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The Niagara River flows north from Lake Erie
Lake Erie

Lake Erie is the fourth largest lake of the five Great Lakes, and the tenth largest globally. It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time....
 to Lake Ontario
Lake Ontario

Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. The lake is bounded on the north by the Canadian province of Ontario and on the south by Ontario's Niagara Peninsula and by the U.S....
. It serves as part of the border between the Province of Ontario
Ontario

Ontario is a Provinces and territories of Canada located in the Central Canada part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest, after Quebec, in total area....
 in Canada
Canada

Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
 and New York
New York

The State of New York is a U.S. state in the Mid-Atlantic States and Northeastern United States regions of the United States and is the nation's List of U.S....
 State in the United States
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
. There are differing theories as to the origin of the name of the river. According to Iroquoian scholar Bruce Trigger
Bruce Trigger

Bruce Graham Trigger was a Canada archaeology, Anthropology, and ethnohistory.Born in Preston, Ontario, he received a doctorate in archaeology from Yale University in 1964....
, "Niagara" is derived from the name given to a branch of the locally residing native Neutral Confederacy
Neutral Nation

The Neutrals, also known as the Attawandaron, were an Iroquoian nation of Aboriginal peoples in Canada who lived near the shores of Lake Ontario and Lake Erie....
, who are described as being called the "Niagagarega" people on several late 17th century French maps of the area.






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The Niagara River flows north from Lake Erie
Lake Erie

Lake Erie is the fourth largest lake of the five Great Lakes, and the tenth largest globally. It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time....
 to Lake Ontario
Lake Ontario

Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. The lake is bounded on the north by the Canadian province of Ontario and on the south by Ontario's Niagara Peninsula and by the U.S....
. It serves as part of the border between the Province of Ontario
Ontario

Ontario is a Provinces and territories of Canada located in the Central Canada part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest, after Quebec, in total area....
 in Canada
Canada

Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
 and New York
New York

The State of New York is a U.S. state in the Mid-Atlantic States and Northeastern United States regions of the United States and is the nation's List of U.S....
 State in the United States
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
. There are differing theories as to the origin of the name of the river. According to Iroquoian scholar Bruce Trigger
Bruce Trigger

Bruce Graham Trigger was a Canada archaeology, Anthropology, and ethnohistory.Born in Preston, Ontario, he received a doctorate in archaeology from Yale University in 1964....
, "Niagara" is derived from the name given to a branch of the locally residing native Neutral Confederacy
Neutral Nation

The Neutrals, also known as the Attawandaron, were an Iroquoian nation of Aboriginal peoples in Canada who lived near the shores of Lake Ontario and Lake Erie....
, who are described as being called the "Niagagarega" people on several late 17th century French maps of the area. According to George R. Stewart
George R. Stewart

George Rippey Stewart was an United States toponymist, a novelist, and a professor of English at the University of California, Berkeley....
, it comes from the name of an Iroquois
Iroquois

The Iroquois Confederacy is a group of First Nations/Native Americans in the United States that originally consisted of five nations: the Mohawk nation, the Oneida tribe, the Onondaga , the Cayuga nation, and the Seneca nation....
 town called "Ongniaahra", meaning "point of land cut in two".

The river, which is occasionally described as a strait
Strait

A strait or straits is a narrow, navigable channel of water that connects two larger navigable bodies of water. It most commonly refers to a channel of water that lies between two land masses, but it may also refer to a navigable channel through a body of water that is otherwise not navigable, for example because it is too shallow, or...
, is approximately 56 kilometres (35 mi) long and includes Niagara Falls
Niagara Falls

The Niagara Falls are massive waterfalls on the Niagara River, straddling the Canada?United States border between the Provinces and territories of Canada of Ontario and the U.S....
 along its course. The falls have moved upstream from the Niagara Escarpment
Niagara Escarpment

The Niagara Escarpment is a long escarpment, or cuesta, in the United States and Canada that runs westward from New York State, through Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin and Illinois....
 about kilometers (7 mi) in the last 12,000 years, resulting in a gorge below the falls. Today, diversion of the river for electricity generation
Electricity generation

Electricity generation is the process of converting non-electrical energy to electricity. For electric utility, it is the first process in the delivery of electricity to consumers....
 has significantly reduced the rate of erosion.

