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List of German Jews
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The Jewish presence in Germany is older than Christianity; the first Jewish population came with the Romans to the city Cologne. A "Golden Age" in the first millennium saw the emergence of the Ashkenazi Jews, while the persecution and expulsion that followed the Crusades led to the creation of Yiddish and an overall shift eastwards. A change of status in the late Renaissance Era, combined with the Jewish Enlightenment the Haskalah, meant that by the 1920s Germany had one of the most integrated Jewish populations in Europe, contributing prominently to German culture and society.

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The Jewish presence in Germany is older than Christianity; the first Jewish population came with the Romans to the city Cologne. A "Golden Age" in the first millennium saw the emergence of the Ashkenazi Jews, while the persecution and expulsion that followed the Crusades led to the creation of Yiddish and an overall shift eastwards. A change of status in the late Renaissance Era, combined with the Jewish Enlightenment the Haskalah, meant that by the 1920s Germany had one of the most integrated Jewish populations in Europe, contributing prominently to German culture and society. The vast majority either left the country or were murdered in the Holocaust. The current German Jewish population consists primarily of immigrants from the former Soviet Union who claim to be Jewish, however, the better economic situation in Germany, coupled with the easy citizenship process for Jewish people immigrating to Germany, make it hard to determine the number of these people who are actually Jewish.
The following is a list of some famous Jewish people (by religion or descent) from Germany proper. For other German Jews, see List of Austrian Jews and List of West European Jews. Also note that the idea of German nationality is rather broad, due to the many Germanic tribes, Jewish assimilation into Germany, and separate German ruled states through the history of Europe. Therefore, the same set of people could at times be referred to as Germans, Jews, or German Jews alike.
Historical figures
Politicians
- Fischel Arnheim, politician
- Ludwig Bamberger, politician
- Daniel Cohn-Bendit, member of European Parliament, student leader in 1968
- Wilhelm Dröscher, SPD politician (half-Jewish)
- Kurt Eisner, Bavarian prime minister
- Heinrich von Friedberg, jurist, statesman (converted to Christianity)
- Karl Rudolf Friedenthal, Prussian politician
- Clement Freud, German-born British MP
- Gregor Gysi, leader of the Party of Democratic Socialism and The Left
- Alex Himelfarb, ambassador
- Henry Kissinger, US Secretary of State, Nobel Prize (1973)
- Ludwig Landmann, mayor of Frankfurt/Main
- Eduard Lasker, co-founder of the National Liberal Party
- Eugen Levine, Bavarian prime minister
- Rosa Luxemburg, Polish-born Marxist theorist, socialist philosopher, and revolutionary of the SPD, the Independent Social Democratic Party and the Communist Party of Germany.
- Jutta Oesterle-Schwerin, Member of parliament, Green party, Feminist party
- Helmut Schmidt, German Chancellor, (his father was of Jewish ancestry)
- Eduard von Simson, President of the Reichstag, President of the Reichsgericht
- Hugo Preuss, author of Weimar constitution
- Walter Rathenau, Foreign Minister of the Weimar Republic
- Herbert Weichmann, mayor of Hamburg
- Jeanette Wolff, West Berlin politician
- Walter Wolfgang, German-born politician
Activists
Religious figures
Rabbis
- Felix Adler
- Hermann Adler
- Nathan Marcus Adler
- Samuel Adler (rabbi)
- Amnon of Mainz (Amnon of Mayence, Mentz), medieval rabbi, paytan
- Yair Bacharach
- Leo Baeck, Reform rabbi & scholar
- Jacob ben Asher, medieval rabbi (German-born?)
