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The
list of extinct animals in Europe features the animals that have become
extinctIn biology and ecology, extinction is the end of an organism or group of taxa. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of that species...
on the
European continentEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus Mountains , and the Black Sea to the southeast...
and some in other dependent territories of European countries. While most of the animals in the recent
HoloceneThe Holocene is a geological epoch which began approximately 11 700 years ago . According to traditional geological thinking, the Holocene continues to the present. The Holocene is part of the Neogene and Quaternary periods. Its name comes from the Greek words and , meaning "entirely...
have a human-caused extinction,
PleistoceneThe Pleistocene is the epoch from 2.588 million to 12 000 years BP covering the world's recent period of repeated glaciations. The name pleistocene is derived from the Greek and ....
extinctions and early Holocene extinctions are contested. Some see them as human-caused while others as a product of climate change.
PleistoceneThe Pleistocene is the epoch from 2.588 million to 12 000 years BP covering the world's recent period of repeated glaciations. The name pleistocene is derived from the Greek and ....
extinctions
- Cave Bear
The Cave Bear was a species of bear which lived in Europe during the Pleistocene and became extinct at the beginning of the Last Glacial Maximum about 27,500 years ago....
, Ursus spelaeus
- European cave lion
The cave lion also known as the European or Eurasian cave lion, is an extinct subspecies of lion known from fossils and multiple examples of prehistoric art.-Physical characteristics:...
, Panthera leo spelaea
- Dwarf Elephants in the Mediterranean
Fossil remains of dwarf elephants have been found on the Mediterranean islands of Cyprus, Malta , Crete, Sicily, Sardinia, the Cyclades Islands and the Dodecanese Islands. Other islands where dwarf elephants have been found are Sulawesi, Flores, Timor and other islands of the Lesser Sundas...
, Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) sp. (Several species on different islands.)
- Cretan Dwarf Hippopotamus
The Cretan Dwarf Hippopotamus or Hippopotamus creutzburgi is an extinct hippopotamus. It lived during the Pleistocene on Crete.Two subspecies have been named: Hippopotamus creutzburgi creutzburgi and the smalller Hippopotamus creutzburgi parvus.Bones of the Cretan dwarf hippo were found by Dorothea...
, Hippopotamus creutzburgi (CreteCrete is the largest of the Greek islands and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea at 8,336 km²...
, GreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula....
)
- Dinofelis
Dinofelis is a genus of saber-toothed cats belonging to the tribe Metailurini. They were widespread in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America at least 5 million to about 1.2 million years ago...
, Dinofelis diastemata
- European Hippopotamus
The European Hippopotamus was a species of hippopotamus that ranged across Europe, becoming extinct some time before the last ice age at the end of the Pleistocene epoch. H...
, Hippopotamus antiquus
- Giant Unicorn, Elasmotherium sibiricum
- Neanderthal
The Neanderthal , or ), also spelled Neandertal, is an extinct member of the Homo genus that is known from Pleistocene specimens found in Europe and parts of western and central Asia. Neanderthals are either classified as a subspecies of humans or as a separate species...
, Homo neanderthalensis
- Woolly Mammoth
A mammoth is any species of the extinct genus Mammuthus. These proboscideans are members of Elephantidae, the family of elephants and mammoths, and close relatives of modern elephants. They were often equipped with long curved tusks and, in northern species, a covering of long hair. They lived from...
, Mammuthus primigenius
- Sardinian Dwarf Mammoth
Fossil remains of dwarf elephants have been found on the Mediterranean islands of Cyprus, Malta , Crete, Sicily, Sardinia, the Cyclades Islands and the Dodecanese Islands. Other islands where dwarf elephants have been found are Sulawesi, Flores, Timor and other islands of the Lesser Sundas...
, Mammuthus lamarmorae (SardiniaSardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea . The area of Sardinia is . The nearest land masses to the island are the French island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula, Tunisia, and the Spanish Balearic Islands...
, ItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
)
- Maltese Hippopotamus
Hippopotamus melitensis is an extinct hippopotamus. It lived during the Pleistocene on Malta. The absence of predators led to the dwarfing of the hippos. The majority of findings of this species are known from the Għar Dalam, a cave on Malta famous for its Pleistocene fossil deposits.-See also:*...
, Hippopotamus melitensis (MaltaMalta , officially the Republic of Malta , is a densely populated developed European country in the European Union. The Southern European island nation is an archipelago that includes the inhabited islands of Malta, Gozo and Comino, along with a number of smaller, uninhabited islands...