Power plants on the river are the Sir Adam Beck Hydroelectric Power Stations
Sir Adam Beck Hydroelectric Power Stations

Sir Adam Beck Hydroelectric Power Stations are two hydro electric power stations in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. The stations divert water from the Niagara River above the falls which flows back into the lower portion of the river, and together produce up to 1,600 MW....
, on the Canadian side, and the Robert Moses
Robert Moses Hydro-Electric Dam

Robert Moses Niagara Power Plant is a hydroelectricity power plant in Lewiston, NY near Niagara Falls, NY. The plant diverts water from Niagara River above Niagara Falls and returns the water into the lower portion of the river near Lake Ontario....
 Niagara Power Plant, built in 1961, on the American side. The sites generate 4.4 gigawatts of electricity combined. The river flow is also regulated by the International Control Works built in 1954. Shipping on the Great Lakes
Great Lakes

The St. Lawrence River Great Lakes are a chain of fresh water lakes located in eastern North America, on the Canada ? United States border. Consisting of Lakes Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario, they form the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth....
 bypasses the Niagara River and Niagara Falls using the Welland Canal
Welland Canal

The Welland Canal is a ship canal that runs 42 km from Port Colborne, Ontario on Lake Erie to Port Weller, Ontario on Lake Ontario. As part of the St....
, part of the Saint Lawrence Seaway
Saint Lawrence Seaway

The St. Lawrence Seaway is the common name for a system of canals that permits ocean-going vessels to travel from the Atlantic Ocean to the North American Great Lakes, as far as Lake Superior....
, located on the Canadian side.

American Falls and Goat Island in Winter From Skylon Tower
The total drop in elevation along the river is 326 ft (99 m). The Niagara Gorge extends 7 mi (11 km) downstream from the Falls and includes the Niagara Whirlpool and another section of rapids. It also one of the few large rivers in North America to flow northward.

The Niagara River features two large islands, Grand Island
Grand Island, New York

Grand Island is a town and an island in Erie County, New York, New York, United States. As of the 2000 census, the town population was 18,621. The current town name derives from the French name "La Grande Ile," as Grand Island is the largest island in the Niagara River....
 and Goat Island
Goat Island (New York)

Goat Island is a small uninhabited island in the Niagara River, located in the middle of Niagara Falls between the Bridal Veil Falls and Horseshoe Falls ....
, both in the United States. The western end of the Erie Canal
Erie Canal

The Erie Canal is a man-made waterway in New York state that runs about 365 miles from Albany on the Hudson River to Buffalo, New York at Lake Erie, completing a navigable water route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes....
 is near Grand Island. Goat Island and the tiny Luna Island
Luna Island

Luna Island is a very small uninhabited island in Niagara Falls, New York, New York. It is between the American Falls and Bridal Veil Falls , which are two of the three waterfalls that make up Niagara Falls....
 split Niagara Falls into its three sections, the Horseshoe, Bridal Veil, and American Falls. Navy Island
Navy Island

Navy Island is a small island in the Niagara River in the province of Ontario, Canada. It is currently under the administration of the Niagara Parks Commission....
, on the Canadian side, is near the north end of Grand Island, while Strawberry Island and Motor Island lie southeast of Grand Island. Squaw Island lies further upstream, alongside the city of Buffalo
Buffalo, New York

Buffalo , is the second largest city in the state of New York. Located in Western New York on the eastern shores of Lake Erie and at the head of the Niagara River, Buffalo is the principal city of the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area and the county seat of Erie County, New York....
.
Niagara River Glen
The Niagara River and its tributaries, Tonawanda Creek
Tonawanda Creek

Tonawanda Creek is a small river in Western New York New York, in the United States. Its name is from the Seneca tribe Native American word Ta-na-wan-deh' meaning "Swift Water."...
 and the Welland River
Welland River