- Isaac Bernays, theologian
- Jakob Bernays, classical philologist (Klassischer Philologe), philosophy historian (philosopheriehistoriker)
- Carlebach family
- Mordecai ben Hillel
- Immanuel Jakobovits, Chief Rabbi of Great Britain
- Asher ben Jehiel, medieval rabbi and Talmudist, father of Jacob ben Asher
- Eliezer ben Joel HaLevi
- Gershom ben Judah
- Yehuda ben Meir
- Eliezer ben Nathan, medieval rabbi
- Yaakov ben Yakar
- Israel Bruna (born at Bruenn)
- Yosef Burg
- David Einhorn, Reform rabbi
- Jacob Emden
- Ettlinger pedigree
- David Fränkel
- Abraham Geiger, Reform rabbi
- Jakob Guttmann (rabbi)
- Julius Guttmann
- Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller
- Levi Herzfeld, 19th century proponent of moderate reform
- Susannah Heschel
- Samson Raphael Hirsch, Orthodox rabbi
- Samuel Holdheim, Reform rabbi
- Walter Homolka
- Israel Isserlin
- Regina Jonas, Reform rabbanith
- Kaufmann Kohler, Reform rabbi
- Pinchas Lapide
- Isaac Leeser, rabbi and Bible translator
- Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin
- Gunther Plaut
- Petachiah of Ratisbon, medieval rabbi, traveller
- Judah ben Samuel of Regensburg
- Elazar Rokeach
- Meir of Rothenburg
- Shimon Schwab
- Moses Sofer
- Hermann Tietz (rabbi) (born on Posen district)
Scholars
- Hugo Bergmann (born in Prague)
- Max Bodenheimer
- Moses Buttenweiser (1862-1939), Bible scholar
- David Cassel
- Immanuel Oscar Menahem Deutsch (1829-1873), Semitic scholar and orientalist
- Ismar Elbogen
- Emil Ludwig Fackenheim
- Eugen Fraenkel (1853–1925), pathologist and bacteriologist
- Jonas Fränkel
- Heinrich Graetz, Jewish historian (born in Posen)
- Manuel Joël, Jewish philosopher
- Isaak Markus Jost, Jewish historian
- Marcus Kalisch, Biblical scholar
- Jakob Klatzkin
- Arthur Liebert
- Israel Lewy
- Moses Mendelssohn, Jewish Enlightenment philosopher
- David Rosin
- Gershom Scholem, Jewish scholar & historian
- Ernst Simon
- Friedrich Weinreb (born in Lemberg)
- Benedict Zuckermann
- Leopold Zunz, Jewish scholar
Other
- Michael Solomon Alexander, first Anglican bishop of Jerusalem (born Jewish; see British Dictionary of National Biography)
- Abraham of Augsburg, a Christian German proselyte
- Moritz Henle, composer of liturgical music and cantor of the Jewish reform movement
- Ridley Haim Herschell, missionary
- Ayya Khema, Buddhist teacher (born Jewish)
- Adolf Lasson
- Johannes Pfefferkorn, antisemitic controversialist (born Jewish)
- Friedrich Adolf Philippi
- Johann Peter Spaeth (Moses Germanus Ashkenazi), a Christian German proselyte
- Edith Stein, canonized nun, Holocaust victim (born Jewish)
- Joseph Wolff, missionary
Scientific Figures
Natural Scientists
- Max Abraham, physicist
- Adolf von Baeyer, industrial chemist, Nobel Prize (1905) (Jewish mother)
- Norbert Berkowitz, physicist
- Sir Hans Bethe, nuclear physics, Nobel Prize (1967)
- Sir Walter Bodmer, medical researcher
- Max Born, quantum mechanics, Nobel Prize (1954)
- Heinrich Caro, industrial chemist
- Albert Einstein, theoretical physics, Nobel Prize (1921)
- Erwin Finlay-Freundlich, astronomer
- James Franck, quantum physics, Nobel Prize (1925)
- Adolph Frank, industrial chemist
- Herbert Fröhlich, physicist
- Eugen Glueckauf, chemist, expert on atomic energy
- Hans Goldschmidt, industrial chemist
