Fontainebleau

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Fontainebleau

Fontainebleau is a commune in the metropolitan area

Aire urbaine

The aire urbaine is an INSEE statistical region comprising a couronne p?riurbaine commuter belt around a contiguous p?le urbain . As it is specifically defined by statistical criteria, it is similar--though not identical--to the more general term of "metropolitan area" used in English....
of Paris

Paris

Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
, France

France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
. It is located south-southeast of the centre of Paris

Kilometre Zero

In many countries, Kilometre Zero or similar terms in other languages, is a particular location , from which distances are traditionally measured....
. Fontainebleau is a sous-préfecture
Sous-préfecture

Subprefectures are the administrative towns of arrondissement in France in France that do not contain the Prefectures in France for its departments of France....
of the Seine-et-Marne

Seine-et-Marne

Seine-et-Marne is a France departments of France, named after the Seine River and Marne River rivers, and located in the ?le-de-France regions of France....
département, being the seat of the Arrondissement of Fontainebleau

Arrondissement of Fontainebleau

The arrondissement of Fontainebleau is an Arrondissements of France of France, located in the Seine-et-Marne Departments of France, in the ?le-de-France Regions of France....
. The commune has the largest land area in the Île-de-France

Île-de-France (région)

?le-de-France is one of the twenty-six administrative regions of France of France, composed mostly of the Paris metropolitan area. Created as the "District of the Paris Region" in 1961, it was renamed as the "?le-de-France" r?gion in 1976 when its administrative status was aligned with the other French administrative regions created in 1...
region, and is the only one larger than Paris itself.

Fontainebleau, together with the neighboring commune of Avon

Avon, Seine-et-Marne

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History

The preliminary of Fontainebleau, before the Treaty of Paris

Treaty of Paris (1763)

The Treaty of Paris, often called the Peace of Paris, or the Treaty of 1763, was signed on February 10, 1763, by the kingdoms of Kingdom of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement....
of 1763 ended the Seven Years' War

Seven Years' War

The Seven Years' War lasted between 1756?1763 and involved all of the major European powers of the period. The war pitted Kingdom of Prussia and Kingdom of Great Britain and a coalition of smaller German states against an alliance consisting of Archduchy of Austria, Early Modern France, Russian Empire, Kingdom of Sweden, and Electorate of Sa...
.

The Edict of Fontainebleau

Edict of Fontainebleau

The Edict of Fontainebleau was an edict issued by Louis XIV of France of France, also known as the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes of 1598, which had granted to the Huguenots the right to worship their religion without persecution from the state....
was signed here in October 1685, revoking the Edict of Nantes

Edict of Nantes

The Edict of Nantes was issued on 13 April 1598 by Henry IV of France to grant the Calvinism Protestants of France substantial rights in a nation still considered essentially Catholicism....
.

During the French Revolution

French Revolution

The French Revolution was a period of political and social upheaval and radical change in the history of France, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudalism for the aristocracy and Roman Catholic Church clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on Age of Enlightenment principles of cit...
, Fontainebleau was temporarily renamed Fontaine-la-Montagne, meaning "Fountain by the Mountain" (the mountain referred to is the series of rocky formations located in the Forest of Fontainebleau).

Several treaties were signed in Fontainebleau, including the 1814 Treaty of Fontainebleau

Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814)

The Treaty of Fontainebleau was an agreement established in Paris on 11 April 1814 between Napoleon Bonaparte and representatives from Austria, Hungary and Bohemia, Russia, and Prussia....
which stripped Napoleon Bonaparte of his powers (but not his title as Emperor of the French) and sent him into exile on Elba

Elba

Elba is an island in Tuscany, Italy, from the coastal town of Piombino. It is the largest island of the Tuscan Archipelago, and the third largest List of islands of Italy after Sicily and Sardinia....
.

During the 1950s and early 1960s, Fontainebleau was home to the NATO

NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization , also called the Atlantic Alliance, is a military alliance established by the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty on 4 April 1949....
's HQ Allied Forces Central Europe (AFCENT

AFCENT

AFCENT may refer to:* Allied Forces Central Europe , a former name of Joint Force Command Brunssum, a NATO military command* United States Air Forces Central , formerly named United States Central Command Air Forces ...
); HQ Allied Air Forces Central Europe (AAFCE) (AIRCENT) was located nearby at Camp Guynemer (Georges Guynemer

Georges Guynemer

Georges Guynemer was a France national hero during World War I, and a top fighter ace at the time of his death....
). After France established its own nuclear arsenal under its direct control, French President Charles de Gaulle

Charles de Gaulle

Charles Andr? Joseph Marie de Gaulle , , was a French people general and statesman who led the Free French Forces during World War II. He later founded the French Fifth Republic in 1958 and served as its first President of France from 1959 to 1969....
decided that he no longer needed NATO-controlled atomic weapons on French soil. In 1966, de Gaulle asked for the departure of all non-French NATO troops from French soil. The United States returned those bases to French control, and NATO moved AFCENT to Brunssum

Brunssum

Brunssum is a municipality and a town in the southeastern Netherlands.The municipality has some 30.000 inhabitants.Brunssum is one of the former coalmine centra, of which there are several in this region....
in the Netherlands

Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
and AIRCENT to Ramstein AFB, in West Germany

West Germany

West Germany was the common English name for the Germany , from its formation in May 1949 to German reunification in October 1990, when East Germany was dissolved and its States of Germany became part of the Federal Republic, ending the more than 40-year division of Germany....
.

Tourism

Fontainebleau is a popular tourist destination; each year, 300,000 people visit the palace and about 11 million people visit the forest.

