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Saint George and the Dragon

 

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Saint George and the Dragon


 
 



The episode of Saint George and the Dragon appended to the hagiographyHagiography

Hagiography is the study of saints....
 of Saint GeorgeSaint George

Saint George was a soldier of the Roman Empire who later became a Christian martyr....
 was Eastern in origin, brought back with the CrusadersCrusaders

The Crusaders are a New Zealand Rugby Union team based in Christchurch, New Zealand that competes in the Super 14....
 and retold with the courtly appurtenances belonging to the genre of RomanceRomance (genre)

As a literary genre, romance or chivalric romance refers to a style of heroic prose and verse narrative current in Eur...
. The earliest known depiction of the motif is from early eleventh-century CappadociaCappadocia

In ancient geography, Cappadocia was an extensive inland district of Asia Minor....
; the earliest known surviving narrative is an eleventh-century Georgian text.

The dragon motif was first combined with the standardized Passio Georgii in Vincent of BeauvaisVincent of Beauvais

The Dominican friar Vincent of Beauvais wrote the main encyclopedia that was used in the Middle Ages....
' encyclopedic Speculum historale and then in Jacobus de VoragineJacobus de Voragine

Jacobus de Voragine was an Italian chronicler and archbishop of Genoa....
's Golden LegendGolden Legend

The Golden Legend by Jacobus de Voragine is a collection of fanciful hagiographies, lives of the saints, that became a l...
, which guaranteed its popularity in the later Middle Ages as a literary and pictorial subject.

The legend

According to the Golden LegendGolden Legend

The Golden Legend by Jacobus de Voragine is a collection of fanciful hagiographies, lives of the saints, that became a l...
the narrative episode of Saint George and the Dragon took place in a place he called "Silene," in LibyaLibya

Libya , officially the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya , is a country in North Africa....
. There was no such place, the name being perhaps a corruption of CyreneCyrene, Libya

Cyrene, the ancient Greek city was the oldest and most important of the five Greek cities in the region and gave eastern Lib...
. The Golden Legend is the first to place this legend in Libya, as a sufficiently exotic locale, where a dragon might be imagined.

This town had a pond large as a lakeLake

A lake is a body of water or other liquid of considerable size surrounded by land....
 where a plagueBubonic plague

Bubonic plague is the best-known variant of the deadly infectious disease plague, which is caused by the enterobacteri...
-bearing dragonEuropean dragon

In European mythology, a dragon is a serpent-like legendary creature....
 dwelled that envenomed all the countryside. To appease the dragon, the people of Silene used to feed it a sheep every day, and when the sheep failed, they fed it their children, chosen by lotteryLottery

A lottery is a popular form of gambling which involves the drawing of lots for a prize....
.

It happened that the lot fell on the king's daughter. The king, distraught with grief, told the people they could have all his goldGold

Gold is a highly sought-after precious metal that for many centuries has been used as money, a store of value and in jewelry...
 and silverSilver

Silver is a chemical element with the symbol Ag ....
 and half of his kingdom if his daughter were spared; the people refused. The daughter was sent out to the lake, decked out as a bride, to be fed to the dragon.

Saint GeorgeSaint George

Saint George was a soldier of the Roman Empire who later became a Christian martyr....
 by chance rode past the lake. The princess, trembling, sought to send him away, but George vowed to remain.

The dragon reared out of the lake while they were conversing. Saint George fortified himself with the Sign of the CrossSign of the cross

The Sign of the Cross is a ritual performed mainly within Latin-Rite Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Eas...
, charged it on horseback with his lanceLance

The term lance has become a catchall for a variety of different pole weapons based on the spear....
 and gave it a grievous woundWound

A wound is type of physical trauma wherein the skin is torn, cut or punctured, or where blunt force trauma causes a contusio...
. Then he called to the princess to throw him her girdleGirdle

The word girdle originally meant a belt....
 and put it around the dragon's neck. When she did so, the dragon followed the girl like a meek beast on a leash. She and Saint George led the dragon back to the city of Silene, where it terrified the people at its approach. But Saint George called out to them, saying that if they consented to become ChristianChristian

A Christian is a follower of Jesus of Nazareth, referred to as Christ....
s and be baptisedBaptism

Baptism is generally a water purification ritual practiced in many of various religions including Christianity, Mandaeanism,...
, he would slay the dragon before them.

