by Bach and Mozart, and later, Igor Stravinsky...	1903	1990	French
Lennox Berkeley Lennox Berkeley Sir Lennox Randal Francis Berkeley was an English composer.- Biography :He was born in Oxford, England, and educated at the Dragon School, Gresham's School and Merton College, Oxford...	1903	1989	English	4 symphonies	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , later serial Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of...
Boris Blacher	1903	1975	German
Jens Bjerre Jacobsen Jens Bjerre Jacobsen Jens Bjerre Jacobsen was a Danish composer and organist.-Notable works:*Serenade *Mosaïque musicale nr...	1903	1986	Danish
Luis H. Salgado Luis H. Salgado Luis Humberto Salgado Ecuadorian composer regarded as one of the most influential and prolific of his country.-Biography:...	1903	1977	Ecuadorian	Sanjuanito futurista; Eunice (opera); Cumandá (opera); 9 symphonies	folk-influenced, modernist Modernism (music) Modernism in music is characterized by a desire for or belief in progress and science, surrealism, anti-romanticism, political advocacy, general intellectualism, and/or a breaking with the past or common practice.- Defining musical modernism :...
Avril Coleridge-Taylor Avril Coleridge-Taylor Gwendolyn Avril Coleridge-Taylor was an English pianist, conductor, and composer.-Biography:She was born in South Norwood, London, the daughter of composer Samuel Coleridge-Taylor. She wrote her first composition, Goodbye Butterfly, at the age of twelve...	1903	1998	English
Vernon Duke Vernon Duke Vernon Duke was a Russian-American composer/songwriter, who also wrote under his original name Vladimir Dukelsky. He is best known for "Taking a Chance on Love" with lyrics by Ted Fetter and John Latouche, "I Can't Get Started" with lyrics by Ira Gershwin, "April in Paris" with lyrics by E. Y... , actual name Vladimir Dukelsky	1903	1969	Russian		both post-tonal style as Dukelsky and in the style of Tin Pan Alley as Duke
Vittorio Giannini Vittorio Giannini Vittorio Giannini was a neoromantic American composer of operas, songs, symphonies, and band works.-Life and work:...	1903	1966	Italian	Blennerhassett Blennerhassett (opera) Blennerhassett is a brief opera in one act by American composer Vittorio Giannini with a libretto by Phillip Roll and Norman Corwin. It was commissioned by CBS radio as part of the Columbia Composers Commission, and received its premiere in a radio broadcast on November 2, 1939. Blennerhassett...	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Walter Goehr Walter Goehr Walter Goehr was a German composer and conductor.Goehr was born in Berlin where studied with Arnold Schoenberg and embarked on a conducting career, before being forced as a Jew to seek employment outside Germany, while working for Berlin Radio in 1932. He was invited to become music director for...	1903	1960	German
Berthold Goldschmidt Berthold Goldschmidt Berthold Goldschmidt was a German Jewish composer who spent most of his life in England...	1903	1996	German
Aram Khachaturian Aram Khachaturian Aram Ilyich Khachaturian was a prominent Soviet composer. Khachaturian's works were often influenced by classical Russian music and Armenian folk music...	1903	1978	Armenian	Gayane (ballet, includes Sabre Dance Sabre Dance "The Sabre Dance" is a movement in the final act of the ballet Gayane , written by Armenian composer Aram Khachaturian's and completed in 1942. It evokes a whirling war dance in an Armenian dance, where the dancers display their skill with sabres. Its middle section incorporates an Armenian folk... ); Spartacus Spartacus (ballet) Spartacus, or Spartak, is a ballet by Aram Khachaturian . The work follows the exploits of Spartacus, the leader of the slave uprising against the Romans known as the Third Servile War, although the ballet's storyline takes considerable liberties with the historical record. Khachaturian composed... (ballet); concertos
Marc Lavry Marc Lavry Marc Lavry was an Israeli composer and conductor.Marc Lavry was a most prolific composer who belonged to an exclusive group of artists who formulated what is known today as Israeli music....	1903	1967	Israel	Symphonic Poem Emek, Opera Dan Hashomer
Ervin Nyíregyházi Ervin Nyíregyházi Ervin Nyíregyházi was a Hungarian-born American pianist.-Childhood and early career:...	1903	1987	Hungarian		Romanticism
Mario Pilati Mario Pilati Mario Pilati was an Italian composer.Pilati was born in Naples, and his natural musical talent showed itself when he was very young. He entered the Conservatoiro di Musica San Pietro a Majella at the age of fifteen, studying under Antonio Savasta...	1903	1938	Italian	Piedigrotta (opera)
Priaulx Rainier Priaulx Rainier Ivy Priaulx Rainier was a South African-British composer. Although she lived most of her life in England and died in France, her compositional style was strongly influenced by the African music remembered from her childhood. She never adopted 12-tone or serial techniques, but her music shows a...	1903	1986	South African / English	Ploërmel, Quanta, String Trio
Richard Addinsell Richard Addinsell Richard Stewart Addinsell was a British composer, best known for film music, primarily his Warsaw Concerto, composed for the 1941 film Dangerous Moonlight .-Life:...	1904	1977	British	Warsaw Concerto Warsaw Concerto The Warsaw Concerto is a single-movement piano concerto written for the 1941 film Dangerous Moonlight . It was written by British composer Richard Addinsell...
John Antill John Antill John Henry Antill, CMG, OBE was an Australian composer best known for his ballet Corroboree.-Biography:Antill was born in Sydney in 1904, and was educated and trained in music at Trinity Grammar School, Sydney and St Andrew's Cathedral School. Upon leaving school in 1920 he became apprenticed to...	1904	1986	Australian	Corroboree Corroboree (ballet) Corroboree is a ballet written by Australian composer John Antill in the 1940s. It was first performed as a concert suite in 1946. In July 1950 it was performed as a ballet, at the Empire Theatre in Sydney, choreographed by Rex Reid, with dancers of the Melbourne-based National Theatre... (ballet suite)
Walter Bricht Walter Bricht Walter Bricht was a noted Austrian-American pianist, composer and teacher.-Early life:Born in Vienna Bricht was exposed to multiple musical influences from his youth. His father, Balduin Bricht, was a music critic for the Volkszeitung, a newspaper in Vienna...	1904	1970	Austrian		Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Luigi Dallapiccola Luigi Dallapiccola Luigi Dallapiccola was an Italian composer known for his lyrical twelve-tone compositions.-Biography:Dallapiccola was born at Pisino d'Istria , to Italian parents....	1904	1975	Italian	Il prigioniero Il prigioniero Il prigioniero is an opera in a prologue and one act, with music and libretto by Luigi Dallapiccola. The opera was first broadcast by the Italian radio station RAI on 1 December 1949... and other operas	12-Tone
Dmitry Kabalevsky	1904	1987	Russian	The Comedians
Goffredo Petrassi Goffredo Petrassi Goffredo Petrassi was an Italian composer of modern classical music, conductor, and teacher. He is considered one of the most influential Italian composers of the twentieth century.-Life:...	1904	2003	Italian
Gavriil Popov	1904	1972	Russian	Chamber Symphony; Symphony No. 1 Symphony No. 1 (Popov) Symphony No. 1 by Soviet-Russian composer Gavriil Nikolayevich Popov is a composition that was banned from performance in the U.S.S.R. until recently. Popov had completed a sketch of the first movement by August 1929 and was preparing its last movement by February 1930...
Nikolaos Skalkottas Nikolaos Skalkottas Nikos Skalkottas was one of the most important Greek composers of 20th-century music. A member of the Second Viennese School, he drew his influences from both the classical repertoire and the Greek tradition....	1904	1949	Greek		twelve-tone Twelve-tone technique Twelve-tone technique is a method of musical composition devised by Arnold Schoenberg... , folk music Folk music Folk music is an English term encompassing both traditional folk music and contemporary folk music. The term originated in the 19th century. Traditional folk music has been defined in several ways: as music transmitted by mouth, as music of the lower classes, and as music with unknown composers....  influence
Heikki Aaltoila Heikki Aaltoila Heikki Aaltoila, was a Finnish composer.His film compositions included music for Veteraanin voitto, Kvinnan bakom allt, and Prinsessa Ruusunen.- External links :...	1905	1975	Finnish
William Alwyn William Alwyn William Alwyn, CBE, born William Alwyn Smith was an English composer, conductor, and music teacher.-Life and music:...	1905	1985	English	5 symphonies; Lyra Angelica; Elizabethan Dances	neoromantic Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and...
Marc Blitzstein Marc Blitzstein Marcus Samuel Blitzstein, better known as Marc Blitzstein , was an American composer. He won national attention in 1937 when his pro-union musical The Cradle Will Rock, directed by Orson Welles, was shut down by the Works Progress Administration...	1905	1964	American	The Cradle Will Rock The Cradle Will Rock The Cradle Will Rock is a 1937 musical by Marc Blitzstein. Originally a part of the Federal Theatre Project, it was directed by Orson Welles, and produced by John Houseman. The show was recorded and released on seven 78-rpm discs in 1938, making it the first cast album recording.The musical is a... (musical)
Eugène Bozza Eugène Bozza Eugène Joseph Bozza was a French composer.Bozza studied composition, conducting, and violin at the Paris Conservatoire. He is known primarily for his chamber music. Bozza's work includes five symphonies, operas, ballets, and many pieces for brass ensemble...	1905	1991	French
Mario Braggiotti Mario Braggiotti Mario Braggiotti was a pianist, composer and raconteur. His career was launched by George Gershwin, who became his friend and mentor.-Early history:...	1905	1996	American (Italian-born)
Ferenc Farkas Ferenc Farkas Ferenc Farkas was a Hungarian composer.Farkas began his studies in composition at the Budapest Academy of Music , where his teachers were Leo Weiner and Albert Siklós. He later studied with Ottorino Respighi in Rome...	1905	2000	Hungarian
Karl Amadeus Hartmann Karl Amadeus Hartmann Karl Amadeus Hartmann was a German composer. Some have lauded him as the greatest German symphonist of the 20th century, although he is now largely overlooked, particularly in English-speaking countries.-Life:...	1905	1963	German	8 symphonies
André Jolivet André Jolivet André Jolivet was a French composer. Known for his devotion to French culture and musical thought, Jolivet's music draws on his interest in acoustics and atonality as well as both ancient and modern influences in music, particularly on instruments used in ancient times...	1905	1974	French
Constant Lambert Constant Lambert Leonard Constant Lambert was a British composer and conductor.-Early life:Lambert, the son of Russian-born Australian painter George Lambert, was educated at Christ's Hospital and the Royal College of Music...	1905	1951	English	The Rio Grande	popular music influence, jazz Jazz Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated music from 19th and 20th...  influence
Walter Leigh Walter Leigh Walter Leigh was an English composer. Leigh is most famous for his Concertino for harpsichord and string orchestra, written in 1934. Other famous works include the overture Agincourt and The Frogs of Aristophanes for chorus and orchestra...	1905	1942	English	Concertino for Harpsichord and Strings; Agincourt; Jolly Roger; Music for Strings	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Alan Rawsthorne Alan Rawsthorne Alan Rawsthorne was a British composer. He was born in Haslingden, Lancashire, and is buried in Thaxted churchyard in Essex.-Career:...	1905	1971	English	3 symphonies; Symphonic Studies	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Giacinto Scelsi Giacinto Scelsi Giacinto Scelsi , Count of Ayala Valva was an Italian composer who also wrote surrealist poetry in French....	1905	1988	Italian	Quattro pezzi chiascuno su una nota sola
Michael Tippett Michael Tippett Sir Michael Kemp Tippett OM CH CBE was an English composer.In his long career he produced a large body of work, including five operas, three large-scale choral works, four symphonies, five string quartets, four piano sonatas, concertos and concertante works, song cycles and incidental music...	1905	1998	English	The Midsummer Marriage The Midsummer Marriage The Midsummer Marriage is an opera in three acts, with music and libretto by Michael Tippett. The work's first performance was at Covent Garden, 27 January 1955, conducted by John Pritchard... ; 4 symphonies; A Child of Our Time A Child of Our Time A Child of Our Time is an oratorio written by Michael Tippett between 1939 and 1941."After more than ten years of thoughtful planning, Michael Tippett summed up his musical, political, spiritual and philosophical beliefs in his first oratorio, A Child of Our Time... (oratorio)
Eduard Tubin Eduard Tubin -Life:Tubin was born in Torila, Governorate of Livonia, Estonia. Both his parents were music lovers, and his father played trumpet and trombone in the village band. His first taste of music came at school where he learned flute and balalaika. Later, his father swapped a cow for a piano, and the...	1905	1982	Estonian	11 symphonies
Xian Xinghai Xian Xinghai Xian Xinghai was one of the earliest generation of Chinese composers influenced by western classical music and has influenced generations of Chinese musicians...	1905	1945	Chinese	Yellow River Cantata Yellow River Cantata The Yellow River Cantata is a cantata by Chinese composer Xian Xinghai . Composed in Yan'an in early 1939 during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the work was inspired by a patriotic poem by Guang Weiran, which was also adapted as the lyrics...
Xiao Shuxian Xiao Shuxian Xiao Shuxian was a Chinese composer and music educator....	1905	1991	Chinese
Ahn Eak-tai Ahn Eak-tai Ahn Eak-tai was a Korean classical composer and conductor. He conducted numerous major orchestras across Europe, including the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra, the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, and the Rome Philharmonic Orchestra...	1906	1965	Korean	Aegukga Aegukga Aegukga is the national anthem of South Korea. The title literally means "The Song of Love for the Country," or "The Patriotic Song."It is believed that the lyrics were written for the cornerstone-laying ceremony of the Independence Gate in Seoul in 1896 by Yun Chiho, a politician, or by An...
Daniel Ayala Pérez Daniel Ayala Pérez Daniel Ayala Pérez was a Mexican violinist, conductor, and composer.-Biography:...	1906	1975	Mexican	Tribu (symphonic poem)
Franz Biebl Franz Biebl Franz Xaver Biebl was a German composer of classical music. Most of his compositions were for choral ensembles....	1906	2001	German	Ave Maria
Alejandro García Caturla Alejandro García Caturla Alejandro García Caturla was a Cuban composer of art music and creolized Cuban themes.He was born in Remedios. At sixteen he became a second violin of the new Orquesta Sinfonica de La Habana in 1922, where Amadeo Roldán was concert-master . He also began composing at a young age, whilst studying...	1906	1940	Cuban
Arnold Cooke Arnold Cooke Arnold Atkinson Cooke was a British composer.-Career:He was born at Gomersal, West Yorkshire into a family of carpet manufacturers. He was educated at Repton School and at Gonville & Caius College, Cambridge, where he read History, but he was already attracted to a career in music...	1906	2005	British
Paul Creston Paul Creston Paul Creston was an Italian American composer of classical music.Born in New York City to Sicilian immigrants, Creston was self‐taught as a composer. He was an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia music fraternity, initiated into the national honorary Alpha Alpha chapter...	1906	1985	Italian-American	6 symphonies	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Claire Delbos Claire Delbos Claire Delbos was a French violinist and composer, and first wife of the composer Olivier Messiaen.-Biography:...	1906	1959	French
Antal Doráti Antal Doráti Antal Doráti, KBE was a Hungarian-born conductor and composer who became a naturalized American citizen in 1947.-Biography:...	1906	1988	American
Klaus Egge Klaus Egge Klaus Egge was a Norwegian composer and music critic. His music, often called a stream of will, is characterized by polyphony and a strong rhythmical energy.-Music:...	1906	1979	Norwegian
Ulvi Cemal Erkin Ulvi Cemal Erkin Ulvi Cemal Erkin was a member of the pioneer group of symphonic composers in Turkey, born in the period 1904 - 1910, who later came to be called The Turkish Five. These composers set out the direction of music in the newly established Turkish Republic...	1906	1972	Turkish
Eric Fenby Eric Fenby Eric William Fenby OBE was an English composer and teacher who is best known for being Frederick Delius's amanuensis from 1928 to 1934. He helped Delius realise a number of works that would not otherwise have been forthcoming....	1906	1997	English
Benjamin Frankel Benjamin Frankel Benjamin Frankel was a British composer. Frankel's most famous pieces include a cycle of five string quartets and eight symphonies as well as a number of concertos for violin and viola; his single best-known piece is probably the First Sonata for Solo Violin, which, like his concertos, resulted...	1906	1973	English
Zoltán Gárdonyi Zoltán Gárdonyi Zoltán Gárdonyi was a Hungarian composer and musicologist. He taught at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music for 26 years.- Life and work :...	1906	1986	Hungarian	Psalm 46, organ sonatas, motets	sacred music
Miriam Gideon Miriam Gideon Miriam Gideon was an American composer.-Life:She studied organ with her uncle Henry Gideon and piano with Felix Fox. She also studied with Martin Bernstein, Marion Bauer, Charles Haubiel, and Jacques Pillois...	1906	1996	American
Radamés Gnattali Radamés Gnattali Radamés Gnattali , was a Brazilian classical composer, conductor, orchestrator, and arranger.Radamés Gnattali was born in Porto Alegre, the son of Alessandro Gnattali and Adélia Fossati. Both his father and mother were musicians...	1906	1988	Brazilian
Jānis Ivanovs Janis Ivanovs Jānis Ivanovs was a Soviet Latvian classical music composer.In 1931, he graduated from the Latvian State Conservatory in Riga. In 1944, he joined the conservatory's faculty, becoming a full professor in 1955. He is regarded as being the most distinguished Latvian symphonist...	1906	1983	Latvian	21 symphonies	neoromantic Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and...
Elisabeth Lutyens Elisabeth Lutyens Elisabeth Lutyens, CBE was a significant English composer.- Early life and education :She was one of the five children of architect Sir Edwin Lutyens and his wife Emily, who was profoundly involved in the Theosophical Movement...	1906	1983	English
Alexander Moyzes Alexander Moyzes Alexander Moyzes , was a Slovak 20th century neoromantic composer.-Biography:Moyzes was born into a musical family in 1906 at Kláštor pod Znievom in present Slovakia. His father was the composer and educator Mikuláš Moyzes...	1906	1984	Slovakian	12 symphonies
Dmitri Shostakovich Dmitri Shostakovich Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich was a Soviet Russian composer and one of the most celebrated composers of the 20th century....	1906	1975	Russian	15 symphonies including Symphony No. 5 Symphony No. 5 (Shostakovich) The Symphony No. 5 in D minor, Op. 47, by Dmitri Shostakovich is a work for orchestra composed between April and July 1937. Its first performance was on November 21, 1937, in Leningrad by the Leningrad Philharmonic Orchestra under Yevgeny Mravinsky... , No. 7 Symphony No. 7 (Shostakovich) Dmitri Shostakovich’s Symphony No. 7 in C major, Op. 60 dedicated to the city of Leningrad was completed on 27 December 1941. In its time, the symphony was extremely popular in both Russia and the West as a symbol of resistance and defiance to Nazi totalitarianism and militarism... , No. 9 Symphony No. 9 (Shostakovich) Symphony No. 9 in E flat major, Op. 70 was composed by Dmitri Shostakovich in 1945. It was premiered on 3 November 1945 in Leningrad by the Leningrad Philharmonic Orchestra under Evgeny Mravinsky.-Composition:... , and No. 10 Symphony No. 10 (Shostakovich) The Symphony No. 10 in E minor by Dmitri Shostakovich was premiered by the Leningrad Philharmonic Orchestra under Yevgeny Mravinsky on 17 December 1953, following the death of Joseph Stalin in March that year... ; Violin Concerto No. 1 Violin Concerto No. 1 (Shostakovich) The Violin Concerto No. 1 in A minor, Opus 99, was originally written by Dmitri Shostakovich in 1947-48. He was still working on the piece at the time of the Zhdanov decree, and in the period following the composer's denunciation the work could not be performed... ; Cello Concerto No. 1 Cello Concerto No. 1 (Shostakovich) The Cello Concerto No. 1 in E Flat Major, Opus 107, was composed in 1959 by Dmitri Shostakovich. He wrote the work for his friend Mstislav Rostropovich, who committed it to memory in four days and gave the premiere on October 4, 1959, with Yevgeny Mravinsky conducting the Leningrad Philharmonic... ; Festive Overture; String Quartet No. 8 String Quartet No. 8 (Shostakovich) Dmitri Shostakovich's String Quartet No. 8 in C minor was written in three days . It was premiered that year in Leningrad by the Beethoven Quartet.... ; Piano Quintet Piano Quintet (Shostakovich) The Piano Quintet in G Minor, opus 57, by Dmitri Shostakovich is one of his best known chamber works. Like most piano quintets, it is written for piano and string quartet .... ; The Gadfly Suite The Gadfly Suite The Gadfly Suite, Op. 97a, is a suite for orchestra arranged from the composition by Dmitri Shostakovich for the 1955 Soviet film The Gadfly, based on the novel of the same name by Ethel Lilian Voynich .The Suite known as Op...	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , neoromantic Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and...
Louise Talma Louise Talma Louise Talma was a composer. She was raised in New York City and studied at the Institute of Musical Arts , 1922–1930, and received her bachelor of music degree from New York University and masters of arts degree from Columbia University...	1906	1996	American
Grace Williams Grace Williams -Biography:Williams was born in Barry, near Cardiff, Wales.She was educated at Barry County School, and won a scholarship to Cardiff University . She then went to the Royal College of Music, London, where she was taught by Ralph Vaughan Williams...	1906	1977	Welsh
David Van Vactor David Van Vactor David Van Vactor was an American composer of contemporary classical music.He was born in Plymouth, Indiana, and received Bachelor of Music and Master of Music degrees from Northwestern University...	1906	1994	American	7 symphonies
Federico Elizalde	1907	1979	Filipino-Spanish	Concertos, symphonic poems
Henk Badings Henk Badings Henk Badings was a Dutch composer.Born in Bandung, Java, Dutch East Indies, as the son of Herman Louis Johan Badings, an officer in the Dutch East Indies army, Badings became an orphan at an early age...	1907	1987	Dutch
Wolfgang Fortner Wolfgang Fortner Wolfgang Fortner was a German composer, composition teacher and conductor.-Life:Fortner was born in Leipzig. From his parents - both singers - Fortner very early on had intense contact with music...	1907	1987	German
Camargo Guarnieri Camargo Guarnieri Mozart Camargo Guarnieri was a Brazilian composer.-Name:He was registered at birth as Mozart Guarnieri, but when he began a musical career, he decided his first name was too pretentious and subject to puns. Thus he adopted his mother's maiden name Camargo as a middle name, and thenceforth signed...	1907	1993	Brazilian
Elizabeth Maconchy Elizabeth Maconchy Dame Elizabeth Violet Maconchy Le Fanu DBE was an English composer, most noted for her cycle of thirteen string quartets.-Biography:...	1907	1994	English
Hisato Ohzawa Hisato ohzawa was a Japanese composer. His relative neglect today contrasts with the fact that he was one of the pre-eminent Japanese composers of his day.- Biography :He grew up in Kobe, studying piano, organ and choral singing...	1907	1953	Japanese
Miklós Rózsa Miklós Rózsa Miklós Rózsa was a Hungarian-born composer trained in Germany , and active in France , England , and the United States , with extensive sojourns in Italy from 1953...	1907	1995	Hungarian		folk-influenced
Ahmed Adnan Saygun	1907	1991	Turkish	5 symphonies
Martin Scherber Martin Scherber Martin Scherber was a German composer and the creator of metamorphosis symphonies.- Childhood and Youth :Martin Scherber was born as the third child of Marie and Bernhard Scherber in Nuremberg, where his father was First Bassist in the orchestra of the State Opera House. Martin was a quiet child,...	1907	1974
Necil Kazım Akses Necil Kazim Akses Necil Kazım Akses was a Turkish classical composer.-Life:Akses studied music and composition in Vienna with Joseph Marx and in Prague with Josef Suk and Alois Hába...	1908	1999	Turkish
Leroy Anderson Leroy Anderson Leroy Anderson was an American composer of short, light concert pieces, many of which were introduced by the Boston Pops Orchestra under the direction of Arthur Fiedler...	1908	1975	American	Sleigh Ride Sleigh Ride "Sleigh Ride" is a popular light orchestral piece composed by Leroy Anderson. The composer had the original idea for the piece during a heat wave in July 1946; he finished the work in February 1948. Lyrics, about a person who would like to ride in a sleigh on a winter's day with another person,... ; Blue Tango Blue Tango "Blue Tango" is an instrumental composition by Leroy Anderson. it was later turned into a popular song with lyrics by Mitchell Parish. It was published in 1952... ; Jazz Pizzicato; Irish Suite; Suites of Carols
Elliott Carter Elliott Carter Elliott Cook Carter, Jr. is a two-time Pulitzer Prize-winning American composer born and living in New York City. He studied with Nadia Boulanger in Paris in the 1930s, and then returned to the United States. After a neoclassical phase, he went on to write atonal, rhythmically complex music...	1908		American	Variations for Orchestra; A Symphony of Three Orchestras; 5 string quartets	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...  (early), modernist Modernism (music) Modernism in music is characterized by a desire for or belief in progress and science, surrealism, anti-romanticism, political advocacy, general intellectualism, and/or a breaking with the past or common practice.- Defining musical modernism :...
Jean Coulthard Jean Coulthard Jean Coulthard, was a Canadian composer and music educator. She was part of a trio of women composers who dominated Western Canadian music in the twentieth century: Coulthard, Barbara Pentland, and Violet Archer. All three died within weeks of each other in 2000...	1908	2000	Canadian
Gustav Ernesaks Gustav Ernesaks Gustav Ernesaks was an Estonian composer and a choir conductor....	1908	1993	Estonian
Herman David Koppel Herman David Koppel Herman David Koppel was a composer and pianist of Jewish origin.Born in Copenhagen, he fled the Nazis with his family in 1943. He wrote 13 symphonies, numerous concertos, and 20 string quartets....	1908	1998	Danish	13 symphonies	neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Lars-Erik Larsson Lars-Erik Larsson Lars-Erik Larsson was a notable Swedish composer of the 20th century.-Biography:Lars-Erik Vilner Larsson was born in Åkarp in 1908...	1908	1986	Swedish	3 symphonies
Olivier Messiaen Olivier Messiaen Olivier Messiaen was a French composer, organist and ornithologist, one of the major composers of the 20th century. His music is rhythmically complex ; harmonically and melodically it is based on modes of limited transposition, which he abstracted from his early compositions and improvisations...	1908	1992	French	Turangalila Symphony; Quartet for the End of Time; Vingt regards sur l'enfant-Jésus Vingt regards sur l'enfant-Jésus Vingt regards sur l'enfant-Jésus is a collection of pieces by the French composer Olivier Messiaen for solo piano. The French title translates into English roughly as "Twenty gazes/contemplations on the infant Jesus"... ; Saint François d'Assise (opera)	mysticism Mysticism Mysticism is the knowledge of, and especially the personal experience of, states of consciousness, i.e. levels of being, beyond normal human perception, including experience and even communion with a supreme being.-Classical origins:... , postimpressionist Impressionist music Impressionism in music was a tendency in European classical music, mainly in France, which appeared in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. Similarly to its precursor in the visual arts, musical impressionism focuses on a suggestion and an atmosphere...
Geirr Tveitt Geirr Tveitt Geirr Tveitt, born Nils Tveit was a Norwegian composer and pianist. Tveitt was a central figure of the national movement in Norwegian cultural life during the 1930s.-Early years:...	1908	1981	Norwegian	6 piano concertos	folk-influenced
Grażyna Bacewicz Grazyna Bacewicz Grażyna Bacewicz was a Polish composer and violinist. She is only the second Polish female composer to have achieved national and international recognition, the first being Maria Szymanowska in the early 19th century.- Life :Bacewicz was born in Łódź...	1909	1969	Polish
Gunnar Berg	1909	1989	Danish (Swiss-born)	Suite for cello	serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of...
Jean Berger Jean Berger Jean Berger was a German-born pianist, composer, and music educator.-Early years:...	1909	2002	American (German-born)
Paul Constantinescu Paul Constantinescu Paul Constantinescu was a Romanian composer.-Major works:*Piano concerto*Violin concerto*Symphony No.1*The Nativity *A stormy night *Pana Lesnea Rusalim...	1909	1963	Romanian
Vagn Holmboe Vagn Holmboe Vagn Gylding Holmboe was a Danish composer and teacher who wrote largely in a neo-classical style.-Life:At the age of 16, Holmboe began formal music training at the Royal Danish Academy of Music in Copenhagen on the recommendation of Carl Nielsen. He studied under Knud Jeppesen and Finn Høffding...	1909	1996	Danish	13 symphonies	neoclassicism Neoclassicism Neoclassicism is the name given to Western movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that draw inspiration from the "classical" art and culture of Ancient Greece or Ancient Rome...
Ljubica Marić Ljubica Maric Ljubica Marić was considered to be one of the most original composers to emerge from Yugoslavia. She was a pupil of Josip Štolcer-Slavenski. She was known for being inspired by Byzantine Orthodox church music...	1909	2003	Serb	Sounds of Space; Ostinato Super Thema Octoicha; Threshold of Dream	post-modernism
Elie Siegmeister Elie Siegmeister Elie Siegmeister was an American composer, educator and author.His varied musical output showed his concern with the development of an authentic American musical vocabulary...	1909	1991	American	9 operas; 8 symphonies; Western Suite
Samuel Barber Samuel Barber Samuel Osborne Barber II was an American composer of orchestral, opera, choral, and piano music. His Adagio for Strings is his most popular composition and widely considered a masterpiece of modern classical music...	1910	1981	American	Adagio for Strings Adagio for Strings Adagio for Strings is a work by Samuel Barber, arranged for string orchestra from the second movement of his String Quartet, Op. 11. Barber finished the arrangement in 1936, the same year as he wrote the quartet... ; Violin Concerto Violin concerto (Barber) Samuel Barber completed his Violin Concerto, Op. 14, in 1939. It is a work in three movements, lasting about 22 minutes.-History:In 1939 Philadelphia industrialist Samuel Simeon Fels commissioned Barber to write a violin concerto for Fels' ward, Iso Briselli, a graduate from the Curtis Institute... ; Symphony in One Movement Symphony in One Movement (Barber) Samuel Barber's Symphony in One Movement , was completed 24 February 1936. It was premiered by Rome's Philharmonic Augusteo Orchestra under the baton of Bernardino Molinari 13 December 1936. It lasts around 21 minutes.... ; Vanessa Vanessa (opera) Vanessa is an opera in three acts by Samuel Barber with an original English libretto by Gian-Carlo Menotti. It was composed in 1956–1957 and was first performed at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City on January 15, 1958 under the baton of Dimitri Mitropoulos in a production designed by... (opera)	Romanticism Romanticism Romanticism was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution...
