Cuevavirus
Encyclopedia
The genus "Cuevavirus" was recently suggested to be included in the family Filoviridae
. It is suggested to include only one species, "Lloviu cuevavirus
", as a taxonomic home for the recently discovered agent Lloviu virus (LLOV)
. LLOV is a distant relative of the commonly known Ebola virus
and Marburg virus
.
"Cuevavirus" is a virological taxon
(i.e. a man-made concept
) that was suggested in 2010 to be included in the family Filoviridae
, order Mononegavirales
. The genus was suggested to include a single virus
species
, "Lloviu cuevavirus
". The members of the genus (i.e. the actual physical entities) are called "cuevaviruses". The name "Cuevavirus" is derived from the Spanish
noun
cueva (alluding to the first identification of a cuevavirus in a Spanish cave
) and the taxonomic
suffix
-virus (which denotes a virus genus).
(ICTV), the name "Cuevavirus" is always to be capitalized
, not italicized
but instead placed in quotation marks because of its unaccepted status, never abbreviated, and to be preceded by the word "genus". The names of its members ("cuevaviruses") are to be written in lower case, are not italicized, and used without articles
. A formal proposal to accept this genus into virus taxonomy has not yet been submitted.
is a member of the genus "Cuevavirus" if
Filoviridae
The family Filoviridae is the taxonomic home of several related viruses that form filamentous virions. Two members of the family that are commonly known are Ebola virus and Marburg virus. Both viruses, and some of their lesser known relatives, cause severe disease in humans and nonhuman primates in...
. It is suggested to include only one species, "Lloviu cuevavirus
Lloviu cuevavirus
The species "Lloviu cuevavirus" was recently suggested to be included in the genus . It is suggested to be the taxonomic home for the recently disovered agent Lloviu virus . LLOV is a distant relative of the commonly known Ebola virus and Marburg virus.-Use of term:The species "Lloviu cuevavirus"...
", as a taxonomic home for the recently discovered agent Lloviu virus (LLOV)
Lloviu virus
Lloviu virus is a newly discovered, uncultured virus distantly related to the well-known pathogens Ebola virus and Marburg virus.-Use of term:...
. LLOV is a distant relative of the commonly known Ebola virus
Ebola virus
Ebola virus causes severe disease in humans and in nonhuman primates in the form of viral hemorrhagic fever. EBOV is a Select Agent, World Health Organization Risk Group 4 Pathogen , National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Category A Priority Pathogen,...
and Marburg virus
Marburg virus
Marburg virus disease is the name for the human disease caused by any of the two marburgviruses Marburg virus and Ravn virus...
.
Use of term
The genusInternational Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses is a committee which authorizes and organizes the taxonomic classification of viruses. They have developed a universal taxonomic scheme for viruses and aim to describe all the viruses of living organisms. Members of the committee are considered to...
"Cuevavirus" is a virological taxon
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses is a committee which authorizes and organizes the taxonomic classification of viruses. They have developed a universal taxonomic scheme for viruses and aim to describe all the viruses of living organisms. Members of the committee are considered to...
(i.e. a man-made concept
Concept
The word concept is used in ordinary language as well as in almost all academic disciplines. Particularly in philosophy, psychology and cognitive sciences the term is much used and much discussed. WordNet defines concept: "conception, construct ". However, the meaning of the term concept is much...
) that was suggested in 2010 to be included in the family Filoviridae
Filoviridae
The family Filoviridae is the taxonomic home of several related viruses that form filamentous virions. Two members of the family that are commonly known are Ebola virus and Marburg virus. Both viruses, and some of their lesser known relatives, cause severe disease in humans and nonhuman primates in...
, order Mononegavirales
Mononegavirales
The order Mononegavirales is the taxonomic home of numerous related viruses. Members of the order that are commonly known are, for instance, Ebola virus, human respiratory syncytial virus, measles virus, mumps virus, Nipah virus, and rabies virus. All of these viruses cause significant disease in...
. The genus was suggested to include a single virus
Virus
A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms. Viruses infect all types of organisms, from animals and plants to bacteria and archaea...
species
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses is a committee which authorizes and organizes the taxonomic classification of viruses. They have developed a universal taxonomic scheme for viruses and aim to describe all the viruses of living organisms. Members of the committee are considered to...
