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Filoviridae

 
Filoviridae

 
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Filoviridae
 
 
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Filoviridae is the family of virus
Virus

A virus is a Optical microscope#Limitations of light microscopes infectious agent that is unable to grow or reproduce outside a host cell . Viruses infect all cellular life....
es that belong to the order Mononegavirales
Mononegavirales

The Mononegavirales are an order of viruses comprising species that have a non-segmented, Sense RNA genome. The order includes four families:...
. Filoviruses are single stranded negative sense
Sense (molecular biology)

Sense, when applied in a molecular biology context, is a general concept used to compare the polarity of nucleic acid molecules, such as DNA or RNA, to other nucleic acid molecules....
 RNA virus
RNA virus

An RNA virus is a virus that has RNA as its genetic material. This nucleic acid is usually single-stranded RNA but may be double-stranded RNA ....
es that target primate
Primate

A primate is a member of the biological order Primates , the group that contains lemurs, the Aye-aye, Lorisidaes, galagos, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes, with the last category including humans....
s. There are two genera: the Ebola virus (Ebolavirus, with five subtypes) and Marburg virus
Marburg virus

Marburg virus or simply Marburg is the common name for the the genus of viruses Marburgvirus, which contains one species Lake Victoria marburgvirus....
 (Marburgvirus). These viruses cause viral hemorrhagic fever
Viral hemorrhagic fever

The Virus Hemorrhage fevers are a diverse group of animal and human illnesses that are caused by five distinct families of RNA viruses: the Arenaviridae, Filoviridae, Bunyaviridae, Togaviridae, and Flaviviridae....
s, characterized by bleeding and coagulation abnormalities, often leading to death. The name is derived from the Latin word filum, alluding to the thread-like appearance of virus particles in electron microscope images.

History
The filoviridae family was discovered in 1967 when 31 people were infected with the Marburg virus
Marburg virus

Marburg virus or simply Marburg is the common name for the the genus of viruses Marburgvirus, which contains one species Lake Victoria marburgvirus....
 in Marburg, Germany after working with tissue from monkeys imported from Uganda .






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Encyclopedia


Filoviridae is the family of virus
Virus

A virus is a Optical microscope#Limitations of light microscopes infectious agent that is unable to grow or reproduce outside a host cell . Viruses infect all cellular life....
es that belong to the order Mononegavirales
Mononegavirales

The Mononegavirales are an order of viruses comprising species that have a non-segmented, Sense RNA genome. The order includes four families:...
. Filoviruses are single stranded negative sense
Sense (molecular biology)

Sense, when applied in a molecular biology context, is a general concept used to compare the polarity of nucleic acid molecules, such as DNA or RNA, to other nucleic acid molecules....
 RNA virus
RNA virus

An RNA virus is a virus that has RNA as its genetic material. This nucleic acid is usually single-stranded RNA but may be double-stranded RNA ....
es that target primate
Primate

A primate is a member of the biological order Primates , the group that contains lemurs, the Aye-aye, Lorisidaes, galagos, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes, with the last category including humans....
s. There are two genera: the Ebola virus (Ebolavirus, with five subtypes) and Marburg virus
Marburg virus

Marburg virus or simply Marburg is the common name for the the genus of viruses Marburgvirus, which contains one species Lake Victoria marburgvirus....
 (Marburgvirus). These viruses cause viral hemorrhagic fever
Viral hemorrhagic fever

The Virus Hemorrhage fevers are a diverse group of animal and human illnesses that are caused by five distinct families of RNA viruses: the Arenaviridae, Filoviridae, Bunyaviridae, Togaviridae, and Flaviviridae....
s, characterized by bleeding and coagulation abnormalities, often leading to death. The name is derived from the Latin word filum, alluding to the thread-like appearance of virus particles in electron microscope images.

History


The filoviridae family was discovered in 1967 when 31 people were infected with the Marburg virus
Marburg virus

Marburg virus or simply Marburg is the common name for the the genus of viruses Marburgvirus, which contains one species Lake Victoria marburgvirus....
 in Marburg, Germany after working with tissue from monkeys imported from Uganda . Seven people who caught the disease died. All subsequent outbreaks have occurred in sub-Saharan Africa. The second genus of the filoviridae family, Ebola virus, was discovered in 1976 when outbreaks occurred in northern Zaire and southern Sudan. Years later, there was one outbreak near Washington, D.C. in 1989. The virus was Ebola Reston, and it was eventually discovered that Reston has no affect on humans.The Ebola virus is a very potent virus, having a mortality rate of 20% to 90% reported in some of the Zaire Ebola outbreaks.

The natural reservoir of both the Marburg virus and the Ebola virus appears to be zoonotic, which means that the virus is transmitted to humans from other animals. Despite numerous attempts to find the source of both the Marburg and Ebola viruses, neither has been found. Bats, though, have been suspected because they can replicate filoviridae-like viruses .

The mechanisms through which filoviruses spread are not fully understood. The route of transmission from animals to humans is unknown. Person-to-person transmission occurs primarily through physical contact with infected bodily fluids, such as infected blood or vomit.

External links

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