Bender or
Bendery, also known as
Tighina is a city within the internationally recognized borders of
MoldovaMoldova , officially the Republic of Moldova is a landlocked state in Eastern Europe, located between Romania to the West and Ukraine to the North, East and South. It declared itself an independent state with the same boundaries as the preceding Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1991, as part...
under
de facto control of the unrecognized
TransnistriaTransnistria is a breakaway territory located mostly on a strip of land between the Dniester River and the eastern Moldovan border to Ukraine...
Republic (PMR) since 1992. Located on the right (western) bank of the river
DniesterThe Dniester is a river in Eastern Europe. It runs through Ukraine and Moldova and separates most of Moldova's territory from the breakaway de facto state of Transnistria.-Names:...
in the historical region of
BessarabiaBessarabia is a historical term for the geographic region in Eastern Europe bounded by the Dniester River on the east and the Prut River on the west....
, together with its suburb
ProteagailovcaProteagailovca is a commune in the municipality of Tighina , Moldova. It is composed of a single village, Proteagailovca, and had a population of 3,142 at the 2004 Census. The locality, although situated on the right bank of the river Dniester, is under the control of the breakaway Transnistrian...
, the city forms a municipality, which is separate from Transnistria according to the Moldovan law. Bender is located in the
buffer zoneA buffer zone is generally a zonal area that lies between two or more other areas , but depending on the type of buffer zone, the reason for it may be to segregate regions or to conjoin them....
established at the end of the 1992
War of TransnistriaThe War of Transnistria was a limited conflict that broke out in November 1990 at Dubăsari between pro-Transnistria forces, including the Transnistrian Republican Guard, militia and Cossack units, and supported by elements of the Russian 14th army, and pro-Moldovan forces, including Moldovan...
.
While the
Joint Control CommissionThe Joint Control Commission , is a tri-lateral peacekeeping force and joint military command structure which operates in a buffer zone on the border between the Republic of Moldova and the disputed territory controlled by the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic .-History:Following the War of...
has overriding powers in the city, Transnistria has
de factoDe facto is a Latin expression that means "concerning fact." In law, it often means "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially established." It is commonly used in contrast to de jure when referring to matters of law, governance, or...
administrative control.
Name
First mentioned in 1408 as
Тягянякяча (
Tyagyanyakyacha) in a document in Old Slavonic (the term is of
CumanThe Cumans were Turkic nomadic people comprising the western branch of the Cuman-Kipchak confederation. After Mongol invasion , they decided to seek asylum in Hungary, and subsequently to Bulgaria...
origin), the town was known in the Middle Ages as
Tighina in
MoldaviaMoldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river...
n sources and later as
Bender in
OttomanThe Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
sources. The fortress and the city were called
Bender for the most part of the time they were a
rayahA rayah or reaya was a member of the tax-paying lower class of Ottoman society, in contrast to the askeri and kul...
of the Ottomans (1538–1812), and during most of the time they belonged to the
Russian EmpireThe Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
(1828–1917). They were known as
Tighina (Тигина) in the
Principality of MoldaviaMoldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river...
, in the early part of the Russian Empire period (1812–1828), and during the time the city belonged to Romania (1918–1940; 1941–1944).
The city is part of the historical region of
BessarabiaBessarabia is a historical term for the geographic region in Eastern Europe bounded by the Dniester River on the east and the Prut River on the west....
. During the
SovietThe Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
period the city was known in the
Moldavian SSRThe Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic , commonly abbreviated to Moldavian SSR or MSSR, was one of the 15 republics of the Soviet Union...
as
Бендер (
Bender) in
MoldovanMoldovan is one of the names of the Romanian language as spoken in the Republic of Moldova, where it is official. The spoken language of Moldova is closer to the dialects of Romanian spoken in northeastern Romania, and the two countries share the same literary standard...
(Romanian) written then with the Cyrillic alphabet, and as
Бендéры (
Bendery) in
RussianRussian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics...
.