Ronald Binge Ronald Binge Ronald Binge was a British composer and arranger of light music.-Biography:He was born in a working-class neighbourhood in Derby in the English Midlands. In his childhood he was a chorister at Saint Andrews Church , London Road, Derby - 'the railwaymens church'...	1910	1979	British		light music
Patricia Blomfield Holt Patricia Blomfield Holt Patricia Blomfield Holt was a Canadian composer, pianist, and music educator. An associate of the Canadian Music Centre and a member of the Association of Canadian Women Composers, her compositions have been performed by notable musical ensembles throughout North America and Europe...	1910	2003	Canadian
Paul Bowles Paul Bowles Paul Frederic Bowles was an American expatriate composer, author, and translator.Following a cultured middle-class upbringing in New York City, during which he displayed a talent for music and writing, Bowles pursued his education at the University of Virginia before making various trips to Paris...	1910	1999	American
Francis Judd Cooke Francis Judd Cooke Francis Judd Cooke was an American composer, organist, cellist, pianist, conductor, choir director, and professor.-Life:...	1910	1995	American
Blas Galindo Blas Galindo -Biography:Born in San Gabriel, Jalisco, Galindo studied intermittently from 1931 to 1944 at the National Conservatory in Mexico City, under Carlos Chávez, Candelario Huizar, José Rolón, and Manuel Rodríguez Vizcarra...	1910	1993	Mexican
Evgeny Golubev Evgeny Golubev Evgeny Kirillovich Golubev was a Russian Soviet composer.He was taught by Nikolai Myaskovsky, and his students included Alfred Schnittke, who studied with him from 1953 until 1958 and Michael L. Geller...	1910	1988	Russian
Rolf Liebermann Rolf Liebermann Rolf Liebermann , was a Swiss composer and music administrator born in Zurich, and associated with several different musical genres. His output included chansons, classical, and light music. His classical music often combines myriad styles and techniques, including those drawn from baroque,...	1910	1999	Swiss	Leonore 40/45 (opera); Concerto for Jazzband and Symphony Orchestra
Herbert Owen Reed	1910		American	La Fiesta Mexicana	folk-influenced
Pierre Schaeffer Pierre Schaeffer Pierre Henri Marie Schaeffer was a French composer, writer, broadcaster, engineer, musicologist and acoustician of the 20th century. His innovative work in both the sciences —particularly communications and acoustics— and the various arts of music, literature and radio presentation after the end...	1910	1995	French		Musique concrète Musique concrète Musique concrète is a form of electroacoustic music that utilises acousmatic sound as a compositional resource. The compositional material is not restricted to the inclusion of sounds derived from musical instruments or voices, nor to elements traditionally thought of as "musical"...
William Schuman William Schuman William Howard Schuman was an American composer and music administrator.-Life:Born in Manhattan in New York City to Samuel and Rachel Schuman, Schuman was named after the twenty-seventh U.S. president, William Howard Taft, although his family preferred to call him Bill...	1910	1992	American	New England Triptych
Jehan Alain Jehan Alain Jehan Ariste Alain was a French organist and composer.-Biography:Alain was born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye in the western suburbs of Paris, into a family of musicians. His father, Albert Alain was an enthusiastic organist, composer and organ-builder who had studied with Alexandre Guilmant and Louis...	1911	1940	French
Gábor Darvas Gábor Darvas Gábor Darvas was a Hungarian composer and musicologist. He was one of the first Hungarian composers to work in the field of electronic music. As a musicologist, his interest was primarily in music of the 15th and 16th centuries.He was born at Szatmárnémeti...	1911	1985	Hungarian		electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Roberto García Morillo Roberto Garcia Morillo Roberto García Morillo was an Argentine composer, musicologist, music professor and music critic.-Biography:Morillo was born in Buenos Aires...	1911	2003	Argentine
Jean-Jacques Grunenwald Jean-Jacques Grunenwald Jean-Jacques Grunenwald , was a French organist, composer, architect, and pedagogue.-Life and work:Jean-Jacques Grunenwald was born in 1911 in Cran-Gevrier, Haute-Savoie. He studied at the Paris Conservatory, where he received first prizes in organ and composition...	1911	1982	French
Alan Hovhaness Alan Hovhaness Alan Hovhaness was an Armenian-American composer.His music is accessible to the lay listener and often evokes a mood of mystery or contemplation...	1911	2000	American	67 numbered symphonies including Mysterious Mountain; And God Created Great Whales (taped whale sounds and orchestra); Fantasy on Japanese Woodprints	Mysticism Mysticism Mysticism is the knowledge of, and especially the personal experience of, states of consciousness, i.e. levels of being, beyond normal human perception, including experience and even communion with a supreme being.-Classical origins:...
Robert McBride Robert McBride (composer) Robert McBride was an American composer and instrumentalist.-Biography:McBride was born in Tucson, Arizona, and learned from an early age to play clarinet, oboe, saxophone and the piano. He studied composition with Otto Luening at the University of Arizona, receiving a Bachelor of Music degree in...	1911	2007	American	Mexican Rhapsody, Farewell to Yesterday (film score), The Man with My Face (film score)	Jazz Jazz Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated music from 19th and 20th...  and Popular music Popular music Popular music belongs to any of a number of musical genres "having wide appeal" and is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry. It stands in contrast to both art music and traditional music, which are typically disseminated academically or orally to smaller, local...  influences
Gian Carlo Menotti Gian Carlo Menotti Gian Carlo Menotti was an Italian-American composer and librettist. Although he often referred to himself as an American composer, he kept his Italian citizenship. He wrote the classic Christmas opera, Amahl and the Night Visitors, among about two dozen other operas intended to appeal to popular...	1911	2007	Italian	operas including The Medium The Medium The Medium is a short two-act dramatic opera with words and music by Gian Carlo Menotti. Commissioned by Columbia University, its first performance was there on 8 May 1946. The opera's first professional production was presented on a double bill with Menotti's The Telephone at the Heckscher... , The Consul The Consul The Consul is an opera in three acts with music and libretto by Gian Carlo Menotti, his first full-length opera. Its first performance was on March 1, 1950, at the Shubert Theatre in Philadelphia with Patricia Neway as the lead heroine Magda Sorel, Gloria Lane as the secretary of the consulate,... and Amahl and the Night Visitors Amahl and the Night Visitors Amahl and the Night Visitors is an opera in one act by Gian Carlo Menotti with an original English libretto by the composer. It was commissioned by NBC and first performed by the NBC Opera Theatre on December 24, 1951, in New York City at NBC studio 8H in Rockefeller Center, where it was broadcast... ; concerti	Librettist
Allan Pettersson Allan Pettersson Gustav Allan Pettersson was a Swedish composer. Today he is considered one of the most important Swedish composers of the 20th century...	1911	1980	Swedish	17 symphonies	Neoromanticism Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and...
Nino Rota Nino Rota Nino Rota was an Italian composer and academic who is best known for his film scores, notably for the films of Federico Fellini and Luchino Visconti...	1911	1979	Italian	Vocal, orchestral and chamber music, The Godfather (film score), Romeo & Juliet (film score), 8½ (film score)
Endre Szervánszky Endre Szervánszky Endre Szervánszky was a Hungarian composer.-Biography:...	1911	1977	Hungarian
Hans Vogt Hans Vogt (composer) Hans Vogt was a German composer and conductor.-Professional career:He was born in Danzig. From 1929 to 1934 he studied with Georg Schumann and Otto Frickhoeffer at the Akademie der Künste in Berlin. From 1934 he worked in Minden as a cellist, pianist and conductor. In 1935 he was appointed...	1911	1992	German	Die Stadt hinter dem Strom (opera), Requiem, string quartets
John Cage John Cage John Milton Cage Jr. was an American composer, music theorist, writer, philosopher and artist. A pioneer of indeterminacy in music, electroacoustic music, and non-standard use of musical instruments, Cage was one of the leading figures of the post-war avant-garde...	1912	1992	American	4'33"; Sonatas and Interludes Sonatas and Interludes Sonatas and Interludes is a collection of twenty pieces for prepared piano by American avant-garde composer John Cage . It was composed in 1946–1948, shortly after Cage's introduction to Indian philosophy and the teachings of art historian Ananda K. Coomaraswamy, both of which became major...	Aleatoric music Aleatoric music Aleatoric music is music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer... , extended technique Extended technique Extended techniques are performance techniques used in music to describe unconventional, unorthodox, or non-traditional techniques of singing, or of playing musical instruments to obtain unusual sounds or instrumental timbres.... , prepared Piano Prepared piano A prepared piano is a piano that has had its sound altered by placing objects between or on the strings or on the hammers or dampers....
Arthur Berger Arthur Berger Arthur Victor Berger was an American composer who has been described as a New Mannerist.-Biography:Born in New York City, of Jewish descent, Berger studied as an undergraduate at New York University, during which time he joined the Young Composer's Group, as a graduate student under Walter Piston...	1912	2003	American
Alfred Desenclos Alfred Désenclos Alfred Desenclos was a French composer of classical music. Desenclos was a self-described "romantic" whose music is highly expressive and atmospheric and rooted in rigorous compositional technique....	1912	1971	French
Arkady Filippenko Arkady Filippenko Arkady Dmitriyevich Filippenko was a Soviet Ukrainian composer.- Biography :He was born in the small village of Pushcha-Vodycia, now a suburb of Kyiv . As a pre-schooler, he spent a great deal of time outdoors with his grandfather, a shepherd who played and made pastoral pipes akin to those of...	1912	1983	Ukrainian
Jean Françaix Jean Françaix Jean René Désiré Françaix was a French neoclassical composer, pianist, and orchestrator, known for his prolific output and vibrant style.-Life:...	1912	1997	French
Don Gillis	1912	1978	American	Symphony No. 5½ Symphony No. 5½ (Gillis) The Symphony No. 5½, A Symphony for Fun, is an orchestral symphony written in 1946 by American composer Don Gillis.Gillis, a prolific composer, had already written five symphonies when he embarked on this work's composition...
Peggy Glanville-Hicks Peggy Glanville-Hicks Peggy Glanville-Hicks was an Australian composer.- Biography :Peggy Glanville-Hicks was born Melbourne in 1912. At age 15 she began studying composition with Fritz Hart in Melbourne...	1912	1990	Australian
Carlos Guastavino Carlos Guastavino Carlos Guastavino was an Argentine composer.Carlos Guastavino was born in Santa Fe Province, Argentina. He studied music in Santa Fe with Esperanza Lothringer and Dominga Iaffei, and in Buenos Aires with Athos Palma...	1912	2000	Argentine
Daniel Jones Daniel Jones (composer) Daniel Jenkyn Jones OBE was a composer of classical music, who worked in Britain. He used both serial and tonal techniques...	1912	1993	Welsh
Igor Markevitch Igor Markevitch Igor Markevitch was a Ukrainian, Italian, and French composer and conductor.- Origin :Igor Markevich was born in Kiev, to an old family of Ukrainian Cossack starshyna ennobled in the 18th century...	1912	1983	Ukrainian
José Pablo Moncayo José Pablo Moncayo José Pablo Moncayo García was a Mexican pianist, percussionist, music teacher, composer and conductor. "As composer, José Pablo Moncayo represents one of the most important legacies of the Mexican nationalism in art music, after Silvestre Revueltas and Carlos Chávez." He produced some of the...	1912	1958	Mexican	Huapango
Xavier Montsalvatge Xavier Montsalvatge Xavier Montsalvatge i Bassols was a Spanish Catalan composer and music critic. He was one of the most influential music figures in Catalan music during the latter half of the 20th century.-Life:...	1912	2002	Spanish
Conlon Nancarrow Conlon Nancarrow Conlon Nancarrow was a United States-born composer who lived and worked in Mexico for most of his life. He became a Mexican citizen in 1955.Nancarrow is best remembered for the pieces he wrote for the player piano...	1912	1997	American-Mexican	Studies for player-piano
Violet Archer Violet Archer Violet Archer, CM was a Canadian composer, teacher, pianist, organist, and percussionist. Born Violet Balestreri in Montreal, Quebec, her family changed their name to Archer. She died in Ottawa....	1913	2000	Canadian
Margaret Bonds Margaret Bonds Margaret Allison Bonds was an American composer and pianist. One of the first black composers and performers to gain recognition in the United States, she is best remembered today for her frequent collaborations with Langston Hughes.-Life:...	1913	1972	American
Henry Brant Henry Brant Henry Dreyfuss Brant was a Canadian-born American composer. An expert orchestrator with a flair for experimentation, many of Brant's works featured spatialization techniques.- Biography :...	1913	2008	Canadian-American	Orbits, Verticals Ascending, Angels and Devils	spatial music Spatial music Spatial music, music in space, or space music uses the localization of sounds in physical space as a compositional element in music, in sound art, and in sound editing for audio recordings, film, and video...
Benjamin Britten Benjamin Britten Edward Benjamin Britten, Baron Britten, OM CH was an English composer, conductor, and pianist. He showed talent from an early age, and first came to public attention with the a cappella choral work A Boy Was Born in 1934. With the premiere of his opera Peter Grimes in 1945, he leapt to...	1913	1976	English	War Requiem War Requiem The War Requiem, Op. 66 is a large-scale, non-liturgical setting of the Requiem Mass composed by Benjamin Britten mostly in 1961 and completed January 1962. Interspersed with the traditional Latin texts, in telling juxtaposition, are settings of Wilfred Owen poems... ; Sinfonia da Requiem Sinfonia da Requiem Sinfonia da Requiem, Op. 20, for orchestra is a symphony written by Benjamin Britten in 1940 at the age of 26. It was one of several works commissioned from different composers by the Japanese Government to mark the 2,600th anniversary of the founding of the Japanese Empire... ; Peter Grimes Peter Grimes Peter Grimes is an opera by Benjamin Britten, with a libretto adapted by Montagu Slater from the Peter Grimes section of George Crabbe's poem The Borough... (opera); Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra The classical TV series Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra was created by famed world-renowned orchestra conductor Leonard Bernstein, in 1960. Bernstein created the show for the purpose of exposing young viewers, mainly school-aged children, not just to European classical music, but to various... ; Cello Symphony Cello Symphony The Symphony for Cello and Orchestra or Cello Symphony Op. 68 was written in 1963 by the British composer Benjamin Britten. He dedicated the work to Mstislav Rostropovich, who gave the work its premiere in Moscow with the composer and the Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra on March 12, 1964...	Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Peggy Stuart Coolidge Peggy Stuart Coolidge Peggy Stuart Coolidge was an American composer and conductor. She was one of the first female American composers to have a recording devoted to her symphonic works, and the first American composer to have a concert devoted entirely to her works presented in the Soviet Union...	1913	1981	American	Spirituals in Sunshine and Shadow, New England Autumn	folk- and blues-influenced
Vivian Fine Vivian Fine Vivian Fine was an American composer.Over her 70 year career, Vivian Fine became one of America’s most important composers. She wrote virtually without a break for 68 years, producing over 140 works...	1913	2000	American
Alvin Etler Alvin Etler Alvin Derald Etler was an American composer and oboist.-Career:A student of Paul Hindemith, Etler is noted for his highly rhythmic, harmonically and texturally complex compositional style, taking inspiration from the works of Bartók and Copland as well as the dissonant and accented styles of...	1913	1973	American
Ernest van der Eyken Ernest van der Eyken Ernest Jozef Leo van der Eyken was a Belgian composer, conductor and violist.Van der Eyken received his first musical training at the age of five at the Music Academy in Sint-Truiden. At the age of seven he joined the music theory class of Karel Candael at the Royal Music Conservatory in Antwerp...	1913	2010	Belgian	Elegie voor Bieke
Morton Gould Morton Gould Morton Gould was an American composer, conductor, arranger, and pianist.Born in Richmond Hill, New York, Gould was recognized early as a child prodigy with abilities in improvisation and composition. His first composition was published at age six...	1913	1996	American
George Lloyd George Lloyd (composer) George Walter Selwyn Lloyd was a British composer.-Early life:Of Cornish ancestry, Lloyd grew up in a family with great enthusiasm for music. He was mainly home-schooled because of rheumatic fever. He later studied violin with Albert Sammons and composition with Harry Farjeon. He was a student at...	1913	1998	English	12 symphonies; 7 Concerti; 4 works for Brass Band
Witold Lutosławski	1913	1994	Polish	Concerto for Orchestra; Musique funebre; Jeux vénitiens; Preludes and a Fugue; Symphony No. 2 and Symphony No. 3 Symphony No. 3 (Lutoslawski) Witold Lutosławski wrote his Symphony No. 3 in 1973-1983. The work was given its world premiere by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Sir Georg Solti, on 29th of September, 1983...	Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , folk-influenced, later Aleatoric music Aleatoric music Aleatoric music is music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer...
Maurice Ohana Maurice Ohana Maurice Ohana was an Anglo-French composer of Sephardic Jewish origin.Ohana was born in Casablanca, Morocco. He was a British citizen until 1976, as his father had been born in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. He originally studied architecture, but abandoned this in favour of a...	1913	1992	French
Willy Ostijn Willy Ostijn William Ostijn was a classical Belgian composer of the XXth century.- Biography :...	1913	1993	Belgian		neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Constantin Silvestri Constantin Silvestri -Early life:Silvestri, born of Austro-Italian-Romanian stock, was brought up on his own by his mother, his father dying from alcoholism and his stepfather dying when the boy was 16. He had learnt how to play the piano and organ before the age of 6. He played the piano in public at 10 and was a...	1913	1969	Romanian
Cecil Effinger Cecil Effinger Cecil Effinger was an American composer, oboist, and inventor.-Life:Effinger was born in Colorado Springs, Colorado, and resided in that state for most of his life...	1914	1990	American	Little Symphony No. 1; Four Pastorales for oboe and chorus	neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Irving Fine Irving Fine Irving Gifford Fine was an American composer. Fine's work assimilated neo-classical, romantic and, later, serial elements...	1914	1963	American		serial Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of...
Wilfrid Mellers Wilfrid Mellers Wilfrid Howard Mellers OBE was an English music critic, musicologist and composer.-Early life:Born in Leamington, Warwickshire, Mellers was educated at the local Leamington College and later won a scholarship to Downing College, Cambridge, where he read English. At Cambridge, he formed a...	1914	2008	English
Andrzej Panufnik Andrzej Panufnik Sir Andrzej Panufnik was a Polish composer, pianist, conductor and pedagogue. He became established as one of the leading Polish composers, and as a conductor he was instrumental in the re-establishment of the Warsaw Philharmonic orchestra after World War II...	1914	1991	Polish	10 symphonies
Harold Truscott Harold Truscott Harold Truscott was a British composer, pianist, broadcaster and writer on music. Largely neglected as a composer in his lifetime, he made an important contribution to the British piano repertoire and was influential in spreading knowledge of a wide range of mainly unfashionable music.- Life :Born...	1914	1992
David Diamond David Diamond (composer) David Leo Diamond was an American composer of classical music.-Life and career:He was born in Rochester, New York and studied at the Cleveland Institute of Music and the Eastman School of Music under Bernard Rogers, also receiving lessons from Roger Sessions in New York City and Nadia Boulanger in...	1915	2005	American	11 symphonies; 10 String Quartets and other Chamber works	neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Grigory Frid Grigory Frid Grigory Samuilovich Frid also Grigori Fried is a Russian composer of music written in many different genres, including chamber opera.Born in Petrograd, now St. Petersburg, Frid studied in the Moscow Conservatory with Heinrich Litinsky and Vissarion Shebalin. He was a soldier in the Second World War...	1915		Russian	The Diary of Anne Frank (opera) The Diary of Anne Frank (opera) The Diary of Anne Frank is a monodrama in 21 scenes for soprano and chamber orchestra. The music and libretto are by Grigory Frid, after the eponymous diary....
Vítězslava Kaprálová Vítezslava Kaprálová Vítězslava Kaprálová was a Czech composer and conductor. Among her teachers were some of the best European composers and conductors of the time - Bohuslav Martinů, Václav Talich, and Charles Münch.-Life:She was a daughter of composer Václav Kaprál...	1915	1940	Czech	Military Sinfonietta
Douglas Lilburn Douglas Lilburn Douglas Gordon Lilburn ONZ FRCM was a New Zealand composer.-Early life:Lilburn was born in Wanganui. He attended Waitaki Boys' High School from 1930 to 1933, before moving to Christchurch to study journalism and music at Canterbury University College...	1915	2001	New Zealander	3 symphonies; Aotearoa
Vincent Persichetti Vincent Persichetti Vincent Ludwig Persichetti was an American composer, teacher, and pianist. An important musical educator and writer, Persichetti was a native of Philadelphia...	1915	1987	American	Symphonies & band works; 25 Parables for solo instruments; vocal & chamber works	neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... ; noted teacher
John Serry, Sr. John Serry, Sr. John Serry, Sr. was an accomplished concert accordionist virtuoso, arranger, composer, organist and educator who performed on the CBS Radio and CBS Television networks...	1915	2003	American	American Rhapsody American Rhapsody American Rhapsody was written for the accordion by John Serry, Sr. in 1955 and subsequently transcribed for the free bass accordion in 1963 and for the piano in 2002... ; Concerto For Free Bass Accordion Concerto For Free Bass Accordion Concerto for Free Bass Accordion was written for the solo Free-bass system accordion by John Serry, Sr. in 1964 and was revised in 1966. A transcription for solo piano was completed in 1995 and revised in 2002... ; Processional For Organ	Classical music Classical music Classical music is the art music produced in, or rooted in, the traditions of Western liturgical and secular music, encompassing a broad period from roughly the 11th century to present times... , Jazz Jazz Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated music from 19th and 20th... , Popular music Popular music Popular music belongs to any of a number of musical genres "having wide appeal" and is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry. It stands in contrast to both art music and traditional music, which are typically disseminated academically or orally to smaller, local... , Liturgical music Liturgical music Liturgical music originated as a part of religious ceremony, and includes a number of traditions, both ancient and modern. Liturgical music is well known as a part of Catholic Mass, the Anglican Holy Communion service , the Lutheran Divine Service, the Orthodox liturgy and other Christian services...
Robert Strassburg Robert Strassburg Robert Strassburg was aleading American conductor, composer, musicologist and music educator of the twentieth century. His studies in music were completed under the supervision of such leading composers as Igor Stravinsky, Walter Piston and Paul Hindemith, with whom he studied at Tanglewood...	1915	2003	American	Lost; Chełm; Leaves of Grass	Opera Opera Opera is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance... , Classical music Classical music Classical music is the art music produced in, or rooted in, the traditions of Western liturgical and secular music, encompassing a broad period from roughly the 11th century to present times...  Liturgical music Liturgical music Liturgical music originated as a part of religious ceremony, and includes a number of traditions, both ancient and modern. Liturgical music is well known as a part of Catholic Mass, the Anglican Holy Communion service , the Lutheran Divine Service, the Orthodox liturgy and other Christian services... , Film score Film score A film score is original music written specifically to accompany a film, forming part of the film's soundtrack, which also usually includes dialogue and sound effects... s
Earl Wild Earl Wild Royland Earl Wild was an American pianist widely recognized as a leading virtuoso of his generation. Harold C. Schonberg called him a "super-virtuoso in the Horowitz class". He was known as well for his transcriptions of classical music and jazz...	1915	2010	American	Sonata 2000; Doo-Dah Variations; numerous piano transcriptions
Denis ApIvor Denis ApIvor Denis ApIvor was a British composer. He belonged to the generation of modernists that included Humphrey Searle and Elisabeth Lutyens....	1916	2004	British
Milton Babbitt Milton Babbitt Milton Byron Babbitt was an American composer, music theorist, and teacher. He is particularly noted for his serial and electronic music.-Biography:...	1916	2011	American	Composition for Four Instruments Composition for Four Instruments Composition for Four Instruments is an early serial music composition written by American composer Milton Babbitt. It is Babbitt’s first published ensemble work, following shortly after his Three Compositions for Piano . In both these pieces, Babbitt expands upon the methods of twelve-tone... ; six string quartets; Philomel	serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Henri Dutilleux Henri Dutilleux Henri Dutilleux is one of the most important French composers of the second half of the 20th century, producing work in the tradition of Maurice Ravel, Claude Debussy, and Albert Roussel, but in a style distinctly his own...	1916		French	2 symphonies; Timbres, espace, mouvement; Tout un Monde Lointain; The Shadows of Time	Neo-impressionism
Einar Englund	1916	1999	Finnish	Symphony No. 2
Alberto Ginastera Alberto Ginastera Alberto Evaristo Ginastera was an Argentine composer of classical music. He is considered one of the most important Latin American classical composers.- Biography :...	1916	1983	Argentine	Bomarzo; Cinco canciones populares argentinas Cinco canciones populares argentinas Cinco canciones populares argentinas are a set of five songs for voice and piano, comprising both entirely new compositions as well as new settings of existing melodies, written in 1943 by Argentine composer Alberto Ginastera as his opus 10. The five songs are as follows:*1. Chacarera*2. Triste*3.... ; Danzas Argentinas Danzas Argentinas The Danzas Argentinas are a piano composition by Alberto Ginastera, one of the leading Latin American composers of the 20th century. Written in 1937, they are set of three dances, and they encompass his Opus 2....
Richard Arnell Richard Arnell Richard Anthony Sayer Arnell was an English composer of classical music. Arnell composed in all the established genres for the concert stage, and his list of works includes six completed symphonies and six string quartets.-Biography:Arnell was born in Hampstead, London...	1917	2009	English	6 symphonies
Brian Boydell Brian Boydell Brian Boydell was an Irish composer whose works include orchestral pieces, chamber music, and songs. He was professor of music at Trinity College, Dublin for 20 years, founder of the Dowland Consort, conductor of the Dublin Orchestral Players, and a prolific broadcaster and writer on musical...	1917	2000	Irish
Rudolf Brucci Rudolf Brucci Rudolf Brucci , was a composer of Croatian and Italian origin, born in Zagreb. He was married to the famous Yugoslavian opera singer, Olga Brucci....	1917	2002	Italian-Croatian
Anthony Burgess Anthony Burgess John Burgess Wilson  – who published under the pen name Anthony Burgess – was an English author, poet, playwright, composer, linguist, translator and critic. The dystopian satire A Clockwork Orange is Burgess's most famous novel, though he dismissed it as one of his lesser works...	1917	1993	English
Ivor Darreg Ivor Darreg Ivor Darreg was a leading proponent of and composer of microtonal or "xenharmonic" music. He also created a series of experimental musical instruments.Darreg, a contemporary of Harry Partch and a close colleague of John H...	1917	1994	American		microtone, xenharmonic
Robert Erickson Robert Erickson Robert Erickson was an American composer.He studied with Ernst Krenek from 1936-1947: "I had already studied—and abandoned—the twelve tone system before most other Americans had taken it up." He influenced notable students Morton Subotnick, Pauline Oliveros, Terry Riley, and Paul Dresher...	1917	1997	American		twelve tone, extended technique Extended technique Extended techniques are performance techniques used in music to describe unconventional, unorthodox, or non-traditional techniques of singing, or of playing musical instruments to obtain unusual sounds or instrumental timbres....
John Gardner John Gardner (composer) John Linton Gardner, CBE is an English composer of classical music.-Biography:Gardner was born in Manchester, England and brought up in Ilfracombe, North Devon. His father Alfred Linton Gardner was a local GP and amateur composer who was killed in action in the last months of the First World War....	1917		English	3 symphonies; Tomorrow Shall Be My Dancing Day Tomorrow shall be my dancing day Tomorrow shall be my dancing day is an English carol usually attributed as 'traditional'; its first written appearance is in William B. Sandys' Christmas Carols Ancient and Modern of 1833...
Dinu Lipatti Dinu Lipatti Dinu Lipatti was a Romanian classical pianist and composer whose career was cut short by his death from Hodgkin's disease at age 33. He was elected posthumously to the Romanian Academy.-Biography:...	1917	1950	Romanian	Piano Works
Isang Yun Isang Yun Isang Yun was a Korean-German composer originally from Korea. According to his official publisher's Boosey & Hawkes biography of him, he was granted political asylum by West Germany, eventually becoming a naturalised German citizen, following his abduction and torture in 1967 by the South Korean...	1917	1995	Korean-German	5 symphonies; chamber music	Korean-influenced
Lou Harrison Lou Harrison Lou Silver Harrison was an American composer. He was a student of Henry Cowell, Arnold Schoenberg, and K. P. H. Notoprojo Lou Silver Harrison (May 14, 1917 – February 2, 2003) was an American composer. He was a student of Henry Cowell, Arnold Schoenberg, and K. P. H. Notoprojo Lou Silver Harrison...	1917	2003	American	Concerto for Violin and Percussion Orchestra; Piano Concerto; 4 symphonies; much gamelan Gamelan A gamelan is a musical ensemble from Indonesia, typically from the islands of Bali or Java, featuring a variety of instruments such as metallophones, xylophones, drums and gongs; bamboo flutes, bowed and plucked strings. Vocalists may also be included....  music	Asian-influences; varied tunings
Jürg Baur Jürg Baur Jürg Baur was a German composer of classical music.-Education:Baur was born in Düsseldorf, where he achieved early recognition as a composer at the age of 18, when his First String Quartet was premiered at the Düsseldorf Hindenburg Secondary School by the then-famous Prisca Quartet...	1918	2010	German	Concerto romano for oboe and orchestra; Der Roman mit dem Kontrabass (opera)	serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , quotation Musical quotation Musical quotation is the practice of directly quoting another work in a new composition. The quotation may be from the same composer's work , or from a different composer's work .... , neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Leonard Bernstein Leonard Bernstein Leonard Bernstein August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American conductor, composer, author, music lecturer and pianist. He was among the first conductors born and educated in the United States of America to receive worldwide acclaim...	1918	1990	American	West Side Story (musical); Chichester Psalms; Candide Candide Candide, ou l'Optimisme is a French satire first published in 1759 by Voltaire, a philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment. The novella has been widely translated, with English versions titled Candide: or, All for the Best ; Candide: or, The Optimist ; and Candide: or, Optimism... ; Serenade; Mass; 3 symphonies	jazz-influenced and pop-influence
Liviu Comes Liviu Comes Liviu Comes was a Romanian composer and musicologist.He studied music at the Municipal Music Conservatory in Târgu Mureş , later at the Cluj Music Conservatory...	1918	2004	Romanian	choral
Gottfried von Einem Gottfried von Einem Gottfried von Einem was an Austrian composer. He is known chiefly for his operas influenced by the music of Stravinsky and Prokofiev, as well as by jazz. He also composed pieces for piano, violin and organ.-Biography:...	1918	1996	Austrian	operas Dantons Tod Dantons Tod Dantons Tod is an opera by composer Gottfried von Einem to a libretto by Boris Blacher and Gottfried von Einem after Georg Büchner's 1835 play Danton's Death. Its first performance took place in Salzburg, August 6, 1947... , Der Besuch der alten Dame Der Besuch der alten Dame Der Besuch der alten Dame is an opera in three acts by Gottfried von Einem to a German libretto by Friedrich Dürrenmatt, based on his play of the same name.-Performance history:... , cantata An die Nachgeborenen	eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,...
