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716 BC Roman legend marks this as the date that Romulus ended his rule.
715 BC Start of the reign of Roman King Numa Pompilius.
3 Five German tribes are unified by Marbod, King of the Marcomanni. The unification of the five tribes represents a direct threat to Rome.
4 Signature of a pact of non-aggression and friendship between the Roman Empire, represented by Tiberius, and the German tribe the Cherusci, represented by their King Segimer. Arminius and Flavus, sons of Segimer, were brought into the Roman army as the Leaders of the auxiliary troops.
6 Iudaea and Moesia become Roman provinces; Syria is guarded by legions X ''Fretensis'', III ''Gallica'', VI ''Ferrata'', and XII ''Fulminata''.
7 The Illyrians revolt against Roman rule.
7 Pannonians revolt with Dalmatians and Illyrian tribes against Roman rule.
8 Roman general Tiberius defeats Dalmatians on the river Bathinus.
14 Tiberius succeeds his stepfather Augustus as Emperor of the Roman Empire.
14 A census indicates that there are 4,973,000 Roman citizens.
16 Born
20 Galba is a Roman praetor.
24 Roman war against Numidia and Mauretania ends.
26 The Emperor Tiberius retires to Capri, leaving the praetorian prefect Sejanus in charge of both Rome and the Empire.
29 Romans capture Sofia.
30 The Romans founded the city of Tournai in Belgium.
40 Noricum and Mauretania are incorporated into the Roman Empire.
44 Mauretania becomes a Roman province.
44 The Isle of Rhodes returns to the Roman Empire.
45 Salzburg (Juvavum) is awarded the status of a Roman ''municipium''
50 Londinium is founded by the Romans, taking over as capital of the local Roman province, from Colchester (approximate date)
50 Caratacus is captured after the Roman victory by the govenor Ostorius Scapula at the Battle of Caer Caradoc.
50 Romans learn the use of soap from the Gauls.
60 The Rhoxolani are defeated on the Danube by the Romans.
61 Celtic revolt in Britain led by Boudicca, Queen of the Iceni. She is defeated in the Battle of Watling Street and killed by the Roman governor, Suetonius Paulinus.
66 Jewish revolt against the Roman Empire. The Zealots take Jerusalem and the Sicarii capture the fortress of Masada.
68 Lucius Clodius Macer revolts against Nero, emperor of the Roman Empire.
68 Last year covered by Tacitus' ''Annals'', a history of the Roman Empire.
70 Romans make a punitive expedition against Garamantes - they are forced to have an official relationship with the Empire.
70 Annexation of the island of Samothrace by the Roman Empire under Vespasian.
70 Roman general and future Roman Emperor, Titus, destroys the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem, leaving erect only the famous Western Wall. Rome stations troops in Jerusalem and abolishes the Jewish high priesthood and Sanhedrin. This becomes known as the Fall of Jerusalem, a conclusive event in the First Jewish-Roman War. Following this event, the Jewish religious leadership moves from Jerusalem to Jamnia (present day Yavne), and the destruction is mourned annually as the Jewish fast of Tisha B'Av.
71 The Romans establish a fortress at York (Eboracum), as a base for their northern forces. Initially established solely for the legion ''IX Hispania'', expansion later included public housing, baths and temples.
71 Mithraism begins to spread throughout the Roman Empire.
72 First Jewish-Roman War - The Romans lay siege to Masada, a desert fortress held by Jewish victims of the Sicarii.
73 The Romans capture Masada, one of the last battles of the First Jewish-Roman War. Surviving defenders commit mass suicide when defeat becomes imminent.
74 Reattachment of the Black Forest region to the Roman Empire.
78 Romans conquer the Ordovices, located in present-day northern Wales, as well as the Silures.
106 Petra becomes part of the Roman Empire.
114 The kingdom of Osroene becomes a vassal kingdom of the Roman Empire.
116 Roman Emperor Trajan completes his invasion of Parthia by capturing the cities of Seleucia, Babylon, Ctesiphon and Susa, marking the high-water mark of the Roman Empire's eastern expansion.
117 Emperor Trajan dies, leaving the Roman Empire at its maximal territorial extent.
118 Osroene is returned to native rule by the Roman Empire.
135 Died
164 Ctesiphon is captured by the Romans, but returned to the Parthians after the end of the war.
167 Germanic tribe Marcomanni waged war against the Romans at Aquileia.
211 The city of York becomes the capital of Britannia Inferior, a northern province of the Roman Empire.
214 The kingdom of Osroene becomes a province of the Roman Empire.
226 A merchant from the Roman Empire called "Qin Lun" by the Chinese, arrived in Jiaozhi (near modern Hanoi) and was taken to see Sun Quan, the Wu Emperor, who requested him to make a report on his native country and people. He was given an escort for the return trip including a present of ten male and ten female "blackish-coloured dwarfs." However, the officer in charge of the Chinese escort died on the way and Qin Lun had to continue his journey home alone. See: An annotated translation of the ''Weilue''.
227 Roman Empire - Seius Sallustius is executed for attempted murder of his son-in-law Emperor Alexander Severus. Sallustius' daughter, as well Alexander's wife, Sallustia Orbiana, is exiled in Lybia.
230 Ardashir I of Persia invades the Roman province of Mesopotamia. Roman emperor Alexander goes east to fight off the Persians.
251 A fifteen-year plague begins in the Roman Empire.
256 Goths invade Asia Minor. Dacia is lost for the Roman Empire.
258 Gaul, Britain and Spain break off from the Roman Empire to form the Gallic Empire
260 Syria, Egypt and Palestine break off from the Roman Empire to form the Persian-supported Palmyran Empire.
267 Goths launch one of the first major barbarian invasions of the Roman Empire.
274 The Gallic Empire (Gaul and Britain) is reconquered by Aurelian. With the conquests of the Palmyran Empire (272) and the Gallic Empire, the Roman Empire is united again.
311 Galerius issues his Edict of Toleration, ending persecution of Christians in his part of the Roman Empire.
313 Conference at Milan. Constantine issues the Edict of Milan, ending all persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire.
323 Constantine the Great decisively defeats Licinius in the Battle of Chrysopolis, establishing Constantine's sole control over the Roman Empire.
336 The military successes of Emperor Constantine I have resulted in most of Dacia having been reconquered into the Roman Empire.
351 Constantius II elevates his cousin Gallus to Caesar, and puts him in charge of the Eastern part of the Roman Empire.
355 The Lentienses are fined by the Roman commander Arbetio under Emperor Constantius II for several riots against the Roman Empire.
359 Battle of Amida: Shapur II of Persia conquers Amida from the Romans.
378 Mid-February: The Lentienses cross frozen Rhine, invading Roman Empire.
386 The fight in the Roman Empire against anti-pagan laws becomes increasingly futile.
402 Stilicho recalls troops from the frontiers of the Roman Empire to defend Italy against the Visigoths. On April 6 he defeats them at the Battle of Pollentia
410 Emperor Honorius tells Britain to look to its own defences, effectively ending Roman rule in Britain.
423 On the death of Honorius, a ''primicerius notariorum'' (senior civil servant) Joannes seizes the throne of the Western Roman Empire, and is declared emperor.
425 The Sanhedrin is disbanded by the Roman Empire.
528 Justinian appoints a commission (including the jurist Tribonian) to codify all imperial laws that were still in force from Hadrian to the current date. (This becomes the ''Corpus Juris Civilis''.)
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