)
- Sicilian Hippopotamus
Hippopotamus pentlandi is an extinct hippopotamus. It lived during the Pleistocene on Sicily. It was the smallest of the dwarf hippos known from the Mediterranean of the Pleistocene weighing in at 320 kg.-See also:* Maltese Hippopotamus...
, Hippopotamus pentlandi (SicilySicily is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is an autonomous region of Italy. Several much smaller islands surrounding it are considered to be part of Sicily....
, ItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
)
- Straight-tusked Elephant
The Straight-tusked Elephant is an extinct species of elephant closely related to the living Asian Elephant. It inhabited Europe during the Middle and Late Pleistocene . Some experts regard the smaller Asian species E...
, Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus
- Tenerife Giant Rat
The Tenerife Giant Rat was endemic to the island of Tenerife, the largest of the Canary Islands, Spain. Many remains have been found during archeological digs. Most remains are from the Pleistocene. With help of radiocarbon dating some of the finds are dated from about 12,000 years ago . This...
, Canariomys bravoi (TenerifeTenerife, a Spanish island, is the largest of the seven Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Africa. Tenerife has an area of 2034.38 square kilometers, and 886,033 inhabitants, which make it the most populated island of the Canary Islands and Spain. About five million tourists...
, Canary IslandsThe Canary Islands are a Spanish archipelago which, in turn, forms one of the Spanish Autonomous Communities and an Outermost Region of the European Union. The archipelago is located just off the northwest coast of mainland Africa, 100 km west of the disputed border between Morocco and the...
, SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
)
- Woolly Rhinoceros
The woolly rhinoceros is an extinct species of rhinoceros native to the northern steppes of Eurasia that lived during the Pleistocene epoch and survived the last glacial period...
, Coelodonta antiquitatis
- Steppe rhinoceros, Dicerorhinus hemitoechus
- Woodland rhinoceros, Dicerorhinus kirchbergensis
- Cyprus Dwarf Hippopotamus
The Cyprus Dwarf Hippopotamus or Cypriot Pygmy Hippopotamus is an extinct species of hippopotamus that inhabited the island of Cyprus until the early Holocene....
, Hippopotamus minor (CyprusCyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is a Eurasian island country situated in the eastern Mediterranean, south of Turkey and west of Syria and Lebanon....
)
- Sardinian Dhole
The Sardinian Dhole Cynotherium sardous was an endemic insular canid, that occurred on the Italian island of Sardinia and the French island of Corsica . It became extinct when humans began to settle on the island.When this canid became confined to the island, it faced a menu consisting of small and...
, Cynotherium sardous (SardiniaSardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea . The area of Sardinia is . The nearest land masses to the island are the French island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula, Tunisia, and the Spanish Balearic Islands...
)
Mammals
- Aurochs
The aurochs or urus was a type of wild cattle, the ancestor of domestic cattle. It inhabited Europe, Asia and North Africa, but is now extinct; it survived in Europe until 1627....
, Bos primigenius primigenius (1627, PolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe . Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
)
- Balearic Giant Shrew, Nesiotites hidalgo (Majorca, Minorca
Minorca or Menorca is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. It takes its name from being smaller than the nearby island of Majorca....
, SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
)
- Balearic Islands Cave Goat, Myotragus balearicus (Balearic Islands
The Balearic Islands are an archipelago in the western Mediterranean Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula....
)
- Caspian Tiger
The Caspian tiger , also known as the Persian tiger, Turanian tiger, Mazandaran tiger or Hyrcanian tiger was the westernmost population of Siberian tiger, found in Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Turkey, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan until it apparently became...
, Panthera tigris virgata (1960s, GeorgiaGeorgia Georgia Georgia is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Situated at the juncture of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the east by Azerbaijan...
, ArmeniaArmenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia...
, AzerbaijanAzerbaijan , formally the Republic of Azerbaijan , is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south...
, southwest RussiaRussia , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia . It is a semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, CrimeaCrimea or the Autonomous Republic of Crimea is the only autonomous republic of Ukraine. It is located on the northern coast of the Black Sea, occupying a peninsula of the same name.The territory of Crimea was conquered and controlled many times throughout its history...
(possible))
- Caucasian Moose
The Caucasian Moose was a subspecies of moose found in the Caucasus Mountains of Eastern Europe. It is widely believed to be extinct....