- Eugen Goldstein, physicist
- Leo Graetz, physicist
- Fritz Haber, developed the Haber process, Nobel Prize (1918)
- Walter Heitler, chemist
- Arthur Korn, physicist
- Ernst Ising, statistical mechanics
- Albert Ladenburg, chemist
- Fritz London, quantum mechanics
- Leonard Mandel, quantum optics
- Kurt Mendelssohn, German-born British medical physicist
- Viktor Meyer, organic chemist
- Leonor Michaelis, biochemist
- Albert Michelson, measured speed of light, Nobel Prize (1907) (Jewish father)
- Ludwig Mond, chemist & industrialist
- Sir Rudolf Peierls, solid state theory
- Arno Penzias, co-discoverer of CMB, Nobel Prize (1978)
- Alfred Philippson, geologist
- John Charles Polanyi, chemist, Nobel Prize (born Berlin)
- Ernst Pringsheim, spectrometry, black-body radiation
- Michael Rossmann, physicist and microbiologist (Jewish mother);
- Rudolf Schoenheimer, biochemist
- Arthur Schuster, spectroscopist
- Karl Schwarzschild, physicist & astronomer
- Franz Simon, physicist, separation of Uranium 235
- Jack Steinberger, particle physics, Nobel Prize (1988)
- Otto Stern, experimental physicist, Nobel Prize (1943)
- Otto Wallach, chemist, Nobel Prize (1910)
- Richard Willstätter, chemist, Nobel Prize (1915)
- Nathan Zuntz
Physicians and Medical Researchers
- Adolph Baginsky, pediatrician, diphtheria researcher
- Alfred Bielschowsky, ophthalmologist
- Max Bielschowsky, neuropathologist
- Konrad Bloch, biochemist, Nobel Prize (1964)
- Marcus Elieser Bloch, physician
- Gustav Born, professor of pharmacology
- Edith Bulbring, Professor of pharmacy (Jewish mother)
- Sir Ernst Chain, developed penicillin, Nobel Prize (1945)
- Ferdinand Cohn, pioneer in microbiology
- Julius Friedrich Cohnheim, pathologist
- Julius Dreschfeld, physician
- Paul Ehrlich, developed magic bullet concept, Nobel Prize (1908)
- Arthur Eichengrün, possible inventor of aspirin
- Wilhelm Feldberg, biologist
- Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat, biochemist
- Hermann Friedberg, physician
- Carl Friedländer, bacteriologist
- Salome Gluecksohn-Waelsch, geneticist
- Ernst Gräfenberg, obstetrician, the G-spot
- Martin Gumpert, physician, writer
- Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle, physician
- Sir Bernard Katz, biophysicist, Nobel Prize (1970)
- Hans Kornberg, biochemist researcher
- Hans Kosterlitz, discovered endorphins
- Sir Hans Adolf Krebs, biochemist, Nobel Prize (1953)
- Fritz Lipmann, biochemist, Nobel Prize (1953)
- Jacques Loeb, physiologist
- Otto Loewi, pharmacologist, Nobel Prize (1936)
- Elisabeth Mann, biologist (Jewish mother)
- Otto Meyerhof, biochemist, Nobel Prize (1922) (Jewish father)
- Oskar Minkowski, physiologist
- Hermann Munk, German physiologist who studied threadworms
- Albert Neisser, physician, discovered the cause of gonorrhea (Jewish father)
- Emin Pasha, physician, naturalist, explorer
- Nathanael Pringsheim, botanist
- Ottomar Rosenbach, physician
- Moritz Traube, biochemist
- Wilhelm Traube, physician, inventor of the fever thermometer
- Otto Warburg, physiologist, Nobel Prize (1931) (Jewish father)
- Karl Weigert, pathologist
Mathematicians
- Felix Bernstein, set theory
- Maurice Block, statistician
- Richard Brauer, modular representation theory
- Moritz Cantor, historian of mathematics