The king and the people of Silene converted to ChristianityChristianization

this is complete bull shit christianism iscomplete bull shitThe historical phenomenon of Christianization, the conversion of...
, George slew the dragon, and the body was carted out of the city on four ox-carts. "Fifteen thousand men baptized, without women and children." On the site where the dragon died, the king built a church to the Blessed Virgin MaryBlessed Virgin Mary

The Blessed Virgin Mary, sometimes shortened to The Blessed Virgin, is a traditional title specifically used by Roman ...
 and Saint George, and from its altar a spring arose whose waters cured all diseasePanacea (medicine)

The panacea, named after the Greek goddess of healing Panacea, was supposed to be a remedy that would cure all diseases and ...
.

Traditionally, the sword with which St. George slew the dragon was called AscalonAscalon

The name Ascalon can refer to a number of possible topics:...
, a name recalling the city of AshkelonAshkelon Overview

Ashkelon is a city in the western Negev, in the South District of Israel, which was formed out of the Arab town of al-Majda...
, IsraelIsrael

Israel , officially the State of Israel, is a country in Western Asia on the southeastern edge of the Mediterranean Se...
. From this tradition, the name Ascalon was used by Winston ChurchillWinston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, FRS, PC was an English statesman and author, best known as Prime Min...
 for his personal aircraft during World War IIWorld War II

World War II, or the Second World War, was a worldwide conflict fought between the Allied Powers and the Axis Powers ,...
 (records at Bletchley ParkBletchley Park Summary

Bletchley Park is an estate located in the town of Bletchley, now part of Milton Keynes, England....
), since St. George is the Patron Saint of England.

Origins

Many historians consider the roots of this story to be older than Christianity itself. They note that the origin of the saint is said to be partly from CappadociaCappadocia

In ancient geography, Cappadocia was an extensive inland district of Asia Minor....
 in Asia Minor, and that Asia Minor was among the earliest regions to adopt the popular veneration of the saint. The region had long venerated other religious figures. These historians deem it likely that certain elements of their ancient worship could have passed to their Christian successors. Notable among these ancient deitiesDeities

*A list of deities from the different religions, cultures and mythologies of the world....
 was SabaziosSabazios Summary

Sabazios is the nomadic horseman sky and father god of the Phrygians and Thracians....
, the SkySky

The sky is the part of the atmosphere or of outer space visible from the surface of the earth....
 FatherFather Summary

A father is traditionally the male parent of a child....
 of the PhrygiaPhrygia

In antiquity, Phrygia was a kingdom in the west central part of the Anatolia ....
ns and known as Sabazius to the Romans. This god was traditionally depicted riding on horseback. The iconic image of St. George on horseback trampling the serpent-dragonEuropean dragon

In European mythology, a dragon is a serpent-like legendary creature....
 beneath him is considered to be similar to these pre-Christian representations of SabaziosSabazios

Sabazios is the nomadic horseman sky and father god of the Phrygians and Thracians....
. It is also possible that the "George and the Dragon" myth is derived from the myth of PerseusPerseus

Perseus, Perseos, or Perseas, the legendary founder of Mycenae and of the Perseid dynasty there, was the first o...
 and AndromedaAndromeda (mythology)

This story is also known as the Boast of Cassiopeia....
. This myth in turn may derive from an earlier HittiteHittite

Hittite may refer to:*the Hittites, an ancient Anatolian people...
 myth concerning the battle between the Storm God TarhunTarhun