, Alces alces caucasicus (1810, Caucasus MountainsThe Caucasus Mountains is a mountain system in Eurasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region.The Caucasus Mountains are made up of two separate mountain systems:* the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range and...
)
- Caucasian Wisent
The Caucasian Wisent was a subspecies of Wisent that inhabited the Caucasus Mountains of Eastern Europe.It was hunted by the Caspian Tiger and the Asiatic Lion in the Caucasus, as well as other predators such as wolves and bears.-Decline and extinction:In the 17th century, the Caucasian wisent...
, Bison bonasus caucasicus (1927, Caucasus MountainsThe Caucasus Mountains is a mountain system in Eurasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region.The Caucasus Mountains are made up of two separate mountain systems:* the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range and...
)
- Carpathian Wisent
The Carpathian Wisent was a subspecies of Wisent that inhabited the Carpathian Mountains, Moldavia and Transylvania...
, Bison bonasus hungarorum (1790, Carpathian MountainsThe Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians are a range of mountains forming an arc roughly long across Central and Eastern Europe, making them the largest mountain range in Europe...
)
- Cretan Dwarf Megacerine
The Cretan Dwarf Megacerine, scientifically known as Candiacervus cretensis, or Megaloceros cretensis, is an extinct species of deer from the late Pleistocene of the island of . In life, it would have been about 60 centimeters at the withers....
, Candiacervus cretensis (CreteCrete is the largest of the Greek islands and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea at 8,336 km²...
, GreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula....
)
- European Ass
The European Ass is an extinct equine from the middle and late Pleistocene of Eurasia. It appeared first in the fossil report 300.000 years before present and disappeared not until Holocene times...
or Encebra, Equus hydruntinus (1400s, SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
)
- European Lion
European lion could be an extinct subspecies of lion that inhabited southern Europe until historic times. This population is generally considered part of the Asiatic lion , but others consider it a separate subspecies, the European lion...
, Panthera leo europaea (100 AD, GreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula....
)
- Irish Elk
The Irish Elk or Giant Deer , was a species of Megaloceros and one of the largest deer that ever lived. Its range extended across Eurasia, from Ireland to east of Lake Baikal, during the Late Pleistocene. The latest known remains of the species have been carbon dated to about 7,700 years ago...
, Megaloceros giganteus (c.5000 BC, Ural MountainsThe Ural Mountains are a mountain range that runs roughly north-south through western Russia. They are usually considered the natural boundary between Europe and Asia....
)
- Majorcan Giant Dormouse
The Majorcan Giant Dormouse, scientifically known as Hypnomys morphaeus or Eliomys morpheus , is an animal extinct from Europe. It is considered an example of Island gigantism....
, Hypnomys morphaeus (Majorca, SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
)
- Majorcan Hare
The Majorcan Hare is a subspecies of the Granada Hare, from Majorca, Spain. It was described only in 1992. Many sources claim it went extinct, but this might not be true as other sources say it survives....
, Lepus granatensis solisi (1980s, Majorca, SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
)
- Minorcan Giant Dormouse
The Minorcan Giant Dormouse, scientifically known as Hypnomys mahonensis is an animal extinct from Europe....
, Hypnomys mahonensis (MinorcaMinorca or Menorca is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. It takes its name from being smaller than the nearby island of Majorca....
, SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
)
- Portuguese Ibex
The Portuguese Ibex Capra pyrenaica lusitanica was a species of mountain goat that inhabited the north mountainous zones of Portugal, Galicia, Asturias and western Cantabria. In size and colouration it was much like the Spanish animals, though inclining towards brown rather than black markings...
, Capra pyrenaica lusitanica (1892, PortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east...
)
- Pyrenean Ibex
The Pyrenean Ibex is an ibex, one of the two extinct subspecies of Spanish Ibex. The subspecies once ranged across the Pyrenees in France and Spain and the surrounding area, including the Basque Country, Navarre, north Aragon and north Catalonia. A few hundred years ago they were numerous, but by...
, Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica (2000, SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
)
- Sardinian Giant Shrew, Nesiotites similis (Sardinia
Sardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea . The area of Sardinia is . The nearest land masses to the island are the French island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula, Tunisia, and the Spanish Balearic Islands...
, ItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
)
- Sardinian Lynx
The Sardinian Lynx is an extinct subspecies of the Eurasian Lynx that once could be found on the Italian island of Sardinia.In 1908, Pasquale Mola described a lynx from Nuoro as Lynx sardiniae. The length of the Sardinian Lynx was 1 m; the height 35 cm and the tail 33 cm. The cheeks were...