- Paul Cohn, algebraist
- Richard Courant, mathematical analysis & applied mathematics
- Max Dehn, topology
- Paul Epstein, number theory
- Adolf Fraenkel, set theory
- Hans Freudenthal, algebraic topology
- Felix Hausdorff, topology
- Heinz Hopf, topology (Jewish father)
- Adolf Hurwitz, mathematician
- Carl Gustav Jakob Jacobi, analysis
- Leopold Kronecker, number theory
- Edmund Landau, number theory
- Rudolf Lipschitz, mathematician
- Kurt Mahler, mathematician
- Hermann Minkowski, geometrical theory of numbers
- Claus Moser, Statistician
- Leonard Nelson, mathematician, philosopher
- Bernhard Neumann, mathematician
- Emmy Noether, algebra & theoretical physics
- Alfred Pringsheim, analysis, theory of functions
- Richard Rado, combinatorics
- Abraham Robinson, nonstandard analysis
- Klaus Roth, diophantine approximation, Fields Medal (1958)
- Arthur Moritz Schönflies, mathematician
- Issai Schur, mathematician
- Otto Toeplitz, linear algebra & functional analysis
Technical Scientists
- Ralph Baer, inventor of the games console
- Emile Berliner, inventor of the gramophone
- Emanuel Goldberg (1881-1970, from Russia, but published in German), pioneered Microdots and microfilm retrieval technology
- Julius Edgar Lilienfeld, electrical engineer
- Siegfried Marcus, automobile pioneer
- Michael O. Rabin, computer algorithms, Turing Award (1976)
- Reinhold Rudenberg, electrical engineer and inventor,
- Joseph Weizenbaum, AI critic, ELIZA
Psychologists
- Karl Abraham, psychoanalyst
- Rudolf Arnheim, perception theorist
- Erik Erikson, developmental psychologist (Jewish mother)
- Erich Fromm, psychologist & humanistic philosopher
- Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, psychoanalyst
- Kurt Goldstein, Gestalt-influenced neurologist
- Max Hamilton, psychiatrist
- Magnus Hirschfeld, sexologist
- Kurt Koffka, Gestalt psychologist
- Kurt Lewin, social psychologist
- Hugo Münsterberg, industrial psychologist
- Ulric Neisser, cognitive psychologist (Jewish father)
- Erich Neumann, analytical psychologist
- Fritz Perls, psychotherapist
- Otto Selz, cognitive psychologist
- William Stern, the Intelligence Quotient
- Max Wertheimer, Gestalt psychologist
Academic figures
Philosophers
- Theodor Adorno, philosopher (Jewish father)
- Ernst Bloch, philosopher
- Constantin Brunner, philosopher
- Ernst Cassirer, philosopher
- Hermann Cohen, philosopher
- Friedrich Dessauer, philosopher
- Max Dessoir, philosopher
- Julius Frauenstädt, philosopher
- Kurt Grelling, philosopher
- Richard Hönigswald (Jewish father)
- Max Horkheimer, philosopher & sociologist
- Edmund Husserl, philosopher (converted to Christianity)
- Hans Jonas, philosopher
- Horace Kallen, philosopher
- Adolf Lasson, philosopher
- Theodor Lessing, philosopher, writer
- Karl Löwith, philosopher
- Salomon Maimon, philosopher
- Karl Marx, philosopher, founder of communism
- Fritz Mauthner, author & philosopher
- Moses Mendelssohn, philosopher, scholar
- Helmuth Plessner, philosopher (Jewish father)
- Hans Reichenbach, philosopher (Jewish father)
- Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy, philosopher (Jewish father)
- Max Scheler, philosopher (Jewish mother)
- Kurt Sternberg, philosopher
- Leo Strauss, political philosopher
