The Andalusians are the people of the southern region in Spain

Spain

Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

 approximated by what is now called Andalusia

Andalusia

Andalusia is the most populous and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities of Spain. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as a nationality of Spain. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Huelva, Seville, Cádiz, Córdoba, Málaga, Jaén, Granada and...

. They are generally not considered an ethnically

Ethnic group

An ethnic group is a group of people whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage, often consisting of a common language, a common culture and/or an ideology that stresses common ancestry or endogamy...

 distinct people because they lack two of the most important markers of distinctiveness: their own language and an awareness of a presumed common origin. Andalusian Spanish

Andalusian Spanish

The Andalusian varieties of Spanish are spoken in Andalusia, Ceuta, Melilla and Gibraltar. They include perhaps the most distinct of the southern variants of peninsular Spanish, differing in many respects from northern varieties, and also from Standard Spanish...

 is said to be a distinct dialect

Dialect

The term dialect is used in two distinct ways, even by linguists. One usage refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors,...

, although it is debatable. The Andalusians have a rich culture which includes the Semana Santa

Holy Week

Holy Week in Christianity is the last week of Lent and the week before Easter...

 (see Holy Week in Spain

Holy Week in Spain

Spain is especially renowned for its Holy Week traditions or Semana Santa. Holy Week, the last week of Lent, which is the week immediately before Easter, sees its most glamorous celebrations in the region of Andalusia, particularly in Seville, while those of Castile see the more sombre and solemn...

), the Carnival of Cadiz and the famous flamenco

Flamenco

Flamenco is a genre of music and dance which has its foundation in Andalusian music and dance and in whose evolution Andalusian Gypsies played an important part....

 style of music and dance. Andalusia's

Andalusia

Andalusia is the most populous and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities of Spain. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as a nationality of Spain. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Huelva, Seville, Cádiz, Córdoba, Málaga, Jaén, Granada and...

 own statute of autonomy identifies the region as an "historic nationality" and grants it a high level of devolved political power

Autonomous communities of Spain

An autonomous community In other languages of Spain:*Catalan/Valencian .*Galician .*Basque . The second article of the constitution recognizes the rights of "nationalities and regions" to self-government and declares the "indissoluble unity of the Spanish nation".Political power in Spain is...

.

Geographical location and population

Andalusian people live mainly in Spain's eight southernmost provinces: Almería

Almería

Almería is a city in Andalusia, Spain, on the Mediterranean Sea. It is the capital of the province of the same name.-Toponym:Tradition says that the name Almería stems from the Arabic المرية Al-Mariyya: "The Mirror", comparing it to "The Mirror of the Sea"...

, Cádiz

Cádiz

Cadiz is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the homonymous province, one of eight which make up the autonomous community of Andalusia....

, Cordoba, Granada

Granada

Granada is a city and the capital of the province of Granada, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Granada is located at the foot of the Sierra Nevada mountains, at the confluence of three rivers, the Beiro, the Darro and the Genil. It sits at an elevation of 738 metres above sea...

, Huelva

Huelva

Huelva is a city in southwestern Spain, the capital of the province of Huelva in the autonomous region of Andalusia. It is located along the Gulf of Cadiz coast, at the confluence of the Odiel and Tinto rivers. According to the 2010 census, the city has a population of 149,410 inhabitants. The...

, Jaén

Jaén, Spain

Jaén is a city in south-central Spain, the name is derived from the Arabic word Jayyan, . It is the capital of the province of Jaén. It is located in the autonomous community of Andalusia....

, Málaga

Málaga

Málaga is a city and a municipality in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, Spain. With a population of 568,507 in 2010, it is the second most populous city of Andalusia and the sixth largest in Spain. This is the southernmost large city in Europe...

, and Seville

Seville

Seville is the artistic, historic, cultural, and financial capital of southern Spain. It is the capital of the autonomous community of Andalusia and of the province of Seville. It is situated on the plain of the River Guadalquivir, with an average elevation of above sea level...

, which all are part of the region and modern Autonomous Community of Andalusia

Andalusia

Andalusia is the most populous and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities of Spain. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as a nationality of Spain. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Huelva, Seville, Cádiz, Córdoba, Málaga, Jaén, Granada and...

. In January 2006 the total population of this region stood at 7,849,799, Andalucía is the most populous region of Spain. In comparison with the rest of Spain, Andalusia

Andalusia

Andalusia is the most populous and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities of Spain. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as a nationality of Spain. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Huelva, Seville, Cádiz, Córdoba, Málaga, Jaén, Granada and...

 population growth has been slower and it continues to be sparsely populated in some rural areas (averaging just 84 inh. per km²). Since 1960, the region's share of total population has declined, despite birth rates being about 40 percent higher than the Spanish average during past decades (currently it is only a 13% higher).

Between 1951 to 1975, over 1.7 million Andalusian people emigrated out of Andalusia

Andalusia

Andalusia is the most populous and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities of Spain. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as a nationality of Spain. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Huelva, Seville, Cádiz, Córdoba, Málaga, Jaén, Granada and...

 to other areas of Spain. This figure was approximately a 24% of the population of Andalusia as a whole, mostly hitting the countryside areas. The main recipients of this migration were Catalonia

Catalonia

Catalonia is an autonomous community in northeastern Spain, with the official status of a "nationality" of Spain. Catalonia comprises four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. Its capital and largest city is Barcelona. Catalonia covers an area of 32,114 km² and has an...

 (989,256 people of Andalusian origin in 1975), Madrid

Madrid (autonomous community)

The Community of Madrid is one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain. It is located at the center of the country, the Iberian Peninsula, and the Castilian Central Plateau . The community is also conterminous with the province of Madrid and contains the capital of Spain, which is also...

 (330,479) and Valencia (217,636), and to a lesser level, the Basque Country

Basque Country (autonomous community)

The Basque Country is an autonomous community of northern Spain. It includes the Basque provinces of Álava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa, also called Historical Territories....

 and Balearics.

During 1962 to 1974, around 700,000 Andalusians —almost all of them male, aged 15 to 44— moved abroad for economic reasons, mainly originating from the provinces of Granada, Jaén and Córdoba. Their preferred destination were France

France

The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

, West Germany

West Germany

West Germany is the common English, but not official, name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990....

 and Switzerland

Switzerland

Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....

, followed by the United Kingdom

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

, Netherlands

Netherlands

The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...

 and Belgium

Belgium

Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...

. There are no official recorded figures for previous decades.

In South America in the last twenty years of 19th century, over 150,000 Andalusians emigrated to the Americas as a result of crop failures caused by the Phylloxera

Phylloxera

Grape phylloxera ; originally described in France as Phylloxera vastatrix; equated to the previously described Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, Phylloxera vitifoliae; commonly just called phylloxera is a pest of commercial grapevines worldwide, originally native to eastern North America...

 plague. Many Andalusian peasants moved to Brazil

Spanish immigration to Brazil

Spanish emigration peaked in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and it was concentrated to Argentina and Cuba. Between 1882 and 1930, 3,297,312 Spaniards emigrated, of whom 1,594,622 went to Argentina and 1,118,960 went to Cuba...

 to work in the coffee plantations, mainly in rural areas of São Paulo State.

Additionally, Andalusians formed the major component of Spanish colonial immigration to certain parts of Spain's American and Asian empire and the largest group to participate in the conquest of the Canary Islands

Canary Islands

The Canary Islands , also known as the Canaries , is a Spanish archipelago located just off the northwest coast of mainland Africa, 100 km west of the border between Morocco and the Western Sahara. The Canaries are a Spanish autonomous community and an outermost region of the European Union...

. Principally, Andalusians and their descendants predominate in the Canary Islands, the Caribbean islands (Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...

, Dominican Republic

Dominican Republic

The Dominican Republic is a nation on the island of La Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are shared by two countries...

, and Cuba

Cuba

The Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...

), and the circum-Caribbean area (Costa Rica

Costa Rica

Costa Rica , officially the Republic of Costa Rica is a multilingual, multiethnic and multicultural country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Caribbean Sea to the east....

