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Search and rescue



 
 
For other uses, see Search and rescue (disambiguation)
Search and rescue (disambiguation)

Search and rescue may refer to;*Search and rescue, the search and provision of aid to people in distress or imminent danger*Search and rescue dog, Dogs trained for search and rescue operations...
.


Search and rescue (SAR) is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger.

History One of the world's earliest well documented SAR efforts ensued following the 1656 wreck of the Dutch
Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
 merchant ship Vergulde Draeck
Vergulde Draeck

The Vergulde Draeck was a Netherlands merchant ship of the seventeenth century. It left from Texel bound for Jakarta , but on 28 April 1656 was wrecked off Ledge Point, Western Australia, 107 km north of what is now Perth, Western Australia....
 off the coast of Australia
Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the southern hemisphere comprising the Australia of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and numerous list of islands of Australia in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans....
.






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Encyclopedia


For other uses, see Search and rescue (disambiguation)
Search and rescue (disambiguation)

Search and rescue may refer to;*Search and rescue, the search and provision of aid to people in distress or imminent danger*Search and rescue dog, Dogs trained for search and rescue operations...
.


Canada Search and Rescue
Search and rescue (SAR) is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger.

Definitions of Search and Rescue


There are many different definitions of search and rescue, depending on the agency involved.

  • Canadian Forces
    Canadian Forces

    The Canadian Forces , officially the Canadian Armed Forces , are the unified armed forces of Canada, as constituted by the National Defence Act, which states: "The Canadian Forces are the armed forces of Her Majesty raised by Canada and consist of one Service called the Canadian Armed Forces." This singular institution consists of thre...
    : "Search and Rescue comprises the search for, and provision of aid to, persons, ships or other craft which are, or are feared to be, in distress or imminent danger."


  • United States Coast Guard
    United States Coast Guard

    The United States Coast Guard is a branch of the Military of the United States and one of seven Uniformed services of the United States. In addition to being a military branch at all times, it is unique among the armed forces in that it is also a Admiralty law agency and a Federal government of the United States regulatory agency....
    : "The use of available resources to assist persons or property in potential or actual distress."


  • United States Defense Department: "An operation normally coordinated by a Rescue Coordination Center (RCC) or rescue sub-center, using available personnel and facilities to locate persons in distress" and rescue is "An operation to retrieve persons in distress, provide for their initial medical or other needs, and deliver them to a place of safety."


History

One of the world's earliest well documented SAR efforts ensued following the 1656 wreck of the Dutch
Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
 merchant ship Vergulde Draeck
Vergulde Draeck

The Vergulde Draeck was a Netherlands merchant ship of the seventeenth century. It left from Texel bound for Jakarta , but on 28 April 1656 was wrecked off Ledge Point, Western Australia, 107 km north of what is now Perth, Western Australia....
 off the coast of Australia
Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the southern hemisphere comprising the Australia of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and numerous list of islands of Australia in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans....
. Survivors sent for help, and in response three separate SAR missions were conducted, without success.

Types of Search and Rescue


Mountain Rescue

Mountain Rescue
Mountain rescue

File:Horsk? slu?ba - auto.JPGMountain rescue refers to search and rescue activities that occur in a mountainous environment, although the term is sometimes also used to apply to search and rescue in other wilderness environments....
 relates to search and rescue operations specifically in rugged terrain such as mountains, desert and forest. Also referred to as wilderness search and rescue which includes areas such as sea, lakes, rivers or caves
Cave rescue

Cave rescue is a highly specialized field of wilderness rescue in which injured, trapped or lost cave explorers are medically treated and extracted from various cave environments....
.

Urban search and rescue

Urban search and rescue
Urban search and rescue

Urban search and rescue also known as USAR, or Urban SAR involves the location, extrication, and initial medical stabilization of victims trapped in confined spaces....
 (Also known as Suburban Search and Rescue as USAR Teams often relates to structural collapses and other technical rescue
Technical rescue

Technical rescue refers to those aspects of saving life or property that employ the use of tools and skills that exceed those normally reserved for fire fighting, medical emergency, and rescue....
) operations are Search and Rescue operations conducted in a city.

Combat Search and Rescue

Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR) is a function of special military units during wartime. CSAR consists of operations carried out to retrieve, rescue and provide assistance to downed aircrew or allies behind enemy lines.

Dedicated combat search and rescue helicopters include:
  • HH-3E "Jolly Green Giant"
    Sikorsky S-61R

    The Sikorsky S-61R is a developed version of the SH-3 Sea King, which was also built under license by Agusta as the AS-61R. The S-61R served in the United States Air Force as the CH-3C/E Sea King and the HH-3E Jolly Green Giant, and with the United States Coast Guard as the HH-3F "Pelican"....
  • HH-60 Pave Hawk
    HH-60 Pave Hawk

    The Sikorsky MH-60G/HH-60G Pave Hawk is a twin turboshaft engine helicopter in service with the United States Air Force. It is a derivative of the UH-60 Black Hawk and the US Air Force PAVE electronic systems program....
  • MH-47 Chinook
    CH-47 Chinook

    The Boeing CH-47 Chinook is a versatile, twin-engine, tandem rotor heavy-lift helicopter. Its top speed of 170 knot was faster than utility and attack helicopters of the 1960s and even many of today....
  • MH-53 Pave Low
    MH-53 Pave Low

    The Sikorsky HH-53 "Super Jolly Green Giant" is a version of the Sikorsky Aircraft CH-53 Sea Stallion helicopter for long-range search and rescue helicopters....
  • Eurocopter AS 535 Cougar
  • HH-60H Seahawk


Air Sea Rescue

Air Sea Rescue (ASR) specifically can refer to both the use of aircraft to search for and locate or recover personnel lost at sea and the recovery of downed airmen at sea.

Standards


With or without formal underlying foundations, numerous SAR organisations develop their own proprietary training curricula and operational protocols, which are available and applicable only to their own members.