The Welland River is a river in the Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario of southern Ontario which flows from its headwaters south of Hamilton, Ontario to empty into the Niagara River near the city of Niagara Falls, Ontario....
, formed part of the last section of the Erie Canal
Erie Canal

The Erie Canal is a man-made waterway in New York state that runs about 365 miles from Albany on the Hudson River to Buffalo, New York at Lake Erie, completing a navigable water route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes....
 and Welland Canal
Welland Canal

The Welland Canal is a ship canal that runs 42 km from Port Colborne, Ontario on Lake Erie to Port Weller, Ontario on Lake Ontario. As part of the St....
. After leaving Lockport, New York
Lockport (city), New York

Lockport is a city in Niagara County, New York, New York, United States. The population was 22,279 at the 2000 census. The name is derived from a set of Erie canal Canal lock within the city....
, the Erie Canal proceeds southwest until it enters Tonawanda Creek
Tonawanda Creek

Tonawanda Creek is a small river in Western New York New York, in the United States. Its name is from the Seneca tribe Native American word Ta-na-wan-deh' meaning "Swift Water."...
. After entering the Niagara River, watercraft then proceed southward to the final lock, where a short section of the canal allows boats to avoid the turbulent shoal water at the river intake and enter Lake Erie.

The Welland Canals used the Welland River
Welland River

The Welland River is a river in the Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario of southern Ontario which flows from its headwaters south of Hamilton, Ontario to empty into the Niagara River near the city of Niagara Falls, Ontario....
 as a connection to the Niagara River south of the falls, allowing water traffic to safely re-enter the Niagara River and proceed to Lake Erie.

History

The Niagara River and Falls have been known outside of North America since the late 17th century, when Father Louis Hennepin
Louis Hennepin

Father Louis Hennepin, O.F.M. baptized Antoine, was a Catholic priest and missionary of the Franciscan Recollets and an explorer of the interior of North America....
, a French explorer, first witnessed them. He wrote about his travels in A New Discovery of a Vast Country in America (1698).

The Niagara River was the site of the earliest recorded railway in America. It was an inclined wooden tramway built by John Montresor
John Montresor

Captain John Montresor was a Kingdom of Great Britain military engineer in North America....
 (1736-1799), a British military engineer, in 1764. Called "The Cradles" and "The Old Lewiston Incline," it featured loaded carts pulled up wooden rails by rope. It facilitated the movement of goods over the Niagara Escarpment
Niagara Escarpment

The Niagara Escarpment is a long escarpment, or cuesta, in the United States and Canada that runs westward from New York State, through Ontario, Michigan, Wisconsin and Illinois....
 in present-day Lewiston, New York
Lewiston, New York

Lewiston is a Administrative divisions of New York#Village in Niagara County, New York, New York, United States. The population was 2,781 at the 2000 census....
.

Several battles occurred along the Niagara River, which was historically defended by Fort George
Fort George

Fort George may refer to:United Kingdom:* Fort George, Highland - a fortified garrison, constructed from 1748, near Inverness, Scotland* Fort George, Guernsey - the former garrison of St Peter Port, Guernsey, constructed from 1780...
 (Canadian side) and Fort Niagara
Fort Niagara

Fort Niagara is a fortification originally built to protect the interests of New France in North America. It is located near Youngstown, New York, on the eastern bank of the Niagara River at its mouth, on Lake Ontario....
 (American side) at the mouth of the river and Fort Erie
Fort Erie

Fort Erie National Historic Site was the first Great Britain fort to be constructed as part of a network developed after the Seven Years' War was concluded by the Treaty of Paris at which time all of New France had been ceded to Great Britain....
 (Canadian side) at the head of the river. These forts were important during the French and Indian War
French and Indian War

The French and Indian War was the North American chapter of the Seven Years' War, known in Canada as the War of the Conquest. The name refers to the two main enemies of the British: the royal French forces and the various Indigenous peoples of the Americas forces allied with them....
 and the American Revolutionary War
American Revolutionary War

The American Revolutionary War , also known as the American War of Independence, began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and Thirteen Colonies on the North America, and ended in a global war between several European great powers....
. The Battle of Queenston Heights
Battle of Queenston Heights

The Battle of Queenston Heights was a United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland victory during the War of 1812 which took place on 13 October 1812, near Queenston, Ontario in Upper Canada ....
 took place near the river in the War of 1812
War of 1812

The War of 1812, between the United States of America and the British Empire , was fought from 1812 to 1815.There were several immediate stated causes for the U.S....
.

