Harvest and post-harvest

Breeding

"A" cultivars: Hass, Gwen, Lamb Hass, Pinkerton, Reed.

"B" cultivars: Fuerte, Sharwil, Zutano, Bacon, Ettinger, Sir Prize, Walter Hole.

Propagation and rootstocks

Diseases

Cultivation in California

Hass cultivar

Other cultivars

Avocado-related international trade issues

Health benefits

Uses

Nutritional value

As a houseplant

Co-evolution

Recipes

See also

• Recalcitrant seed
  Recalcitrant seed
  
  Recalcitrant seeds are seeds that do not survive drying and freezing during ex-situ conservation. Moreover, these seeds cannot resist the effects of drying or temperatures less than 10? C thus they cannot be stored for long periods like Orthodox seeds because they can lose their viability....
  

External links

• Online library of avocado research papers.
• Australian Avocados.
• , avocados beyond Persea americana

	Avocado
	Home Discussion Definition
	Topics Avocado Topic Home The avocado (Persea americana), also known as palta or aguacate (Spanish Spanish language Spanish or Castilian is a Romance languages that originated in northern Spain, and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile and evolved into the principal language of government and trade.... ), butter pear or alligator pear, is a tree TREE TREE was a Boston hardcore punk band formed in the summer of 1990. They were active in the Boston music scene until disbanding in 2002....  native to Mexico Mexico The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federalism constitutionalism republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico.... , South America South America South America is the southern continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere....  and Central America Central America Central America is a central geography region of the Americas. It is the southernmost, isthmus portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast.... , classified in the flowering plant Flowering plant The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....  family Lauraceae Lauraceae The Lauraceae or Laurel family comprises a group of flowering plants included in the order Laurales. The family contains about 55 genera and over 2000 species world-wide, mostly from warm or tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and Brazil.... . The name "avocado" also refers to the fruit (technically a large berry Berry In everyday English, a berry is a broad term for any small edible fruit. Most berries are juicy, round or semi-oblong, brightly coloured, sweet or sour, and don't have a stone or pit.... ) of the tree that contains a pit (hard seed casing) which may be egg-shaped or spherical. Avocados are a commercially valuable crop whose trees and fruit are cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world (and some temperate ones, such as California California California is a U.S. state on the West Coast of the United States of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. It is bordered by Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, and to the south the Mexico state of Baja California.... ), producing a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting. Nutrition Facts ???? Nutrition Facts Calories in ???? Carbs in ???? Fat in ???? Discussion Ask a question about 'Avocado' Start a new discussion about 'Avocado' Answer questions from other users Full Discussion Forum Encyclopedia The avocado (Persea americana), also known as palta or aguacate (Spanish Spanish language Spanish or Castilian is a Romance languages that originated in northern Spain, and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile and evolved into the principal language of government and trade.... ), butter pear or alligator pear, is a tree TREE TREE was a Boston hardcore punk band formed in the summer of 1990. They were active in the Boston music scene until disbanding in 2002....  native to Mexico Mexico The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federalism constitutionalism republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico.... , South America South America South America is the southern continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere....  and Central America Central America Central America is a central geography region of the Americas. It is the southernmost, isthmus portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast.... , classified in the flowering plant Flowering plant The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....  family Lauraceae Lauraceae The Lauraceae or Laurel family comprises a group of flowering plants included in the order Laurales. The family contains about 55 genera and over 2000 species world-wide, mostly from warm or tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and Brazil.... . The name "avocado" also refers to the fruit (technically a large berry Berry In everyday English, a berry is a broad term for any small edible fruit. Most berries are juicy, round or semi-oblong, brightly coloured, sweet or sour, and don't have a stone or pit.... ) of the tree that contains a pit (hard seed casing) which may be egg-shaped or spherical. Avocados are a commercially valuable crop whose trees and fruit are cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world (and some temperate ones, such as California California California is a U.S. state on the West Coast of the United States of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. It is bordered by Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, and to the south the Mexico state of Baja California.... ), producing a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting. Trees are partially self-pollinating Self-pollination Self-pollination is a form of pollination that can occur when a flower has both stamen and a carpel in which the cultivar or species is Self-fertilization and the stamens and the sticky carpel of the carpel contact each other to accomplish pollination....  and often are propagated Plant propagation 'Plant propagation' is the process of artificially or naturally distributing plants....  through grafting Grafting Grafting is a method of asexual plant propagation widely used in agriculture and horticulture where the tissues of one plant are encouraged to fuse with those of another....  