In the US
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 SAR standards are developed primarily by ASTM International
ASTM International

ASTM International , originally known as the American Society for Testing and Materials, is an international standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services....
 and the US
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 NFPA
National Fire Protection Association

The National Fire Protection Association is a United States organization charged with creating and maintaining minimum standards and requirements for fire prevention and suppression activities, training, and equipment, as well as other life-safety codes and standards....
 which are then used by organizations such as the Mountain Rescue Association (MRA), the US
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 National Association of Search and Rescue (NASAR), and the US
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 NFPA
National Fire Protection Association

The National Fire Protection Association is a United States organization charged with creating and maintaining minimum standards and requirements for fire prevention and suppression activities, training, and equipment, as well as other life-safety codes and standards....
 to develop training that will meet or exceed those standards.

Within ASTM International
ASTM International

ASTM International , originally known as the American Society for Testing and Materials, is an international standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services....
, most standards of relevance to SAR are developed by Committee F32 on Search and Rescue. Formed in 1988, the committee had 85 current members and jurisdiction of 38 approved standards.

International Divisions of Search and Rescue Responsibility


International Waters

International waters are divided into various regions according to the SOLAS
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea

The Safety of Life at Sea is the most important treaty protecting the safety of merchant ships. The first version of the treaty was passed in 1914 in response to the sinking of the RMS Titanic....
 convention. See the map provided by the

SAR by nation


Australia

AusSAR, which is part of the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA
AMSA

AMSA can refer to:* Advanced Manned Strategic Aircraft * Advanced Math and Science Academy* American Meat Science Association* American Medical Student Association...
), provides a national search and rescue service.

AusSAR operates a 24 hour Rescue Coordination Centre (RCC) in Canberra
Canberra

Canberra is the List of Australian capital cities of Australia. With a population of over 340,000, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth largest Australian city overall....
 and is responsible for the national coordination of both maritime and aviation search and rescue. AusSAR is also responsible for the management and operation of the Australian ground segment of the Cospas-Sarsat
Cospas-Sarsat

Cospas-Sarsat is an international satellite-based search and rescue distress alert detection and information distribution system, established by Canada, France, the United States, and the former Soviet Union in 1979....
 distress beacon detection system. The service that spans the nation and covers 52.8 million square kilometres of the Indian, Pacific and Southern Oceans.

AusSAR's RCC is staffed by SAR specialists who have a naval, merchant marine, air force, civil aviation
Civil aviation

Civil aviation is one of two major categories of flying, representing all non-military aviation, both private and commercial. Most of the countries in the world are members of the International Civil Aviation Organization and work together to establish common standards and recommended practices for civil aviation through that agency....
 or police service background. The RCC also coordinates medical evacuations, broadcasts maritime safety information and operates the Australian Ship Reporting System (AUSREP).

State search and rescue State Police
State police

State police are a type of sub-national territorial police force, particularly in Australia and the United States. Some other countries have analogous police forces, such as the provincial police in some Canada provinces, while in other places, the same responsibilities are held by national police forces....
 in many states operate state-based search and rescue squads, such as the Victoria Police Search and Rescue Squad, which provides specialist expertise, advice and practical assistance in land search and rescue on most terrain including snow and vertical cliff search and rescue.

There are also state-based volunteer search and rescue groups such as the Bushwalkers Wilderness Rescue Squad
Bushwalkers Wilderness Rescue Squad

The Bushwalkers Wilderness Rescue Squad is a remote area search and rescue service in New South Wales, Australia. The Squad is made up of fit and experienced volunteers who donate their time as a service to the community....
 in New South Wales
New South Wales

New South Wales is Australia's oldest and most populous States and territories of Australia, located in the south-east of the country, north of Victoria and south of Queensland....
 and Bush Search and Rescue in Victoria
Victoria (Australia)

File:Map Victoria Aboriginal tribes .jpgVictoria is a States and territories of Australia located in the southeastern corner of Australia. It is the smallest mainland state in area but the most Population density and urbanised....
. These state-based groups draw searchers from bushwalking, mountaineering and specialist rescue clubs within their State. A few groups respond on horseback
Mounted search and rescue

Mounted search and rescue is a specialty within search and rescue , using horses for transportation and to search for missing persons. SAR responders on horseback are primarily a search resource, but also can provide off-road logistics support and transportation....
.

Belgium

Search and rescue duties along the Belgian part of the North Sea
North Sea

The North Sea is a marginal sea, epeiric sea on the European continental shelf. The Dover Strait and the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north connect it to the Atlantic Ocean....
 are executed by the Belgian Air Component. From its Koksijde Air Base
Koksijde Air Base

Koksijde Air Base is a Belgian Air Component facility in Koksijde, Belgium. 40 sqn operating 5 Westland Sea King helicopters for search and rescue duties....
 it operates 5 Westland Sea King Mk.48
Westland Sea King

The Westland WS-61 Sea King is a United Kingdom license-built version of the United States SH-3 Sea King helicopter of the same name, built by Westland Helicopters....
 helicopters.

Brazil

Search and rescue duties in Brazil
Brazil

Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is a country in South America. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, occupying nearly half of South America, the List of countries by population country, and the fourth most populous democracy in the world....
 are the responsibility of the Para-SAR
Para-SAR

The Esquadr?o Aeroterrestre de Salvamento known by its nickname Para-SAR, is a Brazilian Air Force airborne search and rescue squadron, based in the city of Rio de Janeiro ....
, of the Brazilian Air Force
Brazilian Air Force

The Brazilian Air Force is the air branch of the Brazilian armed forces and one of the three national uniformed services. The FAB was formed when the Army and Navy air branch were merged into a single military force initially called "National Air Forces"....
.

Canada

Search and rescue duties in Canada are the responsibility of the Canadian Forces
Canadian Forces

The Canadian Forces , officially the Canadian Armed Forces , are the unified armed forces of Canada, as constituted by the National Defence Act, which states: "The Canadian Forces are the armed forces of Her Majesty raised by Canada and consist of one Service called the Canadian Armed Forces." This singular institution consists of thre...
 and Canadian Coast Guard
Canadian Coast Guard

The Canadian Coast Guard is the coast guard of Canada.It is the civilian federal agency responsible for providing maritime search and rescue on its national portion of international waters such as the Great Lakes and St....
 in conjunction with provincial and municipal governments and private organizations. The Department of National Defence (DND) has overall responsibility for the coordinated search and rescue system. Authority for the provision of maritime SAR is assigned to the Minister of Fisheries and Oceans by the Canada Shipping Act and the Canada Oceans Act.