The river was an important route to liberation before the American Civil War
American Civil War

The American Civil War , also known as the War Between the States and several Naming the American Civil War, was a civil war in the United States....
, when many African-Americans escaping slavery on the Underground Railroad
Underground Railroad

The Underground Railroad was an informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th century African American Slavery in the United States in the United States to escape to free state and Canada with the aid of Abolitionism who were sympathetic to their cause....
 crossed it to find freedom in Canada.

In the 1880s, the Niagara River became the first waterway in North America to be harnessed for large-scale generation of hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity

Hydroelectricity is electricity generated by hydropower, i.e., the production of power through use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water....
.

On the Canadian side of the river the Niagara Parks Commission
Niagara Parks Commission

The Niagara Parks Commission, or Niagara Parks for short, is an agency of government of Ontario which maintains the Ontario shoreline of the Niagara River....
 maintains all of the shoreline property, except the sites of Fort George
Fort George, Ontario

Fort George National Historic Site is a historic military structure at Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, that was the scene of several battles during the War of 1812....
 and Fort Erie
Fort Erie

Fort Erie National Historic Site was the first Great Britain fort to be constructed as part of a network developed after the Seven Years' War was concluded by the Treaty of Paris at which time all of New France had been ceded to Great Britain....
, as a public greenspace and environmental heritage.

Today, the river is the namesake of Niagara Herald Extraordinary
Niagara Herald Extraordinary

Niagara Herald of Arms Extraordinary is the title of one of the Officer of Arms at the Canadian Heraldic Authority in Ottawa. Herald Extraordinary is an honorary position reserved for people who have made notable contributions to Canadian heraldry....
 at the Canadian Heraldic Authority
Canadian Heraldic Authority

The Canadian Heraldic Authority is part of the Canadian honours system under the Governor General of Canada. The Authority is responsible for the creation and granting of new Coat of arms , flags and Heraldic badge for Canadian citizens, permanent residents and corporate bodies....
.

Cities and settlements

Population centers along the Niagara River include:
  • Buffalo, New York
    Buffalo, New York

    Buffalo , is the second largest city in the state of New York. Located in Western New York on the eastern shores of Lake Erie and at the head of the Niagara River, Buffalo is the principal city of the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area and the county seat of Erie County, New York....
  • Fort Erie, Ontario
    Fort Erie, Ontario

    Fort Erie is a town on the Niagara River in the Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario, Ontario, Canada. It is located directly across the river from Buffalo, New York....
  • Lewiston, New York
    Lewiston, New York

    Lewiston is a Administrative divisions of New York#Village in Niagara County, New York, New York, United States. The population was 2,781 at the 2000 census....
  • Grand Island, New York
    Grand Island, New York

    Grand Island is a town and an island in Erie County, New York, New York, United States. As of the 2000 census, the town population was 18,621. The current town name derives from the French name "La Grande Ile," as Grand Island is the largest island in the Niagara River....
     (Island formed by Niagara River, in the US)
  • Niagara Falls, New York
    Niagara Falls, New York

    Niagara Falls is a city in Niagara County, New York, New York, United States. As of the United States Census 2000, the city had a total population of 55,593....
  • Niagara Falls, Ontario
    Niagara Falls, Ontario

    Niagara Falls is a Canadian city of 82,184 residents on the Niagara River in the Golden Horseshoe region of south-central Ontario. It lies across the river from Niagara Falls, New York, and was incorporated on June 12, 1903....
  • Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario
    Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario

    Niagara-on-the-Lake is a Canadian town located where the Niagara River meets Lake Ontario in the Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario of the southern part of the province of Ontario....
  • North Tonawanda, New York
    North Tonawanda, New York