, Panama

Panama

Panama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The...

, the Caribbean coast of Colombia

Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...

, and in Venezuela

Venezuela

Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...

). They were also predominant in the Rio de la Plata

Río de la Plata

The Río de la Plata —sometimes rendered River Plate in British English and the Commonwealth, and occasionally rendered [La] Plata River in other English-speaking countries—is the river and estuary formed by the confluence of the Uruguay River and the Paraná River on the border between Argentina and...

 region of Argentina

Argentina

Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...

 and Uruguay

Uruguay

Uruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...

 and the coastal areas of Chile

Chile

Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...

, Peru

Peru

Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....

, and Ecuador

Ecuador

Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...

. In Asia, Andalusians predominated in the Spanish population of the Philippines

Philippines

The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...

 as evidenced by the strong Andalusian character of Spanish in the Philippines

Spanish in the Philippines

Spanish was imposed as an official language of the Philippines from the beginning of Spanish rule since the times of Miguel López de Legazpi in the late 16th century, through American rule and independence, until the change of Constitution in 1973...

 and Spanish-based creoles, despite the fact that the Philippines were under the colonial supervision of the Vice-royalty of New Spain

New Spain

New Spain, formally called the Viceroyalty of New Spain , was a viceroyalty of the Spanish colonial empire, comprising primarily territories in what was known then as 'América Septentrional' or North America. Its capital was Mexico City, formerly Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Empire...

 (Mexico

Mexico

The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

).

Rationale

Most descriptions of Andalusia

Andalusia

Andalusia is the most populous and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities of Spain. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as a nationality of Spain. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Huelva, Seville, Cádiz, Córdoba, Málaga, Jaén, Granada and...

 begin with the landownership system, as the most powerful forces in the region have for centuries been the owners of the large estates, called latifundios. These wide expanses of land have their origins in landowning patterns that stretch back to Roman

Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....

 times; in grants of land made to the nobility

Nobility

Nobility is a social class which possesses more acknowledged privileges or eminence than members of most other classes in a society, membership therein typically being hereditary. The privileges associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles, or may be...

, to the military orders, and to the church during the Reconquest (Reconquista

Reconquista

The Reconquista was a period of almost 800 years in the Middle Ages during which several Christian kingdoms succeeded in retaking the Muslim-controlled areas of the Iberian Peninsula broadly known as Al-Andalus...

); and in laws of the nineteenth century by which church and common lands were sold in large tracts

Lot (real estate)

In real estate, a lot or plot is a tract or parcel of land owned or meant to be owned by some owner. A lot is essentially considered a parcel of real property in some countries or immovable property in other countries...

 to the urban middle class

Middle class

The middle class is any class of people in the middle of a societal hierarchy. In Weberian socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class....

. The workers of this land, called jornaleros (peasants without land) , were themselves landless.

This economic and cultural system produced a distinctive perspective, involving class consciousness

Class consciousness

Class consciousness is consciousness of one's social class or economic rank in society. From the perspective of Marxist theory, it refers to the self-awareness, or lack thereof, of a particular class; its capacity to act in its own rational interests; or its awareness of the historical tasks...

 and class conflict

Class conflict

Class conflict is the tension or antagonism which exists in society due to competing socioeconomic interests between people of different classes....

s as well as significant emigration

Emigration

Emigration is the act of leaving one's country or region to settle in another. It is the same as immigration but from the perspective of the country of origin. Human movement before the establishment of political boundaries or within one state is termed migration. There are many reasons why people...

. In contrast to the much smaller farm towns and villages of northern Spain, where the land was worked by its owners, class distinctions in the agro-towns of Andalusia stood out. The families of the landless farmers lived at, or near, the poverty

Poverty

Poverty is the lack of a certain amount of material possessions or money. Absolute poverty or destitution is inability to afford basic human needs, which commonly includes clean and fresh water, nutrition, health care, education, clothing and shelter. About 1.7 billion people are estimated to live...

 level, and their relations with the landed gentry

Landed gentry

Landed gentry is a traditional British social class, consisting of land owners who could live entirely off rental income. Often they worked only in an administrative capacity looking after the management of their own lands....

 were marked by conflict, aggression, and hostility

Hostility

Hostility is a form of angry internal rejection or denial in psychology. It is a part of personal construct psychology, developed by George Kelly...

. The two main forces that kept Andalusia's rural society from flying apart were external. The first was the coercive power of the state

Sovereign state

A sovereign state, or simply, state, is a state with a defined territory on which it exercises internal and external sovereignty, a permanent population, a government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states. It is also normally understood to be a state which is neither...

, as exemplified by Spain's rural constabulary

Constabulary

Constabulary may have several definitions.*A civil, non-paramilitary force consisting of police officers called constables. This is the usual definition in Britain, in which all county police forces once bore the title...

, the Civil Guard (Guardia Civil). The second was the opportunities to migrate to other parts of Spain, or to other countries in Western Europe

Western Europe

Western Europe is a loose term for the collection of countries in the western most region of the European continents, though this definition is context-dependent and carries cultural and political connotations. One definition describes Western Europe as a geographic entity—the region lying in the...

. Some of this migration was seasonal; in 1972, for example, 80,000 farmers, mostly Andalusians, migrated to France

France

The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 for the wine

Wine

Wine is an alcoholic beverage, made of fermented fruit juice, usually from grapes. The natural chemical balance of grapes lets them ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, or other nutrients. Grape wine is produced by fermenting crushed grapes using various types of yeast. Yeast...

 harvest

Harvest

Harvest is the process of gathering mature crops from the fields. Reaping is the cutting of grain or pulse for harvest, typically using a scythe, sickle, or reaper...

. Part of the migration consisted of entire families who intended to remain in their new home for longer periods, once the head of the family group had settled down.

Economic growth and social mobility, although dispersed and not homogeneous in the region, fundamentally start in the nineteen seventies, coincides with the arrival of the democracy, and are intensified by the development of agroindustrial, tourism, and services sectors. In 1981 the Statute of Autonomy is approved after the Andalusian movement of autonomy. Since 1990 Andalusia follows a dynamic convergence process and is moving closer in development to the most advanced regions in Europe; more and more it comes closer to overcome the average of European living standards.

Leaders & Politicians

• Arganthonios
  Arganthonios
  Arganthonios was a king of ancient Tartessos .This name, or title, appears to be based on the Indo-European word for silver and money *arģ-, found in Celtiberian arkanta, Old Irish airget, Latin argentum, Sanskrit rajatám. Tartessia and all of Iberia was rich in silver. Similar names Arganthonios...
  
   (630 b.C.-550 b.C.), king of Tartessos.
• Trajan
  Trajan
  Trajan , was Roman Emperor from 98 to 117 AD. Born into a non-patrician family in the province of Hispania Baetica, in Spain Trajan rose to prominence during the reign of emperor Domitian. Serving as a legatus legionis in Hispania Tarraconensis, in Spain, in 89 Trajan supported the emperor against...
  
   (53-117), emperor of Rome.
• Hadrian
  Hadrian
  Hadrian , was Roman Emperor from 117 to 138. He is best known for building Hadrian's Wall, which marked the northern limit of Roman Britain. In Rome, he re-built the Pantheon and constructed the Temple of Venus and Roma. In addition to being emperor, Hadrian was a humanist and was philhellene in...
  
   (76-138), emperor of Rome.
• Theodosius I
  Theodosius I
  Theodosius I , also known as Theodosius the Great, was Roman Emperor from 379 to 395. Theodosius was the last emperor to rule over both the eastern and the western halves of the Roman Empire. During his reign, the Goths secured control of Illyricum after the Gothic War, establishing their homeland...
  
   (347-395), emperor of Rome.
• Abd-ar-Rahman III
  Abd-ar-Rahman III
  Abd-ar-Rahman III was the Emir and Caliph of Córdoba of the Ummayad dynasty in al-Andalus. Called al-Nasir li-Din Allah , he ascended the throne in his early 20s, and reigned for half a century as the most powerful prince of Iberia...
  