The Canadian Forces has five assigned SAR squadrons:

  • 103 Search and Rescue Squadron
    103 Search and Rescue Squadron

    103 Search and Rescue Squadron of the Canadian Forces Air Command currently operates the CH-149 Cormorant from CFB Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador....
    , CFB Gander
    CFB Gander

    Canadian Forces Base Gander , is a Canadian Forces Base located in Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador. It is operated as an air force base by Canadian Forces Air Command and is home to air/marine search and rescue operations that cover a vast swath of the western North Atlantic and southern Arctic....
    , CH-149 Cormorant
    CH-149 Cormorant

    The CH-149 Cormorant is the Canadian Forces designation for the AgustaWestland AW101 , a helicopter used for air/marine search and rescue in Canada....
  • 413 Transport and Rescue Squadron
    No. 413 Squadron RCAF

    No. 413 Squadron RCAF is an air force squadron of the Canadian Forces. It was originally a flying boat squadron of the Royal Canadian Air Force during the Second World War....
    , CFB Greenwood
    CFB Greenwood

    Canadian Forces Base Greenwood , commonly referred to as CFB Greenwood, is a Canadian Forces Base located in Greenwood, Nova Scotia, Nova Scotia....
    , CH-149 Cormorant
    CH-149 Cormorant

    The CH-149 Cormorant is the Canadian Forces designation for the AgustaWestland AW101 , a helicopter used for air/marine search and rescue in Canada....
     & CC-130 Hercules
  • 424 Transport and Rescue Squadron
    No. 424 Squadron RCAF

    No. 424 Squadron RCAF or 424 Squadron is a search and rescue/transport Squadron of the Canadian Forces and based out of Hangar # 9 with the 8 Wing at CFB Trenton....
    , CFB Trenton
    CFB Trenton

    Canadian Forces Base Trenton , is a Canadian Forces base located northeast of Trenton, Ontario, Ontario. It is operated as an air force base by Canadian Forces Air Command and is the hub for air transport operations in Canada and abroad....
    , CH-149 Cormorant
    CH-149 Cormorant

    The CH-149 Cormorant is the Canadian Forces designation for the AgustaWestland AW101 , a helicopter used for air/marine search and rescue in Canada....
     & CC-130 Hercules
  • 435 Transport and Rescue Squadron
    No. 435 Squadron RCAF

    435 Transport and Rescue Squadron is a Canadian Forces squadron based in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.This squadron flies the Lockheed C-130 Hercules tanker/transport in the airlift search and rescue roles....
    , CFB Winnipeg
    CFB Winnipeg

    Canadian Forces Base Winnipeg is a Canadian Forces Base located in Winnipeg, Manitoba.Co-located at the Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport, CFB Winnipeg is home to many flight operations support divisions, as well as several training schools....
    , CC-130 Hercules
  • 442 Transport and Rescue Squadron
    No. 442 Squadron RCAF

    442 City of Vancouver Squadron is an Canadian Forces Air Command unit with the Canadian Forces. Based at CFB Comox on Vancouver Island it provides Search and Rescue coverage for the West Coast of Canada....
    , CFB Comox
    CFB Comox

    Canadian Forces Base Comox , commonly referred to as CFB Comox, is a Canadian Forces Base located north northeast of Comox, British Columbia, British Columbia....
    , CH-149 Cormorant
    CH-149 Cormorant

    The CH-149 Cormorant is the Canadian Forces designation for the AgustaWestland AW101 , a helicopter used for air/marine search and rescue in Canada....
     & CC-115 Buffalo


Plus three Combat Support Squadrons with SAR roles:

  • 417 Combat Support Squadron
    No. 417 Squadron RCAF

    No. 417 Squadron is an Canadian Forces Air Command unit with the Canadian Forces. Based at CFB Cold Lake it provides helicopter support to the base operations....
    , CFB Cold Lake
    CFB Cold Lake

    Canadian Forces Base Cold Lake , commonly referred to as CFB Cold Lake, is a Canadian Forces Base located adjacent to the city of Cold Lake, Alberta, Alberta....
    , CH-146 Griffon
    CH-146 Griffon

    The Bell Helicopter Textron CH-146 Griffon is the Canadian Forces Air Command variant of the Bell 412, a multi-use utility helicopter. The CH-146 is used in a wide variety of roles, including aerial firepower, reconnaissance and aero-mobility tasks....
  • 439 Combat Support Squadron, CFB Bagotville
    CFB Bagotville

    Canadian Forces Base Bagotville , commonly referred to as CFB Bagotville, is a Canadian Forces Base located west of Bagotville in the city of Saguenay, Quebec, Quebec....
    , CH-146 Griffon
    CH-146 Griffon

    The Bell Helicopter Textron CH-146 Griffon is the Canadian Forces Air Command variant of the Bell 412, a multi-use utility helicopter. The CH-146 is used in a wide variety of roles, including aerial firepower, reconnaissance and aero-mobility tasks....
  • 444 Combat Support Squadron, CFB Goose Bay
    CFB Goose Bay

    Canadian Forces Base Goose Bay , is a Canadian Forces Base located in the town of Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador....
    , CH-146 Griffon
    CH-146 Griffon

    The Bell Helicopter Textron CH-146 Griffon is the Canadian Forces Air Command variant of the Bell 412, a multi-use utility helicopter. The CH-146 is used in a wide variety of roles, including aerial firepower, reconnaissance and aero-mobility tasks....