Raymond Gallois-Montbrun Raymond Gallois-Montbrun Raymond Gallois-Montbrun was a French violinist and composer.He studied violin and composition at the Conservatoire de Paris, and won the Prix de Rome in 1944....	1918	1994	French
Gara Garayev Gara Garayev Gara Abulfaz oghlu Garayev , also spelled as Qara Qarayev or Kara [Abulfazovich] Karayev, was a prominent Azerbaijani composer of the Soviet period...	1918	1982	Azerbaijani
Marcelo Koc Marcelo Koc Marcelo Koc was an Argentinian composer.Koc studied at the Academy of Music in Łódź, Poland and in 1938 went to Buenos Aires where he continued his education with Jacobo Ficher, Guillermo Graetzer and Juan Carlos Paz...	1918	2006	Argentine	Música para 5 instrumentos; Concerto for Viola and Orchestra
George Rochberg George Rochberg George Rochberg was an American composer of contemporary classical music.-Life:Rochberg was born in Paterson, New Jersey. He attended the Mannes College of Music, where his teachers included George Szell and Hans Weisse, and the Curtis Institute of Music, where he studied with Rosario Scalero and...	1918	2005	American	6 symphonies; 7 string quartets	serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , later Neoromanticism Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and...
Bernd Alois Zimmermann Bernd Alois Zimmermann Bernd Alois Zimmermann was a post-WWII West German composer. He is perhaps best known for his opera Die Soldaten which is regarded as one of the most important operas of the 20th century...	1918	1970	German	Die Soldaten Die Soldaten Die Soldaten is a four act opera in German by German composer Bernd Alois Zimmermann, based on the 1776 play by Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz. It is dedicated to Hans Rosbaud. Zimmermann himself faithfully adapted the play into the libretto, the only changes to the text being repeats and small cuts... ; Musique pour les soupers du Roi Ubi; Tratto; Tempus loquendi	serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , musical quotation, collage Sound collage In music, montage or sound collage is a technique where sound objects or compositions, including songs, are created from collage, also known as montage, the use of portions of previous recordings or scores... , electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound... , jazz-influenced, eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,...
Bülent Arel Bülent Arel Bülent Arel was a Turkish-born composer of contemporary classical music and electronic music.He was born in Istanbul, and studied composition at the Ankara Conservatory and sound engineering in Paris...	1919	1990	Turkish		electronic music
Jacob Avshalomov Jacob Avshalomov Jacob Avshalomov is a Jewish American composer and conductor.-Early life and education:Jacob Avshalomov was born on March 28, 1919 in Tsingtao, China. His father was Aaron Avshalomov, the Siberian-born composer known for "oriental musical materials cast in western forms and media"; his mother was...	1919		American	orchestra works; choral works
Sven-Erik Bäck Sven-Erik Bäck Sven-Erik Bäck was a Swedish composer of classical music. He was born in Stockholm.Bäck studied from 1939 until 1943 in the King's Music-Academy and from 1940 until 1945, was a composition student of Hilding Rosenberg...	1919	1994	Swedish
Niels Viggo Bentzon Niels Viggo Bentzon Niels Viggo Bentzon was a Danish composer and pianist.Bentzon was descended from Johan Ernst Hartmann and the great-grandson of J.P.E. Hartmann. From 1938 to 1942, he studied at the Royal Danish Academy of Music in Copenhagen under Knud Jeppesen and Christian Christiansen...	1919	2000	Danish
John W. Duarte John W. Duarte John William Duarte was a British composer, guitarist and writer.Duarte was born in Sheffield, England, but lived in Manchester from the age of 6...	1919	2004	British
Leon Kirchner Leon Kirchner Leon Kirchner was an American composer of contemporary classical music. He was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and was awarded a Pulitzer Prize for his String Quartet No. 3.Kirchner was born in Brooklyn, New York...	1919	2009	American
Galina Ustvolskaya Galina Ustvolskaya Galina Ivanovna Ustvolskaya, also Ustwolskaja or Oustvolskaia was a Russian composer of classical music.-Early years:From 1937 to 1947 she studied at the college attached to the Leningrad Conservatory . She subsequently became a postgraduate student and taught composition at the college...	1919	2006	Russian
Mieczysław Weinberg	1919	1996	Polish	22 symphonies; 17 string quartets
Bebe Barron	1920	1989	American		electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Geoffrey Bush Geoffrey Bush Geoffrey Bush was a British composer, organist and scholar of 20th century English music.Geoffrey Bush was born in London, became a chorister at Salisbury Cathedral at the age of 8 and studied informally with the composer John Ireland...	1920	1998	English
Rolande Falcinelli Rolande Falcinelli Rolande Falcinelli was a French organist, pianist, composer, and pedagogue.-Biography:Rolande Falcinelli entered the Paris Conservatory in 1932, where her teachers were noted pianist and pedagogue Isidor Philipp and Abel Estyle , Marcel Samuel-Rousseau , Simone Plé Caussade , Henri Büsser , and...	1920	1996	French
Peter Racine Fricker Peter Racine Fricker Peter Racine Fricker was an English composer who lived in the United States for the last thirty years of his life....	1920	1990	English
Earl Kim Earl Kim Earl Kim was a Korean-American composer.Kim was born in Dinuba, California, to immigrant Korean parents. He began piano studies at age ten and soon developed an interest in composition, studying in Los Angeles and Berkeley with, among others, Arnold Schoenberg, Ernest Bloch, and Roger Sessions...	1920	1998	Korean-American
Bruno Maderna Bruno Maderna Bruno Maderna was an Italian conductor and composer. For the last ten years of his life he lived in Germany and eventually became a citizen of that country.-Biography:...	1920	1973	Italian	Satyricon Satyricon Satyricon is a Latin work of fiction in a mixture of prose and poetry. It is believed to have been written by Gaius Petronius, though the manuscript tradition identifies the author as a certain Titus Petronius... (opera)	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Harold Shapero Harold Shapero Harold Samuel Shapero is an American composer.-Early years:Born in Lynn, Massachusetts, Shapero and his family later moved to nearby Newton. He learned to play the piano as a child, and for some years was a pianist in dance orchestras. With a friend, he founded the Hal Kenny Orchestra, a swing-era...	1920		American	Symphony for Classical Orchestra
Malcolm Arnold Malcolm Arnold Sir Malcolm Henry Arnold, CBE was an English composer and symphonist.Malcolm Arnold began his career playing trumpet professionally, but by age thirty his life was devoted to composition. He was ranked with Benjamin Britten as one of the most sought-after composers in Britain...	1921	2006	English	Symphony No. 5 Symphony No. 5 (Arnold) The Symphony No. 5, Op. 74 by Malcolm Arnold was finished in 1961. It is in four movements:*Tempestuoso*Andante con moto - Adagio*Con fuoco*Risoluto - LentoThe work was commissioned by the Cheltenham Festival Society...  and No. 7 Symphony No. 7 (Arnold) The Symphony No. 7, Op. 113 by Malcolm Arnold was finished in 1973. It is in three movements:*Allegro energico *Andante con moto-molto vivace-lento *Allegro - Allegretto - Allegro - Allegretto - Allegro... ; English Dances
Chaya Arbel Chaya Arbel Chaya Arbel was an Israeli composer. She is one of Israel's best known female classical composers and the recipient of the ACUM Prize.-Biography:...	1921		Israeli
Arno Babajanian Arno Babajanian Arno Harutyuni Babajanian was a Soviet Armenian composer and pianist, People's Artist of the Armenian SSR and Soviet Union . He was a laureate of two Stalin State Prizes of the USSR and two Armenian SSR State Prizes ....	1921		Armenian
Jack Beeson Jack Beeson Jack Beeson was an American composer. He was known particularly for his operas, the best known of which are Lizzie Borden, Hello Out There! and The Sweet Bye and Bye.-Biography:...	1921	2010	American	Lizzie Borden Lizzie Borden (opera) Lizzie Borden is the best known opera by Jack Beeson. It is based on the real-life case of Lizzie Borden.It was written in 1965 and premiered on March 25, 1965 by the New York City Opera conducted by Anton Coppola. The English libretto is by Kenward Elmslie after a scenario by Richard Plant...
William Bergsma William Bergsma -Biography:After studying piano with his mother, a former opera singer, and then the viola, Bergsma moved on to study composition; his most significant teachers were Howard Hanson and Bernard Rogers. Bergsma attended Stanford University for two years before moving on to the Eastman School of...	1921	1994	American
Dennis Berry Dennis Berry Dennis Alfred Berry was an English musician, composer, arranger, and producer. His work has been used in filmmaking and television productions.- Early life :...	1921	1994	English
Marcel Bitsch Marcel Bitsch Marcel Bitsch was a French composer, teacher and analyst. He studied at the Conservatoire de Paris and also was professor of counterpoint there. In his latter years he concentrated on teaching and analysing the music of J. S...	1921		French
Jeanne Demessieux Jeanne Demessieux Jeanne Marie-Madeleine Demessieux , was a French organist, pianist, composer, and pedagogue.-Biography:...	1921	1968	French
Ruth Gipps Ruth Gipps Ruth Gipps was a British composer, oboist and pianist.-Biography:Ruth Gipps was born in Bexhill-on-Sea, England in 1921. She was something of a child prodigy, winning performance competitions in which she was considerably younger than the rest of the field -- and female, to boot...	1921	1999	British
Karel Husa Karel Husa Karel Husa is a Czech-born classical composer and conductor, winner of the 1969 Pulitzer Prize and 1993 University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Music Composition...	1921		Czech-American	Music for Prague 1968 Music for Prague 1968 Music for Prague 1968 is a programmatic work written by Czech-born composer Karel Husa for symphonic band and later transcribed for full orchestra, written shortly after the crushing of the Prague Spring reform movement in Czechoslovakia in 1968. Karel Husa was sitting on the dock at his cottage in... ; Music for Band, Orchestra, Chamber Ensembles
Andrew Imbrie Andrew Imbrie Andrew Welsh Imbrie was an American composer of contemporary classical music.-Career:Imbrie was born in New York on April 6, 1921, and began his musical training as a pianist when he was 4. In 1937, he went to Paris to study briefly with Nadia Boulanger...	1921	2007	American		neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Božidar Kantušer Božidar Kantušer Božidar Kantušer was an American and Slovene composer....	1921	1999	American/Slovenian
Joonas Kokkonen Joonas Kokkonen Joonas Kokkonen was a Finnish composer. He was one of the most internationally famous Finnish composers of the 20th century after Sibelius; his opera The Last Temptations has received over 500 performances worldwide, and is considered by many to be Finland's most distinguished national opera.-...	1921	1996	Finnish
Ástor Piazzolla Ástor Piazzolla Ástor Pantaleón Piazzolla was an Argentine tango composer and bandoneón player. His oeuvre revolutionized the traditional tango into a new style termed nuevo tango, incorporating elements from jazz and classical music...	1921	1992	Argentine	tangos
Ralph Shapey Ralph Shapey Ralph Shapey was an American composer and conductor. He is well-known for his work as a composition professor at the University of Chicago, where he founded and directed the Contemporary Chamber Players...	1921	2002	American
Robert Simpson Robert Simpson (composer) Robert Simpson was an English composer and long-serving BBC producer and broadcaster.He is best known for his orchestral and chamber music , and for his writings on the music of Beethoven, Bruckner, Nielsen and Sibelius. He studied composition under Herbert Howells...	1921	1997	English	11 symphonies; 15 string quartets
Rosalina Abejo Rosalina Abejo Rosalina Abejo was born in Tagoloan in Misamis Oriental in the Philippines, and died in Fresno, California. She was a composer and conductor, and a nun of the Order of the Virgin Mary...	1922	1991
Doreen Carwithen Doreen Carwithen Doreen Mary Carwithen was a British composer of classical and film music. She was also known as Mary Alwyn.-Biography:...	1922	2003	British
Raffaello de Banfield Raffaello de Banfield Raffaello de Banfield , correctly Raphael Douglas, Baron von Banfield Tripcovich, was a British-born composer.- Family :...	1922	2008	English
Lukas Foss Lukas Foss Lukas Foss was a German-born American composer, conductor, and pianist.-Music career:He was born Lukas Fuchs in Berlin, Germany in 1922. His father was the philosopher and scholar Martin Fuchs...	1922	2009	German-born American	Griffelkin Griffelkin Griffelkin is an opera by Lukas Foss with a libretto by Alastair Reid. The opera was first performed on November 6, 1955, in a nationwide telecast by the NBC Opera Theatre.-Background:...
Iain Hamilton Iain Hamilton (composer) Iain Ellis Hamilton was a Scottish composer.He was educated in London where he became an apprentice engineer, and remained in that profession for the next seven years. He undertook the study of music in his spare time...	1922	2000	Scottish	Chamber & Orchestral works; operas & vocal works
David N. Johnson David N. Johnson David N. Johnson was an American organist, composer, educator, choral clinician, and lecturer....	1922	1987	American
Kazimierz Serocki Kazimierz Serocki Kazimierz Serocki was a Polish composer and one of the founders of the Warsaw Autumn contemporary music festival.-Life:...	1922	1981	Polish
Iannis Xenakis Iannis Xenakis Iannis Xenakis was a Romanian-born Greek ethnic, naturalized French composer, music theorist, and architect-engineer. He is commonly recognized as one of the most important post-war avant-garde composers...	1922	2001	Greek	Metastasis	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , Stochastic Stochastic Stochastic refers to systems whose behaviour is intrinsically non-deterministic. A stochastic process is one whose behavior is non-deterministic, in that a system's subsequent state is determined both by the process's predictable actions and by a random element. However, according to M. Kac and E...
Doris Akers Doris Akers Doris Mae Akers was an American Gospel music composer, arranger and singer. Known for her work with the Sky Pilot Choir, she was inducted into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame in 2001.-Early life:...	1923	1995	African-American
Leslie Bassett Leslie Bassett Leslie Bassett is an American composer of classical music, and the University of Michigan’s Albert A. Stanley Distinguished University Professor Emeritus of Composition...	1923		American
Chou Wen-chung Chou Wen-chung Chou Wen-chung , Shandong, China) is a Chinese American composer of contemporary classical music. He emigrated in 1946 to the United States where he lives.-Life:...	1923		Chinese/American	Landscapes
Madeleine Dring Madeleine Dring Madeleine Winefride Isabelle Dring was an English composer and actress.-Life:Madeleine Dring was born into a musical family. Growing up in Raleigh Road, Harringay, she showed talent at an early age and took lessons in the junior division of the Royal College of Music beginning on her tenth birthday...	1923	1977	English
Karel Goeyvaerts Karel Goeyvaerts Karel Goeyvaerts was a Belgian composer.-Life:After studies at the Royal Flemish Music Conservatory in Antwerp, Goeyvaerts studied composition in Paris with Darius Milhaud and analysis with Olivier Messiaen...	1923	1993	Belgian	Sonata for Two Pianos Sonata for Two Pianos (Goeyvaerts) Sonata for Two Pianos , also called simply Opus 1 or Nummer 1, is a chamber-music work by Belgian composer Karel Goeyvaerts, and a seminal work in the early history of European serialism.-History:... , Nr. 2 for thirteen instruments Nummer 2 Nummer 2 for thirteen instruments is a composition written in 1951 by the Belgian composer Karel Goeyvaerts.... , Nr. 5 met zuivere tonen Nummer 5 Nummer 5 met zuivere tonen is a musical work by the Belgian composer Karel Goeyvaerts, realized in 1953 and one of the earliest pieces of electronic music.-History:... , Aquarius Aquarius (opera) Aquarius is an opera for eight sopranos, eight baritones, and orchestra by Karel Goeyvaerts It was begun in 1983 and completed in April 1992, to a libretto by the composer in eight languages, incorporating lines from the Revelation of St... (opera)	neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , minimalism Minimalist music Minimal music is a style of music associated with the work of American composers La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Philip Glass. It originated in the New York Downtown scene of the 1960s and was initially viewed as a form of experimental music called the New York Hypnotic School.... , postminimalism, mysticism Mysticism Mysticism is the knowledge of, and especially the personal experience of, states of consciousness, i.e. levels of being, beyond normal human perception, including experience and even communion with a supreme being.-Classical origins:... , electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
György Ligeti György Ligeti György Sándor Ligeti was a composer of contemporary classical music. Born in a Hungarian Jewish family in Transylvania, Romania, he briefly lived in Hungary before becoming an Austrian citizen.-Early life:...	1923	2006	Hungarian	Atmosphères Atmosphères Atmosphères is a piece for full orchestra, composed by György Ligeti in 1961. It is noted for eschewing conventional melody and metre in favor of dense sound textures... , Musica ricercata Musica ricercata Musica ricercata is a set of eleven pieces for piano by György Ligeti. The work was composed from 1951 to 1953, shortly after the composer began lecturing at the Budapest Academy of Music. The work premiered on November 18, 1969 in Sundsvall, Sweden... , Lux Aeterna	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , micropolyphony Micropolyphony Micropolyphony is a type of 20th century musical texture involving the use of sustained dissonant chords that shift slowly over time. According to David Cope, "a simultaneity of different lines, rhythms, and timbres"...
Peter Mennin Peter Mennin Peter Mennin was an American composer and teacher. He directed the Peabody Conservatory in Baltimore, then for many years ran the Juilliard School, succeeding William Schuman in this role...	1923	1983	American	9 symphonies
Ned Rorem Ned Rorem Ned Rorem is a Pulitzer prize-winning American composer and diarist. He is best known and most praised for his song settings.-Life:...	1923		American	Our Town Our Town (opera) Our Town is a three-act opera by composer Ned Rorem and librettist J. D. McClatchy. It is the first opera to be adapted from the Thorton Wilder play of the same name... (opera); Air Music; 3 numbered symphonies; over 400 songs
Simeon ten Holt Simeon ten Holt Simeon ten Holt is a Dutch composer. Ten Holt studied with Jakob van Domselaer, eventually developing a highly personal style of minimal composition...	1923		Dutch	Canto Ostinato	minimalism
Jiří Hudec Jiří Hudec (composer) Jiří Hudec was a Czech composer, conductor, arranger and organist.-Life:Hudec studied organ at the State Conservatory in Brno, under F. Michálek. In addition, he studied composing with Vilém Petrželka and conducting with Antonín Balatka. From 1944 to 1946, he also studied the piano privately under...	1923	1996	Czech
Stephen Dodgson Stephen Dodgson Stephen Dodgson is a British composer and broadcaster.- Biography :During World War II, he served in the Royal Navy. From 1947 to 1949, Dodgson studied at the Royal College of Music, where he later taught composition. In 1950, he visited Italy on a travelling scholarship, after which he taught in...	1924		British
Heimo Erbse Heimo Erbse Heimo Erbse was a German composer from Rudolstadt.Erbse studied in Weimar, and then worked from 1947-1950 in the theater before studying under Blacher in 1950. He lived most of his life in Austria.- Works :...	1924	2005	German
Arthur Frackenpohl Arthur Frackenpohl Arthur Frackenpohl is an American composer and Professor Emeritus at the Crane School of Music at the State University of New York at Potsdam....	1924		American
Benjamin Lees Benjamin Lees Benjamin Lees was a contemporary U.S. composer of Art music, born in Harbin, China, raised in San Francisco and lived in Palm Springs, California.-Early life:...	1924	2010	American	Concerto for String Quartet and Orchestra
Luigi Nono Luigi Nono Luigi Nono was an Italian avant-garde composer of classical music and remains one of the most prominent composers of the 20th century.- Early years :Born in Venice, he was a member of a wealthy artistic family, and his grandfather was a notable painter...	1924	1990	Italian		Avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
Joly Braga Santos Joly Braga Santos José Manuel Joly Braga Santos, ComSE was a Portuguese composer and conductor, who was born and died in Lisbon. He wrote six symphonies.-Biography:...	1924	1988	Portuguese	6 symphonies
Jurriaan Andriessen Jurriaan Andriessen Jurriaan Hendrik Andriessen was a Dutch composer, whose father, Hendrik, brother Louis, and uncle Willem have also been notable composers...	1925	1996	Dutch
Louis Barron	1925	2008	American		electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Robert Beadell Robert Beadell -Life:After military service as a bandsman with the United States Marines during the Second World War, Beadell enrolled in the music program at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, where his clarinet teacher, Dominick DiCaprio, encouraged him to study composition...	1925	1994	American
Cathy Berberian Cathy Berberian Catherine Anahid Berberian was an American soprano and composer. She interpreted contemporary avant-garde music composed, among others, by Luciano Berio, Bruno Maderna, John Cage, Henri Pousseur, Sylvano Bussotti, Darius Milhaud, Roman Haubenstock-Ramati , Igor Stravinsky.She also interpreted...	1925	1983	American	Stripsody (vocal)	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
Luciano Berio Luciano Berio Luciano Berio, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI was an Italian composer. He is noted for his experimental work and also for his pioneering work in electronic music.-Biography:Berio was born at Oneglia Luciano Berio, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI (October 24, 1925 – May 27, 2003) was an Italian...	1925	2003	Italian	Sequenza; Sinfonia Sinfonia (Berio) Sinfonia is a composition by the Italian composer Luciano Berio which was commissioned by the New York Philharmonic for its 125th anniversary...	Avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
Pierre Boulez Pierre Boulez Pierre Boulez is a French composer of contemporary classical music, a pianist, and a conductor.-Early years:Boulez was born in Montbrison, Loire, France. As a child he began piano lessons and demonstrated aptitude in both music and mathematics...	1925		French	Le marteau sans maître Le marteau sans maître Le marteau sans maître is a composition by the French composer Pierre Boulez. It is a setting of the surrealist poetry of René Char for alto and six instrumentalists. It was first performed in 1955.-Movements:... ; …explosante-fixe… …explosante-fixe… …explosante-fixe… is a piece of music composed by Pierre Boulez. Initially conceived in 1971 as a memorial for Igor Stravinsky, who died in April of that year, Boulez composed several different versions of the work between 1972 and 1993, culminating in a piece for solo MIDI-flute and chamber... ; Répons Répons Répons is a composition by French composer Pierre Boulez for a large chamber orchestra with 6 soloists and live electronics. It was premiered on the 18th of October in 1981 at the Donaueschingen Festival and subsequently expanded until its completion in 1984.Répons was the first significant work to...	Avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , aleatory Aleatoric music Aleatoric music is music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer...
Aldo Clementi Aldo Clementi -Life:Aldo Clementi was born in Catania, Italy. He studied the piano, graduating in 1946. His studies in composition began in 1941, and his teachers included Alfredo Sangiorgi and Goffredo Petrassi. After receiving his diploma in 1954, he attended the Darmstadt summer courses from 1955 to 1962...	1925	2011	Italian
Tristram Cary Tristram Cary Tristram Ogilvie Cary, OAM was a pioneering English-Australian composer.-Early life:Cary was born in Oxford, England, and educated at the Dragon School in Oxford and Westminster School in London. He was the son of a pianist and the novelist, Joyce Cary, author of Mister Johnson...	1925	2008	English-Australian
Andrei Eshpai Andrei Eshpai Andrei Yakovlevich Eshpai is an ethnic Mari composer.Eshpai was born at Kozmodemyansk, Mari El. A Red Army World War II veteran, he studied piano at Moscow Conservatory from 1948 to 1953 under Vladimir Sofronitsky, and composition under Nikolai Rakov, Nikolai Myaskovsky and Evgeny Golubev...	1925		Russian
Jindřich Feld Jindrich Feld Jindřich Feld was a Czech composer of classical music.-Biography:Feld was born into a musical family, his father a well-known professor of violin at the Prague Conservatory which followed the tradition of Otakar Ševčík, the master of Jan Kubelík. His mother was a violinist...	1925	2007	Czech
Teo Macero Teo Macero Teo Macero , born Attilio Joseph Macero, was an American jazz saxophonist, composer, and record producer...	1925	2008	American	One and Three Quarters	microtonal Microtonal music Microtonal music is music using microtones—intervals of less than an equally spaced semitone. Microtonal music can also refer to music which uses intervals not found in the Western system of 12 equal intervals to the octave.-Terminology:... , jazz-influenced
Julián Orbón Julián Orbón Julián Orbón was a Spanish composer. He lived in Cuba from 1940 to 1960, moving to Mexico...	1925	1991	Spanish/Cuban	Three Symphonic Versions
Gunther Schuller Gunther Schuller Gunther Schuller is an American composer, conductor, horn player, author, historian, and jazz musician.- Biography and works :...	1925		American		jazz-influence; Third Stream Third stream Third Stream is a term coined in 1957 by composer Gunther Schuller, within a lecture at Brandeis University, to describe a musical genre which is a synthesis of classical music and jazz...
Boris Tchaikovsky Boris Tchaikovsky Boris Alexandrovich Tchaikovsky was a Soviet composer, born in Moscow, whose oeuvre includes orchestral works, chamber music and film music. He is considered as part of the second generation of Russian composers, following in the steps of Pyotr Tchaikovsky and especially Mussorgsky.He was admired...	1925	1996	Russian	4 symphonies
Mikis Theodorakis Mikis Theodorakis Mikis Theodorakis is one of the most renowned Greek songwriters and composers. Internationally, he is probably best known for his songs and for his scores for the films Zorba the Greek , Z , and Serpico .Politically, he identified with the left until the late 1980s; in 1989, he ran as an...	1925		Greek	Film scores including Zorba the Greek Zorba the Greek Zorba the Greek is a 1964 film based on the novel Zorba the Greek by Nikos Kazantzakis. The film was directed by Cypriot Michael Cacoyannis and the title character was played by Anthony Quinn...
Earle Brown Earle Brown Earle Brown was an American composer who established his own formal and notational systems...	1926	2002	American		Open Form; Graphic Notation
Edwin Carr Edwin Carr (composer) Edwin Carr was a composer of classical music from New Zealand.-Biography:Edwin Carr was born in Auckland and was educated at Otago Boys' High School from 1940 to 1943. He studied music at Otago University from 1944-5 and Auckland University College from 1946, then left with his degree unfinished...	1926	2003	New Zealander
Jani Christou Jani Christou Jani Christou was a Greek composer.He was born in Heliopolis, Egypt, of Greek parents. He was educated at the English School in Alexandria and he took his first piano lessons from various teachers and from the important Greek pianist Gina Bachauer...	1926	1970	Greek		atonalism, meta-serialism, improvisation
Barney Childs Barney Childs Barney Childs was an American composer and teacher.Born in Spokane, Washington, he taught and composed avant-garde music and literature at universities in the United States and United Kingdom.-Music:...	1926	2000	American		extended technique, improvisation, indeterminacy
Morton Feldman Morton Feldman Morton Feldman was an American composer, born in New York City.A major figure in 20th century music, Feldman was a pioneer of indeterminate music, a development associated with the experimental New York School of composers also including John Cage, Christian Wolff, and Earle Brown...	1926	1987	American
Carlisle Floyd Carlisle Floyd Carlisle Floyd is an American opera composer. The son of a Methodist minister, he based many of his works on themes from the South...	1926		American	Susannah Susannah Susannah is an opera in two acts by American composer Carlisle Floyd, who wrote the libretto and music while a member of the piano faculty at Florida State University. Floyd adapted the story from the Apocryphal tale of Susannah and the Elders, though the latter story has a more positive ending... ; Wuthering Heights Wuthering Heights (opera) Wuthering Heights is an opera in a prologue and three acts with music and a libretto by Carlisle Floyd. The work is adapted from Emily Brontë's novel of the same name. The opera premiered at the Santa Fe Opera on July 16, 1958 in a production directed by Irving Guttman... ; Of Mice and Men Of Mice and Men (opera) Of Mice and Men is an opera in three acts by the American composer Carlisle Floyd. The English libretto was written by Floyd and is based on the novella of the same name by John Steinbeck. The opera was composed in 1969.- History :...
Kenneth Gaburo Kenneth Gaburo -Life:Gaburo was born in Somerville, New Jersey. He served as a professor of music at the University of Illinois, the University of California, San Diego, and the University of Iowa. His notable students include James Tenney and Allen Strange...	1926	1993	American	The Flow of (u) The Flow of (u) The Flow of is a piece of music for three voices by Kenneth Gaburo, composed in 1974.The piece consists of "one note sung by three singers for twenty-three minutes" on u whose goal is "to sing in tune to such an extant that … this would consist of phase-coherent waves of sound." This, however,...
Hans Werner Henze Hans Werner Henze Hans Werner Henze is a German composer of prodigious output best known for "his consistent cultivation of music for the theatre throughout his life"...	1926		German	Ondine (ballet); 10 symphonies; 3 violin concertos
Lee Hoiby Lee Hoiby Lee Henry Hoiby was an American composer and classical pianist. Best known as a composer of operas and songs, he was a disciple of composer Gian Carlo Menotti. Like Menotti, his works championed lyricism during a time when such compositions were deemed old fashioned and irrelevant to modern society...	1926		American	Vocal music, operas, songs
György Kurtág György Kurtág György Kurtág is a Hungarian composer of contemporary music.- Biography :György Kurtág was born in Lugoj in the Banat region, Romania.In 1946, he began his studies at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music in Budapest, where he met his wife, Márta, and also György Ligeti, who became a close friend...	1926		Hungarian	Játékok Játékok Játékok is a collection of pedagogical performance pieces for piano , composed by György Kurtág since 1973, 8 Volumes as of 2010.-Concept:...
John Beckwith John Beckwith (composer) John Beckwith, CM is a Canadian composer, writer, pianist, teacher, and administrator.Born in Victoria, British Columbia, he studied piano with Alberto Guerrero at the Toronto Conservatory of Music in 1945. He received a Mus.B. in 1947 and a Mus.M. in 1961 from the University of Toronto...	1927		Canadian
Asger Lund Christiansen Asger Lund Christiansen Asger Lund Christiansen was a Danish cellist and composer.He trained at the Royal Danish Academy of Music, graduating in 1946. Alongside Bløndal Erling Bengtsson, he was his generation's most recognized Danish cellist...	1927	1998	Danish		neoclassicism
Dolores Claman Dolores Claman Dolores Claman is a Canadian composer and pianist. She is best known for composing the theme song, known simply as The Hockey Theme, for Hockey Night in Canada, a song often regarded as Canada's second national anthem, which she composed in 1968, and for "A Place to Stand", the popular tune that...	1927		Canadian
Emma Lou Diemer Emma Lou Diemer Emma Lou Diemer is an American composer. Diemer has written many works for orchestra, chamber ensemble, keyboard, voice, chorus , and electronic media...	1927		American
Franco Donatoni Franco Donatoni Franco Donatoni was an Italian composer.Born in Verona, he started studying violin at the age of seven, and frequented the local Music Academy...	1927	2000	Italian
Donald Erb Donald Erb Donald Erb was an American composer best known for large orchestral works such as Concerto for Brass and Orchestra and Ritual Observances.-Early years:...	1927	2008	American	Concerto for Trombone and Orchestra; Concerto for Violin and Orchestra	jazz Jazz Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated music from 19th and 20th... -influenced, aleatory Aleatoric music Aleatoric music is music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer... , electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound... , eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,...