    North Tonawanda is a city in Niagara County, New York, New York, United States. The population was 33,262 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Buffalo, New York–Niagara Falls, New York Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area....
  • Porter, New York
    Porter, New York

    Porter is a town in Niagara County, New York, New York, United States. The population was 6,920 at the 2000 census. The town was named after Judge Augustus Porter....
  • Queenston, Ontario
    Queenston, Ontario

    The Village of Queenston is located 5 km north of Niagara Falls, Ontario in the Town of Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario. The village is a control city on Highway 405 and its location on the Escarpment led to the establishment of the now-defunct Queenston Quarry in the area....
  • Tonawanda, New York
    Tonawanda, New York

    The name Tonawanda refers to several locations in Western New York. Its use confuses even the people who live in nearby Metro Buffalo communities....
     (City)
  • Tonawanda, New York
    Tonawanda, New York

    The name Tonawanda refers to several locations in Western New York. Its use confuses even the people who live in nearby Metro Buffalo communities....
     (Town of Tonawanda)
  • Wheatfield, New York
    Wheatfield, New York

    Wheatfield is a town in Niagara County, New York, New York, United States. The population was 15,768 at the 2005 census estimate. The name stems from the agricultural use of the town lands: Growing Wheat....
  • Youngstown, New York
    Youngstown, New York

    Youngstown is a village in Niagara County, New York, New York, United States. The population was 1,957 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Buffalo, New York–Niagara Falls, New York Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area....


Pollution

The Niagara River is listed as a Great Lakes Areas of Concern
Great Lakes Areas of Concern

Great Lakes Areas of Concern are designated geographic areas within the Great Lakes Basin that show severe environmental degradation. There are a total of forty-three areas of concern within the Great Lakes, the majority of twenty-six being in the U.S., seventeen in Canada and five are shared by the two countries....
 in The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement between the United States and Canada.

Crossings

The Niagara River has a long history of both road and rail bridges spanning the river, both upstream and downstream of the Falls. This history includes numerous bridges that have fallen victim to the harsh conditions of the Niagara Gorge, such as landslides and icepacks.

Parks

The following parks are located along the Niagara River:
  • Queen's Parada Park and Memorial Park
  • Fort Niagara State Park
  • Falkner Park
  • MacFarland Park
  • Joseph Davis State Park
  • Browns Point Park
  • Queenston Heights Park
  • Floral Clock Park
  • Earl W Brydes ArtPark
  • Niagara Parks Botanical Gardens
  • Whirlpool State Park
  • Deveaux Woods State Park
  • Niagara Glen View Park
  • Victoria Park
  • Niagara Falls State Park
  • Dufferin Island Natural Area
  • King's Bridge Park
  • Nike Base Park
  • Sugar Bowl Park
  • Bowen Road Park
  • Strawberry Island State Park
  • Riverside Park
  • Beaver Island State Park
  • Veterans Memorial Park
  • Fisherman's Park
  • Gratwick Riverside Park
  • Buckhorn State Park
  • Jayne Park
  • Griffon Park


Falls

  • American Falls
  • Bridal Veil Fall
  • Horseshoe Falls


Waterways


  • Goat Island Channel
  • Niagara Gorge /
  • Devil's Hole Rapids /
  • Whirlpool Hole Rapids /
  • Niagara Whirlpool
  • Chippawa Creek
  • Tonawanda Channel - flow of Niagara on the east side of Grand Island
  • Chippawa Channel / - flow of Niagara on the west side of Grand Island


Islands


Several islands are located on the upper river before the falls:

  • Navy Island
    Navy Island

    Navy Island is a small island in the Niagara River in the province of Ontario, Canada. It is currently under the administration of the Niagara Parks Commission....
     - designated as a national historic park
  • Grand Island
    Grand Island, New York

    Grand Island is a town and an island in Erie County, New York, New York, United States. As of the 2000 census, the town population was 18,621. The current town name derives from the French name "La Grande Ile," as Grand Island is the largest island in the Niagara River....
     - the largest island on the river; some parks, but mostly residential and industrial; originally called Ga-We-Not (Great Island) by the Seneca Indians
  • Green Island - originally called Bath Island
    Bath Island

