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Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem
 
 
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The Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem is the head bishop
Bishop

A bishop is an ordination or consecration member of the Clergy#Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight....
 of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem, ranking fourth of nine Patriarch
Patriarch

Originally a patriarch was a man who exercised Autocracy authority as a pater familias over an extended family. The system of such rule of families by senior males is called patriarchy....
s in the Eastern Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodox Church

The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian communion in the world with an estimated 225 million members worldwide. It is considered by its adherents to be the Four Marks of the Church established by Jesus Christ and his Apostles nearly 2000 years ago....
.

On the importance of Jerusalem, the Catholic Encyclopedia reads: "During the first Christian centuries the church at this place was the centre of Christianity in Jerusalem, 'Holy and glorious Sion, mother of all churches.' Certainly no spot in Christendom can be more venerable than the place of the Last Supper, which became the first Christian church." Until 451, Jerusalem
Jerusalem in Christianity

For Christianity, Jerusalem's place in the life of Jesus gives it great importance, in addition to its place in the Old Testament, the Hebrew Bible, as described in the above article....
 was a Christian bishopric, but it was recognized as a patriarchate by the Council of Chalcedon
Council of Chalcedon

The Council of Chalcedon is believed to have been the fourth ecumenical council by the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. It was held from 8 October to 1 November 451 at Chalcedon , today the district of Kadik?y on the Asian side of the Bosphorus, incorporated into the city of Istanbul....
 that year; see also Pentarchy
Pentarchy

In the History of Christianity, the Pentarchy is "the proposed government of universal Christendom by five Patriarch under the auspices of a single universal empire....
.






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The Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem is the head bishop
Bishop

A bishop is an ordination or consecration member of the Clergy#Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight....
 of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem, ranking fourth of nine Patriarch
Patriarch

Originally a patriarch was a man who exercised Autocracy authority as a pater familias over an extended family. The system of such rule of families by senior males is called patriarchy....
s in the Eastern Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodox Church

The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian communion in the world with an estimated 225 million members worldwide. It is considered by its adherents to be the Four Marks of the Church established by Jesus Christ and his Apostles nearly 2000 years ago....
.

On the importance of Jerusalem, the Catholic Encyclopedia reads: "During the first Christian centuries the church at this place was the centre of Christianity in Jerusalem, 'Holy and glorious Sion, mother of all churches.' Certainly no spot in Christendom can be more venerable than the place of the Last Supper, which became the first Christian church." Until 451, Jerusalem
Jerusalem in Christianity

For Christianity, Jerusalem's place in the life of Jesus gives it great importance, in addition to its place in the Old Testament, the Hebrew Bible, as described in the above article....
 was a Christian bishopric, but it was recognized as a patriarchate by the Council of Chalcedon
Council of Chalcedon

The Council of Chalcedon is believed to have been the fourth ecumenical council by the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. It was held from 8 October to 1 November 451 at Chalcedon , today the district of Kadik?y on the Asian side of the Bosphorus, incorporated into the city of Istanbul....
 that year; see also Pentarchy
Pentarchy

In the History of Christianity, the Pentarchy is "the proposed government of universal Christendom by five Patriarch under the auspices of a single universal empire....
. The first bishop was James the Just
James the Just

Saint James the Just , , also known as James of Jerusalem, James Adelphotheos, James, the Brother of the Lord, was an important figure in Early Christianity....
, martyred ca 62. After the Arab
Arab

An Arab is a person who Identity as such on linguistic or cultural grounds. The plural form, Arabs , refers to the Ethnocultural group at large....
 conquest in the 7th century, Muslims
Islam

Islam is a Monotheism, Abrahamic religion originating with the teachings of the Prophets of Islam Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure....
 recognized Jerusalem as the seat of Christianity and the Patriarch as its leader. In 1099 the Crusaders
First Crusade

The First Crusade was launched in 1095 by Pope Urban II with the primary goal of responding to the appeal from Byzantine Emperor Alexius I. The Emperor requested that western volunteers come to their aid and repel the Seljuk Turks in Anatolia, Modern day Turkey....
 appointed a Latin Patriarch
Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem

The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem is the title given to the Latin Rite Catholic Archbishop of Jerusalem. The Archdiocese of Jerusalem has jurisdiction for all Latin Rite Catholics in Israel and Palestine....
 instead of the Greek Patriarch, who lived in Constantinople
Constantinople

Constantinople was the empire capital of the Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire , and the Ottoman Empire . Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christendom empire, successor to ancient ancient Greece...
 until 1187. Today the headquarters of the patriarchate is the Church of the Holy Sepulchre
Church of the Holy Sepulchre

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre , also called the Church of the Resurrection, by Eastern Christianitys, is a Christianity Church within the walled Old City of Jerusalem....
 in Jerusalem. It is there that the Patriarchs have obtained the miraculous Holy Fire
Holy Fire

The Holy Fire is a miracle that occurs every year at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem on Holy Saturday, the day preceding Orthodox Easter ....
 for more than a millennium.