to maintain a predictable quality and quantity of the fruit. After the seed is planted, it takes about two to six weeks to sprout. History P. americana, or the avocado, has a long history of being cultivated in Central and South America; a water jar shaped like an avocado, dating to A.D. 900, was discovered in the pre-Inca Inca The Inca civilization began as a tribe in the Cuzco area, where the legendary first Sapa Inca, Manco Capac founded the Kingdom of Cuzco around 1200.... n city of Chan Chan Chan Chan The largest Pre-Columbian city in South America, Chan Chan is an archaeology site located in the Peruvian region of La Libertad region, five km east of Trujillo, Peru....  The earliest known written account of the avocado in Europe is that of Martín Fernández de Enciso Martín Fernández de Enciso Mart?n Fern?ndez de Enciso was a navigator and geographer who was instrumental in colonising the Isthmus of Darien. Fernandez de Enciso founded a village near the Cabo de la Vela with the name Nuestra Se?ora Santa Mar?a de los Remedios del Cabo de la Vela, the first settlement in the Guajira Peninsula....  (c. 1470–c. 1528) in 1518 or 1519 in his book, Suma de Geografía que Trata de Todas las Partidas y Provincias del Mundo. The first written record in English English language English is a West Germanic language that originated in Anglo-Saxon England and has lingua franca status in many parts of the world as a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the mid 20th century onwa...  of the use of the word 'avocado' was by Hans Sloane Hans Sloane Sir Hans Sloane, 1st Baronet, Royal Society was an Ulster-Scots physician and collector, notable for bequeathing his collection to the British nation which became the foundation of the British Museum....  in a 1696 index of Jamaica Jamaica Jamaica is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. It is about south of Cuba, and west of the island of Hispaniola, on which Haiti and the Dominican Republic are situated.... n plants. The plant was introduced to Indonesia Indonesia The Republic of Indonesia , is a transcontinental country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Comprising Islands of Indonesia, it is the world's largest Archipelago state....  by 1750, Brazil Brazil Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is a country in South America. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, occupying nearly half of South America, the List of countries by population country, and the fourth most populous democracy in the world....  in 1809, the Levant Levant The Levant describes, traditionally, the Eastern Mediterranean at large, but can be used as a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia formed by the lands bordering the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, roughly bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains, on the south by the Arabian Desert, and on the west by the M...  in 1908, and South Africa South Africa The Republic of South Africa, also known by Official names of South Africa, is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa....  and Australia Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the southern hemisphere comprising the Australia of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and numerous list of islands of Australia in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans....  in the late 19th century. Etymology The word "avocado" comes from the Nahuatl Nahuatl language Nahuatl is a group of related languages and dialects of the Nahuan branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family.Collectively they are spoken by an estimated Nahua peoples, most of whom live in Central Mexico....  word ahuacatl ("testicle Testicle The testicle is the male gonad in animals. This article will concentrate on mammalian testicles unless otherwise noted.The etymology of the word is somewhat colorfully based on Roman law.... ", a reference to the shape of the fruit). Historically avocados had a long-standing stigma as a sexual stimulant and were not purchased or consumed by any person wishing to preserve a chaste image. Avocados were known by the Aztecs as "the fertility fruit". In some countries of South America such as Argentina Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic , is a country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city.... , Bolivia Bolivia The Republic of Bolivia , named after Sim?n Bol?var, is a landlocked country in central South America. It is bordered by Brazil on the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina on the south, and Chile and Peru on the west.... , Chile Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow coastal strip wedged between the Andes mountains and the Pacific Ocean.... , Peru Peru Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean.... , and Uruguay Uruguay Uruguay is a country located in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to 3.46 million people, of whom 1.7 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area.... , the avocado is known by its Quechua Quechua Quechua is a Native American language of South America. It was already widely spoken across the Central Andes long before the time of the Inca Empire, who established it as the official language of administration for their Empire, and is still spoken today in various regional forms by some 10 million people through much of South America, in...  name, palta. In other Spanish-speaking countries it is called aguacate, and in Portuguese it is abacate. The fruit is sometimes called an "avocado pear and alligator pear (pear due to its shape, and alligator due to the rough green skin of some cultivar Cultivar A cultivar is a cultivated plant that has been selected and given a unique name because of its decorative or useful characteristics; it is usually distinct from similar plants and when Plant propagation it retains those characteristics.... s). The Nahuatl ahuacatl can be compounded with other words, as in ahuacamolli, meaning "avocado soup or sauce", from which the Mexican Spanish Mexican Spanish Mexican Spanish is the dialect of the Spanish language, as spoken in Mexico.Spanish was brought to present day Mexico around 500 years ago. As a result of Mexico City's central role in the colonial administration of Viceroyalty of New Spain, the population of the city included relatively large numbers of speakers from Spain....  word guacamole Guacamole Guacamole is an avocado-based relish or Food dip....  derives. Cultivation }