Denmark

Search and Rescue operators in Denmark
Denmark

Denmark is a Scandinavian country in northern Europe and the senior member of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries....
 are primarily: Danish air force
Royal Danish Air Force

The Royal Danish Air Force is the air force of Denmark, it is an expeditionary Air Force, with capability organised to support both international operations and homeland security....
 Squadron 722, Danish navy air squadron, naval home guard and the administration of navigation and hydrography, coordinated by the Joint Rescue Coordination Centere, operated by the navy and air force in the Danish Naval Commands facilities near Aarhus
Aarhus

Aarhus also commonly known by its contemporary Danish language spelling ?rhus, is the second largest city and the principal port of Denmark, situated on the peninsula of Jutland....
. Internationally the Danish works mainly with Germany
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
, Norway
Norway

Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula....
 and Sweden
Sweden

Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and it is connected to Denmark by the ?resund Bridge in the south....
. With the two latter, the yearly exercises Baltic SAREX and Scan-SAR are conducted.

SAR-services in Denmark started in 1957 with seven Sikorsky S-55. Their radial engine
Radial engine

The radial engine is a reciprocating engine internal combustion engine engine configuration in which the cylinder s point outward from a central crankshaft like the spokes on a wheel....
s only had limited horsepower
Horsepower

Horsepower is the name of several non-International System of Units units of power . It was originally defined to allow the output of steam engines to be measured and compared with the power output of draft horses....
 (550 hp) fuel capacity, so their operational area was also rather limited. To gain more operational area, it was decided to add some Pembroke
Percival Pembroke

The Percival Pembroke was a United Kingdom high-wing twin-engined light transport aircraft built by the Percival Aircraft Company, later Hunting Aircraft....
 two engine aircraft for search. These aircraft would then localize the distress
Distress

The word distress has various meanings:-*Distress occurs when an individual cannot adapt to stress . See also fetal distress, respiratory distress....
ed person(s) and the S-55's would then fly out to that location for rescue. Originally the only SAR-service performed, was for crashed fighter-planes (79 aircraft crashed, with 62 dead, in the period 1950-1955), but today also civilan SAR-duties are taken care of.

In 1962 eight ship-based Alouette III
Aérospatiale Alouette III

The A?rospatiale Alouette III is a single-engine, light utility helicopter developed by Sud Aviation and later manufactured by A?rospatiale of France....
 was received. These was primarily meant for the ships patrolling in the North Atlantic, but also supported the S-55's. In 1964 - 1965 the seven S-55 was replaced with eight Sikorsky S-61A helicopters. This helicopter, was originally inteded for - and constructed as such - anti-submarine warfare
Anti-submarine warfare

Anti-submarine warfare is a branch of naval warfare that uses surface warships, aircraft, or other submarines to find, track and then damage or destroy enemy submarines....
. On this Danish variant, the heavy sonar
Sonar

Sonar is a technique that uses sound propagation to navigation, communicate with or detect other vessels. There are two kinds of sonar: active and passive....
 equipment was removed and instead extra fuel storage was added. This gave these helicopters a very large operational area. In 1977 radar
Radar

Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic radiation waves to identify the range, altitude, direction, or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as aircraft, ships, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain....
-equipment was installed and in 1990 a FLIR was added. Further avionics
Avionics

Avionics means "aviation electronics". It comprises Electronics systems for use on aircraft, artificial satellites and spacecraft, comprising communications, navigation and the display and management of multiple systems....
 and navigation
Navigation

Navigation is the process of reading, and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another. It is also the term of art used for the specialized knowledge used by navigators to perform navigation tasks....
al systems (such as GPS) has also been added through time.

In 1977 the naval air squadron was exfilled and created as an independent squadron in the navy and began replacing the Alouette III's with Westland Lynx
Westland Lynx

The Westland Lynx is a British helicopter designed by and built Westland Helicopters at its factory in Yeovil. Originally intended as a utility craft for both civil and naval usage, military interest led to the development of both battlefield and naval variants, which went into operational usage in 1977 and were later adopted by the armed for...
 helicopters. Their primary operational area was still the North Atlantic, but they continued their (much lesser since the introduction of the S-61) support roles. In 2006, the first of the S-61 was replaced by one of 14 new AugustaWestland EH-101 "Merlin"
AgustaWestland EH101

The AgustaWestland AW101 is a medium-lift helicopter for military applications but also marketed for civil use. The helicopter was developed as a joint venture between Westland Aircraft in the United Kingdom and Agusta in Italy ....
 helicopters. In 2007 the Danish Defence held a public display in Horsens
Horsens

Horsens is a Denmark city in east Jutland. It is the site of the council of Horsens municipality. The city itself has 51,670 inhabitants and the Horsens municipality has 80,102 ....
, to raise awareness about resuce services and maritime safety (Denmark has a relative large amount of costal line).

Today the SAR-components in Denmark are eight EH-101's, one or two Lynx's, 34 naval home guard vessels and 21 rescue vessels as well as the naval vessels at sea. The EH-101's are operates from bases in Aalborg
Aalborg

Aalborg is a city in Denmark. Its population, as of 2008, is 121,818, making it the fourth largest in the country after Copenhagen, Aarhus, and Odense....
 (EKYT), Skrydstrup (EKSP) and Roskilde
Roskilde

Roskilde Roskilde train station is a major stop between Copenhagen and the region of Denmark located to its west. The city is an economic center for the region....
 (EKRK). In rough weather aircraft are also posted on the island of Bornholm
Bornholm

Bornholm is a Denmark island in the Baltic Sea located to the east of the rest of Denmark, the south of Sweden, and the north of Poland. The main industries on the island include fishing, arts and crafts like glass making and pottery using locally worked clay, and dairy farming....
 (EKRN) in the Baltic Sea
Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is a brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53?N to 66?N latitude and from 20?E to 26?E longitude. It is bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of Europe, and the Denmark islands....
. The Lynx's operates from KARUP
Karup

Karup may refer to:* Karup Municipality* Karup Airport...
 (EKKA
Ekka

The Ekka is the annual Agricultural show of Queensland, Australia. Its formal title is the Royal Queensland Show. It was originally called the Brisbane Exhibition and therefore is now usually known as Ekka, due to the phenomenon in Australian English of shortening lengthy words....
). The maritime vessels are spread out through the entire coastline and on islands. The S-61' and EH-101's has a crew of six: Two pilot
Aviator

An aviator is a person who flies aircraft for pleasure or as a profession.The feminine word aviatrix is sometimes used and is the correct term to refer to all women pilots....
s, a navigator
Navigator

A navigator is the person onboard a ship or aircraft responsible for its navigation. The navigator's primary responsibility is to be aware of ship or aircraft position at all times....
, a medic
Medic

Medic is a general term for a person involved in medicine, especially emergency or first-response medicine, such as an emergency medical technician, paramedic, or a military member trained in battlefield medicine....
, a physician
Physician

A physician, medical practitioner, doctor of medicine, or medical doctor practices medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease and injury....
 and a rescue swimmer
Rescue swimmer

Though the term rescue swimmer may be applied to any number of water rescue professionals, the term is most often applied to personnel in the Coast Guards, fire and rescue services and military branches....
.