   (889-961), emir and first caliph of Cordoba.
• Ferdinand IV of Castile
  Ferdinand IV of Castile
  Ferdinand IV, El Emplazado or "the Summoned," was a king of Castile and León and Galicia...
  
   (1285-1312), king of Castilla.
• Henry II of Castile (1334-1379), king of Castilla.
• Beltrán de la Cueva
  Beltrán de la Cueva
  Beltrán de la Cueva y Alfonso de Mercado, 1st Duke of Alburquerque was a Spanish nobleman and presumed lover of Queen Joan of Portugal.-Early life:...
  
   (1443-1492), nobleman, presumed lover of Joan I of Portugal and father of Juana la Beltraneja.
• Boabdil
  Boabdil
  Abu `Abdallah Muhammad XII , known as Boabdil , was the twenty-second and last Nasrid ruler of Granada in Iberia. He was also called el chico, the little, or el zogoybi, the unfortunate...
  
   (1460-1533), emir of Granada.
• Antonio de Mendoza
  Antonio de Mendoza
  Antonio de Mendoza y Pacheco, Marquis of Mondéjar, Count of Tendilla , was the first viceroy of New Spain, serving from April 17, 1535 to November 25, 1550, and the second viceroy of Peru, from September 23, 1551 to July 21, 1552...
  
   (1495-1552), first viceroy of New Spain.
• Pedro Moya de Contreras
  Pedro Moya de Contreras
  Pedro Moya de Contreras , prelate and colonial administrator who held the three highest offices in the Spanish colony of New Spain, namely inquisitor general, Archbishop of Mexico, and Viceroy of Mexico, September 25, 1584 - October 17, 1585...
  
   (1528-1591), viceroy of New Spain.
• Pedro Álvarez de Toledo y Leiva (1585-1654), viceroy of Peru.
• Luisa de Guzmán (1616-1666), Queen of Portugal by marriage.
• Tomás Marín González de Poveda (1650-1703), politician, governor of Chile.
• Pedro Antonio de Cevallos
  Pedro Antonio de Cevallos
  Pedro Antonio de Cevallos Cortés y Calderón, also spelled Ceballos , was a Spanish military, Governor of Buenos Aires between 1757 and 1766, and the first Viceroy of the Río de la Plata in 1776....
  
   (1715-1778), viceroy of Río de la Plata.
• Luis de Unzaga
  Luis de Unzaga
  Luis de Unzaga y Amezaga , also known as Luis Unzaga Y Amezaga, was a Spanish Governor of Louisiana from 1769 to 1777 as well as a captain general of Venezuela and Cuba....
  
   (1721-1790, military commander, first governor of Louisiana.
• Maria Antonietta of Spain
  Maria Antonietta of Spain
  Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain was an Infanta of Spain and the youngest daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese. She was the wife of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia whom she married in 1750...
  
  (1729-1785), Queen of Sardinia by marriage.
• Pedro Jiménez de Góngora
  Pedro Jiménez de Góngora, 1st Duke of Almodovar del Río
  Pedro Francisco Luján y Góngora, 1st Duke of Almodóvar del Río was a Spanish nobleman, ambassador and writer.-Career:Suarez was born to a noble family from Córdoba, Spain, and became the 7th Marqués de Almodóvar del Río. He was made a Grandee of Spain in 1779 and was created 1st Duke on 11 July...
  
  , writer and ambassador to the United Kingdom.*
• Bernardo de Gálvez
  Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid, Count of Gálvez
  Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid, Viscount of Galveston and Count of Gálvez was a Spanish military leader and the general of Spanish forces in New Spain who served as governor of Louisiana and Cuba and as viceroy of New Spain.Gálvez aided the Thirteen Colonies in their quest for independence and led...
  
   (1746-1786), governor of Cuba and Louisiana.
• Francisco Javier Venegas
  Francisco Javier Venegas, marqués de la Reunión y de Nueva España
  Francisco Javier Venegas de Saavedra, marqués de la Reunión y de Nueva España was a Spanish military officer and viceroy of New Spain from September 14, 1810 to March 4, 1813, during the first phase of Mexico's War of Independence.-Army career:He began studies for a literary career, but gave them...
  
   (1760-1838), viceroy of New Spain.
• Javier de Burgos
  Javier de Burgos
  Francisco Javier de Burgos y del Olmo was a Spanish jurist, politician, journalist, and translator.-Early life and career:...
  
   (1778-1849), jurist, translator and senator.
• Antonio Alcalá Galiano (1789-1865), politician and witrer.
• Juan Álvarez Mendizábal
  Juan Álvarez Mendizábal
  Juan Álvarez Mendizábal, born Juan Álvarez Méndez , was a Spanish economist and politician....
  
   (1790-1853), economist and prime minister.
• Ramón María Narváez
  Ramón María Narváez y Campos, 1st Duke of Valencia
  Don Ramón María de Narváez y Campos, 1st Duke of Valencia was a Spanish soldier and statesman.-Biography:...
  
   (1800-1868), military commander and prime minister under Isabel II.
• Antonio María Martínez
  Antonio María Martínez
  Antonio María Martínez was a colonel in the infantry regiment of Zamora and the last governor of Spanish Texas.-History:He was born in Andújar, province of Jaén, Spain. He entered military service on July 7, 1785, and had a distinguished career, winning the Cross of Northern Europe and the Cross...
  
   (?-1823), last governor of Spanish Texas.
• Mariana Pineda (1804-1834), national heroine.
• Marqués de Salamanca (1811-1883), politician, businessman and Finance Minister of Spain.
• Eugénie de Montijo
  Eugénie de Montijo
  Doña María Eugenia Ignacia Augustina de Palafox-Portocarrero de Guzmán y Kirkpatrick, 16th Countess of Teba and 15th Marquise of Ardales; 5 May 1826 – 11 July 1920), known as Eugénie de Montijo , was the last Empress consort of the French from 1853 to 1871 as the wife of Napoleon III, Emperor of...
  
   (1826-1920), Empress consort of the French, married to Napoleon III.
• Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
  Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
  Antonio Cánovas del Castillo was a Spanish politician and historian known principally for his role in supporting the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy to the Spanish throne and for his death at the hands of an anarchist assassin, Michele Angiolillo.-Early career:Born in Málaga as the son of...
  
   (1828-1897), Prime Minister of Spain under queen Isabel II.
• Emilio Castelar y Ripoll
  Emilio Castelar y Ripoll
  Emilio Castelar y Ripoll was a Spanish republican politician, and a president of the First Spanish Republic.Castelar was born in Cádiz. He was an eloquent and literary man...
  
   (1832-1899), politician, president of the First Spanish Republic.
• Nicolás Salmerón y Alonso (1838-1908), president of the First Spanish Republic.
• Princess Marie Isabelle d'Orléans (1848-1919), infant of Spain.
• Elías Ahúja y Andría
  Elías Ahúja y Andría
  Elías Ahúja y Andría was a Spanish philanthropist, politician, businessman and academic. He was born in Cadiz and died in New York City....
  
   (1863-1951), philanthropist.
• Alejandro Lerroux
  Alejandro Lerroux
  Alejandro Lerroux y García was a Spanish politician who was the leader of the Radical Republican Party during the Second Spanish Republic...
  
   (1864-1949), Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic.
• Miguel Primo de Rivera
  Miguel Primo de Rivera
  Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, 2nd Marquis of Estella, 22nd Count of Sobremonte, Knight of Calatrava was a Spanish dictator, aristocrat, and a military official who was appointed Prime Minister by the King and who for seven years was a dictator, ending the turno system of alternating...
  
   (1870-1930), politician, military commander and dictator.
• Niceto Alcalá-Zamora
  Niceto Alcalá-Zamora
  Niceto Alcalá-Zamora y Torres was a Spanish lawyer and politician who served, briefly, as the first premier minister of the Second Spanish Republic, and then — from 1931 to 1936—as its president....
  