- Richard Rudolf Walzer, philosopher (Jewish Year Book 1975 p214)
Economists
- Robert Aumann, Nobel Prize for Economics
- Gerhard Colm, economist de
- Richard Ehrenberg, economist
- Ludwig Lachmann, economist
- Emil Lederer, economist
- Robert Liefmann, economist
- Adolph Lowe, economist
- Rosa Luxemburg, economist, co-founder of the KPD
- Fritz Naphtali, economist, editor, later Israeli finance minister
- Hans Neisser, economist de
- Sigbert Prais, economist (JYB 2005 p215)
- Reinhard Selten, Nobel prize (1994)
- Hans Singer, economist
Social Scientists
- Reinhard Bendix, sociologist
- Eduard Bernstein, founder of evolutionary socialism
- Franz Boas, cultural anthropologist
- Micha Brumlik, professor of education
- Lewis A. Coser, sociologist
- Norbert Elias, sociologist
- Amitai Etzioni, sociologist
- Shelomo Dov Goitein, Arabist
- Moses Hess, socialist
- Eugene Kamenka, sociologist
- Siegfried Kracauer, sociologist & film critic
- Ferdinand Lassalle, founder of first German worker's party
- Karl Mannheim, sociologist
- Herbert Marcuse, sociologist, New Left figurehead
- Karl Marx, founder of communism (parents converted to Protestantism)
- Franz Oppenheimer, sociologist & economist
- Leo Loewenthal, sociologist
- Georg Simmel, sociologist
- Georg Steindorff, egyptologist (Jewish father)
- Jacob Taubes, theologist
- Louis Wirth, sociologist
Historians
- Ernst Bernheim, historian
- Victor Ehrenberg (historian), historian
- Geoffrey Rudolph Elton (son of Wictor Ehrenberg)
- Richard Ettinghausen, art historian
- Henry Friedlander, historian
- Saul Friedlander, historian
- Peter Gay, history
- George W. F. Hallgarten, historian
- Richard Krautheimer, historian
- Arno Lustiger, historian
- Lothar Machtan
- Golo Mann, historian
- George Mosse, historian
- Eva Reichmann, historian and sociologist
- Ludwig Riess, historian
- Hans Rothfels, historian
- Fritz Stern, historian
- Michael Wolffsohn, historian
Jurists
- Hannah Arendt, political theorist
- Jacob Friedrich Behrend, jurist
- David Daube, Professor of Law
- Heinrich Dernburg, jurist
- Victor Ehrenberg, jurist
- Hugo Haase, jurist
- Sir Otto Kahn-Freund, Professor of Law
- Hermann Kantorowicz, jurist
- Walter Kaskel, jurist
- Paul Laband, jurist, b. Breslau
- Otto Lenel, jurist
- Franz Neumann, legal theorist
- Arthur Nussbaum, jurist
- Joseph Süss Oppenheimer, financial planner & court Jew
- Gabriel Riesser, deputy speaker of Frankfurt Assembly in 1848, first Jewish judge in Hamburg
- Rudolf Schlesinger, jurist
- Georg Schwarzenberger, jurist
- Hugo Sinzheimer, legal scholar
- Sigmund Zeisler, jurist
Linguists and philologists
- Theodor Benfey, linguist (Jewish father)
- Eduard Fraenkel, philologist
- Wilhelm Freund, philologist
- Ludwig Friedländer, philologist
- Julius Fürst, orientalist
- Theodor Goldstücker, linguist[https://secure.peeters-leuven.be/POJ/downloadpdf.php?ticket_id=453c55926ddd9]
- Moshe Goshen-Gottstein, linguist
- Victor Klemperer, linguist & diarist
- Siegbert Salomon Prawer, Professor of German
- Chaim Menachem Rabin, linguist
- Edward Sapir, anthropologist-linguist
- Ernest Simon, professor of Chinese
- Heymann Steinthal, linguist
Educationalists
Cultural figures
Showbusiness
- Hugo Egon Balder, comedian, producer (Jewish mother),
- Mark Bellinghaus, actor, writer, poet, Marilyn Monroe activist, historian & collector