John Joubert John Joubert (composer) John Joubert is a British composer of South African descent, particularly of choral works. He has lived in Moseley, a suburb of Birmingham, England, for over 40 years. A music academic at the universities of Hull and Birmingham for 36 years, Joubert took early retirement in 1986 to concentrate on...	1927		English
Wilhelm Killmayer Wilhelm Killmayer Wilhelm Killmayer is a German composer of classical music and an academic.-Professional career:Wilhelm Killmayer studied conducting and composition from 1945 to 1951 in Munich at Hermann Wolfgang von Waltershausen’s Musikseminar...	1927		German	Sinfonia I–III, Hölderlin Friedrich Hölderlin Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin was a major German lyric poet, commonly associated with the artistic movement known as Romanticism. Hölderlin was also an important thinker in the development of German Idealism, particularly his early association with and philosophical influence on his...  Lieder, piano concerto
Ruth Anderson	1928		American
Samuel Adler Samuel Adler (composer) Samuel Hans Adler is an American composer and conductor.-Biography:Adler was born to a Jewish family in Mannheim, Germany, the son of Hugo Chaim Adler, a cantor and composer, and Selma Adler. The family fled to the United States in 1939, where Hugo became the cantor of Temple Emanuel in...	1928		American (German-born)
Tadeusz Baird Tadeusz Baird Tadeusz Baird was a Polish composer.He was born in Grodzisk Mazowiecki, to Scottish immigrant parents. He studied composition, piano and musicology in Warsaw with, among others, Kazimierz Sikorski. In 1956, with Serocki, he founded the Warsaw Autumn international contemporary music festival...	1928	1981	Polish
Jean Barraqué Jean Barraqué Jean-Henri-Alphonse Barraqué was a French composer and writer on music who developed an individual form of serialism which is displayed in a small output of highly complex but passionate works.-Life:...	1928	1973	French		serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of...
George Dreyfus George Dreyfus George Dreyfus AM is an Australian contemporary classical, film and television composer.-Life:The Dreyfus family moved in 1935 to Berlin to enable a better education for their two sons...	1928		French		film score Film score A film score is original music written specifically to accompany a film, forming part of the film's soundtrack, which also usually includes dialogue and sound effects...
Jacob Druckman Jacob Druckman Jacob Druckman was an American composer born in Philadelphia. A graduate of the Juilliard School, Druckman studied with Vincent Persichetti, Peter Mennin, and Bernard Wagenaar. In 1949 and 1950 he studied with Aaron Copland at Tanglewood and later continued his studies at the École Normale de...	1928	1996	American	Windows and other orchestral works; String Quartet #3
David Farquhar David Farquhar (composer) David Andress Farquhar was born in Cambridge, New Zealand in 1928 but spent most of his early years in Fiji.He was educated in New Zealand and began his university studies in Christchurch before completing his degree at Victoria University of Wellington where he studied with Douglas Lilburn...	1928	2007	New Zealander	A Unicorn for Christmas, Ring Round the Moon	Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Nicolas Flagello Nicolas Flagello Nicolas Flagello , was an American composer of classical music.Flagello was born in New York City, into a very musical family. His brother Ezio Flagello was a bass who sang at the Metropolitan Opera. One of his first music teachers was the composer Vittorio Giannini, and he then studied at the...	1928	1994	American		Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint...
Otar Gordeli Otar Gordeli Otar Gordeli was a composer in the country of Georgia.Gordeli was born in Tbilisi, Georgia. He was educated at the Tbilisi State Conservatory.- Works :* Piano Quintet...	1928	1994	Georgia
Robert Helps Robert Helps Robert Helps was an American pianist and composer....	1928	2001	American
Frigyes Hidas Frigyes Hidas Frigyes Hidas was a Hungarian composer.Hidas studied composition at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music in Budapest with János Visky...	1928	2007	Hungarian
Ennio Morricone Ennio Morricone Ennio Morricone, Grand Officer OMRI, , is an Italian composer and conductor, who wrote music to more than 500 motion pictures and television series, in a career lasting over 50 years. His scores have been included in over 20 award-winning films as well as several symphonic and choral pieces...	1928		Italian	Once Upon a Time in America Once Upon a Time in America Once Upon a Time in America is a 1984 Italian epic crime film co-written and directed by Sergio Leone and starring Robert De Niro and James Woods. The story chronicles the lives of Jewish ghetto youths who rise to prominence in New York City's world of organized crime... ; The Mission; The Good, the Bad and the Ugly The Good, the Bad and the Ugly The Good, the Bad and the Ugly is a 1966 Italian epic spaghetti western film directed by Sergio Leone, starring Clint Eastwood, Lee Van Cleef, and Eli Wallach in the title roles. The screenplay was written by Age & Scarpelli, Luciano Vincenzoni and Leone, based on a story by Vincenzoni and Leone... ; A Fistful of Dollars A Fistful of Dollars A Fistful of Dollars is a 1964 Italian Spaghetti Western film directed by Sergio Leone and starring Clint Eastwood alongside Gian Maria Volonté, Marianne Koch, Wolfgang Lukschy, Sieghardt Rupp, José Calvo, Antonio Prieto, and Joseph Egger. Released in Italy in 1964 then in the United States in... ; Once Upon a Time in the West Once Upon a Time in the West Once Upon a Time in the West is a 1968 Italian epic spaghetti western film directed by Sergio Leone for Paramount Pictures. It stars Henry Fonda cast against type as the villain, Charles Bronson as his nemesis, Jason Robards as a bandit, and Claudia Cardinale as a newly widowed homesteader with a...	film score Film score A film score is original music written specifically to accompany a film, forming part of the film's soundtrack, which also usually includes dialogue and sound effects...
Thea Musgrave Thea Musgrave Thea Musgrave CBE is a Scottish composer of opera and classical music.-Biography:Born in Barnton, Edinburgh, Thea Musgrave studied at the University of Edinburgh and in Paris as a pupil of Nadia Boulanger...	1928		Scottish
Einojuhani Rautavaara Einojuhani Rautavaara Einojuhani Rautavaara is a Finnish composer of contemporary classical music, and is one of the most notable Finnish composers after Jean Sibelius.-Life:...	1928		Finnish	Cantus Arcticus Cantus Arcticus Cantus Arcticus, Op. 61, is an orchestral composition by the Finnish composer Einojuhani Rautavaara. It was written in 1972, and is probably his best-known work.... ; Symphony No. 7 "Angel of Light" Symphony No. 7 (Rautavaara) Finnish composer Einojuhani Rautavaara wrote his Symphony No. 7, subtitled Angel of Light, in 1994. It belongs to his Angel Series, inspired by childhood dreams and revelations. The symphony has won wide popularity for its deep spirituality. The premiere recording by Segerstam has won a Grammy... ; Piano Concerto No. 3 "The Gift of Dreams" Piano Concerto No. 3 (Rautavaara) Einojuhani Rautavaara wrote his Piano Concerto No. 3 in 1998, nine years after his previous concerto.The work was commissioned by eminent conductor/pianist Vladimir Ashkenazy as a concerto which could be conducted from behind the piano, with Ashkenazy serving as soloist and conductor simultaneously...	Mysticism Mysticism Mysticism is the knowledge of, and especially the personal experience of, states of consciousness, i.e. levels of being, beyond normal human perception, including experience and even communion with a supreme being.-Classical origins:...
Karlheinz Stockhausen Karlheinz Stockhausen Karlheinz Stockhausen was a German composer, widely acknowledged by critics as one of the most important but also controversial composers of the 20th and early 21st centuries. Another critic calls him "one of the great visionaries of 20th-century music"...	1928	2007	German	Kontra-Punkte; Gesang der Jünglinge Gesang der Jünglinge Gesang der Jünglinge is a noted electronic music work by Karlheinz Stockhausen. It was realized in 1955–56 at the Westdeutscher Rundfunk studio in Cologne and is Work Number 8 in the composer's catalog of works... ; Klavierstücke Klavierstücke (Stockhausen) The Klavierstücke constitute a series of nineteen compositions by German composer Karlheinz Stockhausen.Stockhausen has said the Klavierstücke "are my drawings"... ; Gruppen; Kontakte; Hymnen Hymnen Hymnen is an electronic and concrete work, with optional live performers, by Karlheinz Stockhausen, composed in 1966–67, and elaborated in 1969. In the composer's catalog of works, it is "Nr. 22".-Musical form and content:... ; Stimmung Stimmung Stimmung, for six vocalists and six microphones, is a piece by Karlheinz Stockhausen, written in 1968 and commissioned by the City of Cologne for the Collegium Vocale Köln. Its average length is seventy-four minutes, and it bears the work number 24 in the composer's catalog... ; Mantra Mantra (Stockhausen) Mantra is a composition by the German composer Karlheinz Stockhausen. It was composed in 1970 and premiered in autumn of the same year in Donaueschingen... ; Tierkreis Tierkreis (Stockhausen) Tierkreis is a musical composition by the German composer Karlheinz Stockhausen. The title is the German word for Zodiac, and the composition consists of twelve melodies, each representing one sign of the zodiac.-History:... ; Inori Inori Inori: Adorations for One or Two Soloists with Orchestra is a composition by Karlheinz Stockhausen, written in 1973–74 .... , Licht Licht Licht , subtitled "The Seven Days of the Week," is a cycle of seven operas composed by Karlheinz Stockhausen between 1977 and 2003. In total, the cycle contains over 29 hours of music.-Origin:... , Klang Klang (Stockhausen) Klang —Die 24 Stunden des Tages is a cycle of compositions by Karlheinz Stockhausen, on which he worked from 2004 until his death in 2007. It was intended to consist of 24 chamber-music compositions, each representing one hour of the day, with a different colour systematically assigned to every hour...	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound... , serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , aleatory Aleatoric music Aleatoric music is music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer... , world music World music World music is a term with widely varying definitions, often encompassing music which is primarily identified as another genre. This is evidenced by world music definitions such as "all of the music in the world" or "somebody else's local music"... , intuitive music Intuitive music Intuitive music is a form of musical improvisation based on instant creation in which fixed principles or rules may or may not have been given. It is a type of process music where instead of a traditional music score, verbal or graphic instructions and ideas are provided to the performers... , formula composition Formula composition Formula composition is a serially-derived technique encountered principally in the music of Karlheinz Stockhausen, involving the projection, expansion, and Ausmultiplikation of either a single melody-formula, or a two- or three-voice contrapuntal construction .In contrast to serial music, where the... , opera Opera Opera is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance...
Erling Bjerno Erling Bjerno Erling D. Bjerno is a Danish composer and organist. He trained as an organist and was for years 1967 - 1996 employed by Ansgar Church in Aalborg. During the same period he was employed as a teacher at Nordjysk Music....	1929		Danish
Augustyn Bloch Augustyn Bloch Augustyn Bloch was a Polish composer and organist, student of Feliks Rączkowski and Tadeusz Szeligowski...	1929	2006	Polish
Antonio Braga Antonio Braga Antonio Braga was an Italian classical composer. Born in Naples, he wrote ballets, concerto, ouvertures, symphonies and three operas.-Ballets:*Les Abeilles a Naples *C’è un albero a New York...	1929	2009	Italian
Theo Bruins Theo Bruins Theo Bruins was a Dutch pianist and composer.Bruins' earliest piano lessons were with his mother. His professional piano studies commenced in 1946 with Jaap Spaanderman at the Conservatoire of the Amsterdam Muzieklyceum Foundation...	1929	1993	Dutch
George Crumb George Crumb George Crumb is an American composer of contemporary classical music. He is noted as an explorer of unusual timbres, alternative forms of notation, and extended instrumental and vocal techniques. Examples include seagull effect for the cello , metallic vibrato for the piano George Crumb (born...	1929		American	Ancient Voices of Children Ancient Voices of Children Ancient Voices of Children is a composition by American composer George Crumb. Written in 1970, the work is scored for mezzo-soprano, boy soprano, oboe, mandolin, harp, amplified piano , and percussion , and was commissioned by the Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Foundation... , Black Angels Black Angels (Crumb) Black Angels , subtitled "Thirteen Images from the Dark Land" is an avant-garde work composed by George Crumb for "electric string quartet." It was composed over the course of a year and is dated "Friday the Thirteenth, March 1970 " as written on the score...	Extended technique Extended technique Extended techniques are performance techniques used in music to describe unconventional, unorthodox, or non-traditional techniques of singing, or of playing musical instruments to obtain unusual sounds or instrumental timbres.... , Numerology Numerology Numerology is any study of the purported mystical relationship between a count or measurement and life. It has many systems and traditions and beliefs...
Edison Denisov Edison Denisov Edison Vasilievich Denisov was a Russian composer of so called "Underground" — "Anti-Collectivist", "alternative" or "nonconformist" division in the Soviet music.-Biography:...	1929	1996	Russian
Frédéric Devreese Frédéric Devreese Frédéric Devreese is a Dutch-born Belgian composer of mostly orchestral, chamber and piano works that have been performed throughout the world; he is also active as a conductor....	1929		Belgian
Petr Eben Petr Eben Petr Eben was a Czech composer of modern and contemporary classical music.-His life:Born in Žamberk in northeastern Bohemia, Eben spent his youth in Český Krumlov in southern Bohemia. There he studied piano, and later cello and organ...	1929		Czech
Hormoz Farhat Hormoz Farhat Hormoz Farhat Born 1929 Tehran, is a significant Iranian composer, ethnomusicologist and University lecturer.- Musical career :...	1929		Iranian
Luc Ferrari Luc Ferrari Luc Ferrari was of an Italian heritage but French born composer, particularly noted for his tape music.-Biography:...	1929	2005	French
Alun Hoddinott Alun Hoddinott Alun Hoddinott CBE , was a Welsh composer of classical music, one of the first to receive international recognition.-Life and works:...	1929	2008	Welsh
Charles Knox Charles Knox Charles C. Knox is an American composer and music educator. He is particularly noted for his music for brass instruments and chamber music, among his over 100 compositions to date.Knox received a B.F.A...	1929		American		neo-classical, musical palindromes
Kenneth Leighton Kenneth Leighton Kenneth Leighton was a British composer and pianist. His compositions include much Anglican church music, and many pieces for choir and for piano as well as concertos, symphonies, much chamber music and an opera. He wrote a well-known setting of the Coventry Carol...	1929	1988	English
Henri Pousseur Henri Pousseur Henri Pousseur was a Belgian composer.-Biography:Pousseur studied at the Academies of Music in Liège and in Brussels from 1947 to 1953. He was closely associated with Pierre Froidebise and André Souris...	1929	2009	Belgian	Scambi; Votre Faust; Trois visages à Liège; Couleurs croisées	serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , aleatory Aleatoric music Aleatoric music is music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer... , eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,... , electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound... , world music World music World music is a term with widely varying definitions, often encompassing music which is primarily identified as another genre. This is evidenced by world music definitions such as "all of the music in the world" or "somebody else's local music"... , popular music Popular music Popular music belongs to any of a number of musical genres "having wide appeal" and is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry. It stands in contrast to both art music and traditional music, which are typically disseminated academically or orally to smaller, local...  influence
André Previn André Previn André George Previn, KBE is an American pianist, conductor, and composer. He is considered one of the most versatile musicians in the world, and is the winner of four Academy Awards for his film work and ten Grammy Awards for his recordings. -Early Life:Previn was born in...	1929		German/American	A Streetcar Named Desire A Streetcar Named Desire (opera) A Streetcar Named Desire is an opera composed by André Previn with a libretto by Philip Littell in 1995. It is based on the play by Tennessee Williams and received its premiere at the San Francisco Opera during the 1998-99 season.-Cast:... (opera)
Josef Anton Riedl Josef Anton Riedl Josef Anton Riedl is a German composer.-Biography:Following a period of studies at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater München and in courses given by Hermann Scherchen in Gravesano, Riedl, influenced by Carl Orff und Edgar Varèse, devoted himself as a composer particularly to percussion and...	1929		German
Bogusław Schaeffer	1929		Polish
Peter Sculthorpe Peter Sculthorpe Peter Joshua Sculthorpe AO OBE is an Australian composer. Much of his music has resulted from an interest in the music of Australia's neighbours as well as from the impulse to bring together aspects of native Australian music with that of the heritage of the West...	1929		Australian	Requiem; Kakadu; Earth Cry; Piano Concerto; 17 string quartets	world music World music World music is a term with widely varying definitions, often encompassing music which is primarily identified as another genre. This is evidenced by world music definitions such as "all of the music in the world" or "somebody else's local music"...
Hans Stadlmair Hans Stadlmair Hans Stadlmair is an Austrian conductor and composer. He conducted the Münchener Kammerorchester for almost four decades.-Professional career:...	1929		Austrian	Trumpet Concerto with strings; Saxofonia; Miró
Siegfried Strohbach Siegfried Strohbach Siegfried Strohbach is a German composer and conductor. He founded and directed choirs and the vocal ensemble Collegium Cantorum and is notable for the composition of choral music...	1929		German	5 Galgenlieder; cantata Ein Stern aus Jacob
Muhal Richard Abrams Muhal Richard Abrams Muhal Richard Abrams is an American educator, administrator, composer, arranger, clarinetist, cellist, and jazz pianist in the Free jazz medium. Abrams compresses both contemporary and traditional ideas into lean, elegant pieces.- Biography :Abrams attended DuSable High School in Chicago...	1930		American
Robert Ashley Robert Ashley Robert Ashley , is a contemporary American composer, best known for his operas and other theatrical works, many of which incorporate electronics and extended techniques. Along with Gordon Mumma, Ashley was also a major pioneer of audio synthesis.Ashley was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan...	1930		American		electronic music, extended techniques
Larry Austin Larry Austin Larry Austin is a United States composer noted for his electronic and computer music works. He was a co-founder and editor of the avant-garde music periodical Source: Music of the Avant Garde...	1930		American		electronic music
Petar Bergamo Petar Bergamo Petar Bergamo graduated from the Belgrade Music Academy , where hestudied composition with Stanojlo Rajičić and conducting with Živojin Zdravković...	1930		Croatian		romanticism, atonality
Jacques Calonne Jacques Calonne Jacques Calonne is a Belgian artist, composer, singer, actor, logogramist, and writer.-Life:Calonne studied music from 1944–46 at the conservatories of Mons and Brussels, with amongst others the composer André Souris, who introduced him to the surrealist movement...	1930		Belgian
Robert Cogan Robert Cogan Robert Cogan is an American music theorist, composer and teacher, who seeks to challenge new domains of musical composition and theory....	1930		American
Cristóbal Halffter Cristóbal Halffter Cristóbal Halffter Jiménez-Encina is a Spanish composer. He is the nephew of two other composers, Rodolfo and Ernesto Halffter.-Life:...	1930		Spanish	Líneas y puntos; Don Quixote	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,... , electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Theo Loevendie Theo Loevendie Theo Loevendie is a Dutch composer and clarinet player.Loevendie studied composition and clarinet at the Conservatoire of Amsterdam. Initially he concentrated on jazz music. As off 1968 he also wrote concert music, among which operas, concertos and chamber music...	1930		Dutch
William P. Perry William P. Perry William P. Perry is an American composer and television producer.-Life and career:Born in Elmira, New York in 1930, he attended Harvard University and studied with Paul Hindemith, Walter Piston, and Randall Thompson...	1930		American
Dieter Schnebel Dieter Schnebel Dieter Schnebel is a composer. From 1976 until his retirement in 1995, Schnebel served as professor of experimental music at the Berlin Hochschule der Künste.-Career:...	1930		German	Mahler-Moment; Maulwerke; Baumzucht
Tōru Takemitsu Toru Takemitsu was a Japanese composer and writer on aesthetics and music theory. Largely self-taught, Takemitsu possessed consummate skill in the subtle manipulation of instrumental and orchestral timbre...	1930	1996	Japanese	A Flock Descends into the Pentagonal Garden; Toward the Sea Toward the Sea is a work by the Japanese composer Tōru Takemitsu, commissioned by Greenpeace for the Save the Whales campaign.-Form:Towards the Sea exists in three separate versions:* The first, composed in 1981 for alto flute and guitar...	Neo-impressionism
Sylvano Bussotti Sylvano Bussotti Sylvano Bussotti is an Italian composer of contemporary music whose work is unusually notated and often creates special problems of interpretation.Born in Florence, Bussotti learned to play the violin as a child, becoming a prodigy...	1931		Italian
F. R. C. Clarke F. R. C. Clarke Frederick Robert Charles Clarke, known largely by his initials F. R. C. Clarke was a Canadian musician and composer who spent most of his musical career in Kingston, Ontario, Canada....	1931	2009	Italian
Lucia Dlugoszewski Lucia Dlugoszewski Lucia Dlugoszewski was a Polish-American composer, performer and inventor. She created over a hundred musical instruments, including the timbre piano, a sort of prepared piano in which hammers and keys were replaced with bows and plectra.-Background and early years:The daughter of Polish...	1931	2000	Polish-American
Sofia Gubaidulina Sofia Gubaidulina Sofia Asgatovna Gubaidulina, is a Russian composer of half Russian, half Tatar ethnicity.Gubaidulina's music is marked by the use of unusual instrumental combinations...	1931		Russian	Offertorium Offertorium (Gubaidulina) Offertorium is a concerto for violin and orchestra composed by Sofia Gubaidulina in 1980 and revised in 1982 and 1986... ; Music for Flute, Strings, and Percussion Music for Flute, Strings, and Percussion Music for Flute, Strings, and Percussion is a piece written by Sofia Gubaidulina in 1994 dedicated to Pierre-Yves Artaud.The instruments are divided into two sections, one of which is tuned a quarter-tone lower than the other...
Frederick A. Fox Frederick A. Fox Frederick Alfred Fox, Jr. was an American composer and former music educator specializing in contemporary classical music.-Formative Years:...	1931		American		Contemporary
Derek Holman Derek Holman Derek Holman, CM is a choral conductor, organist, and composer.Holman attended the Royal Academy of Music from 1948 to 1952 and studied with Sir William McKie, Eric Thiman, and York Bowen...	1931
Mauricio Kagel Mauricio Kagel Mauricio Kagel was a German-Argentine composer. He was notable for his interest in developing the theatrical side of musical performance .-Biography:...	1931	2008	Argentine / German	Staatstheater; Kantrimiusik; Ludwig van
André Laporte André Laporte André Laporte is a Belgian composer.-Biography:Laporte studied music with Edgard de Laet, Flor Peeters, and Marinus De Jong at the Lemmens Institute in Mechelen, and musicology and philosophy at the Catholic University of Leuven from 1953 to 1957...	1931		Belgian	Das Schloss	eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,...
Arne Nordheim Arne Nordheim Arne Nordheim was a Norwegian composer who had since 1982 been living in the Norwegian State's honorary residence, Grotten, next to the Royal Palace in Oslo. Nordheim received numerous prizes for his compositions, and was elected an honorary member of the International Society for Contemporary...	1931	2010	Norwegian	Epitaffio; The Tempest (ballet); Magma	many works include electronics
Ib Nørholm Ib Nørholm Ib Nørholm is a Danish composer and organist.Nørholm studied with Vagn Holmboe at the Royal Danish Academy of Music, where he later taught , becoming a professor in 1981...	1931		Danish
Makoto Shinohara Makoto Shinohara is a Japanese composer.- Biography :Shinohara studied at the Tokyo University of the Arts from 1952 to 1954, studying composition with Tomojiro Ikenouchi, piano with Kazuko Yasukawa, and conducting with Akeo Watanabe and Kurt Woess. From 1954 to 1960, he studied in Paris with Tony Aubin, Olivier...	1931		Japanese	Fragmente	electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound... , influence of traditional Japanese music
Malcolm Williamson Malcolm Williamson Malcolm Benjamin Graham Christopher Williamson AO , CBE was an Australian composer. He was the Master of the Queen's Music from 1975 until his death.-Biography:...	1931	2003	Australian	Mass of Christ the King; The Dawn is at Hand; 7 numbered symphonies; cassations
Niccolò Castiglioni Niccolò Castiglioni Niccolò Castiglioni was an Italian composer, pianist, and writer on music.Castiglioni was born and raised in Milan, where he began studying piano at the age of 7. He received his performer's diploma from the Milan Conservatory in 1952, and graduated there in composition in 1953...	1932	1996	Italian
John Barnes Chance John Barnes Chance John Barnes Chance was a composer, born in Beaumont, Texas. Chance studied composition with Clifton Williams at the University of Texas, Austin, and is best known for his concert band works, which include Variations on a Korean Folk Song, Incantation and Dance, and Blue Lake Overture...	1932	1972	American	Variations on a Korean Folk Song Variations on a Korean Folk Song Variations on a Korean Folk Song is a major musical piece written for concert band by John Barnes Chance in 1965. As the name implies, Variations consists of a set of variations on the Korean folk song Arirang, which the composer heard while in Korea with the U.S. Army in the late 1950s... (concert band)
Henning Christiansen Henning Christiansen Henning Christiansen was a Danish composer and an active member of the Fluxus-movement. He worked with artists such as Joseph Beuys and Nam June Paik, as well as with his wife Ursula Reuter Christiansen...	1932	2008	Danish		fluxus
Tod Dockstader Tod Dockstader Tod Dockstader is an American composer of electronic music, and particularly musique concrète. He studied painting and film while at the University of Minnesota, before moving to Hollywood in 1955, to become an apprentice film editor...	1932	2008	American		electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
James Douglas James Douglas (composer) James Douglas is a Scottish classical composer.Douglas was born in Dumbarton. He was brought up in Edinburgh and moved to live in North West Scotland in 2006. Douglas has composed over 2000 works including music for a wide variety of instruments and a number of choral pieces...	1932		Scottish
Alexander Goehr Alexander Goehr Alexander Goehr is an English composer and academic.Goehr was born in Berlin in 1932, the son of the conductor and Schoenberg pupil Walter Goehr. In his early twenties he emerged as a central figure in the Manchester School of post-war British composers. In 1955–56 he joined Oliver Messiaen's...	1932		English	Arianna	twelve-tone Twelve-tone technique Twelve-tone technique is a method of musical composition devised by Arnold Schoenberg... , later modal, eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,...
M. William Karlins M. William Karlins Martin William Karlins was an American composer of contemporary classical music....	1932	2005	American	Works for Saxophone Saxophone The saxophone is a conical-bore transposing musical instrument that is a member of the woodwind family. Saxophones are usually made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. The saxophone was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1846... ; works for Double Bass Double bass The double bass, also called the string bass, upright bass, standup bass or contrabass, is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra, with strings usually tuned to E1, A1, D2 and G2...
Wojciech Kilar Wojciech Kilar Wojciech Kilar ; b. 17 July 1932 in Lwów, Poland) is a Polish classical and film music composer.-Biography:Wojciech Kilar is one of Poland’s esteemed composers. Born in 1932 in Lwów . His father was a gynecologist and his mother was a theater actress...	1932		Polish	Krzesany; Dracula (film music)	holy minimalism Holy minimalism Holy minimalism, mystic minimalism, spiritual minimalism, or sacred minimalism are terms used to refer to a number of late-twentieth-century composers of Western classical music, whose works are distinguished by a minimalist compositional aesthetic and a distinctly religious or mystical subject...
Richard Meale Richard Meale Richard Graham Meale, AM, MBE was an Australian composer of instrumental works and operas.-Biography:Meale was born in Sydney and studied piano with Winifred Burston at the NSW State Conservatorium of Music, as well as clarinet, harp, music history and theory, before studying at the University of...	1932		Australian	Voss	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
Per Nørgård Per Nørgård Per Nørgård is a Danish composer.-Biography:Nørgård studied with Vagn Holmboe at the Royal Danish Academy of Music in Copenhagen, and subsequently with Nadia Boulanger in Paris. To begin with, he was strongly influenced by the Nordic styles of Jean Sibelius, Carl Nielsen and Vagn Holmboe...	1932		Danish	7 symphonies; Voyage into the Golden Screen
Rodion Shchedrin Rodion Shchedrin Rodion Konstantinovich Shchedrin is a Russian composer. He was one оf the leading Soviet composers, and was the chairman of the Union of Russian Composers from 1973 until 1990.-Life and Works:...	1932		Russian	Lolita Lolita (opera) Lolita is an opera in two acts by composer Rodion Shchedrin. The opera was composed in 1992 and uses a Russian language libretto by the composer which is based on Vladimir Nabokov's 1955 novel of the same name, written in English... and 5 other operas; 2 Symphonies and other orchestral works; The Carmen Ballet and other ballets; 6 piano concertos; solo piano works
Gilles Tremblay Gilles Tremblay Gilles Tremblay, is a Canadian composer. He studied at the Conservatories of Montreal and Paris , where his teachers including Olivier Messiaen , Yvonne Loriod , and Maurice Martenot . He also attended Stockhausen's summer courses at Darmstadt, where he became interested in electro-acoustic...	1932		Canadian	Sonorisation du Pavillon du Québec; Fleuves	electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound... , serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of...
Leonardo Balada Leonardo Balada Leonardo Balada , is a Catalan American composer, now teaching and composing in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.-Life:...	1933		Spanish-American	6 symphonies; 6 operas; various concertos	Avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , later folk-influenced
Easley Blackwood, Jr.	1933		American		polyrhythm Polyrhythm Polyrhythm is the simultaneous sounding of two or more independent rhythms.Polyrhythm in general is a nonspecific term for the simultaneous occurrence of two or more conflicting rhythms, of which cross-rhythm is a specific and definable subset.—Novotney Polyrhythms can be distinguished from... , microtone
Justin Connolly Justin Connolly Justin Connolly is a British composer and teacher.He was educated at Westminster School, and then briefly studied law at the Middle Temple before deciding on a career in music...	1933		British		modernism
Ramiro Cortés Ramiro Cortés Ramiro Cortés was an American composer.Cortés studied with Henry Cowell, Richard Donovan, Ingolf Dahl, Vittorio Giannini, Roger Sessions, Halsey Stevens, and, in Rome on a Fulbright Fellowship, with Goffredo Petrassi...	1933	1984	American		serialism, atonality
Pozzi Escot Pozzi Escot Pozzi Escot is an American composer and faculty member at the New England Conservatory in Boston, Massachusetts....	1933		American
Henryk Górecki Henryk Górecki Henryk Mikołaj Górecki was a composer of contemporary classical music. He studied at the State Higher School of Music in Katowice between 1955 and 1960. In 1968, he joined the faculty and rose to provost before resigning in 1979. Górecki became a leading figure of the Polish avant-garde during...	1933	2010	Polish	Symphony of Sorrowful Songs Symphony No. 3 (Górecki) The Symphony No. 3, Op. 36, also known as the Symphony of Sorrowful Songs , is a symphony in three movements composed by Henryk Górecki in Katowice, Poland, between October and December 1976. The work is indicative of the transition between Górecki's dissonant earlier manner and his more tonal...	holy minimalism Holy minimalism Holy minimalism, mystic minimalism, spiritual minimalism, or sacred minimalism are terms used to refer to a number of late-twentieth-century composers of Western classical music, whose works are distinguished by a minimalist compositional aesthetic and a distinctly religious or mystical subject...
