Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt

	Email		Print
	Bookmark		Link

Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt

The Eighteenth Dynasty (1550-1292 BC) is perhaps the best known of all the dynasties of ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was an Ancient history civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile in what is now the modern nation of Egypt....
. As well as a number of Egypt's most powerful pharaoh

Pharaoh

Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Egypt, only during the New Kingdom, specifically, during the middle of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
s, it included Tutankhamun

Tutankhamun

Tutankhamun , Egyptian language was an Ancient Egypt Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt , during the period of History of Egypt known as the New Kingdom....
, whose tomb, uncovered by Howard Carter

Howard Carter (archaeologist)

Howard Carter was an English archaeologist and Egyptology, noted as a primary discoverer of the tomb of Tutankhamun.In 1891, at the age of 17, Carter began studying inscriptions and paintings in Egypt....
in 1922, was one of the greatest of all archaeological discoveries, being completely undisturbed by tomb robbers. It is sometimes known as the Thutmosid Dynasty because all four of the Thutmosis pharaohs ruled well.

Discussion

Ask a question about 'Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt'

Start a new discussion about 'Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt'

Answer questions from other users

Full Discussion Forum

Encyclopedia

The Eighteenth Dynasty (1550-1292 BC) is perhaps the best known of all the dynasties of ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt

Pharaoh

Tutankhamun

Howard Carter (archaeologist)

Hatshepsut

Akhenaten

Akhenaten , was a Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt, who died 1336 BC or 1334 BC. He is especially noted for attempting to compel the Egyptian population in the monotheism worship of Aten, although there are doubts as to how successful he was at this....
(also known as Amenophis IV), the "heretic Pharaoh" who with his wife, Nefertiti

Nefertiti

Nefertiti was the Great Royal Wife of the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten. Nefertiti and her husband were known for changing Egypt's religion from a polytheistic religion to a monotheistic religion....
, instituted what many identify as the first recorded monotheistic state religion.

This dynasty often is combined with the Nineteenth

Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt

The Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, New Kingdom....
and Twentieth

Twentieth dynasty of Egypt

The Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, New Kingdom. This dynasty is considered to be the last one of the New Kingdom of Egypt, and was followed by the Third Intermediate Period....
dynasties under the group title, New Kingdom

New Kingdom

The New Kingdom, sometimes referred to as the Egyptian Empire, is the period in ancient Egyptian History of Ancient Egypt between the 16th century BC and the 11th century BC, covering the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt, Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt, and Twentieth dynasty of Egypt....
.

Ahmose and Amenhotep I

The Eighteenth Dynasty was founded by Ahmose I

Ahmose I

Ahmose I was a pharaoh of ancient Egypt and the founder of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. He was a member of the Thebes, Egypt royal house, the son of pharaoh Tao II the Brave and brother of the last pharaoh of the Seventeenth dynasty of Egypt, King Kamose....
the brother of Kamose

Kamose

Kamose was the last king of the Thebes, Egypt Seventeenth dynasty of Egypt. He was probably the son of Tao II the Brave and Ahhotep I and the full brother of Ahmose I, founder of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
, the last ruler of the Seventeenth Dynasty

Seventeenth dynasty of Egypt

The Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, Second Intermediate Period....
. Ahmose finished the campaign to expel the Hyksos rulers and after his victory he continued his campaign into Asia, setting a precedent for most kings in the next five centuries. During Ahmose's time the Egyptian state was unified again and Egypt became one of the main Near-Eastern powers, his reign is therefore seen as the end of the Second Intermediate Period and the start of New Kingdom. Ahmose was succeeded by his son, Amenhotep I

Amenhotep I

Amenhotep I was the second Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt of History of Ancient Egypt. His reign is Amenhotep I#Dates and length of reign....
, who was later revered for founding the institution responsible for building the royal tombs, although he himself was not buried in the Valley of the Kings proper.

Both kings ruled Egypt for more than two decades.