- Ludwig Berger, director
- Lotte Berk, dancer and health guru
- Kurt Bernhardt, director
- Artur Brauner, film producer
- Friedrich Dalsheim, director
- Michael Degen, actor
- Ernst Dohm, actor, editor
- Hedwig Dohm-Pringsheim, actress
- E.A. Dupont, director
- Don Francisco, Chilean television host
- Michel Friedman, TV personality
- Kurt Gerron, stage actor & film director
- Dora Gerson, actress, cabaret singer
- Therese Giehse, actress Pepermill
- Lou Jacobs, clown
- Ludwig Karl Koch, broadcaster and sound recordist
- Carl Laemmle, film producer
- Dani Levy, film maker, theatrical director and actor
- Ernst Lubitsch, director
- Inge Meysel, actress (Jewish father)
- Max Ophuls, director
- Richard Oswald, director
- Lilli Palmer, actress
- Marcel Reif, presenter (Jewish father)
- Hans Rosenthal, one of Germany's most popular TV personalities in history
- Susan Sideropoulos, actress
- Robert Siodmak, director
- Ruth Westheimer, sex therapist
- Konrad Wolf, film director
- Peter Zadek, theatre director
Musicians
- Samuel Adler, composer
- Haim Alexander, composer
- Tzvi Avni, composer
- Paul Ben-Haim, composer
- Julius Benedict, composer
- Wolf Biermann, singer/songwriter (Jewish father)
- Yehezkel Braun, Israeli composer
- Ignaz Brull, composer
- Manfred Bukofzer, musicologist
- Paul Dessau, composer
- Abel Ehrlich, Israeli composer
- Alfred Einstein, musicologist
- Hanns Eisler, German-born composer (Jewish father)
- Lukas Foss, composer & conductor
- Alexander Goehr, composer
- Walter Goehr, conductor
- Berthold Goldschmidt, composer
- Bernard Greenhouse, cellist
- George Henschel, singer & conductor
- Alfred Hertz, conductor
- André Herzberg, musician (Pankow)
- Ferdinand Hiller, composer
- Gerard Hoffnung, musicologist
- Friedrich Holländer, composer
- Salomon Jadassohn, composer
- Leon Jessel, composer
- Robert Kahn, composer
- Otto Klemperer, conductor
- Robert Lachmann, musicologist
- Ludwig Lenel, organist and composer
- Hermann Levi, conductor
- Alfred Lion & Frank Wulff, founders of Blue Note Records
- Edward Lowinsky, musicologist
- Michael Mann, musician (Jewish mother)
- Arnold Mendelssohn, organist[https://web3.unt.edu/the/centers.php?css=lost_composers]
- Felix Mendelssohn, composer & conductor (Jewish ancestry but raised Lutheran)
- Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel, composer
- Giacomo Meyerbeer, composer
- Ben-Zion Orgad, Israeli composer
- Menahem Pressler, pianist
- André Previn, conductor
- Franz Reizenstein, pianist, composer
- Curt Sachs, musicologist, co-founder of modern organology
- Kurt Sanderling, conductor
- Adolf Martin Schlesinger, music publisher
- Heinrich Sontheim, tenor
- William Steinberg, conductor
- Erich Walter Sternberg, composer
- Josef Tal, composer
- Ilia Trilling, synagogue composer
- Ignatz Waghalter, composer & conductor
- Bruno Walter, conductor (Jewish father)
- Franz Waxman, film composer
- Kurt Weill, composer
- Stefan Wolpe, composer
- Alec Empire, member of Atari Teenage Riot
- Hilde Zadek, soprano
Artists
- Friedrich Adler, Jugendstil and Art Deco designer
- Anni Albers, textile designer
- Frank Auerbach, painter
- Eduard Bendemann, painter
- Martin Bloch, British painter
- Erwin Blumenfeld, photographer