Bo Linde Bo Linde Anders Bo Leif Linde was a Swedish composer whose style resembled that of notable 20th century neoclassical composers like Benjamin Britten and Samuel Barber....	1933	1970	Swedish		Neoromanticism Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and...
Krzysztof Penderecki Krzysztof Penderecki Krzysztof Penderecki , born November 23, 1933 in Dębica) is a Polish composer and conductor. His 1960 avant-garde Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima for string orchestra brought him to international attention, and this success was followed by acclaim for his choral St. Luke Passion. Both these...	1933		Polish	Threnody for the Victims of Hiroshima; St. Luke Passion St. Luke Passion (Penderecki) The St. Luke Passion is a work for chorus and orchestra written in 1966 by Polish composer Krzysztof Penderecki... ; Polish Requiem Polish Requiem Polish Requiem is a large scale Requiem Mass for soloists, mixed choir and orchestra by Krzysztof Penderecki, originally composed between 1980 and 1984, revised and expanded in 1993, and expanded again in 2005 with the additional movement, Ciaccona... ; Symphony No. 2: Christmas	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , extended technique Extended technique Extended techniques are performance techniques used in music to describe unconventional, unorthodox, or non-traditional techniques of singing, or of playing musical instruments to obtain unusual sounds or instrumental timbres.... , later Neoromanticism Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and...
Yves Prin Yves Prin Yves Prin is a French composer and conductor of classical music.-Life:He studied piano with Yves Nat and conducting with Louis Fourestier at the Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique de Paris where he won several first prizes....	1933		French		Neo-impressionism
Harrison Birtwistle Harrison Birtwistle Sir Harrison Paul Birtwistle CH is a British contemporary composer.-Life:Birtwistle was born in Accrington, a mill town in Lancashire some 20 miles north of Manchester. His interest in music was encouraged by his mother, who bought him a clarinet when he was seven, and arranged for him to have...	1934		English	The Mask of Orpheus The Mask of Orpheus The Mask of Orpheus is an opera with music by Harrison Birtwistle and a libretto by Peter Zinovieff. It was premiered in London at the English National Opera on May 21, 1986 to great critical acclaim. A recorded version conducted by Andrew Davis and Martyn Brabbins has also received good reviews...
Benjamin Boretz Benjamin Boretz Benjamin Boretz is an American composer and music theorist.-Life and work:Boretz was born in Brooklyn, New York and graduated with a degree in music from Brooklyn College...	1934		American
Mario Davidovsky Mario Davidovsky Mario Davidovsky is an Argentine-American composer. Born in Argentina, he emigrated in 1960 to the US, where he lives today...	1934		Argentine-American
Peter Maxwell Davies Peter Maxwell Davies Sir Peter Maxwell Davies, CBE is an English composer and conductor and is currently Master of the Queen's Music.-Biography:...	1934		English	Eight Songs for a Mad King Eight Songs for a Mad King Eight Songs for a Mad King is a monodrama by Sir Peter Maxwell Davies with a libretto by Randolph Stow, based on words of George III. The work was written for the South-African actor Roy Hart and the composer's ensemble the Pierrot Players, and premiered on 22 April 1969... ; 8 symphonies
Vinko Globokar Vinko Globokar Vinko Globokar is a French avant-garde composer and trombonist of Slovene descent.His work is noted for its use of unconventional and extended techniques, closely allying him to contemporaries Salvatore Sciarrino and Helmut Lachenmann...	1934		Welsh
William Mathias William Mathias William Mathias CBE was a Welsh composer.-Brief biography:Mathias was born in Whitland, Carmarthenshire. A child prodigy, he started playing the piano at the age of three and composing at the age of five. He studied at the Royal Academy of Music under Lennox Berkeley, where he was elected a fellow...	1934	1992	Welsh	3 symphonies
Siegfried Matthus Siegfried Matthus Siegfried Matthus is a German composer and opera director living in Berlin and is one of Germany's most often performed contemporary composers.- Biography :Matthus attended secondary school in Rheinsberg, followed by studies at the Hochschule für Musik...	1934		German	Judith (opera), Te Deum
Alfred Schnittke Alfred Schnittke Alfred Schnittke ; November 24, 1934 – August 3, 1998) was a Russian and Soviet composer. Schnittke's early music shows the strong influence of Dmitri Shostakovich. He developed a polystylistic technique in works such as the epic First Symphony and First Concerto Grosso...	1934	1998	Russian	10 symphonies, cello sonata, piano quintet,	polystylism Polystylism Polystylism is the use of multiple styles or techniques in literature, art, film, or, especially, music, and is a postmodern characteristic.Some prominent contemporary polystylist composers include Peter Maxwell Davies, Michael Colgrass, Lera Auerbach, Sofia Gubaidulina, George Rochberg, Alfred... , music for films Film score A film score is original music written specifically to accompany a film, forming part of the film's soundtrack, which also usually includes dialogue and sound effects...
Ramon Sender Ramon Sender Ramon Sender Barayón is a composer, writer and the co-founder, with Morton Subotnick, of the San Francisco Tape Music Center in 1961. He studied with George Copeland, Elliott Carter, and Robert Erickson....	1934		Spanish		electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Christian Wolff Christian Wolff (composer) Christian G. Wolff is an American composer of experimental classical music.-Biography:Wolff was born in Nice in France to German literary publishers Helen and Kurt Wolff, who had published works by Franz Kafka, Robert Musil, and Walter Benjamin. After relocating to the U.S...	1934		American
Derek Bell Derek Bell (musician) George Derek Fleetwood Bell, MBE was an Northern Irish harpist, pianist, oboist, musicologist, and composer, best known for his accompaniment work on various instruments with The Chieftains....	1935	2002	Irish
John Eaton John Eaton (composer) John Charles Eaton is an American composer , MacArthur Fellow, is professor emeritus of composition at the University of Chicago John Charles Eaton (born 30 March 1935 in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania) is an American composer (Anon. [n.d.]; Morgan 2001), MacArthur Fellow, is professor emeritus of...	1935		American		microtonal music Microtonal music Microtonal music is music using microtones—intervals of less than an equally spaced semitone. Microtonal music can also refer to music which uses intervals not found in the Western system of 12 equal intervals to the octave.-Terminology:...
Nigel Butterley Nigel Butterley Nigel Henry Cockburn Butterley AM is an Australian composer and pianist.-Life and career:Butterley learnt to play the piano at the age of five. He attended Sydney Grammar School, but as music wasn't taught at the school at that time, he also sought training from the Sydney Conservatorium of Music....	1935		Australian
Giya Kancheli Giya Kancheli Giya Kancheli , born 10 August 1935, in Tbilisi, is a Georgian composer resident in Belgium.Since 1991, Kancheli has lived in Western Europe: first in Berlin, and since 1995 in Antwerp, where he is composer-in-residence for the Royal Flemish Philharmonic....	1935		Georgian	7 symphonies	holy minimalism Holy minimalism Holy minimalism, mystic minimalism, spiritual minimalism, or sacred minimalism are terms used to refer to a number of late-twentieth-century composers of Western classical music, whose works are distinguished by a minimalist compositional aesthetic and a distinctly religious or mystical subject...
Helmut Lachenmann Helmut Lachenmann Helmut Lachenmann is a German composer associated with musique concrète instrumentale.-Life and works:...	1935		German	Schwankungen am Rand; Gran Torso; Das Mädchen mit den Schwefelhölzern (opera)	extended technique Extended technique Extended techniques are performance techniques used in music to describe unconventional, unorthodox, or non-traditional techniques of singing, or of playing musical instruments to obtain unusual sounds or instrumental timbres....
François-Bernard Mâche François-Bernard Mâche François-Bernard Mâche is a French composer of contemporary music. Born into a family of musicians, he is a former student of Émile Passani and Olivier Messiaen and has also received a diploma in Greek archaeology and a teaching certificate...	1935		French
Nicholas Maw Nicholas Maw John Nicholas Maw was a British composer.-Biography:Born in Grantham, Lincolnshire, Maw was the son of Clarence Frederick Maw and Hilda Ellen Chambers. He attended the Wennington School, a boarding school, in Wetherby in the West Riding of Yorkshire. His mother died of tuberculosis when he was 14...	1935		English	Odyssey; The World in the Evening
Arvo Pärt Arvo Pärt Arvo Pärt is an Estonian classical composer and one of the most prominent living composers of sacred music. Since the late 1970s, Pärt has worked in a minimalist style that employs his self-made compositional technique, tintinnabuli. His music also finds its inspiration and influence from...	1935		Estonian	Tabula Rasa; Fratres Fratres Fratres is a composition by the Estonian composer Arvo Pärt, existing in versions for a wide variety of instrumentations and exemplifying Pärt's tintinnabuli style of composition. Structurally, the piece consists of a set of eight or nine chord sequences, separated by a recurring percussion motif... ; Summa; Cantus In Memoriam Benjamin Britten Cantus In Memoriam Benjamin Britten Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten is a short canon in A minor, written in 1977 by the Estonian composer Arvo Pärt for string orchestra and bell. The work is an early example of Pärt's tintinnabuli style, which he based on his reactions to early chant music...	holy minimalism Holy minimalism Holy minimalism, mystic minimalism, spiritual minimalism, or sacred minimalism are terms used to refer to a number of late-twentieth-century composers of Western classical music, whose works are distinguished by a minimalist compositional aesthetic and a distinctly religious or mystical subject...
Terry Riley Terry Riley Terrence Mitchell Riley, is an American composer intrinsically associated with the minimalist school of Western classical music and was a pioneer of the movement...	1935		American	In C In C In C is a semi-aleatoric musical piece composed by Terry Riley in 1964 for any number of people, although he suggests "a group of about 35 is desired if possible but smaller or larger groups will work"...	minimalism Minimalist music Minimal music is a style of music associated with the work of American composers La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Philip Glass. It originated in the New York Downtown scene of the 1960s and was initially viewed as a form of experimental music called the New York Hypnotic School....
Aulis Sallinen Aulis Sallinen Aulis Sallinen is a Finnish contemporary classical music composer. He writes in a modern, though tonal and not experimental music style. He studied at the Sibelius Academy, where his teachers included Joonas Kokkonen...	1935		Finnish	8 symphonies; The King Goes Forth to France (opera)
Peter Schat Peter Schat Peter Schat was a Dutch composer.Schat studied composition with Kees van Baaren at the conservatories in Utrecht and The Hague from 1952 until 1958, and then went on to study in London with Mátyás Seiber in 1959 and with Pierre Boulez in Basle in 1960–61...	1935	2003	Dutch
La Monte Young La Monte Young La Monte Thornton Young is an American avant-garde composer, musician, and artist.Young is generally recognized as the first minimalist composer. His works have been included among the most important and radical post-World War II avant-garde, experimental, and contemporary music. Young is...	1935		American	The Well-Tuned Piano	minimalism Minimalist music Minimal music is a style of music associated with the work of American composers La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Philip Glass. It originated in the New York Downtown scene of the 1960s and was initially viewed as a form of experimental music called the New York Hypnotic School.... , microtonal music Microtonal music Microtonal music is music using microtones—intervals of less than an equally spaced semitone. Microtonal music can also refer to music which uses intervals not found in the Western system of 12 equal intervals to the octave.-Terminology:... , improvisation Musical improvisation Musical improvisation is the creative activity of immediate musical composition, which combines performance with communication of emotions and instrumental technique as well as spontaneous response to other musicians... , Asian-music influence
Gilbert Amy Gilbert Amy Gilbert Amy is a French composer and conductor. In 1954 he entered the Conservatoire de Paris where he was taught and influenced by Olivier Messiaen and Darius Milhaud and studied piano with Yvonne Loriod and fugue with Simone Plé-Caussade. His first compositions date from 1955...	1936		French		serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , film music, electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Richard Rodney Bennett Richard Rodney Bennett Sir Richard Rodney Bennett, CBE is an English composer renowned for his film scores and his jazz performance as much as for his challenging concert works...	1936		English
Herbert Blendinger Herbert Blendinger Herbert Blendinger is an Austrian composer and viola player of German origin.-Professional career:Blendinger studied viola and composition with Willy Horwath and Max Gebhard at the conservatory in Nuremberg, then from 1961 to 1963 at the Musikhochschule München with Georg Schmid and Franz Xaver...	1936		German-Austrian	viola concerto, cantata Mdia in vita, string quartets	also a violist
Harold Budd Harold Budd Harold Budd is an American ambient/avant-garde composer and poet. Born in Los Angeles, he was raised in the Mojave Desert, and was inspired at an early age by the humming tone caused by wind blown across telephone wires....	1936		American		avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , ambient music Ambient music Ambient music is a musical genre that focuses largely on the timbral characteristics of sounds, often organized or performed to evoke an "atmospheric", "visual" or "unobtrusive" quality.- History :...
Cornelius Cardew Cornelius Cardew Cornelius Cardew was an English experimental music composer, and founder of the Scratch Orchestra, an experimental performing ensemble. He later rejected the avant-garde in favour of a politically motivated "people's liberation music".-Biography:Cardew was born in Winchcombe, Gloucestershire...	1936	1981	English	Treatise; The Great Learning	serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , improvisation Musical improvisation Musical improvisation is the creative activity of immediate musical composition, which combines performance with communication of emotions and instrumental technique as well as spontaneous response to other musicians... , aleatory Aleatoric music Aleatoric music is music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer...
Carl Davis Carl Davis Carl Davis CBE is an American born conductor and composer who has made his home in the UK since 1961. In 1970 he married the English actress Jean Boht....	1936		American		film music, title music
Iván Erőd Iván Eröd Iván Erőd, also Iván Eröd , is an Hungarian-Austrian composer and pianist.- Career :Erőd studied at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music with Pál Kadosa and Ferenc Szabó . He emigrated to Austria in 1956 and studied there at the Vienna Music Academy, with Richard Hauser and Karl Schiske...	1936		Hungarian-Austrian	opera Seidenraupen, song cycle Milchzahnlieder, piano trios
Malcolm Forsyth Malcolm Forsyth Malcolm Forsyth, CM was a South African and Canadian trombonist and composer. His daughter is National Arts Centre Orchestra cellist Amanda Forsyth....	1936		South African-born Canadian
Frans Geysen Frans Geysen -Biography:Frans Geysen was born in Oostham, and studied music at the Lemmens Institute in Mechelen, and at the conservatories of Antwerp and Ghent. In 1962 he became professor of harmony and analysis at the Lemmens Institute, and since 1975 has taught at the Royal Conservatory in Brussels...	1936		Belgian	Periferisch-Diagonaal-Concentrisch; Twee orgels	twelve-tone technique Twelve-tone technique Twelve-tone technique is a method of musical composition devised by Arnold Schoenberg... , minimalism Minimalist music Minimal music is a style of music associated with the work of American composers La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Philip Glass. It originated in the New York Downtown scene of the 1960s and was initially viewed as a form of experimental music called the New York Hypnotic School.... , atonal Atonality Atonality in its broadest sense describes music that lacks a tonal center, or key. Atonality in this sense usually describes compositions written from about 1908 to the present day where a hierarchy of pitches focusing on a single, central tone is not used, and the notes of the chromatic scale...
Colin Mawby Colin Mawby Colin Mawby is an English organist, choral conductor and composer.-Career:Mawby received his earliest musical education at Westminster Cathedral choir school, where he acted as assistant to George Malcolm at the organ from the age of 12. The boys performed 14 or 15 services a week and had 10 hours...	1936		English	Laudate Pueri Dominum; Requiem of Hope; children's opera The Quest
Steve Reich Steve Reich Stephen Michael "Steve" Reich is an American composer who together with La Monte Young, Terry Riley, and Philip Glass is a pioneering composer of minimal music...	1936		American	Piano Phase Piano Phase Piano Phase is a piece of music written in 1967 by the minimalist composer Steve Reich for two pianos. It is his first attempt at applying his "phasing" technique, which he had previously used in the tape pieces It's Gonna Rain and Come Out , to live performance.Reich's phasing works generally... ; Music for 18 Musicians Music for 18 Musicians Music for 18 Musicians is a work of musical minimalism composed by Steve Reich during 1974-1976. Its world premiere was on April 24, 1976 at Town Hall, New York. Following this, a recording of the piece was released by ECM New Series...	minimalism Minimalist music Minimal music is a style of music associated with the work of American composers La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Philip Glass. It originated in the New York Downtown scene of the 1960s and was initially viewed as a form of experimental music called the New York Hypnotic School....
Aribert Reimann Aribert Reimann Aribert Reimann is a German opera composer, pianist and accompanist, known especially for his literary operas. His version of King Lear was written at the suggestion of Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau who sang the title role....	1936		German	Lear Lear (opera) Lear is an opera in two acts with music by the German composer Aribert Reimann, and a libretto by Claus H. Henneberg, based on Shakespeare's tragedy King Lear.-Background and performance history:... ; Nahe Ferne; Wolkenloses Christfest
Elliott Schwartz Elliott Schwartz Elliott Schwartz is an American composer. A graduate of Columbia University, He was Beckwith Professor Emeritus of music at Bowdoin College joining the faculty in 1964. In 2006, the Library of Congress acquired his papers to make them part of their permanent collection...	1936		American	Equinox for orchestra, 1994
Robert Suderburg Robert Suderburg Robert Suderburg is an American composer, conductor, and pianist.-Biography:The son of a jazz trombonist , Suderburg studied composition with Paul Fetler at the University of Minnesota, where he received a BA in 1957...	1936		American	Concerto, Within the Mirror of Time, for piano and orchestra; Chamber Music VII ("Ceremonies")
Edward Applebaum Edward Applebaum Edward Applebaum is an American composer of contemporary classical music.He began his career as a jazz pianist and conductor. He holds a B.A. , M.A. , and Ph.D. from the University of California, Los Angeles, and also studied at the Royal Academy of Music in Stockholm, Sweden. His primary...	1937		American
Keiko Abe Keiko Abe is a Japanese composer and marimba player. She has been a primary figure in the development of the marimba, in terms of expanding both technique and repertoire, and through her collaboration with the Yamaha musical instrument company, developed the modern five-octave concert marimba.- Biography...	1937		Japanese
Jan Bach Jan Bach Jan Bach is an American composer. He taught at the University of Tampa from 1965 to 1966 and at Northern Illinois University in DeKalb, Illinois from 1966 to 2002. His primary performing instrument is the horn, and he is especially renowned for his horn pieces and especially well-known among...	1937		American
Junsang Bahk Junsang Bahk Junsang Bahk is a celebrated Korean composer, also active in Austria....	1937		South Korean
Osvaldas Balakauskas Osvaldas Balakauskas Osvaldas Balakauskas is a Lithuanian composer of classical music.- Career :Balakauskas graduated from Vilnius Pedagogical University in 1961. After his mandatory service in the Soviet Army between 1961 and 1964, he studied composition with Boris Lyatoshinsky and M. M. Skorik at Kiev Conservatory...	1937		Lithuanian	5 symphonies; concertos
David Bedford David Bedford David Vickerman Bedford , was an English composer and musician. He wrote and played both popular and classical music....	1937		British
David Behrman David Behrman David Behrman is a US composer and the producer of Columbia Records' Music of Our Time series. He was also a founding member of the Sonic Arts Union. He toured with the Merce Cunningham Dance Company and has worked with Ben Neill. He was a part of Robert Ashley's Music with Roots in the Aether...	1937		American
Azio Corghi Azio Corghi Azio Corghi is an Italian opera composer, also a teacher and musicologist. He was born at Cirié, in the Province of Turin, studied at the Turin and Milan conservatories and was a pupil of Bruno Bettinelli...	1937		Italian	Divara–Wasser und Blut (opera)
Jean-Louis Petit Jean-Louis Petit Jean-Louis Petit is a French composer, conductor and organist. He studied composition with Georges Moineau and organ with Arsène Muzerelle at the Conservatoire de Reims before he studied under Simone Plé-Caussade and Olivier Messiaen at the Conservatoire de Paris...	1937		French
David Del Tredici David Del Tredici David Del Tredici, born March 16, 1937 in Cloverdale, California, is an American composer. According to Del Tredici's website, Aaron Copland said David Del Tredici "is that rare find among composers — a creator with a truly original gift...	1937		American	Child Alice; Final Alice
Philip Glass Philip Glass Philip Glass is an American composer. He is considered to be one of the most influential composers of the late 20th century and is widely acknowledged as a composer who has brought art music to the public .His music is often described as minimalist, along with...	1937		American	Violin Concerto; operas; 8 symphonies	minimalism Minimalist music Minimal music is a style of music associated with the work of American composers La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Philip Glass. It originated in the New York Downtown scene of the 1960s and was initially viewed as a form of experimental music called the New York Hypnotic School....
Walter Hekster Walter Hekster Walter Hekster is a Dutch composer, clarinetist and conductor of classical music, specializing in contemporary classical music....	1937
Nikolai Kapustin Nikolai Kapustin Nikolai Girshevich Kapustin is a Ukrainian Russian composer and pianist....	1937		Russian
Bo Nilsson Bo Nilsson Bo Nilsson , is a Swedish composer and lyricist.Bo Nilsson first drew notice as a composer at the age of 18 when his "Zwei Stücke" were performed in a 1956 West German Radio “Musik der Zeit” concert in Cologne...	1937		Swedish
Valentin Silvestrov Valentin Silvestrov Valentyn Vasylyovych Sylvestrov is a Ukrainian pianist and composer of contemporary classical music.-Education:Sylvestrov began private music lessons at age 15...	1937		Ukrainian	Symphony No. 5
Yehuda Yannay Yehuda Yannay Yehuda Yannay is an American-Israeli composer, conductor, film maker and performance artist.Yannay moved from Romania to Israel in 1951, where he studied with Alexander Uriya Boskovitch , who influenced him greatly...	1937		American-Israeli	At the End of the Parade ; Radiant Inner Light; Piano Concerto	extended techniques, multimedia Multimedia Multimedia is media and content that uses a combination of different content forms. The term can be used as a noun or as an adjective describing a medium as having multiple content forms. The term is used in contrast to media which use only rudimentary computer display such as text-only, or... , postmodern
Maryanne Amacher Maryanne Amacher Maryanne Amacher was an American composer and installation artist.-Biography:Amacher was born in Kane, Pennsylvania, to an American nurse and a Swiss freight train worker. As the only child, she grew up playing the piano. Amacher left Kane to attend the University of Pennsylvania on a full...	1938		American
Bart Berman Bart Berman Bart Berman is a Dutch-Israeli pianist and composer, best known as an interpreter of Franz Schubert and 20th century music....	1938		Dutch-Israeli
William Bolcom William Bolcom William Elden Bolcom is an American composer and pianist. He has received the Pulitzer Prize, the National Medal of Arts, two Grammy Awards, the Detroit Music Award and was named 2007 Composer of the Year by Musical America. Bolcom taught composition at the University of Michigan from 1973–2008...	1938		American	Songs of Experience; Songs of Innocence
David Borden David Borden David Borden is an American composer of minimalist music.In 1969, with the support of Robert Moog, he founded the synthesizer ensemble, Mother Mallard's Portable Masterpiece Company in Ithaca New York. Mother Mallard performed pieces by Robert Ashley, John Cage, Terry Riley, Philip Glass, and...	1938		American
Paul Chihara Paul Chihara Paul Seiko Chihara is an American composer.Chihara was born in Seattle, Washington in 1938. A Japanese American, he spent several years of his childhood with his family in an internment camp in Minidoka, Idaho....	1938		American	Shogun: The Musical Shogun: The Musical Shōgun: The Musical is a musical with a book and lyrics by John Driver and music by Paul Chihara.Based on James Clavell's 1976 epic novel and the 1980 television mini-series of the same name it spawned, it centers on shipwrecked English sea captain John Blackthorne, who finds himself drawn into a...
Gloria Coates Gloria Coates Gloria Coates is an American composer who has moved to, and has subsequently been living in Munich, Germany since 1969...	1938		American	Music on Open Strings; 15 symphonies
John Corigliano John Corigliano John Corigliano is an American composer of classical music and a teacher of music. He is a distinguished professor of music at Lehman College in the City University of New York.-Biography:...	1938		American	Symphony No. 2 Symphony No. 2 (Corigliano) John Corigliano's Symphony No. 2 for Orchestra was commissioned by the Boston Symphony Orchestra to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Symphony Hall... ; A Dylan Thomas Trilogy; The Red Violin The Red Violin The Red Violin is a 1998 Canadian drama film directed by François Girard. It spans three centuries and five countries as it tells the story of a mysterious violin and its many owners... (film music)	polystylism Polystylism Polystylism is the use of multiple styles or techniques in literature, art, film, or, especially, music, and is a postmodern characteristic.Some prominent contemporary polystylist composers include Peter Maxwell Davies, Michael Colgrass, Lera Auerbach, Sofia Gubaidulina, George Rochberg, Alfred...
Alvin Curran Alvin Curran Composer Alvin Curran , is the co-founder, with Frederic Rzewski and Richard Teitelbaum, of Musica Elettronica Viva, and a former student of Elliott Carter. Curran's music often makes use of electronics and environmental found sounds....	1938		American	For Cornelius; Songs and Views of the Magnetic Garden Songs and Views of the Magnetic Garden Songs and Views of the Magnetic Garden is an album "performed, synthesized, recorded, and mixed by Alvin Curran." Liner notes by Tim Page and Alvin Curran.... ; Inner Cities
Jean-Claude Éloy Jean-Claude Éloy Jean-Claude Éloy is a French composer of instrumental, vocal and electroacoustic music.In his work Éloy realized one of the most significant syntheses of 20th-century music: between electronic and acoustic music, between Western and non-Western traditions...	1938		French
John Harbison John Harbison John Harris Harbison is an American composer, best known for his operas and large choral works.-Life:...	1938		American	The Great Gatsby (opera) The Great Gatsby (opera) The Great Gatsby is an opera in two acts written by American composer John Harbison. The libretto, also by Harbison, was adapted from the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. Additional popular song lyrics were by Murray Horwitz...
Mesías Maiguashca Mesías Maiguashca Mesías Maiguashca , is an Ecuadorian composer, an advocate of the new music, especially electroacoustic music.-Biography:...	1938		Ecuadorian	F-Melodies; Ayayayayay	electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound... ; spectralism
Dianne Goolkasian Rahbee Dianne Goolkasian Rahbee Dianne Goolkasian Rahbee is an American contemporary classical composer and pedagogue whose works are performed worldwide.- Biography :Dianne Goolkasian Rahbee was born and raised in Boston, Massachusetts...	1938		American
Frederic Rzewski Frederic Rzewski Frederic Anthony Rzewski is an American composer and virtuoso pianist.- Biography :Rzewski began playing piano at age 5. He attended Phillips Academy, Harvard and Princeton, where his teachers included Randall Thompson, Roger Sessions, Walter Piston and Milton Babbitt...	1938		American	The People United Will Never Be Defeated! The People United Will Never Be Defeated! The People United Will Never Be Defeated! is a piano composition by American composer Frederic Rzewski.-History:The People United is a set of 36 variations on the Chilean song "¡El pueblo unido jamás será vencido!" by Sergio Ortega and Quilapayún, and received its world premiere on February 7,...
Tona Scherchen Tona Scherchen Tona Scherchen, also Tona Scherchen-Hsiao , is one of the first composers who brought Chinese elements into European avant-garde art music....	1938		Swiss
Gregory Short Gregory Short Gregory Norman Short was an American composer and pianist. Gregory Short was one of the first pianists to offer entire programs of American and Northwest music to audiences in Seattle, WA and through his The American Composer series on Public Broadcasting Service...	1938	1998
Joan Tower Joan Tower Joan Tower is a Grammy-winning contemporary American composer, concert pianist and conductor. Lauded by the New Yorker as "one of the most successful woman composers of all time", her bold and energetic compositions have been performed in concert halls around the world...	1938		American	Petroushskates; Concerto for Orchestra; Sequoia; Fanfare for the Uncommon Woman Fanfare for the Uncommon Woman Fanfare for the Uncommon Woman is a composition by Joan Tower. Parts I, II, III and V were written for brass. Part IV of the piece is for full orchestra. The whole score includes 3 trumpets, 4 horns, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, snare drum, 2 bass drums, 5 cymbals, 2 gongs, tam-tam, tom-toms, the...
Jan Vriend Jan Vriend Jan Vriend is a Dutch classical music composer, conductor and pianist.Vriend was born in Benningbroek, North Holland, and studied at the Amsterdam Conservatory from 1960 to 1967, with Else Krijgsoman , Anthon van der Horst and Jan Felderhof , and Ton de Leeuw...	1938		Dutch
Charles Wuorinen Charles Wuorinen Charles Peter Wuorinen is a prolific Pulitzer Prize-winning American composer born and living in New York City. His catalog of more than 250 compositions includes works for orchestra, opera, chamber music, as well as solo instrumental and vocal works...	1938		American	Time's Encomium; 8 symphonies; chamber music	twelve-tone technique Twelve-tone technique Twelve-tone technique is a method of musical composition devised by Arnold Schoenberg... , serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of...
Louis Andriessen Louis Andriessen Louis Andriessen is a Dutch composer and pianist based in Amsterdam. He teaches composition at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague...	1939		Dutch		minimalism Minimalist music Minimal music is a style of music associated with the work of American composers La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Philip Glass. It originated in the New York Downtown scene of the 1960s and was initially viewed as a form of experimental music called the New York Hypnotic School....
Wendy Carlos Wendy Carlos Wendy Carlos is an American composer and electronic musician. Carlos first came to notice in the late 1960s with recordings made on the Moog synthesizer, then a relatively new and unknown instrument; most notable were LPs of synthesized Bach and the soundtrack for Stanley Kubrick's film A...  (originally Walter Carlos)	1939		American	Switched-On Bach (Moog Synthesizer)	Electronic music (original and transcriptions)
Jonathan Harvey Jonathan Harvey (composer) Jonathan Harvey is a British composer. He has held teaching positions at universities and music conservatories in Europe and the USA and is frequently invited to teach in summer schools around the world.-Life:...	1939		English	Mortuos Plango, Vivos Voco; Advaya; Bhakti; Wheel of Emptiness	spectralism Spectral music Spectral music is a musical composition practice where compositional decisions are often informed by the analysis of sound spectra. Computer-based sound spectrum analysis using tools like DFT, FFT, and spectrograms...