   (1877-1949), politician, President of the Second Spanish Republic.
• Diego Martínez Barrio
  Diego Martínez Barrio
  Diego Martínez y Barrio was a Spanish politician during the Second Spanish Republic, Prime Minister of Spain between 9 October 1933 and 26 December 1933 and was briefly appointed again by Manuel Azaña after the resignation of Santiago Casares Quiroga, on July 19, 1936 - three days after the...
  
   (1883-1962), politician, President of the Second Spanish Republic in the exile.
• Blas Infante
  Blas Infante
  Blas Infante Pérez de Vargas . Blas Infante was an andalusist politician, writer, historian and musicologist, known as the "Father" of Andalusian fatherland ....
  
   (1885-1936), politician, "Father" of Andalusian fatherland.
• Anita Delgado
  Anita Delgado
  Anita Delgado Briones was a Spanish flamenco dancer and singer from Andalusia.She was born on February 8, 1890 in Málaga. The family emigrated to Madrid, where her beauty and that of her sister were welcomed...
  
   (1890-1962, flamenco dancer, married to Jagatjit Singh Bahadur of Kapurthala.
• José Brocca
  José Brocca
  José Brocca , 1891–1950, was a pacifist and humanitarian of the Spanish Civil War, who allied himself with the Republicans but sought non-violent ways of resisting fascism....
  
   (1891-1950), pacifist and politician.
• Victoria Kent
  Victoria Kent
  Victoria Kent was a Spanish lawyer and republican politician.Born in Málaga, she was affiliated to the Radical Socialist Republican Party and came to fame in 1930 for defending - at a court martial - Álvaro de Albornoz, who would shortly afterwards go on to become minister of justice and later the...
  
   (1892-1987), politician and lawyer, one of the pioneers of feminism in Spain.
• Julián Herranz Casado
  Julián Herranz Casado
  Julián Herranz Casado is a Spanish Cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as President of the Pontifical Council for the Interpretation of Legislative Texts in the Roman Curia from 1994 to 2007, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 2003.One of only two cardinals—along with Juan Luis...
  
   (*1930), cardenal, ex president of the Pontifical Council for the Interpretation of Legislative Texts.
• José María Álvarez del Manzano
  José María Álvarez del Manzano
  José María Álvarez del Manzano y López del Hierro is a Spanish politician for the People's Party. Although born in Seville he has lived in Madrid since he was 3 years old. He studied at the Colegio Nuestra Señora del Recuerdo. He was the mayor of Madrid from 1991 to 2003...
  
   (*1937), politician, former mayor of Madrid.
• Inocencio Arias
  Inocencio Arias
  Inocencio F. Arias, also known as Chencho , is a multifarious Spanish diplomat, who served as consul general in Los Angeles, California, United States. He retired in 2010.-Career:...
  
   (*1940), diplomat and politician.
• Alfonso Guerra
  Alfonso Guerra
  Alfonso Guerra González is a Spanish politician. A leading member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party , he served as Vice President of the Government of Spain from 1982 to 1991, under the presidency of Felipe González...
  
   (*1940), politician, former Deputy Prime Minister (1982-2006).
• Julio Anguita
  Julio Anguita
  Julio Anguita González is a Spanish communist politician. He was Mayor of Córdoba, Spain from 1979 to 1986 and coordinator of United Left between 1989 and 1999 and General Secretary of the Communist Party of Spain from 1988 to 1998.-Biography:A member of a military family, he broke with familiar...
  
   (*1941), politician, former secretary general of Izquierda Unida and the Communist Party of Spain.
• Felipe González
  Felipe González
  Felipe González Márquez is a Spanish socialist politician. He was the General Secretary of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party from 1974 to 1997. To date, he remains the longest-serving Prime Minister of Spain, after having served four successive mandates from 1982 to 1996.-Early life:Felipe was...
  
   (*1942), ex Prime Minister (1982-1996).
• Manuel Chaves
  Manuel Chaves González
  Manuel Chaves González is a Spanish politician of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party . Since 2009 he has served as the Third Vice President of the Spanish Government and since 2000 as the Chairman of PSOE...
  
   (*1945), Third Deputy Prime Minister (2009-2012) and head of PSOE (since 2000).
• Juan Barranco
  Juan Barranco Gallardo
  Juan Antonio Gallardo Barranco is a Spanish politician in the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party. He was Mayor of Madrid following the 1986 death of Enrique Tierno Galvan, who had been Mayor since 1979.Barranco won the following municipal elections in 1987, but lost the mayoral race in June 1989...
  
   (*1947), mayor of Madrid.
• Celia Villalobos
  Celia Villalobos
  Celia Villalobos Talero is a Spanish politician.She was the mayor of Málaga from 1995 to 2000, when she joined José María Aznar's cabinet as the minister of food and health from 2000 to 2002. Her role at this ministry was controversial mainly due to a speech she gave during the concern over...
  
   (*1949), politician, former Minister of Public Health.
• Cristóbal Montoro
  Cristóbal Montoro Romero
  Cristobal Montoro Romero is a Spanish politician andMember of the European Parliament with the People's Party,part of the European People's Party and sits onthe European Parliament's Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs...
  
   (*1950), former Minister of the Treasury (2000-2004).
• Luisa Fernand Rudi
  Luisa Fernanda Rudi Ubeda
  Luisa Fernanda Rudi Ubeda is a Spanish politician andMember of the European Parliament with the People's Party. She is a member of the Bureau of the European People's Party and sits on...
  
   (*1950), member of European Parliament.
• Magdalena Álvarez
  Magdalena Álvarez
  Magdalena Álvarez Arza Is Spanish Politician, who from 2004 to 2009 served as Minister of Public Works . She was born in San Fernando, in the Province of Cádiz, on 15 February 1952. She is an MP for the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party for Málaga Province...
  
   (*1952), politician, Minister of Public Works (2004-2009).
• José Montilla
  José Montilla
  José Montilla Aguilera was the 128th President of Generalitat de Catalunya. He became the First Secretary of the Socialists' Party of Catalonia on 18 June 2000, and a member of the Federal Executive Committee and the Federal Committee of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party on 23 July 2000...
  
   (*1955), former Minister of Industry.
• Gaspar Zarrías
  Gaspar Zarrias
  Gaspar Zarrías Arevalo is a Spanish lawyer and politician. He is the President's Office Minister for the Parliament of Andalusia and is a member of the Organizing Committee of the Mediterranean Games of Almeria ....
  
   (*1955), politician, Secretary of Territorial Cooperation (2009-2012).
• Baltasar Garzón
  Baltasar Garzón
  Baltasar Garzón Real is a Spanish jurist who served on Spain's central criminal court, the Audiencia Nacional. He was the examining magistrate of the Juzgado Central de Instrucción No...
  
   (*1955), judge.
• Javier Arenas (*1957), politician, deputy Vice-Prime Minister (2004-2008).
• Carmen Calvo
  Carmen Calvo Poyato
  Carmen Calvo Poyato is a politician of the Spanish Socialist Workers Party who served between 2004 and 2007 as Minister of Culture in the government of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero.-Biography:...
  
   (*1957), politician, Minister of Culture (2004-2007).
• Trinidad Jiménez
  Trinidad Jiménez
  Trinidad Jiménez García-Herrera is a Spanish Socialist Workers' Party politician and is currently Spain's Foreign Affairs Minister....
  
   (*1962), politician, Minister of Public Health (2009-2012).
• Aguas Santas Ocaña Navarro
  Aguas Santas Ocaña Navarro
  Aguas Santas Ocaña Navarro was the first lady of Honduras. Aguas Santas, her double given name, means "holy waters" in Spanish.-Marriage and first lady:...
  
   (*1963), former First Lady of Honduras (2002-2006).
• Bibiana Aído
  Bibiana Aído
  Bibiana Aído Almagro is a Spanish politician who served as Minister for Equality. She became minister for this new department on April 14, 2008, at the beginning of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero's second term as Prime Minister of Spain....
  
   (*1977), politician, Minister for Equality in charge (2008-2012).

Philosophers & Theologians

• Moderatus of Gades
  Moderatus of Gades
  Moderatus of Gades was a Greek philosopher of the Neopythagorean school, who lived in the 1st century AD,...
  