- Siegfried Einstein, author and poet
- Alfred Eisenstaedt, photographer
- Benno Elkan, sculptor
- James Ingo Freed, architect
- Lucian Freud, painter
- Gisèle Freund, photographer
- Eva Hesse, materials artist
- Erich Kahn, painter, expressionist
- Eugen Kaufmann, architect
- Hugo Lederer (1871 - 1940) sculptor
- Max Liebermann, painter
- Wilhelm Löwith, artist
- Peter Max, pop artist
- Ludwig Meidner, painter
- Erich Mendelsohn, architect
- Helmut Newton, photographer (Jewish father)
- Felix Nussbaum, painter
- Meret Oppenheim, surrealist
- Erwin Panofsky, art historian
- Heinz Julius Rosenthal, painter
- Hans Schleger, designer
- Charlotte Salomon, artist
- Erich Salomon, news photographer
- Victor Weisz, Vicky, cartoonist
Writers
Erich Auerbach, literature critic
Julius Bab, dramatist and theater critic
Jurek Becker, writer
Maxim Biller, writer
Ludwig Börne, satirist
Otto Brahm, literary critic
Henryk Broder, journalist
Walter Benjamin, literary critic & philosopher
Emil Carlebach, writer, dissident
Joseph Derenbourg, orientalist, father of Hartwig Derenbourg
Hilde Domin, poet
Lion Feuchtwanger, novelist
Hubert Fichte, author (Jewish father)
Anne Frank, diarist
Karen Gershon, poet (1923-1993)
Gad Granach
Friedrich Gundolf, literary man
Glückel of Hameln, 18th-century Yiddish diarist
Maximilian Harden, journalists
Heinrich Heine, poet
Stefan Heym, novelist, politician
Wolfgang Hildesheimer
Edgar Hilsenrath, novelist
Barbara Honigmann, writer
Heinrich Eduard Jacob, writer and journalist
Siegfried Jacobsohn, journalist and theater critic
Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, novelist and screenwriter
Wladimir Kaminer, short story writer
Judith Kerr, children's writer
Victor Klemperer, writer
Else Lasker-Schüler, writer, poet & artist
Gila Lustiger, author
Erika Mann, writer, actress (Jewish mother)
Klaus Mann, writer (Jewish mother)
Monika Mann, writer (Jewish mother)
Julius Mosen, born Moses
Erich Mühsam, anarchist poet
Henning Pawel, child-book author, writer.
Solomon Perel, author
Alan Posener, chief columnist of Welt am Sonntag (Jewish father)
Marcel Reich-Ranicki, literary critic
H. A. Rey & Margret Rey, creators of Curious George
Renate Rubinstein (Jewish father)[https://www.nias.knaw.nl:10051/en/oudfellows/research_group_1999_2000/summaries_99_00/hans_goedkoop/]
Nelly Sachs, poet, Nobel Prize (1966)
Moriz Seeler, poet
Anna Seghers, novelist
Oskar Seidlin, writer
Rafael Seligmann, writer
Süßkind von Trimberg, middle age writer, minnesinger
Kurt Tucholsky, writer (converted to Protestantism)
Samuel Ullman, poet
Rahel Varnhagen, writer and saloniste (converted to Christianity)
Moritz Callmann Wahl
Jakob Wassermann, novelist
Trude Weiss-Rosmarin
Jeanette Wohl
Friedrich Wolf, writer, physician
Carl Zuckmayer, playwright (Jewish mother)
Arnold Zweig, writer
Stefanie Zweig, novelist
Entrepreneurs
:See also Court Jews
Albert Ballin, cruise ship entrepreneur
Alfred Beit, financier
August Belmont
* August Belmont II
Gottfried Bermann
Gerson von Bleichröder, financier, advisor of Bismarck
Buchsbaum family
Sir Ernest Cassel, banker
Otto Frank, ran pectin-related small business, but most famous as father of Anne Frank
Friedenthal family
* Markus Bär Friedenthal, banker, scholar
Fritz von Friedländer-Fuld, industrialist de