Heinz Holliger Heinz Holliger Heinz Holliger Heinz Holliger Heinz Holliger (born 21 May 1939 is a Swiss oboist, composer and conductor.-Biography:He was born in Langenthal, Switzerland, and began his musical education at the conservatories of Bern and Basel. He studied composition with Sándor Veress and Pierre Boulez...	1939		Swiss	Schneewittchen Schneewittchen (opera) Schneewittchen is an opera by Heinz Holliger. He wrote the libretto based on a poetic text by Robert Walser in iambic trimeter. The opera premiered on 17 October 1998 at the Zurich Opera House which had commissioned the work. The work is a psychoanalytical reworking of the fairy tale, analysing the... (opera)	Also notable oboist
John McCabe John McCabe (composer) John McCabe CBE is an English composer and pianist.- Biography :John McCabe was born in Huyton, Liverpool, Merseyside. A prolific composer from an early age, he had written thirteen symphonies by the time he was eleven...	1939		English	Chagall Windows; symphonies; ballets; string quartets
Tomas Svoboda	1939		Czech	Overture of the Season; Marimba Concerto; "Children's Treasure Box" piano series
Boris Tishchenko Boris Tishchenko Boris Ivanovich Tishchenko was a Russian and Soviet composer and pianist.-Life:...	1939		Russian	7 symphonies
Ellen Taaffe Zwilich	1939		American	5 symphonies; Concertos; Chamber Music
Juraj Beneš Juraj Beneš Juraj Beneš was a Slovak composer, teacher, and pianist.He graduated from the university called Academy of Performing Arts in Bratislava and was a pupil of Ján Cikker, who was one of the best known Slovak composers. Since 1983 Beneš taught at the same university.Beneš's work followed current...	1940	2004	Slovak
Henry Flynt Henry Flynt Henry Flynt is a philosopher, avant-garde musician, anti-art activist and exhibited artist often associated with Conceptual Art, Fluxus and Nihilism.-Background:...	1940		American
Jorge Peixinho Jorge Peixinho Jorge Peixinho was a Portuguese composer, pianist, and conductor.Peixinho studied composition and piano initially at the Conservatory of Lisbon , then studied composition with Boris Porena and Goffredo Petrassi at the Accademia de Santa Cecilia in Rome, graduating in 1961...	1940	1995	Portuguese		electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Frank Zappa Frank Zappa Frank Vincent Zappa was an American composer, singer-songwriter, electric guitarist, record producer and film director. In a career spanning more than 30 years, Zappa wrote rock, jazz, orchestral and musique concrète works. He also directed feature-length films and music videos, and designed...	1940	1993	American	The Perfect Stranger Boulez Conducts Zappa: The Perfect Stranger Boulez Conducts Zappa: The Perfect Stranger is a 1984 album featuring the music of Frank Zappa, conducted, in part, by Pierre Boulez. It is also known as, simply, The Perfect Stranger... ; The Yellow Shark The Yellow Shark The Yellow Shark is an album of orchestral music by Frank Zappa, released in 1993. It features live recordings from the Ensemble Modern's 1992 performances of Zappa's compositions. It was the last Zappa album released before his death. Tom Waits has listed it as one of his favourite albums,...	also an electric guitarist
Stephen Albert Stephen Albert Stephen Albert was an American composer.-Biography:Born in New York City, Albert began his musical training on the piano, French horn, and trumpet as a youngster. He first studied composition at the age of 15 with Elie Siegmeister, and enrolled two years later at the Eastman School of Music, where...	1941	1992	American	Symphony No. 1: Riverrun
Anđelka Bego-Šimunić	1941		Bosnian		neoclassicism Neoclassicism Neoclassicism is the name given to Western movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that draw inspiration from the "classical" art and culture of Ancient Greece or Ancient Rome...
Konrad Boehmer Konrad Boehmer Konrad Boehmer is a Dutch composer and writer of German birth.Boehmer was born in Berlin. His music reflects his Marxist political agenda, which is made explicit in many of his writings from the late 1960s and 1970s...	1941		Dutch (born in Germany)	Aspekt, Apocalipsis cum figuris, Doktor Faustus (opera)	serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , jazz Jazz Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated music from 19th and 20th...  and rock music Rock music Rock music is a genre of popular music that developed during and after the 1960s, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States. It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by rhythm and blues and country music...  influence, electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Johannes Fritsch Johannes Fritsch Johannes G. Fritsch was a German composer.At the age of seven, Fritsch found a violin in the attic of his uncle's house in Bensheim-Auerbach, Germany, and began lessons with a village music teacher named Knapp...	1941	2010	German
Paul Alan Levi Paul Alan Levi Paul Alan Levi is an American composer whose compositions have been performed in Carnegie Hall, among other major venues in United States and Europe, as well as on national television.-Biography:...	1941		American
Emmanuel Nunes Emmanuel Nunes -Biography:Nunes was born in Lisbon, where he studied composition, first from 1959 to 1963 at the Academia de Amadores de Música with Francine Benoit, and then with Fernando Lopes Graça at the University . He then attended courses at the Darmstädter Ferienkurse , and in 1964 moved to Paris...	1941		Portuguese	Machina Mundi; Quodlibet	electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Birgitte Alsted Birgitte Alsted Birgitte Alsted is a Danish violinist, teacher and composer, educated at the Royal Danish Academy of Music and in Warsaw....	1942		Danish
John Cale John Cale John Davies Cale, OBE is a Welsh musician, composer, singer-songwriter and record producer who was a founding member of the experimental rock band The Velvet Underground....	1942		Welsh
Bill Conti Bill Conti William "Bill" Conti is an American film music composer who is frequently the conductor at the Academy Awards ceremony.-Early life and career:...	1942		American		film music
Volker David Kirchner Volker David Kirchner Volker David Kirchner is a German composer and violist.-Biography:Kirchner studied at the Peter Cornelius Conservatory in Mainz from 1956 to 1969 under Günter Kehr and Günter Raphael...	1942		German	Gilgamesh (opera); Missa Moguntina; Symphony No. 2 "Mythen"
Jonathan Kramer Jonathan Kramer Jonathan Donald Kramer , was a U.S. composer and music theorist.- Biography :...	1942	2004	American		postmodernism Postmodern music Postmodern music is either simply music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetical and philosophical trends of postmodernism. As the name suggests, the postmodernist movement formed partly in reaction to modernism...
Paul McCartney Paul McCartney Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE, Hon RAM, FRCM is an English musician, singer-songwriter and composer. Formerly of The Beatles and Wings , McCartney is listed in Guinness World Records as the "most successful musician and composer in popular music history", with 60 gold discs and sales of 100...	1942		English	Ecce Cor Meum Ecce Cor Meum Ecce Cor Meum is the fourth classical album by Paul McCartney. The album was released on 25 September 2006 by EMI Classics...	member of Beatles
John McGuire John McGuire (composer) John McGuire is an American composer, pianist, organist, and music editor.-Biography:John McGuire initially studied composition with Robert Gross at Occidental College, where he earned a BA in 1964. He received a succession of three Alfred E...	1942		American	Pulse Music III; A Capella	electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound... , fusion of serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of...  and minimalism Minimalism Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is set out to expose the essence, essentials or identity of a subject through eliminating all non-essential forms, features or concepts... , postminimalism Postminimalism Postminimalism is an art term coined by Robert Pincus-Witten in 1971 used in various artistic fields for work which is influenced by, or attempts to develop and go beyond, the aesthetic of minimalism...
Tomás Marco Tomás Marco Tomás Marco Aragón is a Spanish composer and writer on music.-Life and work:Marco studied violin and composition in Madrid while at the same time pursuing the study of law...	1942		Spanish	Concierto del agua, for guitar and orchestra; 5 symphonies; String Quartet No. 3 "Anatomía fractal de los ángeles"; Ojos verdes de luna	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , neoclassical Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , folk-influenced, eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,...
Horaţiu Rădulescu Horatiu Radulescu Horaţiu Rădulescu was a Romanian-French composer, best known for the spectral technique of composition.-Biography:Rădulescu was born in Bucharest, where he studied the violin privately with Nina Alexandrescu, a pupil of Enescu, and later studied composition at the Bucharest Academy of Music ,...	1942	2008	Romanian/French	six string quartets	spectralism Spectral music Spectral music is a musical composition practice where compositional decisions are often informed by the analysis of sound spectra. Computer-based sound spectrum analysis using tools like DFT, FFT, and spectrograms...
1942		English	The Tragedy of Man The Tragedy of Man The Tragedy of Man is a play written by the Hungarian author Imre Madách. It was first published in 1861. The play is considered to be one of the major works of Hungarian literature and is one of the most often staged Hungarian plays today. Many lines have become common quotations in Hungary... (opera); 9 symphonies	neoromantic
Daniel Börtz Daniel Börtz Daniel Börtz is a Swedish composer.He studied composition under Hilding Rosenberg, Karl-Birger Blomdahl and Ingvar Lidholm. Among his works are the operas Bacchanterna , Marie Antoinette and Goya .-References:*...	1943		Swedish
Joanna Bruzdowicz Joanna Bruzdowicz Joanna Bruzdowicz is a Polish composer.-Life:Bruzdowicz studied at the Warsaw Music High School, at the State Higher School of Music ; she earned her M.A. in 1966...	1943		Polish
Gavin Bryars Gavin Bryars Richard Gavin Bryars is an English composer and double bassist. He has been active in, or has produced works in, a variety of styles of music, including jazz, free improvisation, minimalism, historicism, experimental music, avant-garde and neoclassicism.-Early life and career:Born in Goole, East...	1943		English
Eleanor Cory Eleanor Cory Eleanor Cory is an American composer.Cory studied at Sarah Lawrence College, Harvard University, New England Conservatory, and Columbia University...	1943		American
William Duckworth	1943		American
Hugues Dufourt Hugues Dufourt Hugues Dufourt is a French composer and philosopher associated with the Spectral school of composition. Born in Lyon on September 28 1943, Dufourt studied piano and composition at the Geneva Conservatory....	1943			French
Dennis Eberhard Dennis Eberhard Dennis Eberhard was an American composer. In his youth he was crippled by polio, which contributed to respiratory problems that contributed to his death in 2005...	1943	2005	American
Ross Edwards Ross Edwards (composer) Ross Edwards is an Australian composer of a wide variety of music including orchestral and chamber music, choral music, children's music, opera and film music. He is not to be confused with a British up and coming singer-songwriter of the same name.-Life:Ross Edwards was born in Sydney...	1943		Australian
Margriet Ehlen Margriet Ehlen Margriet Ehlen is a Dutch poet and a composer, conductor and educator of classical music.-Life and career:She has composed for a large variety of instruments, yet is particularly active in composition for voice. These works extend from solo vocalists to choir music. Many of her compositions for...	1943		Dutch
Julio Estrada Julio Estrada Julio Estrada Velasco was born in Mexico City, April 10, 1943. His family was exiled from Spain in 1941. He is a composer, theoretician, historian, pedagogue, and interpreter.-Life:...	1943		Mexican
Brian Ferneyhough Brian Ferneyhough Brian John Peter Ferneyhough is an English composer. His music is characterized by the extensive use of complex rhythmic tuplet notation which features in all his works...	1943		English	Etudes Transcendantales Etudes Transcendantales Etudes Transcendantales is a song cycle in 9 movements for mezzo-soprano and chamber ensemble composed by Brian Ferneyhough between 1982 and 1985.-Background:...	New Complexity New Complexity In music, the New Complexity is a term dating from the 1980s, principally applied to composers seeking a "complex, multi-layered interplay of evolutionary processes occurring simultaneously within every dimension of the musical material" ....
Rolf Gehlhaar Rolf Gehlhaar Rolf Gehlhaar in Breslau , is an American composer.Gehlhaar is the son of a German rocket scientist, who emigrated to the United States in 1953 to work at a rocket-development research centre in New Mexico...	1943		American	Sub rosa; Five German Dances	electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound... , sound installation Sound installation Sound installation is an intermedia and time based art form. It is an expansion of an art installation in the sense that it includes the sound element and therefore the time element... s
Heinz Karl Gruber Heinz Karl Gruber Heinz Karl Gruber is an Austrian composer, bass player and singer, born in Vienna on 3 January 1943 and a leading figure of the so-called Third Viennese School.-Career:...	1943		Austrian	Frankenstein!!, Charivari, Aerial
Robin Holloway Robin Holloway Robin Greville Holloway is an English composer.-Early life:From 1952 to 1957, he was a chorister at St Paul's Cathedral...	1943		English
Bill Hopkins	1943	1981	English	En Attendant; Sensation
Bill McGlaughlin Bill McGlaughlin William "Bill" McGlaughlin is an American composer, conductor, music educator, and Peabody Award-winning classical music radio host...	1943		American	Remembering Icarus; Walt Whitman's Dream
Krzysztof Meyer Krzysztof Meyer Krzysztof Meyer is a Polish composer, pianist and music scholar.-Biography:Meyer was born in Cracow. As a boy he played piano and organ. He began his composition study early – in 1954, with Stanisław Wiechowicz...	1943		Polish	12 string quartets
Joseph Schwantner Joseph Schwantner Joseph C. Schwantner is a Pulitzer Prize winning American composer and educator and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters. He was awarded the 1970 Charles Ives Prize....	1943		American	Aftertones of Infinity; A Sudden Rainbow
Roger Smalley Roger Smalley Roger Smalley AM is a British-Australian composer, pianist and conductor. Professor Smalley is currently a Senior Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Western Australia in Perth and Honorary Research Associate at the University of Sydney.-Biography:Smalley was born in Swinton, Lancashire,...	1943		Australian (born English)	Pulses; 2 piano concertos	serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,...
Ivan Tcherepnin Ivan Tcherepnin Ivan Tcherepnin was an experimental, then later modernist/postmodernist, composer. He was born into a highly musical family, his father and grandfather, Alexander and Nikolai, being distinguished Russian composers, and his mother Ming a well-known pianist...	1943	1998	French-American
Michael Vetter Michael Vetter Michael Vetter is a German composer, novelist, poet, performer, calligrapher, artist, and teacher.-Biography:Vetter was born in Oberstdorf in the Allgäu region of Germany, and received a conventional school education...	1943		German	Missa Universalis	New Age New Age music New Age music is music of various styles intended to create artistic inspiration, relaxation, and optimism. It is used by listeners for yoga, massage, meditation, and reading as a method of stress management or to create a peaceful atmosphere in their home or other environments, and is often... , Zen Zen Zen is a school of Mahāyāna Buddhism founded by the Buddhist monk Bodhidharma. The word Zen is from the Japanese pronunciation of the Chinese word Chán , which in turn is derived from the Sanskrit word dhyāna, which can be approximately translated as "meditation" or "meditative state."Zen... -influenced
Gilbert Biberian Gilbert Biberian Gilbert Biberian is a British guitarist and composer.Born in Istanbul of Greek/Armenian descent, Mr Biberian's ethnic roots are integral to his compositions. He studied at Trinity College of Music, graduating in 1968. In 1965 a French Government grant took him to France to study with Ida Presti...	1944		British
Barry Conyngham Barry Conyngham Emeritus Professor Barry Conyngham AM is an Australian composer and academic. He has over seventy published works and over thirty recordings featuring his compositions, and his works have been premiered or performed in Australia, Japan, North and South America, the United Kingdom and Europe. His...	1944		Australian
Péter Eötvös Peter Eötvös Péter Eötvös is a Hungarian composer and conductor.Eötvös was born in Odorheiu Secuiesc/Székelyudvarhely, Szeklerland, Transylvania . He studied composition in Budapest and Cologne. From 1962, he composed for film in Hungary. Eötvös played regularly with the Stockhausen Ensemble between 1968 and...	1944		Hungarian	Love and Other Demons Love and Other Demons Love and Other Demons is an opera in two acts by Hungarian composer Péter Eötvös to a libretto by the Hungarian author Kornél Hamvai. It premiered on 10 August 2008 at the Glyndebourne Festival. The libretto is based on the novel Of Love and Other Demons by Gabriel García Márquez... (opera)	eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,... , extended technique Extended technique Extended techniques are performance techniques used in music to describe unconventional, unorthodox, or non-traditional techniques of singing, or of playing musical instruments to obtain unusual sounds or instrumental timbres.... , electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound... , folk-music influence
York Höller York Höller York Höller is a German composer and Professor of composition at the Hochschule für Musik Köln.-Biography:Between 1963 and 1970 Höller studied at the Cologne Musikhochschule: composition with Joachim Blume and Bernd Alois Zimmermann, piano with Else Schmitz-Gohrand Alfons Kontarsky, and orchestral...	1944		German	Schwarze Halbinseln; Der Meister und Margarita (opera)	electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound... , serialism Serialism In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as one example of... , Gestalt composition Formula composition Formula composition is a serially-derived technique encountered principally in the music of Karlheinz Stockhausen, involving the projection, expansion, and Ausmultiplikation of either a single melody-formula, or a two- or three-voice contrapuntal construction .In contrast to serial music, where the...
Karl Jenkins Karl Jenkins -Other works:*Adiemus: Live — live versions of Adiemus music*Palladio *Eloise *Imagined Oceans *The Armed Man: A Mass for Peace...	1944		Welsh	The Armed Man The Armed Man The Armed Man is a Mass by Welsh composer Karl Jenkins, subtitled "A Mass for Peace". The piece was commissioned by the Royal Armouries Museum for the Millennium celebrations, and to mark the museum's move from London to Leeds, and it was dedicated to victims of the Kosovo crisis... ; Adiemus Adiemus -Concept:Each Adiemus album is a collection of song-length pieces featuring harmonised vocal melody against an orchestral background. There are no lyrics as such: instead the vocalists sing syllables and 'words' invented by Jenkins... ; Requiem
Pehr Henrik Nordgren Pehr Henrik Nordgren Pehr Henrik Nordgren was a Finnish composer.-Life:Pehr Henrik Nordgren received composition lessons starting from 1958 in Helsinki and studied musicology at the university from 1962 to 1967, as well as receiving private tuition from Joonas Kokkonen from 1965 to 1969...	1944		Finnish
Michael Nyman Michael Nyman Michael Laurence Nyman, CBE is an English composer of minimalist music, pianist, librettist and musicologist, known for the many film scores he wrote during his lengthy collaboration with the filmmaker Peter Greenaway, and his multi-platinum soundtrack album to Jane Campion's The Piano...	1944		English	The Piano The Piano The Piano is a 1993 New Zealand drama film about a mute pianist and her daughter, set during the mid-19th century in a rainy, muddy frontier backwater on the west coast of New Zealand. The film was written and directed by Jane Campion, and stars Holly Hunter, Harvey Keitel, Sam Neill, and Anna Paquin... (film music)	Minimalism Minimalism Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is set out to expose the essence, essentials or identity of a subject through eliminating all non-essential forms, features or concepts...
Leif Segerstam Leif Segerstam Leif Segerstam is a Finnish conductor and composer.He studied violin, piano and conducting at the Sibelius Academy in Helsinki and conducting at the Juilliard School in New York with Jean Morel....	1944		Finnish	more than 150 symphonies
John Tavener John Tavener Sir John Tavener is a British composer, best known for such religious, minimal works as "The Whale", and "Funeral Ikos"...	1944		English		Holy minimalism Holy minimalism Holy minimalism, mystic minimalism, spiritual minimalism, or sacred minimalism are terms used to refer to a number of late-twentieth-century composers of Western classical music, whose works are distinguished by a minimalist compositional aesthetic and a distinctly religious or mystical subject...
Charles Amirkhanian Charles Amirkhanian Charles Amirkhanian is an American composer. He is a percussionist, sound poet, and radio producer of Armenian extraction. He is mostly known for his electroacoustic and text-sound music...	1945		American
Clarence Barlow Clarence Barlow Clarence Barlow is a composer of classical and electroacoustic works.-Biography:Barlow was born in Calcutta, a member of the anglophone minority, of British and Portuguese descent...	1945		British-Portuguese
Anthony Braxton Anthony Braxton Anthony Braxton is an American composer, saxophonist, clarinettist, flautist, pianist, and philosopher. Braxton has released well over 100 albums since the 1960s...	1945		American
Ole Buck Ole Buck Ole Buck is a Danish composer.Buck studied the piano from the age of twelve. He also made many early attempts at orchestral composition, eventually achieving a breakthrough at the age of 20 with Calligraphy for soprano and chamber orchestra...	1945		Danish
Boudewijn Buckinx Boudewijn Buckinx Boudewijn Buckinx is a Belgian composer and writer about music.Buckinx attended the Antwerp Conservatory, and from 1964 studied composition and serial music with Lucien Goethals in Ghent, where he also studied electronic music at the IPEM...	1945		Belgian
Luca Lombardi Luca Lombardi -Biography:Lombardi studied composition initially with Armando Renzi and Roberto Lupi, later enrolling at the Pesaro Conservatory where he studied with Boris Porena, receiving his diploma in 1970. He then studied musicology at the University of Rome, graduating with a thesis on Hanns Eisler...	1945		Italian
Keith Jarrett Keith Jarrett Keith Jarrett is an American pianist and composer who performs both jazz and classical music.Jarrett started his career with Art Blakey, moving on to play with Charles Lloyd and Miles Davis. Since the early 1970s he has enjoyed a great deal of success in jazz, jazz fusion, and classical music; as...	1945		American
Johnterryl Plumeri	1945		American
John Rutter John Rutter John Milford Rutter CBE is a British composer, conductor, editor, arranger and record producer, mainly of choral music.-Biography:Born in London, Rutter was educated at Highgate School, where a fellow pupil was John Tavener. He read music at Clare College, Cambridge, where he was a member of the...	1945		English	choral music
Barry Schrader Barry Schrader Barry Schrader is an American composer specializing in electro-acoustic music. His compositions for electronics, dance, film, video, mixed media, live/electro-acoustic music combinations, and real-time computer performance have been presented throughout the world...	1945		American		electro-acoustic
Barbara Benary Barbara Benary Barbara Benary is an American composer and ethnomusicologist specializing in Indonesian and Indian music.In 1976 she co-founded Gamelan Son of Lion with Philip Corner and Daniel Goode; she also constructed most of the group's instruments...	1946		German	5 symphonies
Anne Boyd Anne Boyd Anne Elizabeth Boyd AM is an Australian composer and Professor of Music at the University of Sydney.-Early life:Anne Boyd was born in Sydney to James Boyd and Annie Freda Deason Boyd ....	1946		Australian
Suzanne Ciani Suzanne Ciani Suzanne Ciani is an Italian American pianist and music composer who found early success with innovative electronic music.-Education:...	1946		Italian American		electronic music
Pierre Even Pierre Even Pierre Even is a Luxembourgian composer.He is a descendant of the Even family from Beaufort, Luxembourg and Metz...	1946		Luxembourgian
Michael Finnissy Michael Finnissy Michael Finnissy is an English composer and pianist. His music is characterised by the range of extremes often found in his work; opposing binary structures are found commonly, often seen as juxtaposing textures, register and tempi...	1946		American
Zsolt Gárdonyi Zsolt Gárdonyi Zsolt Gárdonyi is a German-Hungarian composer, organist and music theorist. He is the son of Zoltán Gárdonyi.-Professional career:...	1946		Hungarian German	Magnificat, Mozart Changes (organ)
Pēteris Vasks Peteris Vasks Pēteris Vasks is a Latvian composer.Vasks was born in Aizpute, Latvia, into the family of a Baptist pastor. He trained as a violinist at the Jazeps Vitols Latvian Academy of Music, as a double-bass player with Vitautas Sereikaan at the Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theatre, and played in several...	1946		Latvian
Diderik Wagenaar Diderik Wagenaar Diderik Wagenaar is a Dutch composer and musical theorist.-Life and work:Wagenaar has lived and worked all his adult life in The Hague. Born to a musical family that includes Johan Wagenaar, he began playing piano at the age of eight and by the time he was fourteen had set his sights on a musical...	1946		Dutch
Heinz Winbeck Heinz Winbeck Heinz Winbeck is a German composer and an academic teacher. He is known for five large scale symphonies.-Professional career:...	1946		German	5 symphonies
Richard St. Clair Richard St. Clair Richard St. Clair is an American composer, pedagogue, and pianist.-Life History and Musical Career:Richard St. Clair, a noted American musician, is descended from both Franco-Scottish roots on his father's side, and Norwegian-Swedish roots on his mother's side...	1946		American	The Lamentations of Shinran; Album of Ragtime Pieces for Piano; Love-Canzonettes for Chorus; Piano Sonatas	Neoromanticism Neoromanticism (music) Neoromanticism in music is a return to the emotional expression associated with nineteenth-century Romanticism. Since the mid-1970s the term has come to be identified with neoconservative postmodernism, especially in Germany, Austria, and the United States, with composers such as Wolfgang Rihm and...
John Adams	1947		American	Nixon in China Nixon in China (opera) Nixon in China is an opera in three acts by John Adams, with a libretto by Alice Goodman. Adams' first opera, it was inspired by the 1972 visit to China by US President Richard Nixon. The work premiered at the Houston Grand Opera on October 22, 1987, in a production by Peter Sellars with... (opera); Harmonielehre; Shaker Loops Shaker Loops Written in 1978 by the American composer John Adams, Shaker Loops was originally written for string septet. A version for string orchestra followed in 1983 and first performed in April of that year at Alice Tully Hall New York, by the American Composers Orchestra conducted by Michael Tilson... , Short Ride in a Fast Machine Short Ride in a Fast Machine Short Ride in a Fast Machine is a musical piece composed by John Adams. The piece has now become one of the most frequently requested and performed encores in American concert-halls... ; Violin Concerto Violin Concerto (John Adams) The Violin Concerto by the American composer John Adams was written in 1993. It was premiered in 1994 by Jorja Fleezanis with the Minnesota Orchestra. Fleezanis also collaborated with Adams in writing the violin solo....	Post-minimalism
Franghiz Ali-Zadeh Franghiz Ali-Zadeh Franghiz Ali-Zadeh is an Azerbaijani composer and pianist, currently living in Germany. She is best known for her works which combine the musical tradition of the Azerbaijani mugam and 20th century Western compositional techniques, especially those of Arnold Schönberg and Gara Garayev...	1947		Azerbaijani
Laurie Anderson Laurie Anderson Laura Phillips "Laurie" Anderson is an American experimental performance artist, composer and musician who plays violin and keyboards and sings in a variety of experimental music and art rock styles. Initially trained as a sculptor, Anderson did her first performance-art piece in the late 1960s...	1947		American
John S. Hilliard John S. Hilliard John Stanley Hilliard is an American composer.Born into a family of musical amateurs, John Hilliard began his musical training by studying piano at the age of 6 from his cousin, a local piano teacher...	1947		American
Tristan Murail Tristan Murail Tristan Murail is a French composer. His father, Gérard Murail, is a poet and his mother, Marie-Thérèse Barrois, a journalist. One of his brothers, Lorris Murail, and his younger sister Elvire Murail, aka Moka, also write, and his younger sister Marie-Aude Murail is a French children's writer...	1947		French	Gondwana	spectral music Spectral music Spectral music is a musical composition practice where compositional decisions are often informed by the analysis of sound spectra. Computer-based sound spectrum analysis using tools like DFT, FFT, and spectrograms...
Karl Aage Rasmussen Karl Aage Rasmussen Karl Aage Rasmussen is a Danish composer and writer.Quotation and particularly collage played an important role in his music from the early 70s, but increasingly he used pre-existing musical material in new connections and for new purposes, most often in a densely woven montage of small idioms...	1947		Danish
Emil Tabakov Emil Tabakov Emil Tabakov is a Bulgarian conductor, composer, and double-bass player. He is the former chief conductor of the Belgrade Philharmonic Orchestra and Bilkent Symphony Orchestra. He has composed seven symphonies, instrumental concertos, and a requiem to date....	1947		Bulgarian
Paul Patterson Paul Patterson Paul Patterson is a British composer and Manson Professor of Composition at the Royal Academy of Music.Patterson studied trombone and composition at the Royal Academy of Music. He returned there to become Head of Composition and Contemporary Music until 1997, when he became Manson Professor of...	1947		English
Michael Berkeley Michael Berkeley Michael Berkeley is a British composer and broadcaster on music.-Early life:His father was the composer Sir Lennox Berkeley...	1948		English
Stephen Brown Stephen Brown (composer) Stephen John Brown is a Canadian composer. He holds ARCT Diplomas in both Theory and Composition from the Royal Conservatory of Music and is an Associate of the Canadian Music Centre...	1948		Canadian
Glenn Branca Glenn Branca Glenn Branca is an American avant-garde composer and guitarist known for his use of volume, alternative guitar tunings, repetition, droning, and the harmonic series. In 2008 he was awarded an unrestricted grant from the Foundation for Contemporary Arts.-Beginnings: 1960s and early 1970s:Branca...	1948		American		avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
Diana Burrell Diana Burrell Diana Burrell is an English composer.-Life and career:She was born in Norwich and attended Norwich High School for Girls before studying music at Cambridge University. She began her career as a viola player, but soon became well known for her compositions and became a full-time composer.Her first...	1948		English
Brian Eno Brian Eno Brian Peter George St. John le Baptiste de la Salle Eno , commonly known as Brian Eno or simply as Eno , is an English musician, composer, record producer, singer and visual artist, known as one of the principal innovators of ambient music.Eno studied at Colchester Institute art school in Essex,...	1948		English		ambient music Ambient music Ambient music is a musical genre that focuses largely on the timbral characteristics of sounds, often organized or performed to evoke an "atmospheric", "visual" or "unobtrusive" quality.- History :... , minimalism Minimalism Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is set out to expose the essence, essentials or identity of a subject through eliminating all non-essential forms, features or concepts...