Fontainebleau forest

The forest of Fontainebleau surrounds the city and dozens of villages. It is protected by France's Office National des Forêts and is recognised as a national park that is managed partly to conserve its wild plants and trees (such as the Service Tree of Fontainebleau

Service Tree of Fontainebleau

Sorbus latifolia is a species of whitebeam endemism to the area around Fontainebleau south of Paris in France, from where it has been known since the early eighteenth century....
) and its valuable population of birds, mammals and butterflies. It is a former royal hunting park often visited by walkers

Walking

Walking is the main form of animal locomotion on Earth, distinguished from running and crawling . When carried out in shallow waters, it is usually described as wading and when performed over a steeply rising object or an obstacle it becomes scrambling or climbing....
and horse riders. The forest is also well regarded for bouldering

Bouldering

Bouldering is a style of rock climbing undertaken without a rope and normally limited to very short climbs so that a fall will not result in serious injury....
and is particularly popular among climbers

Climbing

Climbing is the activity of using one's hands and feet to ascend a steep object. It is done both for recreation and professionally, as part of activities such as maintenance of a structure, or military operations....
.

Royal Château de Fontainebleau

The Royal Château de Fontainebleau

Château de Fontainebleau

INSEAD

The European (and historical) campus of INSEAD business school

Business school

A business school is a university-level institution that confers degrees in Business Administration. It teaches topics such as accounting, finance, information systems, marketing, organizational behavior, strategy, human resource management, and quantitative methods....
is located at the edge of Fontainebleau. INSEAD students live in chateaux and other accommodation in the area around Fontainebleau.

Other Notables

The graves of G. I. Gurdjieff

G. I. Gurdjieff

George Ivanovich Gurdjieff ; January 13, 1866? ? October 29, 1949), was a Greeks-Armenian mysticism, a teacher of sacred dances and a spirituality teacher....
and Katherine Mansfield

Katherine Mansfield

Kathleen Mansfield Murry was a prominent modernist writer of short fiction from New Zealand who wrote under the pen name of Katherine Mansfield....
can be found in the cemetery at Avon.

Transport

Fontainebleau is served by two stations on the Transilien Paris – Lyon

Transilien Paris – Lyon

Transilien Paris – Lyon is one of the sectors in the Paris Transilien suburban rail network. The trains on this sector depart from Gare de Lyon in central Paris, as well as from Juvisy station and Melun station in the suburbs....
suburban rail line: Fontainebleau – Avon

Communauté de communes de Fontainebleau-Avon

The Communaut? de communes de Fontainebleau-Avon is a communaut? de communes in the Seine-et-Marne d?partements of France and in the ?le-de-France r?gions of France of France....
and Thomery. Fontainebleau – Avon station, the closest station to the town center of Fontainebleau, is located at the border between the commune of Fontainebleau and the commune of Avon

Avon, Seine-et-Marne

Avon is a Communes of France in the Seine-et-Marne Departments of France in the ?le-de-France Regions of France in north-central France....
, on the Avon side of the border.

Famous Residents

Philippe IV King of France, born and died in Fontainebleau
François II King of France, born in Fontainebleau
Henri III King of France, born in Fontainebleau
Louis XIII King of France, born in Fontainebleau
Christina
Christina

Christina is a female name originating from Christian . It is a well-used name throughout the world with many variants.Christina is a name that means Christian....
Queen of Sweden; her lover Monaldeschi
Monaldeschi

The Monaldeschi were one of the powerful noble families of Orvieto, central Italy, members of the Guelph party who contested with murders and violence the Ghibelline Filippeschi for control of the medieval commune of Orvieto and the castelli of Umbria....
was murdered in Fontainebleau
Alphonse XIII King of Spain, after his abdication
Aga Khan IV
Aga Khan IV

Shah Karim al-Hussayni, The Aga Khan IV, Order of the British Empire, Order of Canada, Order of Christ, Order of Prince Henry is the 49th and current Imam of the Ismaili Muslims....
Anna Elizabeth Klumpke
Anna Elizabeth Klumpke

Anna Elizabeth Klumpke was American portrait and Genre works born in San Francisco, California, United States.She is perhaps best known for her portraits of famous women including Rosa Bonheur and Elizabeth Cady Stanton ....
- 19th/20th century artist
The Prince and The Princess of Hanover
Caroline, Princess of Hanover

Caroline, Princess of Hanover, Hereditary Princess of Monaco , formally styled Her Royal Highness The Princess of Hanover is the eldest child of the late Prince Rainier III, Prince of Monaco and his wife, the former American film actress Grace Kelly....
Rosa Bonheur
Rosa Bonheur

Rosa Bonheur, n?e Marie-Rosalie Bonheur, was a French animali?re and Realism artist, one of few female sculptors. As a Painting she became famous primarily for two chief works: , which was first exhibited at the Salon of 1848, and is now in the Mus?e d?Orsay in Paris depicts a team of oxen ploughing a field while attended by peasant...
- 19th century artist
Alex Grechishkin
Tom Ripley - the fictional protagonist of several novels by Patricia Highsmith
Patricia Highsmith

Patricia Highsmith was an United States author known for her psychological thrillers, which have led to more than two dozen film adaptations. Strangers on a Train has been adapted for the screen three times, notably by Alfred Hitchcock in 1951....
, lives in a small village a few miles away. He sometimes visits the town.

Fontainebleau

History

Tourism

Fontainebleau forest

Royal Château de Fontainebleau

INSEAD

Other Notables

Transport

Famous Residents

Image Gallery

See also

External links