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First-person shooter
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, displaying the typical perspective of a first-person shooter.]]
First-person shooter (FPS) is a video game genre, featuring a first person perspective, with which the player views the action as if through the eyes of the protagonist and in which the primary element is combat based around shooting. The genre can also fall under the wider definition of shooter game, which in turn falls under action game. First person shooters employ both science fiction and real world settings and may feature realistic design or more stylised gameplay.
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Encyclopedia
, displaying the typical perspective of a first-person shooter.]]
First-person shooter (FPS) is a video game genre, featuring a first person perspective, with which the player views the action as if through the eyes of the protagonist and in which the primary element is combat based around shooting. The genre can also fall under the wider definition of shooter game, which in turn falls under action game. First person shooters employ both science fiction and real world settings and may feature realistic design or more stylised gameplay. From the genre's inception, advanced design elements such as 3D graphics have been utilized, and from the release of Doom onward, multiplayer gaming has been integral.
Though the first person shooter game has since been traced as far back as Maze War (development of which began in 1973 with an unknown completion date) and Spasim (completed in 1974), 1992s Wolfenstein 3D is generally credited with inventing the genre proper and is the basic template on which subsequent first person shooters are based. Doom, released the following year, was the progenitor of the genre's wider popularity and was perhaps the most important and influential first person shooter, particularly with regards to multiplayer. Half-Life, released in 1998, greatly widened the first person shooter's scope with regards to narrative and puzzles and along with its sequel (Half-Life 2, released in 2004), is one the genre's highest points to date. 1997s GoldenEye 007 was the first landmark first person shooter for home consoles, with the Halo series becoming the most popular and critically acclaimed console titles. In the new millennium, the first person shooter is one of the most popular and fastest growing video game genres.
Definition
First-person shooters are a type of 3D shooter game, featuring a first person point of view where the player sees the action as if through the eyes of the player character. The primary design element of first person shooters is combat, mainly involving firearms. First person shooter may be considered a distinct genre in itself, or a type of shooter game, in turn a subgenre of the wider action game genre. Subsequent to the release of the influential Doom, games in this style were commonly termed "Doom clones"; in time this term was largely replaced by "first person shooter". Wolfenstein 3D, released in 1992, the year before Doom, is generally credited with inventing the genre. However, critics have since identified similar though less advanced games completed as far back as 1974. There is sometimes confusion regarding exactly what design elements constitute a first person shooter. For example, games such as Deus Ex or Metroid Prime, which borrow extensively from role playing games and action adventure games respectively, are variously considered first person shooters or defined differently. Some commentators may extend the definition to obliquely include games featuring combat flight simulators, as opposed to characters on foot.
Gameplay
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