Thutmosid period

Amenhotep I probably left no male heir and the next Pharaoh, Thutmose I

Thutmose I

Thutmose I was the third Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt of History of Ancient Egypt. He was given the throne after the death of the previous king Amenhotep I....
, seems to have been related to the royal family through marriage. During his reign the borders of Egypt's empire reached their greatest expanse, extending in the north to Carchemish

Carchemish

Carchemish was an important ancient city of the Mitanni and Hittites empires, now on the frontier between Turkey and Syria. It was the location of an Battle of Carchemish between the Babylonians and Egyptians, mentioned in the Bible....
on the Euphrates

Euphrates

The Euphrates is the western of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia which flows from Anatolia....
and up to Kurgus beyond the fourth cataract in the south. Thutmose I was probaly also the first king to be buried in the Valley of the Kings. The dynasty next included Thutmose II

Thutmose II

Thutmose II was the fourth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. He built some minor monuments and initiated at least two minor campaigns but did little else during his rule and was probably strongly influenced by his wife, Hatshepsut....
and his royal queen, Hatshepsut

Hatshepsut

Hatshepsut , meaning, Foremost of Noble Ladies, was the fifth pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt of Ancient Egypt. She is generally regarded by Egyptologists as one of the most successful pharaohs, reigning longer than any other woman of an Indigenous peoples Egyptian dynasty....
. She was the daughter of Thutmose I and soon after her husband's death, ruled for over twenty years after becoming pharaoh during the minority of her stepson, who later would become pharaoh as Thutmose III.

Hatshepsut later was considered a usurper by nineteenth century researchers, but more recent evidence indicates that she was a very effective and successful ruler, as related in ancient histories. She reestablished international trade, restored the wealth of the country, fostered large building projects, created architectural advancements that would not be rivaled for a thousand years, and restored ravaged temples. Thutmose III

Thutmose III

Thutmose III was the sixth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. During the first twenty-two years of Thutmose's reign he was co-regent with his aunt, Hatshepsut, who was named the pharaoh....
who later became known as the greatest military pharaoh ever, also had a lengthy reign after becoming pharaoh. He had a second co-regency in his old age with his son by a minor wife who would become Amenhotep II

Amenhotep II

Amenhotep II was the seventh Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt of History of Ancient Egypt. Amenhotep inherited a vast kingdom from his father Thutmose III, and held it by means of a few military campaigns in Syria; however, he fought much less than his father, and his reign saw the effective cessation of hostilities between Egypt a...
, when he succeeded him.

Thutmose IV and Amenhotep III

Amenhotep II was succeeded by Thutmose IV

Thutmose IV

Thutmose IV was the 8th Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt of History of Ancient Egypt. His prenomen or royal name, Menkheperure, means "Established in forms is Re."...
, who in his turn was followed by his son Amenhotep III

Amenhotep III

Amenhotep III was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. According to different authors, he ruled Egypt from June 1391 BC-December 1353 BC or June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC after his father Thutmose IV died....
. The reigns of these two kings, which lasted some 50 years in total, are generally seen as a single phase. At this time a peace was reached with Mittani, Egypt's main adversary in Asia and during these two reigns Egypt enjoyed a further economic boom. Amenhotep III undertook large scale building programmes, the extent of which can only be compared with those of the much longer reign of Ramesses II

Ramesses II

Ramesses II was the third Egyptian pharaoh of the Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt. He is often regarded as Ancient Egypt's greatest, most celebrated, and most powerful pharaoh....
during the 19th dynasty. Some records of Amenhotep's international relations were preserved in the el Amarna letters

Amarna letters

The Amarna letters are an archive of correspondence on clay tablets, mostly diplomatic, between the Ancient Egypt administration and its representatives in Canaan and Amurru during the New Kingdom....
many of which were scattered before they could be protected properly.