   (1st century b.C.), philosopher.
• Seneca the Elder
  Seneca the Elder
  Lucius or Marcus Annaeus Seneca, known as Seneca the Elder and Seneca the Rhetorician , was a Roman rhetorician and writer, born of a wealthy equestrian family of Cordoba, Hispania...
  
   (54 b.C.-39), rhetorician and writer.
• Seneca the Younger
  Seneca the Younger
  Lucius Annaeus Seneca was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist, and in one work humorist, of the Silver Age of Latin literature. He was tutor and later advisor to emperor Nero...
  
   (4 b.C.-65), philosopher.
• Hosius of Corduba (257-359), theologian.
• Saint Isidore of Seville
  Isidore of Seville
  Saint Isidore of Seville served as Archbishop of Seville for more than three decades and is considered, as the historian Montalembert put it in an oft-quoted phrase, "le dernier savant du monde ancien"...
  
   (560-636), scholar and historian.
• Ibn Hazm
  Ibn Hazm
  Abū Muḥammad ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad ibn Saʿīd ibn Ḥazm ) was an Andalusian philosopher, litterateur, psychologist, historian, jurist and theologian born in Córdoba, present-day Spain...
  
   (994-1064), philosopher, theologian, jurist and historian.
• Ibn al-Arif
  Ibn al-Arif
  Ibn al-Arif or Abul Abbas Ahmad Ibn Mohammed Ibn Musa Ibn Ata Allah al-Mariyyi al-Sanhaji, also known as Al-Urruf was a famous Sufi. His father came from Tangier and his family belonged to the Berber tribe of the Sanhaja...
  
   (1088-1141), Sufi theologian and philosopher.
• Ibn Tufail
  Ibn Tufail
  Ibn Tufail was an Andalusian Muslim polymath: an Arabic writer, novelist, Islamic philosopher, Islamic theologian, physician, vizier,...
  
   (1105-1185), writer, philosopher, theologian and physician.
• Averroes
  Averroes
  ' , better known just as Ibn Rushd , and in European literature as Averroes , was a Muslim polymath; a master of Aristotelian philosophy, Islamic philosophy, Islamic theology, Maliki law and jurisprudence, logic, psychology, politics, Arabic music theory, and the sciences of medicine, astronomy,...
  
   (1126-1198), philosopher, theologian, jurist and scientist.
• Maimonides
  Maimonides
  Moses ben-Maimon, called Maimonides and also known as Mūsā ibn Maymūn in Arabic, or Rambam , was a preeminent medieval Jewish philosopher and one of the greatest Torah scholars and physicians of the Middle Ages...
  
   (1135-1204), philosopher and physician.
• Al-Qurtubi
  Al-Qurtubi
  Imam Abu 'Abdullah Al-Qurtubi or Abu 'Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abu Bakr al-Ansari al-Qurtubi was a famous mufassir, muhaddith and faqih scholar from Cordoba of maliki origin. He is most famous for his commentary of the Quran, Tafsir al-Qurtubi....
  
   (1214-1273), Muslim scholar.
• Abraham ben Isaac of Granada
  Abraham ben Isaac of Granada
  Abraham ben Isaac of Granada also Abraham Merimon was a Kabbalist of the thirteenth century.-Works:Abraham wrote:*A work on the Kabbala, under the title of Sefer ha-Berit. This is quoted by Moses Botarel in the introduction to his commentary on the Sefer Yeẓirah, which passage contains a reference...
  
   (13th century), kabbalist.
• David Abudirham (14th century), Hebrew rishom.
• Bartolomé de las Casas
  Bartolomé de Las Casas
  Bartolomé de las Casas O.P. was a 16th-century Spanish historian, social reformer and Dominican friar. He became the first resident Bishop of Chiapas, and the first officially appointed "Protector of the Indians"...
  
   (1484-1566), theologian, philosopher, jurist and defender of the native Americans.
• Louis of Granada
  Louis of Granada
  Louis of Granada was a Dominican theologian, writer, and preacher.- Biography :He was born of poor parents at Granada. At the age of nineteen he was received into the Dominican Order in the convent of Santa Cruz, Granada. His philosophical studies once over, he was chosen by his superiors to...
  
   (1505-1588), theologian and writer.
• Moses ben Jacob Cordovero
  Moses ben Jacob Cordovero
  Moses ben Jacob Cordovero, , was a central figure in the historical development of Kabbalah, leader of a mystical school in 16th-century Safed, Israel. He is known by the acronym the Ramak....
  
   (1522-1570), Hebrew mystic and scholar.
• Francisco Suárez
  Francisco Suárez
  Francisco Suárez was a Spanish Jesuit priest, philosopher and theologian, one of the leading figures of the School of Salamanca movement, and generally regarded among the greatest scholastics after Thomas Aquinas....
  
   (1548-1617), philosopher, theologian and scholar.
• Joseph Athias
  Joseph Athias
  Joseph Athias was a rabbi and publisher of the Hebrew Bible.Born in Spain, probably in Córdoba, at the beginning of the seventeenth century, he settled in Amsterdam. In 1661 and 1667 he issued two editions of the Hebrew Bible. Though carefully printed, they contain a number of mistakes in the...
  
   (1635-1700), rabbi and Hebrew scholar.
• Francisco Giner de los Ríos
  Francisco Giner de los Ríos
  Francisco Giner de los Ríos was a philosopher, educator and one of the most influential Spanish intellectuals at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century....
  
   (1839-1915), philosopher and educator.
• María Zambrano
  María Zambrano
  María Zambrano Alarcón was a Spanish essayist and philosopher.Zambrano studied under and was influenced by José Ortega y Gasset and went on to teach Metaphysics at Madrid University from 1931 to 1936...
  
   (1904-1991), philosopher.
• Jesús Padilla
  Jesús Padilla Gálvez
  Jesús Padilla Gálvez is a philosopher who worked primarily in philosophy of language, logic, and the history of sciences. Studied Philosophy, History and Mathematics at the University of Cologne and was awarded the M.A. in 1983 and a Dr. phil. in Philosophy in 1988...
  
   (*1959), philosopher.

Historians, Philologists & Writers

• Judah ben David Hayyuj
  Judah ben David Hayyuj
  Judah ben David Hayyuj was a Jewish linguist. He is regarded as the father of scientific grammar of Hebrew language. He was born in Fez, Morocco, about 945...
  
   (945-1000), Hebrew grammarian.
• Ibn Faradi
  Ibn Faradi
  Abu l-Walid 'Abdallah ibn ul-Faradi , best known as Ibn Faradi, was a Muladi historian. He was born at Córdoba and studied law and tradition. In 992 he made the pilgrimage and proceeded to Egypt and Kairawan, studying in these places. After his return, in 1009 he became qadi in Valencia...
  
   (962-1012), historian.
• Ibn al-Qūṭiyya (977-?), historian.
• Ibn Hayyan
  Ibn Hayyan
  Abu Marwán Hayyán Ibn Khalaf Ibn Hayyan al-Qurtubi , usually known as Ibn Hayyan, was a Muslim historian from Al-Andalus.Born at Córdoba, he was an important official at the court of the Andalusian ruler al-Mansur and published several works on history which have only survived in part...
  
   (987-1075), historian.
• Jonah ibn Janah (990-1050), grammarian and lexicographer.
• Al-Udri
  Al-Udri
  Al-Udri or el Odsrí in Spanish , was the descendant of Theodor . Al-Udri was an Andalusian Muwallad geographer and historian. He lived in Zaragoza. He was the author of a geographical-historical compendium about the Taifa of Zaragoza in al-Andalus, in which he gives the annals of the region...
  
   (1003-1085), geographer and historian.
• Hanoch ben Moses
  Hanoch ben Moses
  R. Hanoch ben Moses was a Spanish rabbi. Almost all of the information we have about him comes from the Sefer ha-Qabbalah by R. Abraham ibn Daud....
  