The majority of the Orthodox faithful in the area under the Patriarch of Jerusalem's jurisdiction are Palestinian Arabs, though there are many Russians
Russians

The Russian people are an East Slavs ethnic group, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries.The English language term Russians is used to refer to the citizens of Russia, regardless of their ethnicity ; in Russian language, the demonym Russian is translated as Rossiyanin ....
, Romanians
Romanians

], 26 Nov 2004. Reprinted at , retrieved 18 Dec 2005.External links *...
, and Georgians living there as well. The Patriarchate's hierarchy is dominated by Greeks
Greeks

The Greeks , also known as Hellenes, are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions, who can also be found in Greek diaspora communities around the world....
, which in effect excludes the Arab-speaking majority of the region's Orthodox faithful from the Church's upper ranks; this is a point of endless contention between Greeks in the Patriarchate, who are backed by the Greek government in this regard, and the Palestinians.

The Patriarchate was recently the venue for a significant controversy. Patriarch Irenaios
Patriarch Irenaios

Irenaios Skopelitis born 1939 was the primate of the Orthodox Church of Jerusalem from 2001 to 2005. As Patriarch, he is styled Patriarch Irenaios or Irenaios I....
, elected in 2001, was deposed, on decisions of the Holy Synod of Jerusalem, in the aftermath of a scandal involving the sale of church land in East Jerusalem
East Jerusalem

East Jerusalem refers to the part of Jerusalem captured by Jordan in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, and subsequently by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War....
 to Israel
Israel

Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....
i developers; the move enraged many Orthodox Palestinians, since the land was in an area that most Palestinians hope will someday become part of a Palestinian state. On May 24, 2005 a special Pan-Orthodox Synod
Synod

A synod is a council of a Ecclesia , usually a Christianity church, convened to decide an issue of doctrine, administration or application. An ecumenical council is so named because it is a synod of the whole church ...
 was convened in Constantinople
Constantinople

Constantinople was the empire capital of the Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire , and the Ottoman Empire . Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christendom empire, successor to ancient ancient Greece...
 (Istanbul
Istanbul

Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, List of metropolitan areas in Europe by population, and List of cities proper by population in the world with a population of 12.6 million....
) to review the decisions of the Holy Synod of Jerusalem. The Pan-Orthodox Synod under the presidency of the Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I, voted overwhelmingly to confirm the decision of the Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulcher and to strike Irenaios' name from the diptych
Diptych

A diptych is any object with two flat plates attached at a hinge. Devices of this form were quite popular in the ancient world, types existing for recording notes and for measuring time and direction....
s, and on May 30, Jerusalem's Holy Synod chose Metropolitan Cornelius of Petra
Metropolitan Cornelius

Metropolitan Cornelius of Petra is a senior bishop of the Orthodox Church of Jerusalem He was locum tenens in 2001 following the death of Patriarch Diodoros of Jerusalem and served again upon the deposition of the previous patriarch, Patriarch Irenaios....
 to serve as locum tenens pending the election of a replacement for Irenaios. On August 22, 2005, the Holy Synod of the Church of Jerusalem unanimously elected Theophilus, the former Archbishop of Tabor
Tábor

T?bor is a city of the Czech Republic, in the South Bohemian Region. It is named after Mount Tabor, Israel, which is believed by many to be the place of the Transfiguration of Christ; however, the name became popular and nowadays translates to "camp" or "encampment" in the Czech language....
, as the 141st Patriarch of Jerusalem.

Bishops of Jerusalem


According to Eusebius' , chapter V, verses 3-4: "But since the bishops of the circumcision
Circumcision controversy in early Christianity

Today, most Christian denominations are neutral about Circumcision in the Bible, neither requiring it nor forbidding it. The Council of Jerusalem, held in approximately 50 AD, decreed that circumcision was not a requirement for Gentile converts....
 ceased at this time [after Bar Kokhba's revolt
Bar Kokhba's revolt

The Bar Kokhba revolt against the Roman Empire was a second major rebellion by the Jews of Iudaea Province and the last of the Jewish-Roman Wars....
 ], it is proper to give here a list of their names from the beginning. The first, then, was James, the so-called brother of the Lord; the second, Symeon; the third, Justus; the fourth, Zacchaeus; the fifth, Tobias; the sixth, Benjamin; the seventh, John; the eighth, Matthias; the ninth, Philip; the tenth, Seneca; the eleventh, Justus; the twelfth, Levi; the thirteenth, Ephres; the fourteenth, Joseph; and finally, the fifteenth, Judas. These are the bishops of Jerusalem that lived between the age of the apostles and the time referred to, all of them belonging to the circumcision." See also Jewish Christianity.