*The Anatolian thunder god, in Hurrian called Teshub...
 and the dragon Illuyankas. The story also has counterparts in other Indo-European mythologiesProto-Indo-European religion Summary

The existence of similarities among the deities and religious practices of the Indo-European peoples allows glimpses of a common P...
: The slaying of the serpent VritraVritra

In the early Vedic religion, Vritra "the enveloper", was an Asura and also a serpent or dragon, the personification of droug...
 by IndraIndra

Indra is the chief deity of the Rigveda, and the god of weather and war, and lord of Svargaloka in Hinduism. ...
 in Vedic religionVedic religion

Vedic religion may refer to:*the historical Vedic religion, dating to the Vedic period, as described in the Vedic San...
, the battle between ThorThor

Thor is the red-haired and bearded god of thunder in Norse Mythology and more generally Germanic mythology....
 and JörmungandrFacts About Jörmungandr

Jrmungandr , alternately referred to as the Midgard Serpent or World Serpent, is a sea serpent of the Norse myth...
 in the NorseNorse mythology

Norse or Scandinavian mythology comprises the pre-Christian religion, beliefs and legends of the Scandinavian people, ...
 story of RagnarokRagNaRok

RagNaRok is the fifth album, released in 1995 on Metal Blade Records, by the rock/heavy metal/punk band GWAR....
, the GreekGreek mythology

Greek mythology consists in part of a large collection of narratives that explain the origins of the world and detail the l...
 account of the defeat of the TitanTitan (mythology)

In Greek mythology, the Titans were a race of powerful deities that ruled during the legendary Golden Age....
 TyphonTyphon

In Greek mythology, Typhon was the final son of Gaia, the Earth, this time by Tartarus, the cavernous void beneath:...
 by ZeusZeus

In Greek mythology, Zeus is the highest ranking god among the Olympian gods, the ruler of Mount Olympus, and god of the sky...
. Parallels also exist outside of Indo-European mythology, for example the Babylonian myths of MardukMarduk

Marduk was the Babylonian name of a late generation god from ancient Mesopotamia and patron deity of the city of Babylon, wh...
 slaying the dragon TiamatTiamat

Tiamat is a mother goddess in Babylonian and Sumerian mythology, and a central figure in the Enma Elish creation epic....
..

In iconographyIconography

Iconography usually refers to the design or creation of images and more specifically to the historical study of art whic...
, some Catholic saintSaint

A saint is a term used to refer to someone who is a holy person....
s are depicted in the act of killing a dragon. This is one of the common aspects of Saint GeorgeSaint George

Saint George was a soldier of the Roman Empire who later became a Christian martyr....
 in EgyptianEgyptian language Summary

Written records of the ancient Egyptian language have been dated from about 3200 BC....
 CoptCopt

*Lycopolitan*Fayyumic ...
ic iconography, on the coat of arms of MoscowCoat of arms of Moscow

The Coat of Arms of Moscow depicts a horseman with a spear in his hand slaying a dragon....
, and in EnglishEngland

England is the largest and most populous constituent country of the United Kingdom....
 and CatalanFacts About Principality of Catalonia

, and the small [[Franja...
 legend. In ItalyItaly

Italy, officially the Italian Republic , is a Southern European country....
, Saint MercurialisSaint Mercurialis

Mercurialis was the bishop of the city of Forlì, in Romagna....
, first bishop of the city of ForlìForlì

Forl? is a comune and city in Emilia-Romagna, Italy, famed as the birthplace of the great painter Melozzo da Forl?, of the ...
, is also depicted slaying a dragon. Saint Julian of Le Mans, Saint Veran, Saint Bienheuré, Saint Crescentinus, Saint Margaret of Antioch, Saint Clement of MetzClement of Metz

Saint Clement of Metz is venerated as the first Bishop of Metz....
, Saint MarthaMartha

Martha is a figure mentioned only in the bible....
, Saint Quirinus of Malmedy, and Saint Leonard of Noblac were also venerated as dragon-slayers.