Estonia

The Estonian Border Guard (Piirivalve
Piirivalve

The Estonian Border Guard is the Estonian security authority responsible for the border security. It is a military organization, subordinate to the Politics of Estonia....
) is the Estonian security authority responsible for the border security. It is the main support organisation for search and rescue missions in Estonia, and operates a small fleet of SAR vessels and helicopters.

Germany

Search and Rescue in German waters is conducted by the Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Rettung Schiffbrüchiger
Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Rettung Schiffbrüchiger

The Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Rettung Schiffbr?chiger or DGzRS is responsible for Search and Rescue in Germany territorial waters in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, including the Exclusive Economic Zone....
 DGzRS (literally translated: German Society for the Saving of Shipwrecked, more common: German Maritime Rescue Service GMRS) with air support by the Germany Navy and the German Air Force
Luftwaffe

is a generic German term for an air force. It is also the official name for two of the four historic German air forces, the Wehrmacht air arm founded in 1933 and disbanded in 1946; and the current Bundeswehr air arm founded in 1956....
. All incoming requests are coordinated by the Maritime Rescue Coordination Center in Bremen
Bremen

Bremen is a Hanseatic League city in northwestern Germany . It is a port city, situated along the Weser River, about south from its mouth on the North Sea....
. The DGzRS is a non-governmental organization entirely supported by donations . Besides the offshore Search And Rescue services, the German Air Force provides such as well, using Bell UH-1D "Huey" helicopters.. Inland, there are mounted SAR groups affiliated with Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe
Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe

Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe e.V. , commonly referred to as Die Johanniter, is a voluntary association humanitarianism organisation affilated with the Order of Saint John , the Germany Protestantism descendant of the Knights Hospitaller....
, an organization that provides road-based first responder
First responder

First responder is a term used to describe the first medically-trained responder to arrive on scene of an emergency, accident, natural or human-made disaster, or similar event....
 services; these groups provide comparable services off road, usually at field sporting events.

Hong Kong

SAR operations are conducted by the Government Flying Service and before 1991 by the Royal Hong Kong Auxiliary Air Force
Royal Hong Kong Auxiliary Air Force

The Royal Hong Kong Auxiliary Air Force , was an auxiliary unit of the United Kingdom Royal Air Force, based in Hong Kong. In preparation for the transfer of the sovereignty of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China, the unit was disbanded on 1 April 1993....
. Their fleet consists of nine aircraft including:
  • 2 BAe Jetstream 41
    BAe Jetstream 41

    The Jetstream 41 is a turboprop-powered feederliner and regional airliner, designed by British Aerospace as a "stretched" version of the popular Handley Page Jetstream....
  • 3 Eurocopter Super Puma
    Eurocopter Super Puma

    The Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma is a four-bladed, twin-engine, medium-size utility helicopter marketed for both civil and military use. Originally designed and built by A?rospatiale, it is an enlarged and re-engined version of the original A?rospatiale Puma....
     (Super Puma L2)
  • 4 Eurocopter EC155 B1
    Eurocopter EC 155

    The Eurocopter EC155 is a long-range medium-lift passenger transport helicopter developed by Eurocopter from the Eurocopter Dauphin family for civil aviation use....


Mountain rescue operations are carried by the Mountain Search and Rescue Company
Mountain Search and Rescue Company

Mountain Search and Rescue Company is a unit under Civil Aid Service in Hong Kong. The unit is responsible for rescuing task in mountains such as rescuing hikers who are getting lost....
 of Hong Kong Civil Aid Service
Civil Aid Service

The Civil Aid Service or CAS in short is a civil organisation that assist in a variety of auxiliary emergency roles, including search and rescue operations in Hong Kong:...
 in conjunction with the Hong Kong Fire Services Dept and the air support from the Government Flying Service. Hong Kong Marine Police
Hong Kong Marine Police

The Marine Region of the Hong Kong Police Force, also known as the Marine Police. Its headquarter is located at Sai Wan Ho. Their 166 launches and craft, patrols some 1850km? of waters within Hong Kong's territory, including the Victoria Harbour and 244 Islands of Hong Kong....
 vessels and rescue divers from Hong Kong Fire Services Dept work with air support from the Government Flying Service to conduct maritime SAR within Hong Kong waters.

Iceland

Search and Rescue operations in Iceland are mainly handled by the Icelandic Association for Search and Rescue (Slysavarnafélagið Landsbjörg) which operates numerous vehicles and boats across the country, along with the Icelandic Coast Guard
Icelandic Coast Guard

The Icelandic Coast Guard is the armed service responsible for Iceland's coastal defense and maritime search and rescue. Origins of the Icelandic Coast Guard can be traced to 1859, when the corvette ?rnen started patrolling Icelandic waters....
 which operates SAR helicopters and patrol vessels.

The unique thing about Iceland Association for Search and Rescue is that it is operated almost solely on volunteer's contribution. The rescue units are more than 100 in total and are located in almost every part of the country. All the units contain groups of specially trained individuals.

Ireland

SAR services are provided by a civilian body, the Irish Coast Guard
Irish Coast Guard

The Irish Coast Guard is part of the Department of Transport . The coast guard is responsible for:*Search and Rescue*Pollution and Salvage response in the marine environment...
. It has responsibility for the Irish Search and Rescue Region.

The Royal National Lifeboat Institution RNLI provide the waterborne element of Search and Rescue around the coast of Ireland from 43 lifeboat stations including inland stations at Enniskillen and Lough Derg.