  • James the Just
    James the Just

    Saint James the Just , , also known as James of Jerusalem, James Adelphotheos, James, the Brother of the Lord, was an important figure in Early Christianity....
     (until 62)
  • Simeon I
    Simeon of Jerusalem

    Saint Simeon of Jerusalem, son of Clopas, was a Jewish Christian leader and according to most Christian traditions the second Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem#Bishops of Jerusalem....
     (62-107)
  • Justus I (107-113)
  • Zaccheus (113-???)
  • Tobias (???-???)
  • Benjamin I (???-117)
  • John I (117-???)
  • Matthias I
    Matthias of Jerusalem

    Saint Matthias of Jerusalem is a second century Christian saint and a Bishop of Jerusalem. During his governance, he dealt with a troubled political situation due to Roman Empire persecution of Christians and a Jewish uprising....
     (???-120)
  • Philip (???-124)
  • Senecas (???-???)
  • Justus II (???-???)
  • Levis (???-???)
  • Ephram (???-???)
  • Joseph I (???-???)
  • Judas (???-135)


Bishops of Aelia Capitolina

  • Marcus (135-???)
  • Cassianus (???-???)
  • Poplius (???-???)
  • Maximus I (???-???)
  • Julian I (???-???)
  • Gaius I (???-???)
  • Symmachus
  • Gaius II (???-162)
  • Julian II (162-???)
  • Capion (???-???)
  • Maximus II (???-???)
  • Antoninus (???-???)
  • Valens (???-???)
  • Dolichianus (???-185)
  • Narcissus
    Narcissus of Jerusalem

    Saint Narcissus of Jerusalem was an early Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem. He is venerated as a saint by both the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Churches Churches....
     (185-???)
  • Dius (???-???)
  • Germanion (???-???)
  • Gordius (???-211)
  • Narcissus (restored) (???-231)
  • Alexander (231-249)
  • Mazabanis (249-260)
  • Imeneus (260-276)
  • Zamudas
    Zamudas of Jerusalem

    Zamudas of Jerusalem was the thirty-seventh Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem. His patriarchate lasted from 276 to 283. He is venerated as a saint and is connected with the legend of the Theban Legion....
     (276-283)
  • Ermon (283-314)
  • Macarius I
    Macarius of Jerusalem

    Saint Macarius of Jerusalem was Bishop of Jerusalem in Christianity from 312 to shortly before 335, according to Sozomen.Athanasius, in one of his orations against Arianism, refers to St....
     (314-333), since 325 Bishop of Jerusalem


Bishops of Jerusalem


  • Macarius I (325-333)


  • Maximus III
    Maximus of Jerusalem

    Saint Maximus of Jerusalem - an early Christian saint and bishop of Jerusalem . His feastday is marked by Roman Catholic Church on May 5....
     (333-348)
  • Cyril I
    Cyril of Jerusalem

    Saint Cyril of Jerusalem was a distinguished theologian of the early Church . He is venerated as a saint by both the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, as well as in the Anglican Communion....
     (350-386)
  • John II
    Bishop John II of Jerusalem

    John II was Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem from AD 387 to AD 417. John II succeeded to the episcopal throne of Jerusalem on the death of Cyril of Jerusalem in 386 ....
     (386-417)
  • Praulius (417-422)
  • Juvenal
    Juvenal of Jerusalem

    Saint Juvenal was a bishop of Jerusalem from about 422.Juvenal wanted to make Jerusalem into a primary see by demotion of the metropolitan see of Caesarea Palaestina and the primary see of Antioch....
     (422-458), since 451 Patriarch


Patriarchs of Jerusalem


  • Juvenal
    Juvenal of Jerusalem

    Saint Juvenal was a bishop of Jerusalem from about 422.Juvenal wanted to make Jerusalem into a primary see by demotion of the metropolitan see of Caesarea Palaestina and the primary see of Antioch....
     (451-458)


  • Anastasius I (458-478)
  • Martyrius (478-486)
  • Sallustius (486-494)
  • Elias I
    Elias of Jerusalem

    Elias of Jerusalem was a bishop of the 6th century Common Era. Elias was Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem until being deposed by Roman Emperor Anastasius I for supporting the decrees of the Council of Chalcedon....
     (494-516)
  • John III (516-524)
  • Peter (524-552)
  • Macarics II (552, 564-575)
  • Eustochius (552-564)
  • John IV (575-594)
  • Amos (594-601)
  • Isaac (601-609)
  • Zacharias (609-632)
  • Modestus (632-634)
  • Sophronius I
    Sophronius