In the independent Moldova, officially it is known as
Bender, but otherwise both names
Bender and
Tighina are used.
History
The town was first mentioned as an important customs post in a commerce grant issued by the
MoldaviaMoldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river...
n voivode Alexander the Good to the merchants of
LvivLviv is a city in western Ukraine. The city is regarded as one of the main cultural centres of today's Ukraine and historically has also been a major Polish and Jewish cultural center, as Poles and Jews were the two main ethnicities of the city until the outbreak of World War II and the following...
on October 8, 1408. The name "Tighina" is found in documents from the second half of the 15th century. The town was the main Moldavian customs point on the commercial road linking the country to
TatarTatars are a Turkic speaking ethnic group , numbering roughly 7 million.The majority of Tatars live in the Russian Federation, with a population of around 5.5 million, about 2 million of which in the republic of Tatarstan.Significant minority populations are found in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan,...
CrimeaCrimea , or the Autonomous Republic of Crimea , is a sub-national unit, an autonomous republic, of Ukraine. It is located on the northern coast of the Black Sea, occupying a peninsula of the same name...
. During his reign of Moldavia,
Stephen IIIStephen III of Moldavia was Prince of Moldavia between 1457 and 1504 and the most prominent representative of the House of Mușat.During his reign, he strengthened Moldavia and maintained its independence against the ambitions of Hungary, Poland, and the...
had a small wooden fort built in the town to defend the settlement from Tatar raids.
In 1538, the
OttomanThe Ottoman Dynasty ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 to 1922, beginning with Osman I , though the dynasty was not proclaimed until Orhan Bey declared himself sultan...
sultan
Suleiman the MagnificentSuleiman I was the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1520 to his death in 1566. He is known in the West as Suleiman the Magnificent and in the East, as "The Lawgiver" , for his complete reconstruction of the Ottoman legal system...
conquered the town from Moldavia, and renamed it
Bender. Its fortifications were developed into a full fortress under the same name under the supervision of the Turkish architect Koji Mimar Sinan. The Ottomans used it to keep the pressure on Moldavia.
In the 18th century, the fort's area was expanded and modernized by the prince of Moldavia
Antioh CantemirAntioh Cantemir , son of Constantin Cantemir and older brother of Dimitrie Cantemir , was a Moldavian Voivode between December 18, 1695 and September 12, 1700, and again from February 23, 1705 to July 31, 1707.-Reigns:He and Dimitrie successfully plotted against Prince Constantin...
, who carried out these works under Ottoman supervision.
In 1713, the fortress, the town, and the neighboring village
VarniţaVarniţa is a commune and village in the Anenii Noi District, Moldova, located near Bendery . It is also considered a suburb of Bendery...
were the
site of skirmishesThe Skirmish at Bender was devised to remove Charles XII of Sweden from the Ottoman Empire after his military defeats in Russia. It took place on February 1, 1713 on Ottoman territory, in what is now the town of Bender, Moldova.-History:...
(
kalabalik) between
Charles XII of SwedenCharles XII also Carl of Sweden, , Latinized to Carolus Rex, Turkish: Demirbaş Şarl, also known as Charles the Habitué was the King of the Swedish Empire from 1697 to 1718...
, who had taken refuge there with the
CossackCossacks are a group of predominantly East Slavic people who originally were members of democratic, semi-military communities in what is today Ukraine and Southern Russia inhabiting sparsely populated areas and islands in the lower Dnieper and Don basins and who played an important role in the...
HetmanHetman was the title of the second-highest military commander in 15th- to 18th-century Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which together, from 1569 to 1795, comprised the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, or Rzeczpospolita....
Ivan Mazepa after his defeat in the
Battle of PoltavaThe Battle of Poltava on 27 June 1709 was the decisive victory of Peter I of Russia over the Swedish forces under Field Marshal Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld in one of the battles of the Great Northern War. It is widely believed to have been the beginning of Sweden's decline as a Great Power; the...
, and Turks who wished to enforce the departure of the Swedish king.