   (?-1024), rabbi.
• Said Al-Andalusi
  Said Al-Andalusi
  Said al-Andalusí was an Andalusi Muslim Qadi. He was born at Almería and died at Toledo. Said Al-Andalusi was a historian, philosopher of science and thought, and mathematical scientist with an especial interest in astronomy. He was highly interested in the science of Astronomy his claim to the...
  
   (1029-1070), historian and scientist.
• Antonio de Nebrija
  Antonio de Nebrija
  Antonio de Lebrija , also known as Antonio de Nebrija, Elio Antonio de Lebrija, Antonius Nebrissensis, and Antonio of Lebrixa, was a Spanish scholar, known for writing a grammar of the Castilian language, credited as one of the first published grammars of a Romance language...
  
   (1441-1522), scholar and author of the first published grammar of the Spanish or any Romance language.
• Fernan Perez de Oliva
  Fernan Perez de Oliva
  Fernan Perez de Oliva was a Spanish man of letters.He was born in Córdoba. After studying at Salamanca, Alcalá, Paris and Rome, he was appointed rector at Salamanca, where he died in 1530 or 1531...
  
   (1492-1530), man of letters.
• Juan Pérez de Pineda (1500-1567), Protestant writer.
• José Amador de los Ríos
  José Amador de los Ríos
  José Amador de los Ríos y Serrano was a Spanish intellectual, primarily a historian and archaeologist of art and literature. He was a graduate in history of the Complutense University of Madrid....
  
   (1818-1878), historian and archaeologist.
• Ángel Ganivet
  Ángel Ganivet
  Ángel Ganivet García , Spanish writer and diplomat. He was considered a precursor to the Generation of '98.-Some of his works:* Granada la bella. * Idearium español...
  
   (1865-1898), writer and diplomat.
• Rafael Cansinos Assens
  Rafael Cansinos Assens
  Rafael Cansinos Assens , born in Seville, was a Spanish poet, essayist, literary critic and translator.Cansinos was a polyglot; he translated The Arabian Nights into Spanish, as well as the works of Dostoyevsky, and the complete works of Goethe and Shakespeare for the publisher Aguilar.In the...
  
   (1882-1964), poet, novelist and translator.
• Emilio García Gómez
  Emilio García Gómez
  Emilio García Gómez, 1st Count of Alixares was a Spanish Arabist, literary historian and critic, whose talent as a poet enriched his many translations from Arabic.-Life:...
  
   (1905-1995), Arabist, literary historian and critic.
• Francisco Ayala
  Francisco Ayala
  Francisco Ayala may refer to:* Francisco Ayala Spanish novelist* Francisco J. Ayala , Spanish-American biologist and philosopher...
  
   (1906-2009), writer and essayist.
• Abel Paz
  Abel Paz
  Abel Paz was a Spanish anarchist, former combatant and historian.Abel Paz was the pen name of Diego Camacho. He was born in Almería in 1921, and moved with his family to Barcelona in 1929...
  
   (1921-2009), anarchist, historian and activist.
• Emilio Lledó (*1927), writer and philosopher.

Military Commanders

• Lucius Cornelius Balbus (major) (1st century b.C.), military officer.
• Lucius Cornelius Balbus (minor)
  Lucius Cornelius Balbus (minor)
  Lucius Cornelius Balbus , received Roman citizenship at the same time as his uncle....
  
   (1st century b.C.), military officer.
• Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir
  Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir
  Abu Aamir Muhammad Ibn Abdullah Ibn Abi Aamir, Al-Hajib Al-Mansur , better known as Almanzor, was the de facto ruler of Muslim Al-Andalus in the late 10th to early 11th centuries. His rule marked the peak of power for Moorish Iberia.-Origins:He was born Muhammad Ibn Abi Aamir, into a noble Arab...
  
   (938-1002), military commander.
• Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, "El Gran Capitán"
  Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba
  Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba known as The Great Captain, Duke of Terranova and Santangelo, Andria, Montalto and Sessa, also known as Gonzalo de Córdoba, Italian: Gonsalvo or Consalvo Ernandes di Cordova was a Spanish general fighting in the times of the Conquest of Granada and the Italian Wars...
  
   (1453-1515), military commander.
• María Pacheco (1496-1531), noblewoman and military commander.
• Álvaro de Bazán
  Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz
  Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz de Mudela , was a Spanish admiral.-Biography:Álvaro de Bazán was born in Granada....
  
   (1526-1588), military commander.
• Miguel de Barrios y Valle (1635-1706), military commander and poet.
• Diego de Alvear y Ponce de León
  Diego de Alvear y Ponce de León
  Diego de Alvear y Ponce de León was a Spanish military commander and politician.A grandson of the founder of the "Alvear" wine company of Montilla, he was the father of the Argentine politician Carlos María de Alvear, grandfather of another Argentine politician, Torcuato de Alvear, and...
  
   (1749-1830), politician, sailor and military commander.
• Juan Ruiz de Apodaca
  Juan Ruiz de Apodaca, 1st Count of Venadito
  Juan José Ruiz de Apodaca y Eliza Gastón de Iriarte López de Letona y Lasqueti, 1st Count of Venadito was a Spanish Basque naval officer and viceroy of New Spain from September 20, 1816 to July 5, 1821, during Mexico's War of Independence.-Military career:Ruiz de Apodaca was born in Cádiz into a...
  
   (1754-1835), military commander.
• Joaquín Blake
  Joaquín Blake y Joyes
  Joaquín Blake y Joyes was a Spanish military officer who served with distinction in the French Revolutionary and Peninsular wars.-Early military career:...
  
   (1759-1827), military commander.
• Dionisio Alcalá Galiano
  Dionisio Alcalá Galiano
  Dionisio Alcalá Galiano was a Spanish naval officer, cartographer, and explorer. He mapped various coastlines in Europe and the Americas with unprecedented accuracy, using new technology such as chronometers...
  
   (1760-1805), brigadier, cartographer and explorer.
• Luis Daoíz (1767-1808), military commander.
• Henry O'Donnell (1769-1834), military commander.
• Luis Lacy (1772-1817), military commander.
• Pascual Cervera y Topete
  Pascual Cervera y Topete
  Pascual Cervera y Topete served as an admiral of the Spanish Caribbean Squadron during the Spanish-American War, and prior to this served his country in a variety of military and political roles....
  
   (1839-1909), admiral.

Poets, Novelists & Playwrights

• Lucius Iunius Moderatus Columella (4-70), tribune and writer.
• Lucan
  Lucan
  Lucan is the common English name of the Roman poet Marcus Annaeus Lucanus.Lucan may also refer to:-People:*Arthur Lucan , English actor*Sir Lucan the Butler, Knight of the Round Table in Arthurian legend...
  
   (39-65), poet.
• Wallada
  Wallada bint al-Mustakfi
  Wallada bint al-Mustakfi , was an Arab Andalusian poet of Arabic language.-Early life:She was the daughter of Muhammad III of Córdoba, one of the last Umayyad Cordoban caliphs, who came to power in 1024 after assassinating the previous caliph Abderraman V, and who was assassinated himself two...
  
    (994-1091), poet.
• Ibn Zaydun
  Ibn Zaydún
  Abu al-Waleed Ahmad Ibn Zaydún al-Makhzumi known as Ibn Zaydún was a famous Arab poet of Cordoba and Seville. His romantic and literary life was dominated by his relations with the poetess Wallada bint al-Mustakfi, the daughter of the Ummayad Caliph Muhammad III of Cordoba...
  
   (1003-1071), poet.
• Solomon ibn Gabirol
  Solomon ibn Gabirol
  Solomon ibn Gabirol, also Solomon ben Judah , was an Andalucian Hebrew poet and Jewish philosopher with a Neoplatonic bent. He was born in Málaga about 1021; died about 1058 in Valencia.-Biography:...
  
   (1021-1058), poet and philosopher.
• Moses ibn Ezra
  Moses ibn Ezra
  Rabbi Moses ben Jacob ibn Ezra, known as ha-Sallah was a Jewish, Spanish philosopher, linguist, and poet. He was born at Granada about 1055 – 1060, and died after 1138. Ezra is Jewish by religion but is also considered a great influence in the Arabic world in regards to his works...
  