    Bath Island is one of the neighbourhoods of Saddar Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. There are several ethnic groups including Muhajir , Punjabi people, Sindhi people, Kashmiri people, Saraiki people, Pashtun people, Baloch people, Memon people, Bohra people, Ismaili people, etc....
    , it was renamed in the early 1900s for Niagara Reserveation Commissioner Andrew H. Green
    Andrew H. Green

    Andrew H. Green was one of the founders of Theta Delta Chi fraternity at Union College in Schenectady, NY, along with Abel Beach, Samuel F. Wile, Theodore B....
     
  • Strawberry Island - a small park
  • Motor Island - a small park
  • Squaw Island - located in the city of Buffalo, New York and home to Broderick Park and a waste treatment facility
  • Tonawanda Island - occupied by marina and some industries
  • Buckhorn Island - park located on the north end of Grand Island
  • Goat Island (New York)
    Goat Island (New York)

    Goat Island is a small uninhabited island in the Niagara River, located in the middle of Niagara Falls between the Bridal Veil Falls and Horseshoe Falls ....
     - park located at the brink of the American Falls was named by John Stedman in the 1770s; briefly renamed to Iris Island by General Augustus Porter, a United States Commissioner (after the Greek Goddess of the Rainbow)
  • Three Sisters Islands
    Three Sisters Islands

    The Three Sisters Islands are islands which lie off the west shoreline of Goat Island . The islands are part of Niagara Falls, New York....
     - park located next to Goat Island was originally called Moss Islands and later renamed for the three daughters of War of 1812
    War of 1812

    The War of 1812, between the United States of America and the British Empire , was fought from 1812 to 1815.There were several immediate stated causes for the U.S....
     United States Army
    United States Army

    The United States Army is the branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for Army operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S....
     General
    General

    A General officer is an Officer of high military rank. The term or equivalent is used by nearly every country in the world. General can be used as a generic term for all grades of general officer, or it can specifically refer to a single rank that is just called general....
     Parkhurst Whitney (Asenath, Angeline and Celinda Eliza) in 1843
  • Deer Island
  • Little Brother Island
  • Robinson Island - named for daredevil Joel Robinson in 1860
  • Ship Island & Brig Island
  • Tower Island - man-made island created in 1942 by the US Army Corps of Engineers
  • Gull Island
  • Luna Island - park located next to Goat Island - originally called Prospect Island
  • Cayuga Island - located on the Tonawanda side of the river and mainly residential
  • Grass Island - filled in during the 1960s to create the Robert Moses Parkway at Point Day
  • Willow Island - man-made island created in 1759 by Daniel Joncairs and filled in during the 1960s to create the Robert Moses Parkway
  • Cedar Island - filled in by the creation of the William Birch Rankine Power Station by Canadian Niagara Power Company in 1905
  • Hogg Island - filled in by the creation of the Chippawa - Queenston Power Canal in 1917 and finally by the Sir Adam Beck Dam # 2 in 1950 by the Hydro Electric Power Commission of Ontario
  • Dufferin Islands
    Dufferin Islands

    Dufferin Islands are a group of scenic man-made islands located in Niagara Falls, Ontario, approximately 1/2 mile south of the Horseshoe Falls. The islands are known for their quiet seclusion and nature trails....
     


Further reading

  • Hulbert, A. B. (1908). . New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons.


See also

  • List of New York rivers
    List of New York rivers

    This is a list of rivers in the U.S. state of New York....
  • List of Ontario rivers
    List of Ontario rivers

    This is the list of rivers which are situated in and flow through Ontario. The watershed list includes tributary as well....
  • Whirlpool Aero Car
    Whirlpool Aero Car

    The Whirlpool Aero Car or Spanish Aero Car is a aerial tramway located in Niagara Falls, Ontario which transports passengers over a section of the Niagara River referred to as the whirlpool....


External links

  • Niagara Falls Public Library (Ont.)
  • Niagara Falls Public Library (Ont.)
  • A History of the Niagara River Islands