During the second half of the 18th century, the fortress fell three times to the Russians during the Russo-Turkish Wars (in 1770, 1789, and in 1806 without a fight).
Along with
BessarabiaBessarabia is a historical term for the geographic region in Eastern Europe bounded by the Dniester River on the east and the Prut River on the west....
, the city was annexed to the
Russian EmpireThe Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
in 1812, and remained part of the Russian
Governorate of BessarabiaBessarabia was an oblast and later a guberniya in the Russian Empire. It was the eastern part of the Principality of Moldavia annexed by Russia by the Treaty of Bucharest following the Russo-Turkish War, 1806-1812...
until 1917.
Tighina was part of the
Moldavian Democratic RepublicThe Moldavian Democratic Republic , a.k.a. Moldavian Republic, was the state proclaimed on by Sfatul Ţării of Bessarabia, elected in October-November 1917 in the wake of the February Revolution and disintegration of the political power in the Russian Empire.Sfatul Ţării was its legislative body,...
in 1917-1918, and after 1918, as part of Bessarabia, the city belonged to
RomaniaRomania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
, where it was the seat of
Tighina CountyTighina County was, until February 2003, a major subdivision of Moldova with its capital at Căuşeni. It bordered Ukraine, Transnistria, Lăpuşna County and Chişinău County....
.
Along with Bessarabia, the city was occupied by the Soviet Union on June 28, 1940, following an ultimatum. In the course of World War II, it was retaken by Romania in July 1941, and again by the USSR in August 1944.
In 1940-41, and 1941-1991 it was one of the four "republican cities" (i.e., not subordinated to a district) of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, one of the 15 republics of the Soviet Union. Since 1991, the city has been part of the independent Republic of Moldova.
Due to the city's key strategic location on the right bank of
DniesterThe Dniester is a river in Eastern Europe. It runs through Ukraine and Moldova and separates most of Moldova's territory from the breakaway de facto state of Transnistria.-Names:...
river, 10 km from left-bank
TiraspolTiraspol is the second largest city in Moldova and is the capital and administrative centre of the unrecognized Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic . The city is located on the eastern bank of the Dniester River...
, Bender saw the heaviest fighting of the 1992
War of TransnistriaThe War of Transnistria was a limited conflict that broke out in November 1990 at Dubăsari between pro-Transnistria forces, including the Transnistrian Republican Guard, militia and Cossack units, and supported by elements of the Russian 14th army, and pro-Moldovan forces, including Moldovan...
.
Since 1992, Bender has been formally in the
demilitarized zoneThe Joint Control Commission , is a tri-lateral peacekeeping force and joint military command structure which operates in a buffer zone on the border between the Republic of Moldova and the disputed territory controlled by the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic .-History:Following the War of...
established at the end of the conflict, but is de facto controlled by Transnistrian authorities. Moldovan authorities control the commune of
VarniţaVarniţa is a commune and village in the Anenii Noi District, Moldova, located near Bendery . It is also considered a suburb of Bendery...
, which fringes the city to the north. Transnistrian authorities control the communes of
ProteagailovcaProteagailovca is a commune in the municipality of Tighina , Moldova. It is composed of a single village, Proteagailovca, and had a population of 3,142 at the 2004 Census. The locality, although situated on the right bank of the river Dniester, is under the control of the breakaway Transnistrian...
, which borders the city to the west,
GîscaGîsca is a commune near in Căuşeni district, Moldova, composed of a single village with the same name, population 4,841 at the 2004 Census...
, which borders the city to the south-west,
ChiţcaniChiţcani may refer to several places in Moldova:*Chiţcani, a commune in Căuşeni district*Chiţcanii Vechi, a commune in Teleneşti district, and its village of Chiţcanii Noiand to several places in Romania:...
and
CremenciugCremenciug is a commune in Căușeni district, Moldova, composed of a single village with the same name, population 1,094 at the 2004 Census. The locality, although situated on the right bank of the river Dniester, is under the control of the breakaway Transnistrian authorities. On the opposite side...
