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Paris

Paris

Timeline

845   Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.

1295   The first treaty forming the Auld Alliance between Scotland and France against England is signed in Paris.

1390   First trial for witchcraft in Paris leading to the death of three people.

1418   An insurrection delivers Paris to the Burgundians.

1431   Henry VI of England is crowned King of France at Notre Dame in Paris.

1572   Marriage in Paris of the future Huguenot King Henry IV of Navarre to Marguerite de Valois, in a supposed attempt to reconcile Protestants and Catholics.

1578   King Henri III lays the first stone of the Pont Neuf (''New Bridge''), the oldest bridge of Paris.

1588   French Wars of Religion: Henry III of France flees Paris after Henry of Guise enters the city.

1765   After a campaign by the writer Voltaire, judges in Paris posthumously exonerate Jean Calas of murdering his son. Calas had been tortured and executed in 1762 on the charge, though his son may have actually committed suicide.

1778   American Revolutionary War: In Paris the Treaty of Alliance and the Treaty of Amity and Commerce are signed by the United States and France signaling official recognition of the new republic.

1782   American Revolutionary War: Treaty of Paris — In Paris, representatives from the United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain sign preliminary peace articles (later formalized as the 1783 Treaty of Paris).

1783   In Paris, Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François Laurent, Marquis d'Arlandes, make the first untethered hot air balloon flight.

1789   French Revolution: citizens of Paris storm the Bastille and free seven prisoners.

1789   Gilbert du Motier, marquis de La Fayette, is named by acclamation colonel-general of the new National Guard of Paris.

1789   French Revolution: Women of Paris march to Versailles in the March on Versailles to confront Louis XVI about his refusal to promulgate the decrees on the abolition of feudalism, demand bread, and have the King and his court moved to Paris.

1789   French Revolution: Louis XVI returns to Paris from Versailles after being confronted by the Parisian women on 5 October

1789   French Revolution: Louis XVI returns to Paris from Versailles after being confronted by the Parisian women on 5 October

1790   French Revolution: citizens of Paris celebrate the constitutional monarchy and national reconciliation in the Fête de la Fédération.

1791   Long-distance communication speeds up with the unveiling of a semaphore machine in Paris.

1791   Members of the French National Guard under the command of General Lafayette open fire on a crowd of radical Jacobins at the Champ de Mars, Paris, during the French Revolution, killing as many as 50 people.

1791   The National Constituent Assembly in Paris is dissolved; Parisians hail Maximilien Robespierre and Jérôme Pétion as "incorruptible patriots".

1792   The Brunswick Manifesto is issued to the population of Paris promising vengeance if the French Royal Family is harmed.

1792   The final trial of Louis XVI of France begins in Paris.

1793   The Jardin des Plantes museum opens in Paris. A year later, it becomes the first public zoo.

1793   Queen Marie-Antoinette of France is tried and condemned in a swift, pre-determined trial in the Palais de Justice, Paris, and condemned to death the following day.

1793   In Paris, the French Revolutionary government opens the Louvre to the public as a museum.

1794   Branded a traitor during the Reign of Terror by revolutionists, French chemist Antoine Lavoisier, who was also a tax collector with the ''Ferme Générale'', is tried, convicted, and guillotined all on the same day in Paris.

1794   Maximilien Robespierre is executed by guillotine in Paris during the French Revolution.

1797   One thousand meters (3,200 feet) above Paris, André-Jacques Garnerin makes the first recorded parachute jump.

1804   At Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, Napoleon Bonaparte crowns himself Emperor of the French, the first French Emperor in a thousand years.

1812   Claude François de Malet, a French general, begins a conspiracy to overthrow Napoleon Bonaparte, claiming that the Emperor died in Russia and that he is now the commandant of Paris.

1814   Napoleonic Wars: Sixth Coalition forces march into Paris.

1815   After escaping from Elba, Napoleon enters Paris with a regular army of 140,000 and a volunteer force of around 200,000, beginning his "Hundred Days" rule.

1836   Inauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

1840   Gaetano Donizetti's opera ''La Fille du Régiment'' receives its first performance in Paris.

1848   Beginning of the June Days Uprising in Paris.

1852   The first airship powered by (a steam) engine, created by Henri Giffard, travels {{convert|17|mi|km}} from Paris to Trappes.

1860   The discovery of the planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the Académie des Sciences in Paris

1865   The International Telegraph Union (later the International Telecommunication Union) is established in Paris.

1867   The first performance of ''Don Carlos'' by Giuseppe Verdi takes place in Paris.

1869   The Folies Bergère opens in Paris.

1870   Franco-Prussian War: the Siege of Paris begins, which will result on January 28, 1871 in the surrender of Paris and a decisive Prussian victory.

1871   Declaration of the Paris Commune; President of the French Republic, Adolphe Thiers, orders evacuation of Paris.

1871   The Paris Commune is formally established in Paris.

1875   Georges Bizet's opera ''Carmen'' receives its première at the Opéra Comique in Paris.

1881   The feminist newspaper ''La Citoyenne'' is first published in Paris by the activist Hubertine Auclert.

1889   The Eiffel Tower is officially opened to the public at the Universal Exposition in Paris.

1894   Anarchist Émile Henry hurls a bomb into Paris's Cafe Terminus, killing one and wounding 20.

1894   The International Olympic Committee is founded at the Sorbonne in Paris, at the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin.

1894   The first ever motorized racing event is held in France between the cities of Paris and Rouen. The race is won by Comte Jules-Albert de Dion.

1895   In Paris an express train overruns a buffer stop and crosses more than 30 metres of concourse before plummeting through a window at Gare Montparnasse.