Italy

Search and rescue is the responsibility of the Guardia Costiera.

Malta

The responsibility for SAR at sea in the Malta Search and Rescue Region falls under the Armed Forces of Malta
Armed Forces of Malta

The Armed Forces of Malta is the name given to the combined armed services of Malta. The AFM is a brigade sized organisation consisting of a headquarters and three separate battalions....
 (AFM). It is carried out by maritime patrol aircraft, helicopters and vessels under the co-ordination, command and control of the Rescue Co-ordination Centre.

The AFM, in close collaboration with the US Coast Guard, also runs a Search and Rescue Training Centre for International Students in Maritime SAR Mission Co-ordination and Planning. To date more than 30 foreign students from 15 countries including Albania, Cameroon, Croatia, Equatorial Guinea and Kenya have attended these courses.

Malta is also in talks with Libya
Libya

Libya , officially the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya , is a country located in North Africa. Bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Libya lies between Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west....
 about enhancing SAR cooperation between the two countries.

Netherlands

SAR responsibility in the Netherlands is held by the Dutch Coast Guard, carried out by vessels and aircraft from various organisations among which the Koninklijke Nederlandse Redding Maatschappij
Koninklijke Nederlandse Redding Maatschappij

The Royal Netherlands Sea Rescue Institution is the voluntary organization in the Netherlands tasked with saving lives at sea. For that purpose, it maintains 39 Lifeboat stations along the Dutch coast of the North Sea and Wadden Sea and on the IJsselmeer....
, Ministry of Transportation and Water Management
Ministry of Transportation and Water Management (Netherlands)

The Ministry of Transportation and Water Management is the Politics of the Netherlands ministry responsible for the Dutch system of water management, Transport in the Netherlands and infrastructure....
 and the Navy
Royal Netherlands Navy

The Koninklijke Marine is the navy of the Netherlands....
 and Air Force
Royal Netherlands Air Force

The Royal Netherlands Air Force , Dutch language Koninklijke Luchtmacht , is the aviation branch of the Netherlands armed forces. Its ancestor, the Luchtvaartafdeeling of the Dutch Army was founded on July 1, 1913, with just four pilots....
.

New Zealand

New Zealand
New Zealand

New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses , and numerous Islands of New Zealand, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands....
's Search and Rescue Region extends from the South Pole
South Pole

The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is one of the two points where the Earth's rotation intersects the surface....
 to the southern border of the Honolulu region, including Norfolk, Tonga, Samoa, and Cook Islands
Cook Islands

The Cook Islands are a self-governing parliamentary democracy in Associated state with New Zealand. The fifteen small islands in this Pacific Ocean country have a total land area of 240 square kilometres , but the Cook Islands Exclusive Economic Zone covers 1.8 million square kilometres of ocean....
.

Smaller searches are controlled by the local police
New Zealand Police

The New Zealand Police is the national police force of New Zealand, responsible for enforcing criminal and traffic law, enhancing public safety, maintaining order and keeping the peace throughout New Zealand....
, who call on LandSAR for land-based operations, such as for lost hikers
Hiking

Hiking is an outdoor activity which consists of walking in natural environments, often on trail. It is such a popular activity that there are numerous :Category:Hiking organizations worldwide....
, and the Royal New Zealand Coastguard
Royal New Zealand Coastguard

The Royal New Zealand Coastguard is the civilian volunteer coast guard of New Zealand, the primary search and rescue organisation for the nation's coastal waterways and major lakes....
 for coastal maritime incidents. Larger maritime search and rescue events, as well as reports of overdue aircraft, fall under the control of the National Rescue Coordination Centre, based in Wellington, which coordinates response from local coastguard, helicopter operators, merchant marine, air force and naval resources.

Norway

Biskop Hvoslef
Norsk Selskab til Skibbrudnes Redning
Norsk Selskab til Skibbrudnes Redning

The Redningsselskapet was founded on 9 July 1891. The purpose of the organisation is to save lives and property at sea.The first rescue boat went into service in 1893, and in 1894 the Colin Archer saved 37 lives in a storm off the coast of Finnmark....
, also called the Redningsselskapet (English: Norwegian Society for Sea Rescue (NSSR)), is Norway's maritime rescue service. They have 43 search and rescue boats based from Oslo in the south to Båtsfjord in the north. Thirteen of these boats are operated by volunteers.

The NSSR was founded on 9 July 1891, with a clearly defined goal – to save lives at sea. The NSSR is a humanitarian organization aiming at saving lives and recovering property at sea. Maintaining rescue services along the Norwegian coast, and neighbouring sea areas where such services may be necessary. The NSSR also runs an information service and educational programs designed to improve safety for boaters. The first rescue boats, the Colin Archer
Colin Archer

File:Colin_Archer_Statue.jpgColin Archer was a naval architecture and shipbuilding from Larvik, Norway. He was born of Scotland parents who emigrated to Norway in 1825....
-class, were introduced in 1893. They were powered by only by sails and oars. NSSR’s boats and crew have saved over 6,200 people. More than 500,000 people have received assistance.

The search and rescue helicopters are operated by the Royal Norwegian Air Force
Royal Norwegian Air Force

The Royal Norwegian Air Force is the air force of Norway. It was established as a separate arm of the Norwegian armed forces on 10 November, 1944....
 (RNoAF), who fly 12 Westland Sea King
Westland Sea King

The Westland WS-61 Sea King is a United Kingdom license-built version of the United States SH-3 Sea King helicopter of the same name, built by Westland Helicopters....
s. These are scheduled to be replaced by the NHI NH90
NHI NH90

The NHI NH90 is a medium sized, twin-engine, multi-role military, fly-by-wire helicopter manufactured by NHIndustries. The NH90, which can be flown by a single pilot, is designed to operate by night and day and in poor weather....
.

Norwegian Red Cross (Røde Kors Hjelpekorps) have a large number of local SAR teams spread across the country. These are all manned with volunteer SAR workers. With 13,500 members in 320 local teams, this is by far the largest SAR organisation in Norway. Missions include assisting the police searching for missing people in woodlands and the mountains, search and rescue in lakes, rivers and at sea, and finally assisting skiers and holiday makers in the mountains during winter time. All volunteers have an extended First Aid education and certification, most are certified on HeartStart machines and trained in search techniques. Many of the local teams also operates ambulances and have crews trained for this.