Julia Tsenova Julia Tsenova Julia Tsenova , born in Sofia, Bulgaria, was an award-winning Bulgarian composer, pianist and musical pedagogue. She died of cancer at the age of 61.-Life and career:...	1948	2010	Bulgarian	Sinfonia con piano concertante; Endless Circle for string quintet; Musica Solitudinis; Four songs, to poems by Emily Dickinson
Claude Vivier Claude Vivier -Biography:Born to unknown parents in Montreal, Vivier was adopted at the age of three by a poor French-Canadian family. From the age of thirteen, he attended boarding schools run by the Marist Brothers, a religious order that prepared young boys for a vocation in the priesthood. At the age of...	1948	1983	Canadian	Kopernikus: Rituel de la Mort (opera)	spectral music Spectral music Spectral music is a musical composition practice where compositional decisions are often informed by the analysis of sound spectra. Computer-based sound spectrum analysis using tools like DFT, FFT, and spectrograms... , Asian-music influence
Kalevi Aho Kalevi Aho Kalevi Aho is a Finnish composer.- Career :Born in Forssa, he studied composition at the Sibelius Academy under Einojuhani Rautavaara, receiving a diploma in 1971. He continued his studies for a year in Berlin with Boris Blacher...	1949		Finnish	14 symphonies
Daniel Catán Daniel Catán Daniel Catán was a Mexican composer of Russian Sephardic Jewish descent known particularly for his operas and his creative friendship with the tenor Plácido Domingo.-Career:...	1949		Mexican	Florencia en el Amazonas Florencia en el Amazonas Florencia en el Amazonas is an opera in two acts composed by Daniel Catán. It contains elements of magical realism in the style of Gabriel García Márquez and uses a libretto by Marcela Fuentes-Berain, one of his pupils... (opera); Rappaccini's Daughter (opera)	Neo-impressionism
John Casken John Casken John Casken is an English composer, born in Barnsley, Yorkshire, England.Casken read music at the University of Birmingham, studying composition and contemporary music with John Joubert and Peter Dickinson. He then went on to study in Poland with Andrzej Dobrowolski on a Polish government...	1949		English
Dan Locklair Dan Locklair Dan Locklair is an American composer. He holds the position of Composer-in-Residence at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina where he is also a Professor of Music...	1949		American
Christopher Rouse	1949		American	Requiem; Karolju; Phantasmata; Gorgon; Oboe Concerto; 2 symphonies
Poul Ruders Poul Ruders Poul Ruders is a Danish composer.Ruders trained as an organist, and studied orchestration with Karl Aage Rasmussen. Ruders's first compositions date from the mid-1960s...	1949		Danish
Steven Stucky Steven Stucky Steven Stucky is a Pulitzer Prize-winning American composer.Stucky was born in Hutchinson, Kansas. At age 9, he moved with his family to Abilene, Texas, where, as a teenager, he studied music in the public schools and, privately, viola with Herbert Preston, conducting with Leo Scheer, and...	1949		American	Son et Lumière; Concerto for Orchestra No. 2; Rhapsodies; August 4, 1964
Kevin Volans Kevin Volans Kevin Volans is a composer associated with the post-minimalist movement in contemporary composition. He was born in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa on July 6, 1949, and even though he has spent most of his life outside his native country, is the best known South African composer active today.In...	1949		South African	Hunting Gathering
Beth Anderson Beth Anderson Beth Anderson is an American neo-romantic composer. She studied with John Cage, Terry Riley, Robert Ashley, and Larry Austin, among others. She was born in Lexington, Kentucky, USA and grew up in Mt. Sterling, Kentucky...	1950		American
Elena Firsova Elena Firsova Elena Olegovna Firsova is a Russian composer.-Life:She was born in Leningrad into the family of physicists Oleg Firsov and Viktoria Lichko. She studied music in Moscow with Alexander Pirumov, Yuri Kholopov, Edison Denisov and Philip Herschkowitz...	1950		Russian	The Nightingale and the Rose
Arturo Márquez Arturo Márquez Arturo Márquez is a renowned Mexican composer of orchestra music who is well known for using musical forms and styles of his native Mexico and incorporating them into his compositions.-Life:...	1950		Mexican	Danzón no. 2 Danzon no. 2 Danzón No. 2 for orchestra is a composition by prominent Mexican composer Arturo Márquez. It is, along with José Pablo Moncayo's Huapango, Carlos Chávez's Sinfonia India and Silvestre Revueltas' Sensemaya, one of the most popular and significant frequently performed Mexican contemporary classical...
William Sweeney William Sweeney (composer) -Biography:Born in Glasgow, he attended Knightswood Secondary School. He studied the clarinet and composition at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama from 1967 to 1970, and at the Royal Academy of Music from 1970 to 1973, where his teachers included Alan Hacker and Harrison Birtwistle. He...	1950		Scottish		folk-influenced
Aivars Kalējs Aivars Kalējs Aivars Kalējs is a Latvian organist and organ composer.He is organist at the Dome Cathedral in Riga and chief organist for the New St. Gertrudes Lutheran Church. He tours internationally and has participated in dozens of international organ festivals in the US, Belgium, Italy, Germany, Denmark,...	1951		Latvian		Sacred music; Neoromanticism
Lorenzo Ferrero Lorenzo Ferrero Lorenzo Ferrero is a contemporary Italian composer with a predilection for opera, a librettist, author, and book editor. He started composing at an early age and wrote over a hundred compositions thus far, including twelve operas, three ballets, and numerous orchestral, chamber music, solo...	1951		Italian	12 operas; 3 ballets; 2 piano concertos; triple concerto
Francisco Guerrero Marín Francisco Guerrero Marín Francisco Guerrero Marín was a Spanish composer. He was born in Linares and died in Madrid.During his life-time, he completed several compositions, among which there are five major works for orchestra: Antar Atman , Ariadna , Sahara , Oleada and Coma Berenices...	1951	1997	Spanish
Michael Rosenzweig Michael Rosenzweig (composer) Michael Rosenzweig, born 1951 in Oranjezicht , a district of Cape Town, is a South African composer, conductor and jazz musician.-Education:...	1951		South African	Symphony in One Movement; String Quartet No. 2
Doina Rotaru Doina Rotaru Doina Rotaru is a Romanian composer of mostly orchestral and chamber works that have been performed throughout the world. Rotaru studied at the National University of Music and is currently a professor of composition at the same institution.-External links:* * at The Living Composers Project....	1951		Romanian	Concerto for clarinet and orchestra; Florilegium, concerto for flute and flutes orchestra; Wings of Light for 24 flutists
George Tsontakis George Tsontakis George Tsontakis is an American composer and conductor.Tsontakis studied composition with Hugo Weisgall and Roger Sessions at the Juilliard School from 1974 to 1978, and later with Franco Donatoni at the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia in Rome...	1951		American
Judith Bingham Judith Bingham Judith Bingham is a British composer and mezzo-soprano singer.Born in Nottingham in 1952 and educated at High Storrs Grammar School for Girls in Sheffield, she attended the Royal Academy of Music , where her teachers were Malcolm MacDonald, Eric Fenby, Alan Bush and John Hall , and Jean...	1952		British
Max Beckschäfer Max Beckschäfer Max Beckschäfer is a German organist, composer and academic.- Professional career :Beckschäfer took classes at the Richard-Strauss-Konservatorium in Munich in organ, piano, violin and choral conducting. He studied church music at the Musikhochschule München and continued studying composition with...	1952		German	Michelangelo-Fragmente, vocal music	also academic for music theory
Rhys Chatham Rhys Chatham Rhys Chatham is an American composer, guitarist, and trumpet player, primarily active in avant-garde and minimalist music. He is best known for his "guitar orchestra" compositions...	1952		American		avant-garde, minimalism
Tina Davidson Tina Davidson -Background:Davidson was born in Stockholm, Sweden in 1952, and was raised in Oneonta, New York and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. She received her BA in piano and composition from Bennington College in 1976 where she studied with Henry Brant, Louis Calabro, Vivian Fine and Lionel Nowak.She founded the...	1952		American
Richard Einhorn Richard Einhorn Richard Einhorn is a modern classical composer.Graduated summa cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa from Columbia University in New York City in 1975, studied composition and electronic music with Jack Beeson, Vladimir Ussachevsky, and Mario Davidovsky....	1952		American	Voices of Light Voices of Light Voices of Light is a 1994 musical composition by Richard Einhorn. It was inspired by the silent film The Passion of Joan of Arc directed by Carl Theodor Dreyer. Live performances of the composition have accompanied screenings of the film... (oratorio); The Origin (opera/oratorio)
Reinhard Febel Reinhard Febel Reinhard Febel is a German composer, notable for his operas. He is also a music theorist and a university professor at the Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien Hannover and the Mozarteum.-Career:...	1952		German	opera Sekunden und Jahre des Caspar Hauser, Wolkenstein, Sinfonie
Heiner Goebbels Heiner Goebbels Heiner Goebbels is a German composer, music director and professor at Justus-Liebig-University in Gießen and at the European Graduate School in Saas-Fee, Switzerland....	1952		German
Oliver Knussen Oliver Knussen Oliver Knussen CBE is a British composer and conductor.-Biography:Oliver Knussen was born in Glasgow, Scotland. His father, Stuart Knussen, was principal double bass of the London Symphony Orchestra. Oliver Knussen studied composition with John Lambert, between 1963 and 1969 and also received...	1952		British	Where the Wild Things Are Where the Wild Things Are (opera) Where the Wild Things Are is a 'fantasy' opera in one act by Oliver Knussen, his Opus 20, to a libretto by Maurice Sendak, based on Sendak's own children's book of the same title... (opera)
Gerd Kühr Gerd Kühr Gerd Kühr, also Gerd Kuhr, is an Austrian conductor, composer of classical music and academic teacher....	1952		German	operas Stallerhof, Tod und Teufel
Philippe Manoury Philippe Manoury Philippe Manoury is a French composer.-Biography:Philippe Manoury was born in Tulle. His first composition studies were at the Ecole Normale de Musique de Paris, with Gérard Condé and Max Deutsch. He continued his studies from 1974 to 1978 at the Conservatoire de Paris with Michel Philippot, Ivo...	1952		French	60th Parallel (opera)
Dominic Muldowney Dominic Muldowney Dominic Muldowney is a British composer.-Biography:He studied at the universities of Southampton and York , and took private lessons with Harrison Birtwistle. From 1974 to 1976 he was composer-in-residence to the Southern Arts Association...	1952		English
Alla Pavlova Alla Pavlova Alla Pavlova is a Russian composer of Ukrainian origin, best known for her symphonic work. Pavlova currently resides in Brooklyn, New York.-Soviet life:...	1952		Russian
Wolfgang Rihm Wolfgang Rihm Wolfgang Rihm is a German composer.Rihm is Head of the Institute of Modern Music at the Karlsruhe Conservatory of Music and has been composer in residence at the Lucerne Festival and the Salzburg Festival...	1952		German	12 string quartets; Die Eroberung von Mexico (opera)	New Simplicity New Simplicity New Simplicity was a stylistic tendency amongst some of the younger generation of German composers in the late 1970s and early 1980s, reacting against not only the European avant garde of the 1950s and 1960s, but also against the broader tendency toward objectivity found from the beginning of the... , expressionism
Kaija Saariaho Kaija Saariaho Kaija Saariaho is a Finnish composer.Kaija Saariaho studied composition in Helsinki, Freiburg and Paris, where she has lived since 1982. Her studies and research at IRCAM have had a major influence on her music and her characteristically luxuriant and mysterious textures are often created by...	1952		Finnish	L’amour de loin; Adriana Mater Adriana Mater Adriana Mater is the second opera by the Finnish composer Kaija Saariaho, with a libretto in French by her frequent collaborator, Amin Maalouf. The National Opera of Paris and the Finnish National Opera jointly commissioned the opera. It received its world premiere at the Opéra Bastille on 3 April... ; La Passion de Simone La Passion de Simone La Passion de Simone is an oratorio composed by Kaija Saariaho to a libretto in French by Amin Maalouf with staging by Peter Sellars. The work, subtitled "a musical journey in 15 stations", centers on the life and writings of Simone Weil and was conceived in the Passion Play tradition with episodes...
Peter-Jan Wagemans Peter-Jan Wagemans Peter-Jan Wagemans is a Dutch composer.Wagemans studied organ , composition with Jan van Vlijmen and music theory at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague. After his studies he also worked with Klaus Huber in Freiburg.According to Wagemans' philosophy, music is shaped in the observation of the...	1952		Dutch
John Luther Adams John Luther Adams John Luther Adams is a composer whose music is inspired by nature, especially the landscapes of Alaska where he has lived since 1978.-Biography:...	1953		American	Various pieces inspired by Alaskan landscapes
Cornelis de Bondt Cornelis de Bondt Cornelis de Bondt is a Dutch composer. Born in The Hague, de Bondt attended the Royal Conservatory there and currently teaches composition and music theory at the same institution.-References:...	1953		Dutch
Wendy Mae Chambers Wendy Mae Chambers Wendy Mae Chambers is an American composer, currently living in Harvey Cedars, New Jersey. Chambers studied at Barnard College from 1971 to 1975, where she received her B.A. in music, and where she studied with Kenneth Cooper, Nicholas Roussakis, Jack Beeson and Charles Wuorinen. She earned her M.A...	1953		American
Chen Yi Chen Yi (composer) Chen Yi is a Chinese composer of contemporary classical music. She was the first Chinese woman to receive a Master of Arts in music composition from the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing. She is also a violinist....	1953		Chinese
Andrew Culver	1953
Jody Diamond Jody Diamond Jody Diamond is an American composer, performer, writer, publisher, editor, and educator. She specializes in traditional and new music for Indonesian gamelan and is active internationally as a scholar, performer, and publisher.-Biography:She received a B.A. from the University of California,...	1953		American
Violeta Dinescu Violeta Dinescu Violeta Dinescu is a Romanian composer, pianist and professor, living in Germany since 1982.-Romania:Violeta Dinescu began her studies of music in 1972 at the conservatory Ciprian Porumbescu in Bucharest, composition with Myriam Marbe. In 1978 she received her master's degree, with distinction...	1953		Romanian	Der 35. Mai (children's opera)
Arnold Dreyblatt Arnold Dreyblatt Arnold Dreyblatt is an American composer and visual artist. He studied music with Pauline Oliveros, La Monte Young, Alvin Lucier and media art with Steina and Woody Vasulka. He has been based in Berlin, Germany since 1984...	1953		American
David First David First David First is an American composer. His music most often deals with drones and interference beats, the latter aligning his music with that of Alvin Lucier...	1953		American
Peter Scott Lewis Peter Scott Lewis Peter Scott Lewis is an American composer of contemporary classical music. His works have been commissioned and/or performed by the Rotterdam Philharmonic; Chamber Symphony of Princeton; Berkeley Symphony; Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center; Alexander, Orion, and Ciompi String Quartets;...	1953
Wim Mertens Wim Mertens Wim Mertens is a Flemish Belgian composer, countertenor vocalist, pianist, guitarist, and musicologist.-Life and work:Mertens was born in Neerpelt, Belgium...	1953		Belgian	The Belly of an Architect (incl. Struggle for Pleasure), Maximizing the Audience	Minimalism Minimalism Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is set out to expose the essence, essentials or identity of a subject through eliminating all non-essential forms, features or concepts...
Roberto Sierra Roberto Sierra Roberto Sierra is a composer of contemporary classical music.Sierra studied composition in Europe, notably with György Ligeti in Hamburg, Germany...	1953		Puerto Rican	Missa Latina Missa Latina Missa Latina is a classical music composition written by the Puerto Rican composer Roberto Sierra. The work was written for SATB chorus with two soloists , and a symphonic orchestra. It was co-commissioned by the National Symphony Orchestra and The Choral Arts Society of Washington and was written...
James Wood James Wood (composer) James Wood is a British composer, percussionist and conductor -Life:James Wood studied organ in Cambridge. He also studied at the Royal Academy of Music...	1953		English	Stoicheia, Ho shang Yao	Microtonality, percussion, voice
Takashi Yoshimatsu Takashi Yoshimatsu is a contemporary Japanese composer of classical music. He is well known for composing the 2003 remake of Astro Boy.Takashi Yoshimatsu was born in Tokyo, Japan, and like Toru Takemitsu, the composer generally considered to be Japan's greatest in the western classical style, did not receive formal...	1953		Japanese	Symphony No. 2
John Zorn John Zorn John Zorn is an American avant-garde composer, arranger, record producer, saxophonist and multi-instrumentalist. Zorn is a prolific artist: he has hundreds of album credits as performer, composer, or producer...	1953		American		avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
Richard Blackford Richard Blackford Richard Blackford is an English composer.- Biography :Richard Blackford studied composition with John Lambert at the Royal College of Music and conducting with Norman del Mar. He spent a number of years as Henze’s assistant in Italy, where he received his first commissions while immersed in the...	1954		English
Sylvie Bodorová Sylvie Bodorová Sylvie Bodorová is a Czech composer.-Biography:Bodorová studied composition at the Janáček Academy of Music and Performing Arts in Brno and as a post-graduate later on at the Music Academy in Prague...	1954		Czech
Elisabetta Brusa Elisabetta Brusa Elisabetta Olga Laura Brusa is an Italian composer.Brusa was born in Milan, and as a child wrote 32 piano pieces. At the Milan Conservatory she formally studied composition with Bruno Bettinelli, and Azio Corghi, graduating in 1980...	1954		Italian
Robert Carl Robert Carl Robert Carl is an American composer who currently resides in Hartford, Connecticut, where he is chair of the composition department at the Hartt School of Music, University of Hartford.-Music:...	1954		American
Chan Wing-wah Chan Wing-wah Chan Wing-wah, JP is a Chinese conductor and composer. He is professor of music at the Chinese University of Hong Kong and president of the Composers and Authors Society of Hong Kong. He was also chairman of the Hong Kong Composers’ Guild, vice president of the Asian Composers’ League and board...	1954		Chinese
Nicolas Collins Nicolas Collins Nicolas Collins is a composer of mostly electronic music and former student of Alvin Lucier. He received a B.A. and M.A...	1954		American		electronic music
Michael Daugherty Michael Daugherty Michael Kevin Daugherty is an American composer, pianist, and teacher. Influenced by popular culture, Romanticism, and Postmodernism, Daugherty is one of the most colorful and widely performed American concert music composers of his generation...	1954		American	UFO
Paul Dirmeikis Paul Dirmeikis Paul Dirmeikis is a Francophone poet, composer, singer, and painter who lives in Brittany. He is of Lithuanian ancestry , and a member of the Lithuanian Composers Union....	1954		American	Message laisse á Pondichéry le 18 novembre 1973	eclectic Eclecticism in music Eclecticism is used to describe a composer's conscious use of styles alien to his nature, or from one or more historical styles. The term is also used pejoratively to describe music whose composer, thought to be lacking originality, appears to have freely drawn on other models .-Sources:* Kennedy,...
Joël-François Durand Joël-François Durand Joël-François Durand is a French composer.-Biography:Born in Orléans, Durand studied mathematics, music education and piano in Paris, then composition with Brian Ferneyhough in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany , and at Stony Brook University, New York, with Arel and Semegen...	1954		French
Elliot Goldenthal Elliot Goldenthal Elliot Goldenthal is an American composer of contemporary classical music. He was a student of Aaron Copland and John Corigliano, and is best known for his distinctive style and ability to blend various musical styles and techniques in original and inventive ways...	1954		American
Arturo Rodas Arturo Rodas - Biography:Rodas studied at the National Conservatory in Quito, took private composition lessons with Gerardo Guevara, and also graduated in Law at the Universidad Central del Ecuador. Between 1978 and 1980 he was assistant to the French composer José Berghmans in Quito and Paris. He studied at...	1954		Franco-Ecuadorian	Arcaica, a concerto for percussion & orchestra; 24.5 Preludes for piano; El Árbol de los Pájaros (The birds tree): opera "for the voice of the instruments"	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.... , polystylism Polystylism Polystylism is the use of multiple styles or techniques in literature, art, film, or, especially, music, and is a postmodern characteristic.Some prominent contemporary polystylist composers include Peter Maxwell Davies, Michael Colgrass, Lera Auerbach, Sofia Gubaidulina, George Rochberg, Alfred...
Paweł Szymański	1954		Polish
Pascal Dusapin Pascal Dusapin Pascal Dusapin , is a French composer born in Nancy. He is one of France's best-known living composers; his works have been performed worldwide....	1955		French	Perelà, uomo di fumo Perelà, uomo di fumo Perelà, uomo di fumo is an opera in ten chapters composed by Pascal Dusapin. Dusapin himself wrote the Italian libretto, based on the novel, Il codice Perelà by the Italian Futurist writer, Aldo Palazzeschi... (opera)
Roland Dyens Roland Dyens Roland Dyens is a French classical guitarist, composer, and arranger.Dyens studied guitar with the Spanish classical guitarist Alberto Ponce and analysis with Désiré Dondeyne. He has won several prizes in competitions for classical guitar performance as well as for composition...	1955		Tunisian-French
Ludovico Einaudi Ludovico Einaudi Ludovico Einaudi OMRI is an Italian contemporary music composer and pianist.-Biography:Born in Turin, Italy, Einaudi's mother played to him on the piano as a child. He began his musical training at the Conservatorio Verdi in Milan, gaining a diploma in composition in 1982...	1955		Italian		minimalism
Diamanda Galás Diamanda Galás Diamanda Galás is an American avant-garde composer, vocalist, pianist, organist, performance artist and painter.Galás has been described as "capable of the most unnerving vocal terror", with her three and a half octave vocal range. She often screams, hisses and growls...	1955		Greek-American
Kyle Gann Kyle Gann Kyle Eugene Gann is an American professor of music, critic and composer born in Dallas, Texas. As a critic for The Village Voice and other publications he has been a supporter of progressive music including such Downtown movements as postminimalism and totalism.- As composer :As a composer his...	1955		American		Just intonation Just intonation In music, just intonation is any musical tuning in which the frequencies of notes are related by ratios of small whole numbers. Any interval tuned in this way is called a just interval. The two notes in any just interval are members of the same harmonic series...
Toshio Hosokawa Toshio Hosokawa is a Japanese composer of contemporary classical music.-Biography:Hosokawa studied with Yun Isang at the Berlin University of the Arts. Since 1998, Hosokawa has served as Composer-in-Residence at the Tokyo Symphony Orchestra. In 2004, Hosokawa became a guest professor at Tokyo College of Music...	1955		Japanese	Vision of Lear (opera), Circulating Ocean, Voiceless Voice in Hiroshima	Neo-impressionism
Michael Obst Michael Obst (composer) Michael Obst is a German composer and pianist.-Life:At first Obst studied music education from 1973 to 1978 in Mainz, and from 1977 to 1982 studied piano with Alfons Kontarsky and Aloys Kontarsky at the Hochschule für Musik Köln, where he sat his piano examination in 1982...	1955		German	Solaris (opera)	electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Bright Sheng Bright Sheng Bright Sheng is a Chinese-American composer, conductor, and pianist. He has lived in the United States since 1982 and is on faculty at the University of Michigan. In 1999, the White House commissioned Sheng to compose a piece to honor the Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji at a state dinner hosted by...	1955		Chinese	The Silver River The Silver River See also: The Princess and the CowherdThe Silver River is a chamber opera in one act, composed by Bright Sheng, with libretto by playwright David Henry Hwang. It was first performed at the Santa Fe, New Mexico Chamber Music Festival in 1997... (opera)	folk-influenced
Ian Venables Ian Venables Ian Venables is a British composer of songs and chamber music.-Biography:Ian Venables was born in Liverpool in 1955 and was educated at Liverpool Collegiate Grammar School. He studied music with Professor Richard Arnell at Trinity College of Music, London and later with Andrew Downes, John Mayer...	1955		English	Songs of Eternity and Sorrow (vocal), Remember This (vocal)	Tonal
Eduardo Alonso-Crespo Eduardo Alonso-Crespo Eduardo Alonso-Crespo is an Argentine composer of classical music.- Biography :Argentine composer and conductor Eduardo Alonso-Crespo was born in San Miguel de Tucumán in 1956, and grew up in the neighboring city of Salta, in Northwestern Argentina...	1956		Argentine
Javier Álvarez	1956		Mexican
Sally Beamish Sally Beamish Sally Beamish is a British composer of chamber, vocal, choral and orchestral music. She has also worked in the field of music theatre, film and television, as well as composing for children and for her local community....	1956		British
Richard Danielpour Richard Danielpour Richard Danielpour is an American composer.-Biography:Danielpour is born of Persian/Jewish descent. He studied at Oberlin College and the New England Conservatory of Music, and later at the Juilliard School of Music, where he received a DMA in composition in 1986...	1956		American	Margaret Garner Margaret Garner (opera) Margaret Garner is an American opera loosely based on actual events in the life of runaway slave Margaret Garner. It was co-commissioned by the Michigan Opera Theatre, Cincinnati Opera and Opera Company of Philadelphia. The music was composed by Richard Danielpour with a libretto in English by... (opera)
Daniel Dorff Daniel Dorff Daniel Dorff is an American composer, and is regarded as one of the most influential of his generation...	1956		American
Anne Dudley Anne Dudley Anne Dudley is an English composer and pop musician, and was the first BBC Concert Orchestra's Composer in Association in 2001. She has worked in both the classical and pop genres. She is perhaps best known, however, as one of the core members of the synthpop band Art of Noise and also as a film...	1956		English		film score Film score A film score is original music written specifically to accompany a film, forming part of the film's soundtrack, which also usually includes dialogue and sound effects...
Dror Elimelech Dror Elimelech Dror Elimelech is an Israeli psychiatrist, psychotherapist, and poet, and a composer and performer of contemporary classical music....	1956		Israeli
Vladimír Godár Vladimír Godár Vladimír Godár is a Slovak composer who is active in the fields of contemporary classical music and film music. He is also known for his collaboration with the Czech violinist, singer and composer Iva Bittová. As an academic, he is a writer, editor and translator of books on historical music...	1956		Slovak
Michael Gordon Michael Gordon (composer) Michael Gordon is an American composer and co-founder of the Bang on a Can festival and ensemble. His music is associated with the genres of totalism and post-minimalism.-Early life:...	1956		American
Philip Grange Philip Grange Philip Grange is an English composer.Grange was born in London. He attended Peter Maxwell Davies’s classes at Dartington, and then took further, private, lessons with Davies while at The University of York, where he also studied composition with David Blake...	1956		English
Jouni Kaipainen Jouni Kaipainen Jouni Kaipainen is a Finnish composer.Kaipainen was born in Helsinki. He studied at the Sibelius Academy in Helsinki under Aulis Sallinen and Paavo Heininen.- Works for the Stage :...	1956		Finnish
Graeme Koehne Graeme Koehne Graeme Koehne is an Australian composer and music educator. He is best known for his orchestral and ballet scores, which are characterised by direct communicative style and embrace of triadic tonality...	1956		Australian	Inflight Entertainment (oboe concerto); Tivoli Dances
Laurence Traiger Laurence Traiger Laurence Traiger is an American composer. Originally from Bellmore, Long Island, New York, he has studied and worked in Europe since 1976...	1956		American
Gheorghi Arnaoudov	1957		Bulgarian		minimalism
Charles Roland Berry Charles Roland Berry Charles Roland Berry is an American composer. He studied music history and music composition at the University of California with and Peter Racine Fricker. Mr. Fricker taught him the intricate details of serialist music, and to discipline his musical imagination...	1957		American
Linda Bouchard Linda Bouchard Linda Bouchard is a Canadian composer and conductor.-Biography:She was raised in Montreal. She has a BA in music and an MMus in composition . Her teachers were Harvey Sollberger , David Gilbert and Arthur Weisberg , and Henry Brant...	1957		Canadian
Mary Ellen Childs Mary Ellen Childs Mary Ellen Childs is an American composer and multimedia artist and founder of the ensemble Crash...	1957		American
Chaya Czernowin Chaya Czernowin Chaya Czernowin is an Israeli composer, and Walter Bigelow Rosen Professor of Music at Harvard University....	1957		Israeli
Andrew Ford Andrew Ford Andrew Ford is an English and Australian composer, writer and radio presenter.He was Composer-in-residence with the Australian Chamber Orchestra , held the Peggy Glanville-Hicks Composer Fellowship from 1998 to 2000 and was awarded a two-year fellowship by the Music Board of the Australia Council...	1957		English-born Australian
Ellen Fullman Ellen Fullman Ellen Fullman is a composer, instrument builder, and performer. She was born in Memphis, Tennessee, and is currently based in the San Francisco Bay Area...	1957		American
David Lang David Lang (composer) David Lang is an American composer living in New York City. He was awarded the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Music for The Little Match Girl Passion.-Biography:...	1957		American	The Little Match Girl Passion
Paul Moravec Paul Moravec Paul Moravec is an American composer and a University Professor at Adelphi University on Long Island, New York...	1957		American	Spiritdance; Chamber Symphony; Tempest Fantasy; The Time Gallery
Gerhard Präsent Gerhard Präsent Gerhard Präsent is an Austrian composer, conductor and academic.-Professional career:Gerhard Präsent studied from 1976 at the Musikhochschule Graz, composition with Iván Erőd and conducting with Milan Horvat. He graduated in 1982 in composition and in 1985 in conducting, in both subjects with...	1957		Austrian	Himmelslicht; Missa minima; Trio intricato
Gerhard Schedl Gerhard Schedl Gerhard Schedl was an Austrian composer.-Professional career:Gerhard Schedl was born in Vienna and began composing during his childhood. In 1976 he began his professional studies with Erich Urbanner at the University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna. He graduated with distinction in 1980. He...	1957	2000	Austrian	Slow, Cello Concerto
Tan Dun Tan Dun Tan Dun is a Chinese contemporary classical composer, most widely known for his scores for the movies Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Hero.-Early life in China:...	1957		Chinese	Water Passion after St. Matthew; Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon is a 2000 wuxia film. An American-Chinese-Hong Kong-Taiwanese co-production, the film was directed by Ang Lee and featured an international cast of ethnic Chinese actors, including Chow Yun-Fat, Michelle Yeoh, Zhang Ziyi, and Chang Chen... (film music)	Extended technique Extended technique Extended techniques are performance techniques used in music to describe unconventional, unorthodox, or non-traditional techniques of singing, or of playing musical instruments to obtain unusual sounds or instrumental timbres.... , folk-influenced
Eve Beglarian Eve Beglarian Eve Beglarian is a contemporary American composer, performer and audio producer of Armenian descent...	1958		American
Karl Gottfried Brunotte Karl Gottfried Brunotte Karl Gottfried Brunotte is a German composer and music philosopher, particularly noted for his contributions to church music.-Biography:Brunotte finished school in Bad Homburg...	1958		German
Oscar van Dillen Oscar van Dillen Oscar Ignatius Joannes van Dillen is a Dutch composer, conductor, and instrumentalist.-Education:Van Dillen studied North-Indian classical music with Jamaluddin Bhartiya at the Tritantri School in Amsterdam and bansuri with Gurbachan Singh Sachdev at the Bansuri School of Music in Berkeley,...	1958		Dutch
Suzanne Giraud Suzanne Giraud Suzanne Giraud is a French music educator and composer of contemporary music.-Biography:Suzanne Giraud was born in Metz and grew up in Strasbourg, where she began to study music for piano, violin, viola and music theory before entering the Paris Conservatoire. There she studied harmony,...	1958		French
Magnus Lindberg Magnus Lindberg Magnus Lindberg is a Finnish composer and pianist. He is currently the composer-in-residence at the New York Philharmonic.-Education:...	1958		Finnish	Kraft; Clarinet Concerto
Esa-Pekka Salonen Esa-Pekka Salonen Esa-Pekka Salonen is a Finnish orchestral conductor and composer. He is currently Principal Conductor and Artistic Advisor of the Philharmonia Orchestra in London and Conductor Laureate of the Los Angeles Philharmonic.-Early career:...	1958		Finnish	LA Variations; Insomnia
Julia Wolfe Julia Wolfe Julia Wolfe is an American composer. She was born in Philadelphia, holds degrees from the University of Michigan, Princeton and Yale, and currently works in New York. Wolfe's music is rhythmically vigorous and often clangorously dissonant...	1958		American
Thomas Simaku	1958
Davide Zannoni Davide Zannoni Davide Zannoni is a composer of contemporary Classical music. He began his career playing drums in jazz clubs and later symphonic percussion with the Maggio Musicale Fiorentino Orchestra in Florence, Italy. He also pursued academic studies and earned a doctoral degree in Humanities from the...	1958
Nigel Westlake Nigel Westlake -Biography:Nigel Westlake's career in music has spanned more than 3 decades.He studied the clarinet with his father, Donald Westlake and subsequently left school early to pursue a performance career in music.Nigel toured Australia and the world playing with ballet companies, a circus troupe,...	1958		Australian
Richard Barrett Richard Barrett (composer) Richard Barrett is a British composer.-Biography:Barrett began to study music seriously only after graduating in genetics and microbiology at University College London in 1980 . From then until 1983 he took private lessons with Peter Wiegold...	1959		British
Sebastian Currier Sebastian Currier Sebastian Currier is an American composer of music for chamber groups and orchestras. He was also a professor of music at Columbia University from 1999 to 2007.-Life:...	1959		American
Paul Doornbusch Paul Doornbusch Paul Doornbusch is a largely algorithmic composer and performer of contemporary music, often fusing electroacoustic and computer music with instrumental music...	1959		Australian		computer music Computer music Computer music is a term that was originally used within academia to describe a field of study relating to the applications of computing technology in music composition; particularly that stemming from the Western art music tradition... , electroacoustic music Electroacoustic music Electroacoustic music originated in Western art music during its modern era following the incorporation of electric sound production into compositional practice. The initial developments in electroacoustic music composition during the mid-20th century are associated with the activities of composers...
