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This article is about a geographic region. For the Yunga language, see Mochica language
Mochica language

Mochica is a Chimuan language formerly spoken along the northwest coast of Peru and in some inland village. It was first documented in 1607. It was widely spoken in the area during the 17th and early 18th century....
.


The Yungas is a stretch of forest along the eastern slope of the Andes Mountains from southeastern Peru
Peru

Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
 through central Bolivia
Bolivia

The Republic of Bolivia , named after Sim?n Bol?var, is a landlocked country in central South America. It is bordered by Brazil on the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina on the south, and Chile and Peru on the west....
. It is a transitional zone between the Andean highlands and the eastern forests. Like the surrounding areas, it has characteristics of the Neotropic
Neotropic

In biogeography, Neotropic or Neotropical refers to one of the world's eight terrestrial ecozones.This ecozone includes South and Central America, the Mexico lowlands, the Caribbean islands, and southern Florida, because these regions share a large number of plant and animal groups....
 ecozone
Ecozone

An ecozone or biogeographic realm is the largest scale biogeography division of the earth's surface based on the historic and evolutionary distribution patterns of plants and animals....
. It is rainy, humid, and warm (Yungas is Aymaran
Aymara language

Aymara is an Aymaran languages language spoken by the Aymara ethnic group of the Andes. It is one of only a handful of Indigenous languages of the Americas with over a million speakers....
 for “Warm Lands”).

Yungas forests are extremely diverse, ranging from moist lowland forest to evergreen montane forest and cloud forest
Cloud forest

A cloud forest, also called a fog forest, is a generally tropical or subtropical evergreen montane Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests characterized by a high incidence of low-level cloud cover, usually at the canopy level....
s.






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This article is about a geographic region. For the Yunga language, see Mochica language
Mochica language

Mochica is a Chimuan language formerly spoken along the northwest coast of Peru and in some inland village. It was first documented in 1607. It was widely spoken in the area during the 17th and early 18th century....
.


The Yungas is a stretch of forest along the eastern slope of the Andes Mountains from southeastern Peru
Peru

Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
 through central Bolivia
Bolivia

The Republic of Bolivia , named after Sim?n Bol?var, is a landlocked country in central South America. It is bordered by Brazil on the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina on the south, and Chile and Peru on the west....
. It is a transitional zone between the Andean highlands and the eastern forests. Like the surrounding areas, it has characteristics of the Neotropic
Neotropic

In biogeography, Neotropic or Neotropical refers to one of the world's eight terrestrial ecozones.This ecozone includes South and Central America, the Mexico lowlands, the Caribbean islands, and southern Florida, because these regions share a large number of plant and animal groups....
 ecozone
Ecozone

An ecozone or biogeographic realm is the largest scale biogeography division of the earth's surface based on the historic and evolutionary distribution patterns of plants and animals....
. It is rainy, humid, and warm (Yungas is Aymaran
Aymara language

Aymara is an Aymaran languages language spoken by the Aymara ethnic group of the Andes. It is one of only a handful of Indigenous languages of the Americas with over a million speakers....
 for “Warm Lands”).

Setting

The Yungas forests are extremely diverse, ranging from moist lowland forest to evergreen montane forest and cloud forest
Cloud forest

A cloud forest, also called a fog forest, is a generally tropical or subtropical evergreen montane Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests characterized by a high incidence of low-level cloud cover, usually at the canopy level....
s. The terrain, formed by valley
Valley

In geology, a valley is a Depression with predominant extent in one direction. A very deep river valley may be called a canyon or gorge....
s, fluvial mountain trails and stream
Stream

A stream is a body of water less than 60 feet wide with a current , confined within a stream bed and stream banks. Depending on its locale or certain characteristics, a stream may be referred to as brook, beck, Burn , creek, crick, kill, lick , rill, river syke, bayou, rivu...
s, is extremely rugged and varied, contributing to the ecological diversity and richness. A complex mosaic of habitats occur with changing latitude as well as elevation. There are high levels of biodiversity
Biodiversity

Biodiversity is the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or for the entire Earth. Biodiversity is often used as a measure of the health of biological systems....
 and species endemism
Endemic (ecology)

Endemism is the ecological state of being unique to a particular geographic location, such as a specific island, Habitat type, nation, or other defined zone....
 throughout the Yungas regions. Many of the forests are evergreen, and the South Andean Yungas contains what may be the last evergreen forests resulting from Quaternary
Quaternary

The Quaternary Period is the Geologic Time Scale period after the Neogene Period, spanning 1.805 +/- 0.005 million years ago to the present. The Quaternary includes two geologic epochs: the Pleistocene and the Holocene epoch ....
 glaciations.

World Wildlife Ecoregions

The World Wide Fund for Nature
World Wide Fund for Nature

The World Wide Fund for Nature is an Internationalism non-governmental organization for the Conservation biology, Environmental science and Restoration ecology of the environment , formerly named the World Wildlife Fund, which remains its official name in the United States and Canada....
 has delineated three yungas ecoregions along the eastern side of the Andes. The northernmost is called the Peruvian Yungas (), located entirely within Peru
Peru

Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
 and stretching nearly the whole length of the country. The Bolivian Yungas () lies to the south, mostly in Bolivia but including part of southern Peru. The Inambari River
Inambari River

The Inambari River in southeastern Peru flows from the Apolobamba in the Andes to the Madre de Dios River. The river spans the Puno Region and Madre de Dios Region regions....
 marks the boundary between the Peruvian Yungas and Bolivian Yungas since the yungas north and south of the river have distinct ecological differences. The Southern Andean Yungas begins in southern Bolivia and continues south into Argentina
Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic , is a country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city....
. The Southern Andean Yungas () is a humid forest region between the drier Gran Chaco
Gran Chaco

The Gran Chaco , is a sparsely populated, hot and semi-arid lowland region, of the R?o de la Plata basin, divided between eastern Bolivia, Paraguay, northern Argentina and a portion of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso....
 region to the east and the dry, high altitude Puna
Puna grassland

Puna is one of the eight Natural Regions of Peru. It is a type of montane grasslands and shrublands found in the central Andes Mountains of South America....
 region to the west.

Flora and Fauna