The Norsk Luftambulanse
Norsk Luftambulanse

Stiftelsen Norsk Luftambulanse is a Norway non-profit foundation that promotes and implements measures to provide emergency medical assistance....
-group (Norwegian Air Ambulance
Norwegian Air Ambulance

The Norwegian Air Ambulance is an aerial ambulance service in Norway organised through the government owned limited company Luftambulansetjenesten ....
), and the company Lufttransport
Lufttransport

Lufttransport is a Norway helicopter and fixed-wing airline that operates primarily air ambulance helicopters and planes for the Norwegian and Sweden governments....
 provides medical evacuation services throughout the country.

South Africa

The South African Search and Rescue Organization (SASAR), is a voluntary organization that functions under the auspices of the Department of Transport. SASAR is responsible for responding to aviation and maritime incidents. It's main role is to search for, assist and carry out rescue operations for the survivors of aircraft or vessel accidents.

Depending on the nature of the accident, the RCC's (ARCC or MRCC) coordinate the search and rescue missions. These operations are carried out by other government departments, non governmental organizations, commercial/private organizations and voluntary organizations.

United Kingdom

Sea
In the UK
United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
, maritime search and rescue is coordinated by HM Coastguard
Her Majesty's Coastguard

Her Majesty's Coastguard is the service of the government of the United Kingdom concerned with co-ordinating rescue at sea.HM Coastguard is a section of the Maritime and Coastguard Agency responsible for the initiation and co-ordination of all civilian maritime Search and Rescue within the UK Maritime Search and Rescue Region....
, while land-based operations are usually coordinated by the local Police
Policing in the United Kingdom

Law enforcement in the United Kingdom is organised separately in Scotland, Northern Ireland and England & Wales , and arranged in geographical police areas matched to the boundaries of one or more local government areas in the United Kingdom....
 force. The operation itself is carried out with aircraft from the Royal Navy
Royal Navy

The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British Armed Forces . From the mid-18th century until well into the 20th century, it was the most powerful navy in the world, playing a key part in establishing the British Empire as the dominant world power from 1815 until the early 1940s....
, Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force

The Royal Air Force is the United Kingdom's air force, the oldest independent air force in the world. Formed on 1 April 1918, the RAF has taken a significant role in British military history ever since, playing a large part in World War II and in more recent conflicts....
 or Coastguard, RNLI
Royal National Lifeboat Institution

The Royal National Lifeboat Institution is a charity that saves lives at sea around the coasts of the British Isles, as well as inshore. It was founded on 4 March 1824 as the National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck, adopting the present name in 1854....
 lifeboat
Lifeboat (rescue)

The meaning of lifeboat or motor lifeboat described in this article is that of 'a shore-based boat designed with special features for searching for, rescuing and saving the lives of people in peril at sea in inshore waters'....
s and police, military or volunteer mountain rescue
Mountain rescue

File:Horsk? slu?ba - auto.JPGMountain rescue refers to search and rescue activities that occur in a mountainous environment, although the term is sometimes also used to apply to search and rescue in other wilderness environments....
 or ALSAR (Association of Lowland Search and Rescue) teams. Aircraft coordination is carried out by the UK Aeronautical Rescue Coordination Centre (ARCC
ARCC

The United Kingdom's Aeronautical Rescue Coordination Centre is based at RAF Kinloss, near Forres in Moray. The centre is responsible for coordinating all Royal Air Force, Royal Navy and Maritime and Coastguard Agency Search and Rescue helicopters, and also the Royal Air Force Mountain Rescue Service....
) based at RAF Kinloss
RAF Kinloss

RAF Kinloss is a Royal Air Force station. It is near Kinloss, on the Moray Firth in the north of Scotland. The station is home to all of the Hawker-Siddeley Nimrod fleet in the Royal Air Force....
 in the north of Scotland. The centre is responsible for tasking and coordinating all of the UK's search and rescue helicopter and RAF mountain rescue teams.

In 2006, the government announced controversial plans to effectively privatise provision of search and rescue helicopters in order to replace the aging Sea King
Westland Sea King

The Westland WS-61 Sea King is a United Kingdom license-built version of the United States SH-3 Sea King helicopter of the same name, built by Westland Helicopters....
s currently in use, although they have suggested that crews may, at least partially, still be made up of military personnel
Soldier

A soldier is a general English term that refers to a land component of national armed forces.In most societies of the world, "soldier" is also a general term for any member of the land forces including Commissioned officer and non-commissioned officers....
.

See also

  • Avalanche
    Avalanche

    An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a slope, from either natural triggers or human activity. Typically occurring in mountainous terrain, an avalanche can mix air and water with the descending snow....
  • Cave rescue
    Cave rescue

    Cave rescue is a highly specialized field of wilderness rescue in which injured, trapped or lost cave explorers are medically treated and extracted from various cave environments....
  • Cospas-Sarsat
    Cospas-Sarsat

    Cospas-Sarsat is an international satellite-based search and rescue distress alert detection and information distribution system, established by Canada, France, the United States, and the former Soviet Union in 1979....
  • International Search and Rescue Advisory Group
    International Search and Rescue Advisory Group

    The INSARAG is a UN Organization that promotes the exchange of information between national USAR Organizations.INSARAG intends to establish standards for the coordination of earthquake responses....
  • Mountain rescue
    Mountain rescue

    File:Horsk? slu?ba - auto.JPGMountain rescue refers to search and rescue activities that occur in a mountainous environment, although the term is sometimes also used to apply to search and rescue in other wilderness environments....
  • Mounted search and rescue
    Mounted search and rescue

    Mounted search and rescue is a specialty within search and rescue , using horses for transportation and to search for missing persons. SAR responders on horseback are primarily a search resource, but also can provide off-road logistics support and transportation....
  • Search and rescue dog
    Search and rescue dog

    The use of dogs in search and rescue is a valuable component in responding to law enforcement requests for missing people. Dedicated handlers and hard working, well-trained dogs are required in search efforts to be effective in their task....