, further to the south-east, while Moldovans are in control of
CopancaCopanca is a commune in Căuşeni district, Moldova. It is composed of a single village, Copanca....
, further to the south-east.
Administration
Vyacheslav Kogut is the city's current
mayorIn many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
, replacing Aleksander Posudnevsky in 2007.
Demographics
At the
2004 CensusThe 2004 Census in Transnistria was organized in Transnistria at roughly the same time that Moldova held its own census, which Transnistria refused to participate in out of principle and deference to its September 2, 1990 Declaration of Independence....
, the city had a population of 100,169, of which the city itself 97,027, and the commune of
ProteagailovcaProteagailovca is a commune in the municipality of Tighina , Moldova. It is composed of a single village, Proteagailovca, and had a population of 3,142 at the 2004 Census. The locality, although situated on the right bank of the river Dniester, is under the control of the breakaway Transnistrian...
, 3,142.
| Ethnic composition |
| Ethnic group |
1930 census |
1959 census |
1970 census |
1979 census |
1989 census |
2004 census |
the city
itself |
Proteagailovca Proteagailovca is a commune in the municipality of Tighina , Moldova. It is composed of a single village, Proteagailovca, and had a population of 3,142 at the 2004 Census. The locality, although situated on the right bank of the river Dniester, is under the control of the breakaway Transnistrian...
|
The
municipality |
% |
RussiansThe Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....
|
15,116 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
57,800 |
41,949 |
1,482 |
43,431 |
43.35% |
MoldovansMoldovans or Moldavians are the largest population group of Moldova...
1 |
- |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
41,400 |
24,313 |
756 |
25,069 |
25.03% |
RomaniansThe Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania....
1 |
5,464 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
- |
61 |
0-5 |
61-66 |
0.06% |
UkrainiansUkrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
2 |
- |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
25,100 |
17,348 |
658 |
18,006 |
17.98% |
| Ruthenians The name Ruthenian |Rus']]) is a culturally loaded term and has different meanings according to the context in which it is used. Initially, it was the ethnonym used for the East Slavic peoples who lived in Rus'. Later it was used predominantly for Ukrainians...
2 |
1,349 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
BulgariansThe Bessarabian Bulgarians are a Bulgarian minority group of the historical region of Bessarabia, inhabiting parts of present-day Ukraine and Moldova.- Location and number :-Modern Ukraine:...
|
170 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
3,800 |
3,001 |
163 |
3,164 |
3.16% |
| Gagauzians |
40 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
1,600 |
1,066 |
25 |
1,091 |
1.09% |
Jews-Early history:Jews are mentioned from very early in the Principality of Moldavia, but they did not represent a significant number. Their main activity in Moldavia was commerce, but they could not compete with Greeks and Armenians, who had the knowledge of the Levantine commerce and relationships...
|
8,279 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
- |
383 |
2 |
385 |
0.38% |
| Germans |
243 |
N/A |
N/A |
- |
- |
258 |
6 |
264 |
0.26% |
| Poles thumb|right|180px|The state flag of [[Poland]] as used by Polish government and diplomatic authoritiesThe Polish people, or Poles , are a nation indigenous to Poland. They are united by the Polish language, which belongs to the historical Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages of Central Europe...
|
309 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
- |
190 |
0-12 |
190-202 |
0.20% |
ArmeniansArmenian people or Armenians are a nation and ethnic group native to the Armenian Highland.The largest concentration is in Armenia having a nearly-homogeneous population with 97.9% or 3,145,354 being ethnic Armenian....
|
46 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
- |
173 |
0-16 |
173-189 |
0.18% |
| Roma |
24 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
- |
132 |
0-5 |
132-137 |
0.13% |
| Belorussians |
188 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
- |
713 |
19 |
732 |
0.73% |
| others |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
8,300 |
7,440 |
0-31 |
7,440-7,471 |
7.44% |
| non-declared |
51 |
N/A |
N/A |
- |
N/A |
GreeksThe Greeks, also known as the Hellenes , are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighboring regions. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world....
|
37 |
N/A |
N/A |
- |
N/A |
| Hungarians |
24 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
SerbsThe Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...