, "Lloviu cuevavirus
Lloviu cuevavirus
The species "Lloviu cuevavirus" was recently suggested to be included in the genus . It is suggested to be the taxonomic home for the recently disovered agent Lloviu virus . LLOV is a distant relative of the commonly known Ebola virus and Marburg virus.-Use of term:The species "Lloviu cuevavirus"...
". The members of the genus (i.e. the actual physical entities) are called "cuevaviruses". The name "Cuevavirus" is derived from the Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
noun
Noun
In linguistics, a noun is a member of a large, open lexical category whose members can occur as the main word in the subject of a clause, the object of a verb, or the object of a preposition .Lexical categories are defined in terms of how their members combine with other kinds of...
cueva (alluding to the first identification of a cuevavirus in a Spanish cave
Cave
A cave or cavern is a natural underground space large enough for a human to enter. The term applies to natural cavities some part of which is in total darkness. The word cave also includes smaller spaces like rock shelters, sea caves, and grottos.Speleology is the science of exploration and study...
) and the taxonomic
Taxonomy
Taxonomy is the science of identifying and naming species, and arranging them into a classification. The field of taxonomy, sometimes referred to as "biological taxonomy", revolves around the description and use of taxonomic units, known as taxa...
suffix
Suffix
In linguistics, a suffix is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate the grammatical case of nouns or adjectives, and verb endings, which form the conjugation of verbs...
-virus (which denotes a virus genus).
Note
"Cuevavirus" is pronounced ˌˌkwɛvə’vaɪrəs (IPA) or kwe-vuh-vahy-ruhs in English phonetic notation. According to the rules for taxon naming established by the International Committee on Taxonomy of VirusesInternational Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses is a committee which authorizes and organizes the taxonomic classification of viruses. They have developed a universal taxonomic scheme for viruses and aim to describe all the viruses of living organisms. Members of the committee are considered to...
(ICTV), the name "Cuevavirus" is always to be capitalized
Capitalization
Capitalization is writing a word with its first letter as a majuscule and the remaining letters in minuscules . This of course only applies to those writing systems which have a case distinction...
, not italicized
Italic type
In typography, italic type is a cursive typeface based on a stylized form of calligraphic handwriting. Owing to the influence from calligraphy, such typefaces often slant slightly to the right. Different glyph shapes from roman type are also usually used—another influence from calligraphy...
but instead placed in quotation marks because of its unaccepted status, never abbreviated, and to be preceded by the word "genus". The names of its members ("cuevaviruses") are to be written in lower case, are not italicized, and used without articles
Article (grammar)
An article is a word that combines with a noun to indicate the type of reference being made by the noun. Articles specify the grammatical definiteness of the noun, in some languages extending to volume or numerical scope. The articles in the English language are the and a/an, and some...
. A formal proposal to accept this genus into virus taxonomy has not yet been submitted.
Genus inclusion criteria
A virus that fulfills the criteria for being a member of the family FiloviridaeFiloviridae
The family Filoviridae is the taxonomic home of several related viruses that form filamentous virions. Two members of the family that are commonly known are Ebola virus and Marburg virus. Both viruses, and some of their lesser known relatives, cause severe disease in humans and nonhuman primates in...
is a member of the genus "Cuevavirus" if
- it is endemic in France, Portugal, or Spain
- its fourth gene (GP) encodes four proteins (sGP, ssGP, Δ-peptide, and GP1,2) using cotranscriptional editing to express ssGP and GP1,2 and proteloytic cleavage to express sGP and Δ-peptide
- its genome differs from that of Marburg virusMarburg virusMarburg virus disease is the name for the human disease caused by any of the two marburgviruses Marburg virus and Ravn virus...
(variant Musoke) by ≥50% and from that of Lloviu virusLloviu virusLloviu virus is a newly discovered, uncultured virus distantly related to the well-known pathogens Ebola virus and Marburg virus.-Use of term:...
(variant Bat86) by <50% at the nucleotide level