    Sophronius was the Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem from 634 until his death, and is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church....
     (634-638)
    • vacant (638-???)
  • Anastasius II (???-706)
  • John V (706-735)
  • Theodore (745-770)
  • Elias II (770-797)
  • George (797-807)
  • Thomas I (807-820)
  • Basileus (820-838)
  • John VI (838-842)
  • Sergius I (842-844)
    • vacant (844-855)
  • Solomon (855-860)
    • vacant (860-862)
  • Theodosius (862-878)
  • Elias III
    Elias III of Jerusalem

    Elias III was the Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem from the dates 878 AD to 907 AD.See also *Alfred the Great...
     (878-907)
  • Sergius II (908-911)
  • Leontius I (912-929)
  • Athanasius I (929-937)
  • Christodolus (937-950)
  • Agathon (950-964)
  • John VII (964-966)
  • Christodolus II (966-969)
  • Thomas II (969-978)
    • vacant (978-980)
  • Joseph II (980-983)
  • Orestes (983-1005)
    • vacant (1005-1012)
  • Theophilus I (1012-1020)
  • Nicephorus I (1020-???)
  • Joannichius (???-???)
  • Sophronius II (???-1084)
  • Theodosius (1084)
  • Simon II (1084-1106)
    • Latin Patriarchs
      Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem

      The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem is the title given to the Latin Rite Catholic Archbishop of Jerusalem. The Archdiocese of Jerusalem has jurisdiction for all Latin Rite Catholics in Israel and Palestine....
       reside in Jerusalem from 1099 to 1187. Greek Patriarchs reside at Constantinople
  • Savvas (1106-1156)
  • John VIII (1106-1156)
  • John IX (1156-1166)
  • Nicephorus II (1166-1170)
  • Leontius II (1170-1190)
    • Greek Patriarch returns to Jerusalem after 1187, Latin Patriarchs exiled.
  • Dositheus I (1190-1191)
  • Marcus II (1191-???)
    • vacant (???-1223)
  • Euthemius II (1223)
  • Athanasius II (1224-1236)
  • Sophronius III (1236-???)
  • Gregory I (???-1298)
  • Thaddaeus (1298)
    • vacant (1298-1313)
  • Athanasius III (1313-1314)
    • vacant (1314-1322)
  • Gregory II (1322)
    • vacant (1322-1334)
  • Lazarus (1334-1368)
    • vacant (1368-1376)
  • Dorotheus I (1376-1417)
  • Theophilus II (1417-1424)
  • Theophanes I (1424-1431)
  • Joachim (1431-???)
    • vacant (???-1450)
  • Theophanes II (1450)
    • vacant (1450-1452)
  • Athanasius IV (1452-???)
    • vacant (???-1460)
  • Jacob II (1460)
    • vacant (1460-1468)
  • Abraham I (1468)
  • Gregory III (1468-1493)
    • vacant (1493-1503)
  • Marcus III (1503)
    • vacant (1503-1505)
  • Dorotheus II (1505-1537)
  • Germanus (1537-1579)
  • Sophronius IV (1579-1608)
  • Theophanes III (1608-1644)
  • Paiseus (1645-1660)
  • Nectarius I (1660-1669)
  • Dositheus II (1669-1707)
  • Chrysanthus (1707-1731)
  • Meletius (1731-1737)
  • Parthenius (1737-1766)
  • Ephram II (1766-1771)
  • Sophronius V (1771-1775)
  • Abraham II (1775-1787)
  • Procopius I (1787-1788)
  • Anthemus (1788-1808)
  • Polycarpus (1808-1827)
  • Athanasius V (1827-1845)
  • Cyril II (1845-1872)
  • Procopius II (1872-1875)
  • Jerotheus (1875-1882)
  • Nicodemus I (1883-1890)
  • Gerasimus I (1891-1897)
  • Damianus I (1897-1931)
  • Timotheus I (1935-1955)
    • vacant (1955-1957)
  • Benedict I (1957-1980)
  • Diodoros I
    Patriarch Diodoros of Jerusalem

    Diodoros or Diodorus ; Damianos G. Karivalis was the Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem in the Eastern Orthodox Church from 1981 to 2000....
     (1981-2000)
  • Irenaios I (2001-2005)
  • Theofilos III (2005-Present)


See also

  • Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem
  • Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem
    Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem

    The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem is the title given to the Latin Rite Catholic Archbishop of Jerusalem. The Archdiocese of Jerusalem has jurisdiction for all Latin Rite Catholics in Israel and Palestine....
  • Anglican Bishop of Jerusalem
    Anglican Bishop of Jerusalem

    The Anglican Bishop in Jerusalem is the bishop of the Anglican Communion diocese based at St. George's Cathedral, Jerusalem, which is a part of the Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and The Middle East....


External links