, Lynx lynx sardiniae (SardiniaSardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea . The area of Sardinia is . The nearest land masses to the island are the French island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula, Tunisia, and the Spanish Balearic Islands...
, ItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
)
- Sardinian Pika
The Sardinian Pika was a pika native to the Mediterranean islands of Sardinia and Corsica until its extinction in the late 1700s or early 1800s. It was described by early Sardinian authors as "a giant rabbit with no tail", and it is believed that the Nuragici, the ancient peoples of Sardinia,...
, Prolagus sardus (1800, SardiniaSardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea . The area of Sardinia is . The nearest land masses to the island are the French island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula, Tunisia, and the Spanish Balearic Islands...
, ItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
)
- St Kilda House Mouse
The St Kilda House Mouse was a subspecies of the house mouse found only on the islands of the St Kilda archipelago of northwest Scotland....
- Tarpan
Tarpan is an extinct subspecies of wild horse. The last individual of this subspecies died in captivity in Russia in 1909....
, Equus ferus ferus (1880, PolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe . Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
)
Birds
- Great Auk
The Great Auk, Pinguinus impennis, formerly of the genus Alca, is a bird that became extinct in the mid-19th century. It was the only species in the genus Pinguinus - a group of birds that included several flightless giant auks from the Atlantic Ocean region - to survive until modern times...
, Pinguinus impennis (1844, IcelandThe Republic of Iceland is a European island country located in the North Atlantic Ocean. It has a population of about 320,000 and a total area of 103,000 km². Its capital and largest city is Reykjavík, whose surrounding area is home to approximately two thirds of the national population...
)
- Ibiza Rail
The Ibiza Rail is new species of rail, described from a Late Pleistocene to Holocene cave deposit at Es Pouàs, on the island of Ibiza. Ibiza is in the Pityuses group of the Spanish Balearic Islands which are located in the Mediterranean Sea...
, Rallus eivissensis (c. 5000 BC, IbizaIbiza is an island in the Mediterranean Sea 79 km off the coast of the city of Valencia in Iberian Peninsula Spain. It is the third largest of the Balearic Islands, an autonomous community of Spain. With Formentera, it is one of the two Pine Islands or Pityuses...
, SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
)
- Pied Raven
The pied raven was a colour morph of the North Atlantic subspecies of the common raven which was only found on the Faroe Islands and has disappeared since the mid twentieth century. It had large areas of white feathering, most frequently on the head, the wings and the belly, and its beak was light...
, Corvus corax varius morpha leucophaeus (1948, Faroe IslandsThe Faroe Islands, sometimes Faeroe Islands, Faroe, or Faeroes are an island group situated between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, approximately halfway between Scotland and Iceland...
)
- raven
Raven is the common name given to several larger-bodied members of the genus Corvus—but in Europe and North America the Common Raven is normally implied.Species include:* Common Raven* Thick-billed Raven* Brown-necked Raven* Chihuahuan Raven...
/ a instinct animal is a raven uwyen hvgyrthk france
Reptiles
- Ratas Island Lizard
The Ratas Island Lizard once lived on a rocky island in the bay of Mahon, Minorca . But the island, which was its habitat, was destroyed when Port Mahon was rebuilt. The last sign of this subspecies was in 1950 and it seems to be extinct. Four specimens of this European reptile are conserved in...
, Podarcis lilfordi rodriquezi (1950, MinorcaMinorca or Menorca is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. It takes its name from being smaller than the nearby island of Majorca....
, SpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
[The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though España , Estado español and Nación española are used interchangeably...]
)
- Santo Stefano Lizard
The Santo Stefano lizard lived on Santo Stefano Island a small island near Ventotene in the Tyrrhenian sea off the west coast of Italy, and part of the Pontine Islands. It became extinct in 1965, probably caused by feral cats and a snake species. These animals destroyed almost the whole population...
, Podarcis sicula sanctistephani (1965, Santo Stefano IslandSanto Stefano is an island in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the west coast of Italy, and part of the Pontine Islands. It is a circular shape, less than 500 metres in diameter, and located 2 kilometres east from the nearby island of Ventotene....
, ItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
)
Fish
- Coregonus fera
Coregonus fera, commonly called the true fera is a presumed extinct freshwater fish from Lake Geneva in Switzerland and France.-Description:The status of the fera is disputed. In 1950 Emile Dottrens described Coregonus fera as both native to Lake Geneva and Lake Constance. The coregonines from Lake...