, CroatsCroats are a South Slavic ethnic group mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. There are around 4 million Croats living inside Croatia and up to 4.5 million throughout the rest of the world. Responding to political, social and economic pressure, many Croats have...
, Slovenes |
22 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Czechs, SlovaksThe Slovaks, Slovak people, or Slovakians are a West Slavic people that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language.Most Slovaks today live within the borders of the independent Slovakia...
|
19 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
TurksTurkish people, also known as the "Turks" , are an ethnic group primarily living in Turkey and in the former lands of the Ottoman Empire where Turkish minorities had been established in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Greece, Kosovo, Macedonia, and Romania...
|
2 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
AlbaniansAlbanians are a nation and ethnic group native to Albania and neighbouring countries. They speak the Albanian language. More than half of all Albanians live in Albania and Kosovo...
|
1 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
| Total |
31,384 |
43,000 |
72,300 |
101,292 |
138,000 |
97,027 |
3,142 |
100,169 |
100% |
Note: 1 Since the independence of Moldova, there has been ongoing controversyA controversy exists over the national identity and name of the native language of the main ethnic group in the Republic of Moldova. The issue more frequently disputed is whether Moldovans constitute a subgroup of Romanians or a separate ethnic group...
over whether Romanians and Moldovans should be counted officially as the same ethnic group or not. At the census, every citizen could only declare one nationality. Consequently, one could not declare oneself both Moldovan and Romanian.
Note: 2 The Ukrainian population of Bessarabia was counted in the past as "Ruthenians" in a similar way the Romanian population is counted as "Moldovan" today
| Native language |
| Language |
1930 census |
2004 census |
RussianRussian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics...
|
16,566 |
N/A |
| Yiddish |
8,117 |
N/A |
RomanianRomanian Romanian Romanian (or Daco-Romanian; obsolete spellings Rumanian, Roumanian; self-designation: română, limba română ("the Romanian language") or românește (lit. "in Romanian") is a Romance language spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova...
|
4,718 |
N/A |
UkrainianUkrainian is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. It is the official state language of Ukraine. Written Ukrainian uses a variant of the Cyrillic alphabet....
|
1,286 |
N/A |
| German German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
|
225 |
N/A |
| Polish Polish is a language of the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages, used throughout Poland and by Polish minorities in other countries...
|
219 |
N/A |
BulgarianBulgarian is an Indo-European language, a member of the Slavic linguistic group.Bulgarian, along with the closely related Macedonian language, demonstrates several linguistic characteristics that set it apart from all other Slavic languages such as the elimination of case declension, the...
|
78 |
N/A |
| Turkish Turkish is a language spoken as a native language by over 83 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Northern Cyprus with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo,...
|
26 |
N/A |
| Greek Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
|
21 |
N/A |
HungarianHungarian is a Uralic language, part of the Ugric group. With some 14 million speakers, it is one of the most widely spoken non-Indo-European languages in Europe....
|
20 |
N/A |
| Gypsy Romani or Romany, Gypsy or Gipsy is any of several languages of the Romani people. They are Indic, sometimes classified in the "Central" or "Northwestern" zone, and sometimes treated as a branch of their own....
|
16 |
N/A |
CzechCzech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers; it is the majority language in the Czech Republic and spoken by Czechs worldwide. The language was known as Bohemian in English until the late 19th century...
, SlovakSlovak , is an Indo-European language that belongs to the West Slavic languages .Slovak is the official language of Slovakia, where it is spoken by 5 million people...
|
14 |
N/A |
| Armenian The Armenian language is an Indo-European language spoken by the Armenian people. It is the official language of the Republic of Armenia as well as in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh. The language is also widely spoken by Armenian communities in the Armenian diaspora...
|
11 |
N/A |
| Serbo-Croatian Serbo-Croatian or Serbo-Croat, less commonly Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian , is a South Slavic language with multiple standards and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro...