   (1055-1138), poet and philosopher.
• Ibn Quzman
  Ibn Quzman
  Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Quzman was the single most famous poet in the history of al-Andalus and he is also considered to be one of its most original. He was born and died in Cordoba and has earned his fame by his zajals...
  
   (1078-1160), poet.
• Ibn Sahl of Seville (1212-1251), poet.
• Ibn al-Yayyab
  Ibn al-Yayyab
  Ibn al-Yayyab or Abu l-Hasan Ali b. Muhammad b. Sulayman b. `Ali b. Sulayman b. Hasan al-Ansari was a Muwallad statesman and poet from the Nasrid kingdom of Granada. He preceded Ibn al-Khatib as vizir at the court of Granada. He wrote qasidas in a neo-classical style...
  
   (1274-1349), poet and statesman.
• Ibn al-Khatib
  Ibn al-Khatib
  Lisan al-Din ibn al-Khatib was a poet, writer, historian, philosopher, physician and politician from Emirate of Granada. Some of his poems decorate the walls of the Alhambra in Granada.He was born at Loja, near Granada...
  
   (1313-1374), poet, historian and philosopher.
• Ibn Zamrak
  Ibn Zamrak
  Ibn Zamrak or Abu Abd Allah Muhammad b, Yusuf b. Muhammad b. Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Yusuf al-Surayhi, was a poet and statesman from Granada, Al-Andalus. Some his poems still decorate the fountains and palaces of Alhambra in Granada.He was of humble origin but thanks to his teacher Ibn al-Khatib he...
  
   (1333-1394), poet and statesman.
• Juan Alfonso de Baena
  Juan Alfonso de Baena
  Juan Alfonso de Baena was a Castilian troubadour. Born at Baena, he served as escribano escribiente at the court of John II of Castile. He was a Marrano...
  
   (1375-1434), poet.
• Juan de Mena
  Juan de Mena
  Juan de Mena was one of the most significant Spanish poets of the fifteenth century. He was highly regarded at the court of Juan II de Castilla, who appointed him veinticuatro of Córdoba, secretario de cartas latinas and cronista real...
  
   (1411-1456), poet.
• Diego Hurtado de Mendoza (1503-1575), poet and diplomat.
• Lope de Rueda
  Lope de Rueda
  Lope de Rueda was a Spanish dramatist and author, regarded by some as the best of his era. A very versatile writer, he also wrote comedies, farces, and pasos...
  
   (1510-1565), playwright.
• Gutierre de Cetina
  Gutierre de Cetina
  Gutierre de Cetina a Spanish poet and soldier, was born at Seville. He was the brother of Beltrán and Gregorio de Cetina, lesser known conquistadors. He served under Charles V in Italy and Germany, but retired from the army in 1545 to settle in Seville...
  
   (1519-1554), poet.
• Fernando de Herrera
  Fernando de Herrera
  Fernando de Herrera , called "El Divino", was a 16th-century Spanish poet and man of letters. He was born in Seville. Much of what is known about him comes from Libro de descripción de verdaderos retratos de illustres y memorables varones by Francisco Pacheco.-Biography:Although...
  
   (1534-1597), poet and man of letters.
• Juan de la Cueva
  Juan de la Cueva
  Juan de la Cueva was a Spanish dramatist and poet.He was born in Seville of an aristocratic family.Towards 1579, he began writing for the stage. His plays, fourteen in number, were published in 1588, and are the earliest manifestations of the dramatic methods developed by Lope de Vega...
  
   (1543-1612), plywright and poet.
• Mateo Alemán
  Mateo Alemán
  Mateo Alemán y de Enero was a Spanish novelist and writer.He graduated at Seville University in 1564, studied later at Salamanca and Alcalá, and from 1571 to 1588 held a post in the treasury; in 1594 he was arrested on suspicion of malversation, but was speedily released...
  
   (1547-1615), writer.
• Luis de Góngora
  Luis de Góngora
  Luis de Góngora y Argote was a Spanish Baroque lyric poet. Góngora and his lifelong rival, Francisco de Quevedo, are widely considered to be the most prominent Spanish poets of their age. His style is characterized by what was called culteranismo, also known as Gongorism...
  
   (1561-1627), poet and playwright.
• Antonio Mira de Amescua
  Antonio Mira de Amescua
  Antonio Mira de Amescua , Spanish dramatist, was born at Guadix about 1578. He is said, but doubtfully, to have been the illegitimate son of one Juana Perez. He took orders, obtained a canonry at Guadix, and settled at Madrid early in the 17th century...
  
   (1578-1636), playwright.
• Luis Vélez de Guevara
  Luís Vélez de Guevara
  Luis Vélez de Guevara was a Spanish dramatist and novelist.Velez de Guevara was born at Écija and was of Jewish converso descent...
  
   (1579-1644), novelist and playwright.
• José Cadalso
  José Cadalso
  José de Cadalso y Vázquez , Spanish, Colonel of the Royal Spanish Army, author, poet, playwright and essayist, one of the canonical producers of Spanish Enlightenment literature...
  
   (1741-1782), poet, playwright and essayist.
• Joseph Blanco White
  Joseph Blanco White
  Joseph Blanco White, born José María Blanco Crespo , was a Spanish theologian and poet....
  
   (1745-1841), poet and theologian.
• Francisco Martínez de la Rosa (1787-1862), poet, playwright and politician.
• Ángel de Saavedra, Duke of Rivas
  Ángel de Saavedra, Duke of Rivas
  Don Ángel de Saavedra y Ramírez de Baquedano, 3rd Duke of Rivas , was a Spanish poet, dramatist and politician born in Córdoba...
  
   (1791-1865), poet, dramatist and politician.
• Juan Valera(1824-1905), novelist.
• Pedro Antonio de Alarcón (1833-1891), novelist.
• Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer
  Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer
  Gustavo Adolfo Domínguez Bastida, better known as Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, was a Spanish post-romanticist writer of poetry and short stories, now considered one of the most important figures in Spanish literature. He adopted the alias of Bécquer as his brother Valeriano Bécquer, a painter, had...
  
   (1836-1870), poet and short story writer.
• Salvador Rueda (1857-1933), journalist and poet.
• Carlos Fernández Shaw
  Carlos Fernández Shaw
  Insert non-formatted text hereCarlos Fernández Shaw was a Spanish poet and playwright. He wrote the libretti for the operas Margarita la tornera by Ruperto Chapí and La vida breve by Manuel de Falla.Fernández Shaw was the son of a Spanish father and an English mother...
  
   (1865-1911), poet and playwright.
• Manuel Machado
  Manuel Machado
  Manuel Machado may refer to:*Manuel Machado , Portuguese composer of early Baroque music*Manuel Machado y Ruiz , Spanish poet, part of the Generation of '98...
  
   (1874-1947), poet and playwright.
• Antonio Machado
  Antonio Machado
  Antonio Cipriano José María y Francisco de Santa Ana Machado y Ruiz, known as Antonio Machado was a Spanish poet and one of the leading figures of the Spanish literary movement known as the Generation of '98....
  
   (1875-1939), poet.
• Francisco Villaespesa
  Francisco Villaespesa
  Francisco Villaespesa Martín was a Spanish writer. He was born in Láujar de Andarax, Province of Almería, which marked him all his life...
  
   (1877-1936), poet and playwright.
• Pedro Muñoz Seca
  Pedro Muñoz Seca
  Pedro Muñoz Seca was a Spanish comic playwright. He was one of the most successful playwrights of his era...
  
   (1879-1936), playwright.
• José María Álvarez de Sotomayor
  José María Álvarez de Sotomayor
  José María Álvarez de Sotomayor was a Spanish playwright and poet....
  
   (1880-1947), poet and playwright.
• Juan Ramón Jiménez
  Juan Ramón Jiménez
  Juan Ramón Jiménez Mantecón was a Spanish poet, a prolific writer who received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1956. One of Jiménez's most important contributions to modern poetry was his advocacy of the French concept of "pure poetry."-Biography:Jiménez was born in Moguer, near Huelva, in...
  