Fürst family, court Jews in Hamburg
* Moses Israel Fürst financier and merchant
* Chajim Fürst, financier and head of the Jewish community
Marcus Goldman, founder of Goldman Sachs in America
Eduard Gümbel
Charles Hallgarten
Maurice de Hirsch, banker
Karl Amson Joel (not philosopher Karl Joel (philosopher)), textile merchant & manufacturer, the greatfather of Alexander Joel and Billy Joel
Otto Hermann Kahn
Richard Lenel, German industrialist, founding member of Lufthansa and German Bank
Sir Robert Mayer, German-born businessman and philanthropist
Joseph Mendelssohn, banker
Alexander Mendelssohn, banker
Mosse family
* Rudolf Mosse and family, newspaper magnates
Oppenheimer family
* Ernest Oppenheimer, diamond tycoon
Emil Rathenau, founder of AEG, father of Walter Rathenau
Paul Reuter, founder of Reuters
Rothschild banking family of Germany
* Mayer Amschel Rothschild and family, financiers & bankers
Seligman family
* Joseph Seligman, banker & US civil war financier
Schocken family
* Salman Schocken (born at Posen district)
Jacob Schiff (Jacob H. Schiff), railroad financier
Kilian von Steiner, banker
Max Stern
Levi Strauss, clothing manufacturer
Straus family
* Isidor Straus owner of Macy's department store & RMS Titanic victim
Leonhard Tietz, Oscar Tietz & Hermann Tietz, founders of Kaufhof & Hertie department stores
Oscar Troplowitz, pharmacist, entrepreneur Beiersdorf, developer of Nivea and other household products
Warburg family
* Siegmund Warburg, banker
Georg Wertheim, founder of Wertheim department stores
Emil Jellinek, born in Leipzig. He was a wealthy entrepreneur down the French Riviera, coining Mercedes trademark --which became Mercedes Benz nowadays--. He was Austro-Hungarian diplomat also --residing in Vienna--.
Adolf Silverberg [de]
* Abraham Mendelssohn Bartholdy
Itzig family
* Daniel Itzig
Alois Dessauer
Mannheimer pedigree
* Fritz Mannheimer
* Max Mannheimer
* Victor Mannheimer (-1928), brother of Fritz
Warburg family
* Felix Warburg
* Max Warburg
* Paul Warburg
Stef Wertheimer "77 year old German-born Stef Wertheimer"
Hugo Reiss
* Marie Annette Reiss / Jane Engelhard (Jewish father)
Oppenheim pedigree and-banking family; founders of Sal. Oppenheim
* Abraham Oppenheim
* Alfred Freiherr von Oppenheim
Abraham Kuhn and Solomon Loeb, founders of Kuhn, Loeb & Co.
Loeb pedigree
* Maurice Loeb
* Solomon Loeb
Gustav Wilhelm Wolff, founder of Harland and Wolff
Markus Wolf, East German spymaster (Jewish father)
Sports
Rudi Ball, hockey player
Gretel Bergmann, high jumper
Hans Berliner, world postal chess champion
Barney Dreyfuss, co-founder of the World Series
Gottfried Fuchs, soccer player
Ludwig Guttmann, founder of the Paralympics
Bernhard Horwitz, chess player
Emanuel Lasker, world chess champion
Helene Mayer, fencer (Jewish father)
Sarah Poewe, swimmer (Jewish mother)
Daniel Prenn, tennis player
Siegbert Tarrasch, chess player
Literature
Walter Tetzlaff, ed. "2000 Kurzbiographien bedeutender deutscher Juden des 20. Jahrhunderts" (Lindhorst: Askania, 1982).
See also
History of the Jews in Germany
List of Austrians
List of Austrian Jews
List of Ashkenazi Jews
List of Czech, Bohemian, Moravian and Slovak Jews
List of Germans
List of Galician Jews
Lists of Jews
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