, Slovene |
8 |
N/A |
AlbanianAlbanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece...
|
2 |
N/A |
| other |
11 |
N/A |
| non-declared |
46 |
N/A |
| Total |
31,384 |
100,169 |
Famous natives
Famous people born in the city include:
- Two Ottoman
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
Grand VizierGrand Vizier, in Turkish Vezir-i Azam or Sadr-ı Azam , deriving from the Arabic word vizier , was the greatest minister of the Sultan, with absolute power of attorney and, in principle, dismissable only by the Sultan himself...
s known as Benderli Pasha (disambiguation)
- Constantin Andronic, artist
- Lev Simonovich Berg, Jewish Soviet zoologist and geographer
- Tamara Buciuceanu, Romanian actress
- Emil Constantinescu
Emil Constantinescu was President of Romania from 1996 to 2000.He graduated from the law school of the University of Bucharest, and subsequently started a career as a geologist...
, former President of Romania
- Iuliu Filippovitch Edlis, dramatist, writer
- Evgenii Konstantinovitch Fiodorov, Russian geophysicist
- Nicolai Lilin (* 1980), author
- Jerzy Neyman
Jerzy Neyman , born Jerzy Spława-Neyman, was a Polish American mathematician and statistician who spent most of his professional career at the University of California, Berkeley.-Life and career:...
, Polish statistician
- Michael Postan, British economic historian
- Anna Pavlovna Tanskaia, singer
- Zrubavel Gilad
- Biography :Gilad was born in 1912 in Bender, Bessarabia, , and his family fled to Odessa during World War I. After the Russian Revolution, they moved to Mandate Palestine. In 1924, they settled in Ein Harod, where he lived until his death in 1988...
, poet
Sport
FC Dinamo BenderFC Tighina is a Moldovan football club based in Bendery , Moldova. They play in the Divizia A, the second division in Moldovan football.-History:During its existence, the club has been known by the following names:...
is the city's professional football club, playing in the top Moldovan football league, the
Divizia NaţionalăThe Moldovan National Division is the top division of association football in Moldova. There are 12 teams in the competition. At the end of the season, the bottom club is relegated to the "A" Division and replaced by the lower league's champion....
.
Twin towns — Sister cities
Bender is
twinnedTwin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with:
BeiraBeira is the second largest city in Mozambique. It lies in the central region of the country in Sofala Province, where the Pungue River meets the Indian Ocean. Beira had a population of 412,588 in 1997, which grew to an estimated 546,000 in 2006...
,
MozambiqueMozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique , is a country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest...
CavriagoCavriago is a comune in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 70 km northwest of Bologna and about 8 km west of Reggio Emilia...
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ItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
DubăsariDubăsari is a city in Transnistria, with a population of 23,650. The city is under the administration of the breakaway government of the "Transnistrian Moldovan Republic", and functions as the seat of the Dubăsari sub-district, Transnistria, Moldova.-Name:The origin of the town name is the plural...
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MoldovaMoldova , officially the Republic of Moldova is a landlocked state in Eastern Europe, located between Romania to the West and Ukraine to the North, East and South. It declared itself an independent state with the same boundaries as the preceding Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1991, as part...
MontesilvanoMontesilvano is a town and comune of the province of Pescara in the Abruzzo region of Italy. The name Montesilvano is apparently derived from the Latin which means woody hill .-Geography:...
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ItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
OchamchireOchamchira is a seaside city on the Black Sea coast of Abkhazia, Georgia, and a centre of the eponymous district.According to the 1978 population census, Ochamchira had 18,700 residents. After the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict of 1992-93, Ochamchira experienced a significant population decline due to...
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AbkhaziaAbkhazia is a disputed political entity on the eastern coast of the Black Sea and the south-western flank of the Caucasus.Abkhazia considers itself an independent state, called the Republic of Abkhazia or Apsny...
External links
Bendery (Bender) in the Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland (1880)