(1950)
- Coregonus gutturosus (1960 or 1992)
- Coregonus hiemalis (1920 or 1950)
- Coregonus oxyrhynchus
- Coregonus restrictus (1900)
- Coregonus vandesius vandesius (1970)
- Chondrostoma scodrense
Chondrostoma scodrense is a ray-finned fish classified as extinct by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.It used to occur in Lake Scutari and its surroundings in Albania and Montenegro in the late 19th century. By the time its distinctness was realized around 100 years later, none were found...
Insects
- Tobias' caddisfly
Tobias' caddisfly was a caddisfly which lived on the River Rhine between Mainz and Cologne. It was last seen in 1938 and was described in 1977 by Austrian entomologist Hans Malicky on the basis of material he found in earlier collections. Very little is known about the species and no larvae were...
, Hydropsyche tobiasi (1938, GermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
)
- Maculinea alcon arenaria
The Dutch Alcon Blue was a subspecies of the Alcon Blue butterfly Phengaris alcon. There is not much known about this subspecies, but it has always been very rare. It was endemic to the Netherlands, where two populations were known. One in Meijendel , and in the Meije...
(1979, NetherlandsThe Netherlands is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east...
)
- Perrin's cave beetle
Perrin's cave beetle is an extinct freshwater beetle from France. It and Siettitia ayenionensis are the only two species in the genus Siettitia....
, Siettitia balsetensis (FranceFrance , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
)
- Thetidia smaragdaria maritima, British subspecies of the Essex Emerald
The Essex Emerald is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is distributed throughout the palearctic region with records from many European countries....
, 1991, United KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
- Lycaena dispar dispar, the British subspecies of the Large Copper
The Large Copper is a European butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. The British subspecies of this butterfly has been extinct for over 144 years . Most of our knowledge of its life cycle and ecology comes from studies of the similar subspecies found in The Netherlands...
, 1851, United Kingdom
- Maculinea arion eutyphron, the British subspecies of the Large Blue
The Large Blue is a blue butterfly, that is resident in Europe and some parts of Asia. The butterfly became extinct in the United Kingdom in 1979, but has since been reintroduced by conservationists UK BAP Status: Priority Species. Uncommon everywhere in the world...
, 1979, United Kingdom
- Plebejus argus masseyi, a British subspecies of the Silver-studded Blue
The Silver-studded Blue is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae.-Appearance, behavior and distribution:So named due to the silvery blue metallic spots on the underside hind wings. The upperside are a rich, deep iridescent blue in the males with a black border and the characteristic Lycid white...
, United Kingdom
- Maculinea teleius burdigalensis, French subspecies of the Scarce Large Blue
The Scarce Large Blue is a species of butterfly in the Lycaenidae family. It is found in Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Poland, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Spain, Switzerland, and Ukraine.The larva of this...
, France
Molluscs
- Belgandiella intermedia (Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west...
)
- Bythinella intermedia
Bythinella intermedia is a recently extinct species of very small freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Amnicolidae.This species used to be endemic to Austria....
(AustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west...
)
- Graecoanatolica macedonica
†Graecoanatolica macedonica is an extinct species of small freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Hybrobiidae.-Distribution:...
(Lake Dorjan, MacedoniaMacedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country in the central Balkan peninsula in southeastern Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
, GreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula....
)
- Ohridohauffenia drimica
Ohridohauffenia drimica was a species of very small freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Hydrobiidae, the river snails. This species is now extinct.-Distribution:...
(MacedoniaMacedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country in the central Balkan peninsula in southeastern Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
)
Local European extinctions
The following animals became
locally extinctLocal extinction is where a species ceases to exist in the chosen area of study, but still exists elsewhere. This phenomenon is also known as extirpation...
in Europe, but survive on other continents.
- Anatolian Leopard
The Anatolian leopard was once described as a distinct subspecies of leopard native to Anatolia , Turkey...
, Panthera pardus tulliana (Island of SamosSamos is a Greek island in the North Aegean sea, south of Chios, north of Patmos and the Dodecanese, and off the coast of Asia Minor.-Geography:...
, GreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula....
, 19th century)
- Asiatic Lion
The Asiatic Lion or Persian lion or the Indian Lion is a subspecies of the lion which survives today only in the Gir Forest of Gujarat, India...