1895   At the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, Alfred Nobel signs his last will and testament, setting aside his estate to establish the Nobel Prize after he dies.

1897   Activist Marguerite Durand founds the feminist daily newspaper, ''La Fronde'', in Paris.

1901   An exhibition of seventy-one Vincent van Gogh paintings in Paris, 11 years after his death, creates a sensation.

1904   The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) is founded in Paris.

1913   Igor Stravinsky's ballet score ''The Rite of Spring'' receives its premiere performance in Paris, provoking a riot.

1913   Fédération Internationale d'Escrime, the international organizing body of competitive fencing is founded in Paris, France.

1916   World War I: Paris is first bombed by German zeppelins.

1917   World War I: At Vincennes outside of Paris, Dutch dancer Mata Hari is executed by firing squad for spying for the German Empire.

1920   Hungary loses 71% of its territory and 63% of its population when the Treaty of Trianon is signed in Paris.

1921   A symbolic Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is installed beneath the Arc de Triomphe in Paris to honor the unknown dead of World War I.

1926   Sholom Schwartzbard assassinates Symon Petliura, the head of the Paris-based government-in-exile of Ukrainian People's Republic.

1927   Attempting to make the first non-stop transatlantic flight from Paris to New York, French war heroes Charles Nungesser and Francois Coli disappeared after taking off aboard ''The White Bird'' biplane.

1927   At 07:52 Charles Lindbergh takes off from Roosevelt Field in Long Island, New York, on the world's first solo non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean. He touched down at Le Bourget Field in Paris at 22:22 the next day.

1928   The premier performance of Ravel's ''Boléro'' takes place in Paris.

1940   World War II: The Luftwaffe bombs Paris.

1940   World War II: Paris falls under German occupation, and Allied forces retreat.

1940   World War II: Operation Ariel begins – Allied troops start to evacuate France, following Germany's takeover of Paris and most of the nation.

1944   World War II: Charles de Gaulle enters Paris.

1946   The bikini is re-introduced in Paris, France (it was a Roman invention).

1951   The Polish cultural attache in Paris, Czesław Miłosz, asks the French government for political asylum.

1954   Great Britain defeats France to capture the first ever Rugby League World Cup in Paris in front of around 30,000 spectators.

1958   The African Regroupment Party is launched at a meeting in Paris.

1960   Nikita Khrushchev demands an apology from U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower for U-2 spy plane flights over the Soviet Union thus ending a Big Four summit in Paris.

1961   Scores of Algerian protesters (some claim up to 400) are massacred by the Paris police at the instigation of Nazi collaborator Maurice Papon, then chief of the Prefecture of Police.

1962   The European Space Research Organisation is established in Paris – later becoming the European Space Agency.

1968   Charles De Gaulle reappears publicly after his flight to Baden-Baden, Germany, and dissolves the French National Assembly by a radio appeal. Immediately after, less than one million of his supporters march on the Champs-Élysées in Paris. This is the turning point of May 1968 in France.

1968   Vietnam War October surprise: Citing progress with the Paris peace talks, US President Lyndon B. Johnson announces to the nation that he has ordered a complete cessation of "all air, naval, and artillery bombardment of North Vietnam" effective November 1.

1969   Vietnam War: at the apartment of French intermediary Jean Sainteny in Paris, American representative Henry Kissinger and North Vietnamese representative Xuan Thuy begin secret peace negotiations. The negotiations will eventually fail.

1970   Vietnam War: In Paris, a Communist delegation rejects US President Richard Nixon's October 7 peace proposal as "a maneuver to deceive world opinion".

1972   Vietnam War: In Saigon, Henry Kissinger and South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu meet to discuss a proposed cease-fire that had been worked out between Americans and North Vietnamese in Paris.

1972   Vietnam War: Henry Kissinger announces that North Vietnam has left private peace negotiations, in Paris.

1973   Varig Flight 820, operated by a Boeing 707 crashes near Paris on approach to Orly Airport, killing 123 of the 134 on-board.

1976   Air France Flight 139 (Tel Aviv-Athens-Paris) is hijacked en route to Paris by the PLO and redirected to Entebbe, Uganda.

1978   ''Double Eagle II'' becomes first balloon to cross the Atlantic Ocean when it lands in Miserey near Paris, 137 hours after leaving Presque Isle, Maine.

1981   The TGV railway service between Paris and Lyon is inaugurated.

1983   A terrorist attack is launched by Armenian militant organisation ASALA at the Paris-Orly Airport in Paris; it leaves 8 people dead and 55 injured.

1995   A gas bottle explodes in ''Saint Michel'' station of line B of the RER (Paris regional train network). Eight are killed and 80 wounded.

1995   The Dayton Peace Agreement is initialed at the Wright Patterson Air Force Base, near Dayton, Ohio, ending three and a half years of war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The agreement is formally ratified in Paris, on December 14 that same year.

1995   Yugoslav Wars: The Dayton Agreement is signed in Paris by leaders of various governments.

1997   Diana, Princess of Wales, her companion Dodi Al-Fayed and driver Henri Paul die in a car crash in Paris.

2000   Air France Flight 4590, a Concorde supersonic passenger jet, F-BTSC, crashes just after takeoff from Paris killing all 109 aboard and 4 on the ground.

2003   A heat wave in Paris results in temperatures rising to {{Convert|112|°F|°C}}, leaving about 144 people dead.

2009   Air France Flight 447 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Brazil on a flight from Rio de Janeiro to Paris. All 228 passengers and crew are killed.