Groups


  • Air Force Rescue Coordination Center
    Air Force Rescue Coordination Center

    As the United States' inland search and rescue coordinator, the Air Force Rescue Coordination Center serves as the single agency responsible for coordinating on-land federal SAR activities in the 48 contiguous United States, Mexico and Canada....
  • Arapahoe Rescue Patrol
    Arapahoe Rescue Patrol

    The Arapahoe Rescue Patrol is a voluntary search and rescue team based in Arapahoe County, Colorado. Arapahoe Rescue Patrol has been entirely commanded and staffed by high school students since the formation of the team in 1957, with adults providing financial and administrative support....
  • Brothers to the Rescue
    Brothers to the Rescue

    Brothers to the Rescue is a Miami-based activist organization headed by Jos? Basulto. Formed by Cuban exiles, the group is widely known for its Opposition to Fidel Castro to the Cuban government and, then, President of Cuba Fidel Castro....
  • Canadian Coast Guard
    Canadian Coast Guard

    The Canadian Coast Guard is the coast guard of Canada.It is the civilian federal agency responsible for providing maritime search and rescue on its national portion of international waters such as the Great Lakes and St....
  • Cardiff and Vale Rescue Association
    Cardiff and Vale Rescue Association

    The Cardiff and Vale Rescue Association is a voluntary search and rescue organisation, operating within the City of Cardiff and the Vale of Glamorgan....
  • Civil Air Patrol
    Civil Air Patrol

    The Civil Air Patrol is a United States Congress chartered, federally supported, Non-profit organization corporation that serves as the official Auxiliaries of the United States Air Force ....
     (CAP)
  • Coast Guard
    Coast guard

    A coast guard is a national organization responsible for various services at sea. However the term implies widely different responsibilities in different countries....
  • Emergency Locator Transmitter for missing aircraft
  • Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon
    Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon

    Distress radio beacons, also known as emergency beacons, are tracking transmitters which aid in the detection and location of boats, aircraft, and people in distress....
     (EPIRB)
  • Explorer Search and Rescue
  • Heavy Urban Search and Rescue, Toronto, Canada
    Heavy Urban Search and Rescue, Toronto, Canada

    Heavy Urban Search and Rescue or HUSAR is a joint unit of Toronto Fire Services, Toronto Police Service and Toronto EMS created to deal with search and rescue operations in the City of Toronto....
  • Long Beach Search & Rescue
    Long Beach Search & Rescue

    Long Beach Search & Rescue is a specialist Exploring of the Learning for Life program with the Boy Scouts of America. It is an urban search and rescue unit based out of Long Beach, California, and is sponsored by the Long Beach Police Motor Patrol Association and Long Beach Firefighters' Associations....
  • Maryland State Police
    Maryland State Police

    The Maryland State Police is the official state police force of the State of Maryland....
  • MEDEVAC
    MEDEVAC

    Medical evacuation, often termed MEDEVAC or medivac, is the timely and efficient movement and en route care provided by medical personnel to the wounded being evacuated from the battlefield or to injured patients being evacuated from the scene of an accident to receiving medical facilities using medically equipped ground vehicl...
  • Mercia Inshore Search and Rescue
    Mercia Inshore Search and Rescue

    Mercia Inshore Search and Rescue , also known as Mercia Rescue, is a water rescue team operating from the marina in Upton-upon-Severn, Worcestershire, England....
  • Multnomah County Sheriff's Office Search and Rescue
    Multnomah County Sheriff's Office Search and Rescue

    Multnomah County Sheriff's Office Search and Rescue is a not for profit volunteer search and rescue resource for the Multnomah County Sheriff's Office in Multnomah County, Oregon, United States....
  • National Association of Volunteer Search and Rescue Teams
    National Association of Volunteer Search and Rescue Teams

    The National Association of Volunteer Search and Rescue Teams, Inc. was founded in 2006 as a non-profit organization dedicated to the support of the nation's volunteer search and rescue organizations....
      (NAVSAR)
  • North Carolina Canine Emergency Response Team
    NCCERT

    NCCERT , is a State-wide volunteer organization providing search and rescue services to local, state and federal agencies. NCCERT is based out of the Raleigh, North Carolina area of North Carolina....
     (NCCERT)
  • Scarborough and Ryedale mountain rescue team
    Scarborough and Ryedale mountain rescue team

    The Scarborough and Ryedale Mountain Rescue Team provides Search and Rescue services in and around the Scarborough and Ryedale areas of North Yorkshire, England....
  • Ski patrol
    Ski patrol

    A ski patrol is an organization that provides first aid and rescue services to skiing and participants of other snow sports, either at a ski area or in a back country setting....
  • Snohomish County Volunteer Search and Rescue
    Snohomish County Volunteer Search and Rescue

    Snohomish County Volunteer Search and Rescue is a search and rescue organization in Snohomish County, Washington, USA.SCVSAR is made up of several specialized units as well as units distributed geographically within the county....
  • Superstition Search and Rescue
  • Westpac Life Saver Rescue Helicopter
  • United States Air Force Pararescue
  • United States Coast Guard
    United States Coast Guard

    The United States Coast Guard is a branch of the Military of the United States and one of seven Uniformed services of the United States. In addition to being a military branch at all times, it is unique among the armed forces in that it is also a Admiralty law agency and a Federal government of the United States regulatory agency....
  • United States Coast Guard Auxiliary
    United States Coast Guard Auxiliary

    The United States Coast Guard Auxiliary was established on June 23, 1939 by an act of Congress as the United States Coast Guard Reserve and re-designated as the Auxiliary on February 19, 1941....
  • United States Homeland Emergency Response Organization (US-HERO)
  • USAR Teams
  • US Search And Rescue Task force
  • Wilderness first aid
    Wilderness first aid

    Wilderness first aid is the specific discipline of First aid which relates to care in remote areas, where emergency medical services will be difficult to obtain or will take a long time to arrive....


External links

  • Extract from Jane's Defence Weekly article (3 August 2006)
  • National Association for Search and Rescue (U.S.)