Akhenaten, the Amarna period and Tutankamun

Amenhotep III's successor Akhenaten

Akhenaten

Akhenaten , was a Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt, who died 1336 BC or 1334 BC. He is especially noted for attempting to compel the Egyptian population in the monotheism worship of Aten, although there are doubts as to how successful he was at this....
instigated the earliest verified expression of monotheism

Monotheism

In theology, monotheism is the belief that only one god exists. The concept of "monotheism" tends to be dominated by the concept of God in the Abrahamic religions, such as Judaism, Christianity and Islam, and the Neoplatonism concept of God as put forward by Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite....
, (although the origins of a pure monotheism are the subject of continuing debate within the academic community and some state that Akhenaten restored monotheisim while others point out that he merely suppressed a dominant solar cult by the assertion of another, while he never completely abandoned several other traditional deities), later Egyptians

Egyptians

Egyptians is the name of the nationality and Mediterranean North African ethnic group native to Egypt.Egyptian identity is closely tied to the Geography of Egypt, dominated by the lower Nile Valley, the small strip of cultivable land stretching from the Cataracts of the Nile to the Mediterranean Sea and enclosed by desert both to the Easte...
considered the so-called Amarna period

Amarna Period

The first recorded formal relations of Egypt with foreign countries were under Amenhotep III. Under his reign, Egypt enjoyed an economic boom. He built many temples and monuments across Egypt to honor his favorite deity, Sobek, who always was depicted as a crocodile....
an unfortunate aberration. The events following Akhenaten's death are unclear and the identity and policies of his co-regent and immediate successor

Smenkhkare

Smenkhkare is an ephemeral Pharaoh of the late Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt of whom very little is know for certain. Traditionally he is seen as Akhenaten's co-regent and immediate successor and predecessor of Tutankhamun and is assumed to be a close, male relative of those two kings ....
are the matter of ongoing scholarly debate.

Tutankhamun

Tutankhamun

Tutankhamun , Egyptian language was an Ancient Egypt Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt , during the period of History of Egypt known as the New Kingdom....
who died before he was twenty years old, and the dynasty's final years, clearly, were shaky. The royal line of the dynasty died out with Tutankhamun. An unidentified Egyptian queen Dakhamunzu

Dakhamunzu

Dakhamunzu is the name of an Ancient Egypt queen known from the Hittite annals The Deeds of Suppiluliuma, which were composed by Suppiluliuma I's son Mursili II....
, widow of "King Nibhururiya" is known from Hittite annals.

Ay and Horemheb

The last two members of the eighteenth dynasty - Ay

Ay was the penultimate Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt's Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. He held the throne of Egypt for a brief four-year period , although he was a close advisor to two and perhaps three of the pharaohs who ruled before him and was the power behind the throne during Tutankhamun's reign....
and Horemheb

Horemheb

Horemheb was the last Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt from 1319 BC to late 1292 BC, although he was not related to the preceding royal family and is believed to have been of common birth....
- became rulers from the ranks of officials in the royal court, although Ay may have married the widow of Tutankhamun in order to obtain power and she did not live long afterward. Ay's reign was short. His successor was Horemheb, who had been a diplomat in the administration of Tutankhamun and may have been intended as his successor by the childless Tutankhamun. Horemheb may have taken the throne away from Ay in a coup. He also died childless and appointed his successor, Ramesses I

Ramesses I

Menpehtyre Ramesses I was the founding Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt's Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt. The dates for his short reign are not completely known but the time-line of late 1290s BC is frequently cited as well as 1290s BC....
ascended the throne in 1292 BC and was the first pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty

Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt

The Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, New Kingdom....
.

Eighteenth Dynasty timeline

List of DNA tested mummies
List of DNA tested mummies

This is a list of Mummy and ancient humans remains that have been genealogical DNA test along with a brief description of when and where they lived....
Egyptian chronology
Egyptian chronology

The creation of a reliable Chronology of Ancient Egypt is a task fraught with problems. While the overwhelming majority of Egyptologists agree on the outline and many of the details of a common chronology, disagreements either individually or in groups have resulted in a variety of dates offered for rulers and events....