Treatment by artists

  • Paolo UccelloPaolo Uccello

    Uccello was a Florentine painter who was a notable exponent of visual perspective in art....
    , Saint George and the DragonSaint George and the Dragon (Uccello)

    Saint George and the Dragon is a painting by Paolo Uccello dating from around 1470....
    , National Gallery, LondonNational Gallery, London

    The National Gallery is an art gallery in London, located on the north side of Trafalgar Square....
  • Edward ElgarEdward Elgar

    Sir Edward Elgar, 1st Baronet, OM, GCVO was an English Romantic composer....
    , The Banner of St George: a ballad for chorus and orchestra, words by Shapcott Wensley, 1879
  • RaphaelRaphael

    Raphael or Raffaello , born in Urbino, was a master painter and architect of the Florentine school in the Italian High...
     (Raffaello Santi), , 1504. Oil on panel. Louvre, Paris, France
  • Edward Burne-JonesEdward Burne-Jones

    Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones was an English artistand designer closely associated with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, and l...
    , , 1866.
  • TintorettoFacts About Tintoretto

    Tintoretto was one of the greatest painters of the Venetian school and probably the last great painter of the Italian Renais...
     (Jacopo Robusti), , 1555.
  • Gustave MoreauGustave Moreau Summary

    Gustave Moreau was a French Symbolist painter....
    , , c. 1870. Oil on canvas. The National Gallery, London.
  • Giovanni BelliniGiovanni Bellini

    Giovanni Bellini was a Venetian Renaissance painter, probably the best known of the Bellini family of painters....
    , , c. 1471. Pesaro alterpiece.
  • Peter Paul RubensPeter Paul Rubens

    Peter Paul Rubens was the most popular and prolific Flemish and European painter of the 17th century....
    . Saint George and the DragonSaint George and the Dragon (Rubens)

    Saint George and the Dragon is a painting by Peter Paul Rubens, based upon the same motif....
    , 1620

Contemporary retelling

  • The Dragon KnightDragon Knight

    The Dragon Knight is a series of fantasy novels by Gordon R....
    , a series of books by Gordon R. DicksonGordon R. Dickson

    Gordon Rupert Dickson was a Canadian science fiction author....
    , adopted this story as a past event into its canon, significant in that dragons had since referred to humans as 'georges.' The story of St. George and the Dragon is referred to on occasion, but never told. The first book in the series, The Dragon and the George, is a retelling of a previous short storyShort story

    A short story is a form of short fictional narrative prose....
     by the same author, "St. Dragon and the George".
  • In the 1950s, Stan FrebergStan Freberg

    Stanley Victor Freberg is a voice actor, comedian, and advertising creative....
     and Daws ButlerDaws Butler

    Charles Dawson "Daws" Butler was a voice actor born in Toledo, Ohio....
     wrote and performed St. George and the Dragon-NetSt. George and the Dragonet

    "St. George and the Dragonet" is a recorded sketch, a parody of an episode of the television series, Dragnet....
    (a spoofSatire

    Satire is a technique of writing or art which exposes the follies of its subject to ridicule, often as an intended means of...
     of the tale and of Dragnet) for Freberg's radio show. The story's recording became the first comedy album to sell over 1 million copies.
  • EC ComicsEC Comics

    External links** Reason magazine ...
     published a comic called "By George!!" in Weird FantasyWeird Fantasy

    Weird Fantasy was part of the EC Comics line in the early 1950s....
    #15. The story revealed that the 'dragon' was in fact a lost, misunderstood alien child who didn't mean any harm.

See also

  • Princess and dragonPrincess and dragon

    Princess and dragon is a generic premise common to many fairy tales....


External links

  • : St. George and the Dragon, free illustrated book based on 'The Seven Champions' by Richard Johnson (1596)