James MacMillan	1959		Scottish	The Sacrifice (opera); Veni veni Emmanuel (percussion concerto); The Confession of Isobel Gowdie; St. John Passion; 3 symphonies
Shigeru Kan-no Shigeru Kan-no is a Japanese composer and conductor living in Germany.-Biography:Shigeru Kan-no was born in Fukushima, Japan. He now lives as a free-lance composer and conductor in Westerwald, Germany. His repertoire includes over 100 operas and 700 concert pieces. He is also a talented musician, able to play...	1959		Japanese	Play Station Cycles; Simulation Cycles; 2 Violin Concertos; 3 Piano Concertos; 6 Chamber Symphonies; 6 Concerto Grossi; 7 Operas
Erkki-Sven Tüür Erkki-Sven Tüür Erkki-Sven Tüür is an Estonian composer.Tüür was born in Kärdla on the Estonian island of Hiiumaa. He studied flute and percussion at the Tallinn Music School from 1976 to 1980 and composition with Jaan Rääts at the Tallinn Academy of Music and privately with Lepo Sumera from 1980 to 1984...	1959		Estonian	6 symphonies; Violin Concerto; Piano Concerto; Searching for Roots
Maria de Alvear Maria de Alvear Maria de Alvear is a Spanish-German composer living in Germany who was born to Spanish father and German mother.-References:*- External links :* * *...	1960		Spanish-German
George Benjamin George Benjamin (composer) George William John Benjamin, CBE is a British composer of classical music. He is also a conductor, pianist and teacher....	1960		English	Sudden Time; Antara
Nigel Clarke Nigel Clarke Nigel Clarke is a British composer and musician. He is a former head of composition and contemporary music at the London College of Music and Media....	1960		English	Samurai; The Miraculous Violin; Earthrise; Gagarin
Nathan Currier Nathan Currier - Biography :Coming from a musical family, composer Nathan Kind Currier is son of composer Marilyn Currier and brother of composer Sebastian Currier ....	1960		American	Gaian Variations Gaian Variations Gaian Variations is an environmental oratorio by classical composer Nathan Currier, an abruptly terminated premiere of which took place at Avery Fisher Hall, Lincoln Center, New York on April 21, 2004.The work focuses on the Gaia Theory of James Lovelock...
Detlev Glanert Detlev Glanert Detlev Glanert is a German opera composer, who has also composed numerous works for chamber and full orchestra, including three symphonies.-Biography:Detlev Glanert was born in Hamburg in 1960...	1960		German	operas Leyla und Medjnun, Caligula, Solaris
Osvaldo Golijov Osvaldo Golijov Osvaldo Noé Golijov is a Grammy award–winning composer of classical music.-Biography:Osvaldo Golijov was born in and grew up in La Plata, Argentina, in a Jewish family that had emigrated to Argentina in the 1920s from Romania and Russia.Golijov has developed a rich musical language, the result of...	1960		Argentine
Annie Gosfield Annie Gosfield Annie Gosfield is a New York composer who specializes in using detuned or out of tune samples and industrial noises. Her work often contains improvisation and frequently uses extended techniques and/or altered musical instruments...	1960		American
Alexander Shchetynsky Alexander Shchetynsky Alexander Shchetynsky is a Ukrainian composer. Born on 22 June 1960 in Kharkiv, in the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union. His work list includes compositions in various forms ranging from solo instrumental to orchestral, choral pieces and operas....	1960		Ukrainian
William Susman William Susman William Joseph Susman, born August 29, 1960 in Chicago, is an American composer of concert and film music as well as an accomplished pianist. He belongs to the generation of American composers that came of age in the late twentieth century, received traditional academic training while remaining...	1960		American	Native New Yorker Native New Yorker (film) Native New Yorker is the title of the 2006 Tribeca Film Festival Best Documentary Short by Steve Bilich.Filmed with a 1924 hand-crank Cine-Kodak camera, Shaman Trail Scout 'Coyote' takes a journey which transcends time, from Inwood Park , down a native trail , into lower Manhattan Native New... (film score); Marimba Montuño (solo); Camille (chamber ensmeble); Trailing Vortices (chamber orchestra); Fate of the Lhapa (film score)	postminimalism Postminimalism Postminimalism is an art term coined by Robert Pincus-Witten in 1971 used in various artistic fields for work which is influenced by, or attempts to develop and go beyond, the aesthetic of minimalism...
Mark-Anthony Turnage Mark-Anthony Turnage Mark-Anthony Turnage is a prolific English composer of classical music. His initial musical studies were with Oliver Knussen, John Lambert, and later with Gunther Schuller...	1960		English	Greek (opera); From All Sides (ballet); Mambo, Blue and Tarantella (violin concerto); From the Wreckage (trumpet concerto); Fractured Lines (percussion concerto); Five Views of a Mouth (flute concerto); A Fast Stomp
Ana-Maria Avram Ana-Maria Avram Ana-Maria Avram is a Romanian composer affiliated with the spectral music style. She represents with Iancu Dumitrescu the Hyper-Spectral trend in contemporary avant-garde music....	1961		Romanian		spectral music
Unsuk Chin Unsuk Chin Unsuk Chin , is a South Korean composer of classical music, based in Berlin, Germany. She was awarded the Grawemeyer Award in 2004 and the Arnold Schönberg Prize in 2005.- Biography :...	1961		South Korean	Alice in Wonderland (opera); Violin Concerto; Fantasie mécanique; Cantatrix Sopranica
Marc-André Dalbavie Marc-André Dalbavie Marc-André Dalbavie is a French composer. He had his first music lessons at age 6 and later studied at the Conservatoire de Paris. In 1985 he joined the research department of IRCAM where he studied digital synthesis, computer assisted composition and spectral analysis. In the early 1990s he...	1961		French
Jake Heggie Jake Heggie Jake Heggie is an American composer and pianist.Jake Heggie is the composer of the operas Dead Man Walking , The End of the Affair , At The Statue of Venus , To Hell and Back , and Moby-Dick , as well as the stage work For a Look or a Touch...	1961		American	Dead Man Walking Dead Man Walking (opera) Dead Man Walking is the first opera by Jake Heggie, with a libretto by Terrence McNally; it premiered on October 7, 2000 at the War Memorial Opera House, San Francisco Opera.-Roles:... (opera); art songs
Hanna Kulenty Hanna Kulenty Hanna Kulenty is a Polish composer of contemporary classical music. Since 1992, she has worked and lived both in Warsaw and in Arnhem .- Musical education :...	1961		Polish	Ad Unum, Breathe, The Mother of Black Winged-Dreams (opera), Trumpet Concerto, String Quartet No. 4
Peter Machajdik Peter Machajdik Peter Machajdík is a contemporary Slovak composer and sound artist. He grew up in Bratislava, Slovakia and lives in Berlin, Germany....	1961		Slovak / German	Namah; Double Bayan Concerto; Farewell Fanfares; Lasea; Nell'autunno del suo abbraccio insonne	postminimalism Postminimalism Postminimalism is an art term coined by Robert Pincus-Witten in 1971 used in various artistic fields for work which is influenced by, or attempts to develop and go beyond, the aesthetic of minimalism... , electronic music Electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...
Erica Muhl Erica Muhl Composer and conductor Erica Muhl is Associate Dean and Professor of Composition at the University of Southern California Thornton School of Music in Los Angeles.-Early years:...	1961		American	Consolation
Michael Torke Michael Torke Michael Torke is an American composer who writes music influenced by jazz and minimalism. Sometimes described as a post-minimalist, his most postminimal piece is Four Proverbs, in which the syllable for each pitch is fixed and variations in the melody produce streams of nonsense words. Other works...	1961		American	"Vanada"; Javelin; Rapture (percussion concerto); Ecstatic Orange
Roman Turovsky-Savchuk Roman Turovsky-Savchuk Roman Turovsky-Savchuk is an American painter and lutenist-composer born in Ukraine.-Biography:Turovsky was born in Kiev, Ukraine in 1961, when it was part of the Soviet Union. He studied art from an early age under his father, the painter Mikhail Turovsky and at the Shevchenko State Art School...	1961		Ukrainian/American	Tombeau Tombeau A tombeau is a musical composition commemorating the death of a notable individual. The term derives from the French word for "tomb" or "tombstone". The vast majority of tombeaux date from the 17th century and were composed for lute or other plucked string instruments...  for Omelyan Kovch Omelyan Kovch Blessed Оmelyan Kovch was a Ukrainian Greek-Catholic priest murdered in Majdanek concentration camp....	historicist Musical historicism Musical historicism signifies the use of historical materials, structures, styles, techniques, media, conceptual content, etc., whether by a single composer or those associated with a particular school, movement, or period... –Neo-Baroque Neo-Baroque music Neo-Baroque is a term used to describe music which displays important aspects of Baroque style, but is not from the Baroque period proper—i.e., the 17th and 18th centuries...
Mohamed Abdelwahab Abdelfattah Mohamed Abdelwahab Abdelfattah Mohamed Abdelwahab Abdelfattah is an Egyptian composer of contemporary classical music and educator. He is a member of Egypt's third generation of classical composers.-Biography:...	1962		Egypt	Die Wunderzahl, String Quartet No. 2 "Monamnamat"	electroacoustic Electroacoustic music Electroacoustic music originated in Western art music during its modern era following the incorporation of electric sound production into compositional practice. The initial developments in electroacoustic music composition during the mid-20th century are associated with the activities of composers... , postmodernism Postmodern music Postmodern music is either simply music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetical and philosophical trends of postmodernism. As the name suggests, the postmodernist movement formed partly in reaction to modernism...
Michael Abels Michael Abels Michael Abels is an American composer. Abels was born in Phoenix, Arizona, and studied at the University of Southern California. His best known work is Global Warming...	1962		American	Global Warming
Stefano Gervasoni Stefano Gervasoni Stefano Gervasoni is an Italian composer.A protégé of Luigi Nono, Gervasoni studied at the Giuseppe Verdi Conservatory in Milan. In 1995 he became composer in residence at the Villa Médicis in Rome...	1962		Italian
Jennifer Higdon Jennifer Higdon Jennifer Higdon is an American composer of classical music. Higdon has received many awards, including the 2010 Pulitzer Prize in Music for her Violin Concerto and the 2010 Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Classical Composition for her Percussion Concerto.-Biography:Higdon was born in Brooklyn,...	1962		American
Alexander Kaloian Alexander Kaloian Alexander Kaloian born 1962 in Los Angeles, California is an Armenian composer, residing dually in the United States and the Republic of Armenia...	1962		Armenian
Rudi Spring Rudi Spring Rudi Spring is a German composer of classical music, pianist and academic. He is known for vocal compositions on texts by poets and his own, and for chamber music such as his three Chamber Symphonies.- Professional career :...	1962		German	Heimkunft, Chamber Symphonies, song cycles
Graham Waterhouse Graham Waterhouse Graham Waterhouse is an English composer and a cellist. He is known for chamber music and for unusual scoring, such as Piccolo Quintet, Bright Angel for three bassoons and contrabassoon, Chieftain's Salute for Great Highland Bagpipe and string orchestra, and works for speaking voice and cello,...	1962		English	Piccolo Quintet Piccolo Quintet Piccolo Quintet is short for the Quintet op. 26 of Graham Waterhouse, composed in 1989 for piccolo and string quartet and published by Zimmermann in 2002 as Quintet for piccolo, 2 violins, viola and violoncello.- History :... , Gestural Variations Gestural Variations Gestural Variations op. 43 is a trio composition of Graham Waterhouse in 1997 originally for oboe, bassoon and piano. Later versions are scored for clarinet, cello and piano and flute, cello and piano .-Movements:... , Der Handschuh Der Handschuh (Waterhouse) Der Handschuh is a composition by Graham Waterhouse. He wrote the setting of Schiller's ballad for cello and speaking voice in 2005...
Sandeep Bhagwati Sandeep Bhagwati Sandeep Bhagwati is an Indian composer of western classical music and an academic teacher.Sandeep Bhagwati was born in Bombay, now Mumbai, as the son of a German mother and an Indian father. He has lived in Germany since age five...	1963		Indian	opera Ramanujan
Michel Bosc Michel Bosc Michel Bosc is a classical French composer born in Paris in 1963. With various influences, his music has tackled registers as diverse as symphonic, chamber of vocal music, sacred music, theatre music and orchestrations....	1963		French
Graham Fitkin Graham Fitkin Graham Fitkin is a British composer, pianist and conductor. His compositions fall broadly into the minimalist and postminimalist genres...	1963		British
Edson Zampronha Edson Zampronha Edson Zampronha is a Brazilian composer from an Italian family. His contemporary classical music has achieved a wide range audience due to its highly expressive musical discourse; due to an invention of a sophisticated musical rhetoric that operates on musical meanings, and due to a harmonic...	1963		Brazilian	Lamenti, Recycling Collaging Sampling, Concert for Piano N.1, Modelagem X-a
Neil March Neil March -Life:He was born in Hemel Hempstead of Welsh and English parents. He studied music from a young age and played in various orchestras and ensembles before turning his back on the classical world in his late teens for the lure of the burgeoning Post-Punk scene....	1963		British	Diversions
Luca Belcastro Luca Belcastro Luca Belcastro is an Italian composer of classical music.He graduated in Classical guitar and in Composition, with the highest grade. He attended specialization courses with Azio Corghi at the Accademia G...	1964		Italian
Boris Böhmann Boris Böhmann Boris Böhmann is a German conductor and composer.He was born in Worms am Rhein, was musical assistant at his home church, Worms Cathedral, between 1987 and 1990. His studies in Catholic theology at Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz were followed with studies at the College of Music in...	1964		German
Richard Rijnvos Richard Rijnvos -Education and influences:Rijnvos studied composition at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague with Jan van Vlijmen and Brian Ferneyhough.He received a DAAD scholarship and attended a postgraduate course at the Musikhochschule in Freiburg....	1964		Dutch	Block Beuys
Yuri Khanon Yuri Khanon Yuri Khanon is a pen name of Yuri Feliksovich Soloviev-Savoyarov , a Russian composer. Prior to 1993, he wrote under a pen name Yuri Khanin, but later transformed it into Yuri Khanon, spelling it in a pre-1918 Russian style as ХанонЪ. Khanon was born on Juny 16, 1965 in Leningrad...	1965		Russian	The Shagreen Bone, The Symphony of Dogs, The Middle Symphony, Agonia Dei, What Zarathustra Said Indeed	polystylism Polystylism Polystylism is the use of multiple styles or techniques in literature, art, film, or, especially, music, and is a postmodern characteristic.Some prominent contemporary polystylist composers include Peter Maxwell Davies, Michael Colgrass, Lera Auerbach, Sofia Gubaidulina, George Rochberg, Alfred... , neoclassicism Neoclassicism (music) Neoclassicism in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly current in the period between the two World Wars, in which composers sought to return to aesthetic precepts associated with the broadly defined concept of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotional restraint... , music for films Film score A film score is original music written specifically to accompany a film, forming part of the film's soundtrack, which also usually includes dialogue and sound effects...
Gordon McPherson Gordon McPherson Gordon McPherson is a Scottish composer. He studied at the University of York, England, returning there for his doctorate, continuing with post-doctoral research at the Royal Northern College of Music....	1965		Scottish
Bernd Redmann Bernd Redmann Bernd Redmann is a German composer and musicologist.-Professional career:Bernd Redmann studied at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater München, music pedagogy and composition with Dieter Acker, and music theory. He was also enrolled for musicology at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München...	1965		German	opera Die Gehetzten, orchestra Fiasko, chamber Migrant
Georgia Spiropoulos Georgia Spiropoulos Georgia Spiropoulos is a composer, who studied piano, harmony, counterpoint and fugue in Athens. At the same time she studied jazz piano and worked as an instrumentalist and arranger of Hellenic traditional music of oral transmission for ten years.Since 1996 she has lived in Paris and studied...	1965		Greek	Klama, for mixed choir & live electronics	Avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
Mats Wendt Mats Wendt Mats Wendt Born in 1965. Scandinavian classical composer and artist. Most international known work is Eddan - the invincible sword of the elf-smith, a 16 hour long "cybersymphonic" work on Norse mythology according to Viktor Rydberg...	1965		Swedish	Eddan–The Invincible Sword of the Elf-Smith
Roberto Carnevale Roberto Carnevale Roberto Carnevale is an Italian composer, pianist and conductor.- Biography and career :Born in Catania, he started studying piano at the age of seven. He took a degree in Arts at the University of Catania and he attended the Accademia Musicale Chigiana in Siena...	1966		Italian	Linae (1992–1995)
Juan J. Colomer Juan J. Colomer Juan José Colomer is a Spanish composer.- Personal life :Juan Colomer started his music studies at age 8 in his local music school, "Sociedad Musical de Alzira." He continued his studies in the Conservatorio Superior de Música de Valencia, where he graduated in trumpet & composition...	1966		Spanish	La complicidad del espectro
Jan Müller-Wieland Jan Müller-Wieland Jan Müller-Wieland is a German composer and conductor of classical music and an academic teacher. He is known for his operas.-Professional career:...	1966		German	operas Gastspiel, Komödie ohne Titel, Das Märchen der 672. Nacht
John Psathas John Psathas John Psathas is a New Zealand composer, son of Greek immigrant parents.He has works in the repertoire of such high profile musicians as Evelyn Glennie, Michael Houstoun, Michael Brecker and the New Juilliard Ensemble, and is one of New Zealand's most frequently performed composers...	1966		New Zealand	music for the Olympic–Athens 2004 for full orchestra and choir
Jens Josef Jens Josef Jens Josef is a German composer of classical music, a flutist and academic.- Career :Jens Josef received flute instructions from Rita Eggenweiler and Klaus Grünow, principal flute of the Staatstheater Kassel, and took composition classes with Jörn Tegtmeyer, the director of church music of Hann...	1967		German	Musik für Flöte(n), Viola und Kontrabass, chamber music
Andreas Kunstein Andreas Kunstein Andreas Kunstein is a composer who was born in Brühl . In his youth, he received piano lessons and wrote his first compositions. After finishing high school, he studied History and Philosophy in Düsseldorf....	1967		Dutch
Joe Cutler Joe Cutler Joe Cutler is a British composer who studied music at the Universities of Huddersfield and Durham, before a scholarship at the Chopin Academy in Warsaw, Poland. He has taught composition at the Birmingham Conservatoire since 2000, and since 2005 he has been the Head of Composition there...	1968		British	Sal's Sax
Jens Joneleit Jens Joneleit Jens Gerd Joneleit is a German composer, known for his operas.-Early life and education:Jens Gerd Joneleit was born on 17 September 1968 in Offenbach am Main in Germany. His parents both played piano, and he learned music theory when he was only seven years old...	1968		German	operas Der Brand, Piero – Ende der Nacht, Metanoia. Über das Denken hinaus
Olga Neuwirth Olga Neuwirth Olga Neuwirth is an Austrian composer.As a child at the age of seven, Neuwirth began lessons on trumpet. She later studied composition in Vienna at the Vienna Academy of Music and Performing Arts under Erich Urbanner, while studying at the Electroacoustic Institute...	1968		Austrian	Lost Highway	avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
Roxanna Panufnik Roxanna Panufnik Roxanna Panufnik is a British composer of Polish heritage. She is the daughter of the composer and conductor Sir Andrzej Panufnik....	1968		English
Nicola Campogrande Nicola Campogrande Nicola Campogrande is an Italian composer, as well as a music journalist.-Biography:He graduated in composition at the Milan and Paris Conservatories....	1969		Italian
Johanna Doderer Johanna Doderer -Biography:Doderer was born in 1969 in Bregenz, Austria. She is the great-niece of the Austrian novelist Heimito von Doderer and a great-grand-daughter of the architect Carl Wilhelm von Doderer...	1969		Austrian	operas
Ciarán Farrell Ciarán Farrell Ciarán Farrell is an Irish composer who has been active in his field since graduating from Trinity College Dublin in 1997...	1969		Irish
Pierre Kolp Pierre Kolp Pierre Kolp is a Belgian composer and music pedagogue, born in Cologne , 23 March 1969.-Biography:After obtaining a mathematics and science diploma, Kolp studied organ and composition , Belgium...	1969		Belgian		avant-garde Avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
David Bruce David Bruce (composer) David Bruce is a British-American composer.Bruce began his undergraduate studies in music in 1988 at Nottingham University , before moving on to the Royal College of Music where he obtained a Masters Degree in Composition, studying with Tim Salter and George Benjamin; and a PhD in Composition at...	1970		British-American
Sara Carvalho Sara Carvalho Sara Carvalho is a Portuguese composer of contemporary classical music.Born in Porto, Portugal she received her first musical training at the age of three and started composing in 1984. In 1995 she graduated with a First Class Degree in Composition, Music and Teaching from the University of Aveiro...	1970		Portuguese
Graziella Concas Graziella Concas Graziella Concas is an Italian pianist and composer.- Biography and career :She started studying piano at the age of five. Later she studied piano under Franca Zinghinì-Spinnicchia at the Catania Musical Institute ‘Vincenzo Bellini’, and composition under Angela Giuffrida...	1970		Italian
Donnacha Dennehy Donnacha Dennehy ,Donnacha Dennehy is a composer, born in Dublin in 1970. He gained his secondary education in Templeogue College, Dublin. He studied Music at Trinity College, Dublin and later pursued graduate studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign...	1970		Irish
Daniel Felsenfeld Daniel Felsenfeld Daniel Felsenfeld is a composer of contemporary classical music and a writer.-Biography:Felsenfeld was born in Washington, D.C., raised primarily in Southern California and currently resides in Brooklyn with his wife, writer Elizabeth Isadora Gold...	1970		United States	Insomnia Redux
Fazıl Say Fazil Say Fazıl Say , is a Turkish pianist and composer born in Ankara, Turkey.-Biography:Born in 1970 in Ankara, Turkey, Fazıl Say started playing the piano at the age of four. He continued his music training in Ankara State Conservatory as a student of Special Status for Highly Talented Children and...	1970		Turkish
Michel van der Aa Michel van der Aa Michel van der Aa is a Dutch composer of contemporary classical music.- Early years :Michel van der Aa trained as a recording engineer at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague...	1970		Dutch	After Life (opera)
Thomas Adès Thomas Adès Thomas Adès is a British composer, pianist and conductor.-Biography:Adès studied piano with Paul Berkowitz and later composition with Robert Saxton at Guildhall School of Music and Drama, London...	1971		English	Powder Her Face Powder Her Face Powder Her Face is a chamber opera in two acts, Op. 14 by the British composer Thomas Adès , with an English libretto by Philip Hensher. The opera is 2 hours 20 minutes long... (opera); Asyla; The Tempest (opera); Traced Overhead
Carlo Forlivesi Carlo Forlivesi Carlo Forlivesi is an Italian composer, performer and researcher.Forlivesi was born in Faenza, Emilia-Romagna. He studied at Bologna Conservatory, Milan Conservatory and the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia of Rome...	1971		Italian	Requiem Requiem (Forlivesi) REQUIEM by Carlo Forlivesi is an 8-channel electronic music work composed in 1999 and subsequently revised in 2007. It is conceived as an acoustic rite, an electronic poem in three parts – Komm, Les pleurs and ' – separated by a period of silence...
Michael Hersch Michael Hersch Michael Nathaniel Hersch is an American composer and pianist.-Biography:Initial inspiration and musical educationBorn in Washington, D.C., and raised in Reston, Virginia, Hersch was introduced to classical music at the age of 18 by his younger brother Jamie, who showed him a videotape of Georg...	1971		United States	Symphony No. 1; Fracta; Arraché
Paweł Mykietyn	1971		Polish
Natasha Barrett Natasha Barrett (composer) Natasha Barrett is a British composer and performer of electroacoustic art music. Her compositional aesthetics are derived from acousmatic issues, but in addition to acousmatic composition she composes for instruments and live electronics, sound installations, multi-media works and computer music...	1972		British		electroacoustic Electroacoustic music Electroacoustic music originated in Western art music during its modern era following the incorporation of electric sound production into compositional practice. The initial developments in electroacoustic music composition during the mid-20th century are associated with the activities of composers...
Hiba Kawas Hiba Kawas Hiba Al Kawas is a Lebanese operatic soprano, composer and academic.-Biography and career:...	1972		Lebanese
André Ristic André Ristic André Ristic is a Canadian composer, pianist, accordion player, and music theorist. He has won several awards, including the Jules Léger Prize for New Chamber Music in 2000 for his work Catalogue de bombes occidentales, the Prix opus for Composer of the Year in 2002, and the Prix Québec-Flandre in...	1972		Canadian
Lera Auerbach Lera Auerbach Lera Auerbach is a Russian-born American composer and pianist.-Early life & education:Auerbach was born in Chelyabinsk, a city in the Urals bordering Siberia. She holds degrees in piano and composition from The Juilliard School, where she studied piano with Joseph Kalichstein and composition...	1973		Russian
Fred Jonny Berg Fred Jonny Berg Fred Jonny Berg is a Norwegian composer, artist and producer based in Saltdal, Northern Norway.Berg’s catalogue of works comprises about 200 titles, more than 70 opuses, including commissions and works for piano, flute, clarinet, violin, viola, cello, contrabass, string orchestra and orchestral...	1973		Norwegian
J. Ryan Garber J. Ryan Garber J. Ryan Garber is an American composer of contemporary music.-Education:Prior to his extensive education in music, ryan Garber was raised by wolves in the icy tundras of the north pole. Garber began musical studies on the piano at age four. He subsequently became proficient on the bassoon and...	1973		United States	Parabolisms; Resonances
Jörg Widmann Jörg Widmann Jörg Widmann is a German composer and clarinetist. He lives and works in Munich and Freiburg.- Education and career :...	1973		Germany	The Face in the Mirror (opera); string quartets
Derek Charke Derek Charke Derek Charke is a Canadian classical composer and flutist.-Life:Derek Charke’s music is recognized as an important and original contribution to the Canadian music scene. Derek’s compositions increasingly pair electroacoustic elements, many derived from environmental sounds, with acoustic instruments...	1974		Canadian	Falling from Cloudless Skies; Tundra Songs
Julian Cochran Julian Cochran thumb|200px|Julian Cochran in 1998Julian Cochran is an English-born Australian composer.Cochran's earlier works show stylistic influences from Impressionist music and his later works are more noticeably influenced by Classical music and folk music of Eastern Europe...	1974		English-born Australian
Avner Dorman Avner Dorman Avner Dorman is an Israeli born composer of contemporary classical music.- Biography :Avner Dorman holds a Doctorate in Music Composition from the Juilliard School where he studied as a C.V. Starr fellow with John Corigliano...	1975		Israeli
Svitlana Azarova Svitlana Azarova thumb|Svitlana AzarovaSvitlana Azarova is a Ukrainian/Dutch composer of contemporary classical music born January 9, 1976 in the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union.-Early years:...	1976		Ukrainian Dutch	Beyond Context (chamber orchestra)
Tomi Räisänen Tomi Räisänen Tomi Räisänen is a Finnish composer.- Biography :Räisänen studied composition from 2000 to 2006 at the Sibelius Academy under Erkki Jokinen graduating as the master of music. Before entering the Sibelius Academy he read music at the University of Helsinki studying musicology and composition under...	1976		Finnish	Piano Concerto; Stheno
Wu Fei Wu Fei Wu Fei is a composer, performer, and improviser from Beijing, China. She mainly performs on the ancient Chinese zither called guzheng, and also sings and plays the piano....	1977		Chinese	She Huo (chamber ensemble)
Daniel Hensel Daniel Hensel Daniel Hensel is a German composer and musicologist.- Life and work :Hensel began his studies of composition in 1995 as a student of the Austrian composer Gerhard Schedl at Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium. From 1999 he studied composition with Heinz Winbeck in Würzburg, from 2003 with Manfred Trojahn in...	1978		German	Chant of consecrated life (orchestra)
Jimmy Lopez Jimmy Lopez Jimmy Lopez is a classical music composer from Lima, Peru. He has won several international awards and pieces composed by him have been performed by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Fort Worth Symphony Orchestra, Baltimore Symphony Orchestra, Aspen Concert Orchestra, National Symphony Orchestra of...	1978		Peruvian	Fiesta! (orchestra)
Mehdi Hosseini Mehdi Hosseini Seyed Mehdi Hosseini Bami is a contemporary Persian composer and Musicologist.-Biography:...	1979		Iranian	Symphony of Monody; Baluch
Gilad Hochman Gilad Hochman Gilad Hochman is an Israeli classical music composer.Gilad Hochman was born to an Odessa native father and a Paris native mother and currently resides in Berlin, Germany. Hochman began his musical life at the age of 6, studying the piano...	1982		Israeli	Whom My Soul Loveth; Slightly Disturbed; A Voice in the Wilderness