, Panthera leo persica (10th century, Caucasus mountainsThe Caucasus Mountains is a mountain system in Eurasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region.The Caucasus Mountains are made up of two separate mountain systems:* the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range and...
)
- Cheetah
The cheetah is an atypical member of the cat family that is unique in its speed, while lacking climbing abilities. The species is the only living member of the genus Acinonyx...
, Acinonyx jubatus (15th century, ArmeniaArmenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia...
)
- Northern Bald Ibis
The Northern Bald Ibis, Hermit Ibis, or Waldrapp is a bird found in barren, semi-desert or rocky habitats, often close to running water, although unlike other ibises it does not wade. This 70–80 cm glossy black ibis has an unfeathered red face and head, and a long, curved red bill...
, Geronticus eremita (16th century) - Reintroduced in Southern Spain (2004) and AustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west...
(2005)
- Gray whale
The Gray Whale is a baleen whale that travels between feeding and breeding grounds yearly. It reaches a length of about 16 meters , a weight of 36 tons and an age of 50–60 years. Gray Whales were once called Devil Fish because of their fighting behavior when hunted...
, Eschrichtius robustus (c. 1700, whole EuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus Mountains , and the Black Sea to the southeast...
, North SeaThe North Sea is a marginal, epeiric sea on the European continental shelf. The Dover Strait and the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north connect it to the Atlantic Ocean. It is more than long and wide, with an area of around...
, IcelandThe Republic of Iceland is a European island country located in the North Atlantic Ocean. It has a population of about 320,000 and a total area of 103,000 km². Its capital and largest city is Reykjavík, whose surrounding area is home to approximately two thirds of the national population...
, Irish seaThe Irish Sea also known as the Mann Sea or Manx Sea, separates the islands of Ireland and Britain. It is connected to the Atlantic Ocean in the south by St George's Channel, and in the north by the North Channel...
, The ChannelThe channel may refer to:*the means of distribution of components involved in producing consumer electronics.*the English Channel...
, Bay of BiscayThe Bay of Biscay or the Cantabrian Sea is a gulf of the northeast Atlantic Ocean located south of the Celtic Sea...
, the Mediterranean)
Rediscovered
- Bavarian pine vole
The Bavarian pine vole is a vole from the Austrian, Italian, and Bavarian Alps of Europe. It lived in moist meadows at elevations of 600-1,000 metres...
, Microtus bavaricus (2000, AustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west...
)
- Telestes turskyi (a cyprinid
The family Cyprinidae, from the Ancient Greek kyprînos , consists of the carps, the true minnows, and their relatives . Commonly called the carp family or the minnow family, its members are also known as cyprinids...
fish) (2002, CroatiaCroatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a country in southeast Europe, at the crossroads of the Pannonian Plain, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean Sea. Its capital is Zagreb...
)
- La Palma Giant Lizard
The La Palma Giant Lizard is a giant lacertid that, as its name indicates, lives in the littoral zone of La Palma in the Canary Islands; its habitat ranged from sea level up to altitudes of 800 m. It probably lives in xerophytic vegetation and is presumably an egg-laying species...
, Gallotia auaritae (2007, La PalmaLa Palma is an imaginary volcanic ocean island, one of the seven imaginary islands Canary Islands, a Spanish territory located off of the north west coast of Africa in the Atlantic Ocean...
in the Canary IslandsThe Canary Islands are a Spanish archipelago which, in turn, forms one of the Spanish Autonomous Communities and an Outermost Region of the European Union. The archipelago is located just off the northwest coast of mainland Africa, 100 km west of the disputed border between Morocco and the...
)
See also
- List of extinct animals of the British Isles
- List of extinct and endangered animals of Lithuania
- List of extinct animals of the Netherlands
- List of extinct animals of Catalonia
- List of extinct animals of Caucasus
- List of extinct animals
- List of extinct animals of Asia
- List of extinct animals of Africa
- List of extinct animals of South America
- Extinct birds
Since 1500, over 190 species of birds have become extinct, and this rate of extinction seems to be increasing. The situation is exemplified by Hawaii, where 30% of all known recently extinct bird taxa originally lived...
- Dwarf elephant
Fossil remains of dwarf elephants have been found on the Mediterranean islands of Cyprus, Malta , Crete, Sicily, Sardinia, the Cyclades Islands and the Dodecanese Islands. Other islands where dwarf elephants have been found are Sulawesi, Flores, Timor and other islands of the Lesser Sundas...
- List of extinct and endangered species of Italy
External links