   (1881-1958), poet and writer, Nobel prize laureate.
• José María Pemán
  José María Pemán
  José María Pemán y Pemartín, KOGF was a Spanish journalist, poet, novelist, essayist, and right-wing intellectual....
  
   (1897-1981), poet, novelist and playwright.
• Federico García Lorca
  Federico García Lorca
  Federico del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús García Lorca was a Spanish poet, dramatist and theatre director. García Lorca achieved international recognition as an emblematic member of the Generation of '27. He is believed to be one of thousands who were summarily shot by anti-communist death squads...
  
   (1898-1936), poet, playwright and theatre director.
• Vicente Aleixandre
  Vicente Aleixandre
  Vicente Pío Marcelino Cirilo Aleixandre y Merlo was a Spanish poet who was born in Seville. Aleixandre was a Nobel Prize laureate for Literature in 1977. He was part of the Generation of '27. He died in Madrid in 1984....
  
   (1898-1984), poet, Nobel prize laureate.
• Emilio Prados
  Emilio Prados
  Emilio Prados was a Spanish poet and editor, a member of the Generation of '27.-Life:Born in the Andalusian city of Málaga in 1899, Prados was offered a place at Madrid's famous Residencia de estudiantes in 1914 and moved into its university section in 1918...
  
   (1899-1962), poet.
• Luis Cernuda
  Luis Cernuda
  Luis Cernuda , was a Spanish poet and literary critic.-Life and career:...
  
   (1902-1963), poet.
• Rafael Alberti
  Rafael Alberti
  Rafael Alberti Merello was a Spanish poet, a member of the Generation of '27....
  
   (1902-1999), poet.
• Manuel Altolaguirre
  Manuel Altolaguirre
  Manuel Altolaguirre was a Spanish poet, an editor, publisher, and printer of poetry, and a member of the Generation of '27.-Biography:...
  
   (1905-1959), poet and editor.
• Luis Rosales
  Luis Rosales
  Luis Rosales Camacho was a Spanish poet and essay writer member of the Generation of '36. Member of the Hispanic Society of America and the Royal Spanish Academy since 1962...
  
   (1910-1992), poet.
• Carlos Edmundo de Ory
  Carlos Edmundo de Ory
  Carlos Edmundo de Ory was born in the Spanish city of Cadiz, was a Spanish avant-garde poet.Ory was fundamental in modernizing post-Spanish Civil War poetry by creating work that engaged major twentieth-century European avant-gardes such as Futurism, Dadaism, and Surrealism...
  
   (*1923), poet, essayist and translator.
• José Manuel Caballero Bonald (*1926), poet.
• Fernando Quiñones (1930-1998), poet.
• Agustín Gómez Arcos (1933-1998), writer
• Antonio Gala
  Antonio Gala
  Antonio Gala Velasco is a Spanish poet, playwright, novelist and writer.Gala was born in Brazatortas, Ciudad Real , although he moved very soon to Córdoba and is widely considered an Andalusian....
  
   (*1936), writer.
• Juan Madrid
  Juan Madrid
  Juan Madrid is a Spanish writer, journalist and script writer.-Biography:He studied in Madrid and gained a degree in Contemporary History from the University of Salamanca. He has written for Cambio 16 since 1974, and this is where he currently works as an investigative reporter...
  
   (*1947), writer.
• Juan Eslava Galán (*1948), novelist.
• Eduardo Mendicutti (*1948), novelist.
• Antonio Muñoz Molina
  Antonio Muñoz Molina
  Antonio Muñoz Molina is a Spanish writer and, since 8 June 1995, a full member of the Royal Spanish Academy. He currently resides in New York City, United States...
  
   (*1956), novelist, director of Instituto Cervantes in New York City.
• Luis García Montero (*1958), poet.
• Francisco Domene
  Francisco Domene
  Francisco Domene is a Spanish writer, narrator, novelist, and poet. He was born in Caniles , .- Bibliography:Francisco Domene is probably one of the most personal poets of contemporary Spanish literature...
  
   (*1960), poet.
• Elvira Lindo
  Elvira Lindo
  Elvira Lindo is a Spanish journalist and writer.At the age of 12 Lindo moved to Madrid, where she studied journalism. She did not get her degree, as she began to work in television and radio as a speaker, actress and scriptwriter...
  
   (*1962), writer and journalist.
• Salome Ortega
  Salome Ortega
  Salomé Ortega Martínez was born in the province of Granada, Spain, in Campo Camara. She and her family moved to Madrid in 1965. Despite her short time living in Granada, the summers she spent there left indelible memories that she recounts in her third book, La Sabia Insinuacion de las Cosas and...
  
   (*1962), poet and novelist.
• :es:Elvira Navarro (*1978), novelist.
• Elena Medel
  Elena Medel
  Elena Medel is a Spanish poet.She was awarded with the Andalucía Joven prize with her first book of poems Mi primer bikini ....
  
   (*1985), poet.

Catholic Saints & Martyrs

• Saint Justa and Saint Rufina
  Justa and Rufina
  Saints Justa and Rufina are venerated as martyrs. They are said to have been martyred at Hispalis during the 3rd century.Only St...
  
   (3rd century), Catholic martyrs.
• Saint Acisclus (3rd century-303), Catholic martyr.
• Saint Argimir (9th century), Catholic martyr.
• Saint Adolph
  Saint Adolph
  Saint Adolph may refer to:*Adolph, 9th-century Spanish martyr, one of the Martyrs of Córdoba*Adolf of Osnabrück, 13th-century German martyr*Adolphus Ludigo-Mkasa, 19th-century Ugandan martyr...
  
   (9th century), Catholic martyr.
• Saint Eulogius of Córdoba
  Eulogius of Córdoba
  Saint Eulogius of Córdoba was one of the Martyrs of Córdoba. He flourished during the reigns of the Cordovan emirs Abd-er-Rahman II and Muhammad I .-Birth:...
  
   (9th century), Catholic martyr.
• Saint Aurelius and Saint Natalia
  Aurelius and Natalia
  Aurelius and Natalia were Christian martyrs who were put to death during the reign of Abd ar-Rahman II, Emir of Córdoba, and are counted among the Martyrs of Córdoba....
  
   (9th century), Catholic martyrs.
• Saint Laura
  Saint Laura
  Saint Laura of Cordoba was a Spanish Christian who lived in Muslim Spain during the 9th century. She was born in Córdoba, and became a nun at Cuteclara after her husband died, eventually rising to become an abbess. She was martyred by Muslims who took her captive and scalded her to death by...
  
   (9th century), Catholic martyr.
• Perfectus (9th century), Catholic martyr.
• Saint Diego de Alcalá (1400-1463), Catholic saint.
• Saint Francis Solanus
  Francis Solanus
  Saint Francis Solanus, O.F.M., was a Spanish friar and missionary in South America, belonging to the Order of Friars Minor , who is honored as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church.-Early life:...
  
   (1549-1610), saint and missionary in the Americas.
• Saint José María Rubio
  José María Rubio
  St. Jose Maria Rubio was a Spanish Jesuit, known as the Apostle of Madrid by the Bishop of Madrid. He was canonised in 2003 by Pope John Paul II.- Childhood and adolescence :...
  
   (1864)-1929), Catholic saint.

Explorers, Navigators & Missionaries

• Khashkhash Ibn Saeed Ibn Aswad
  Khashkhash Ibn Saeed Ibn Aswad
  Khashkhāsh ibn Sa`īd ibn Aswad was a Moorish navigator of Islamic Iberia. According to Muslim historian Abu al-Hasan 'Alī al-Mas'ūdī , Khashkhash Ibn Saeed Ibn Aswad sailed over the Atlantic Ocean and discovered a previously unknown land...
  
   (9th century), explorer and navigator, presumed discoverer of America.
• Pedro Tafur
  Pedro Tafur
  Pedro Tafur was a Spanish traveler and writer. Born in Córdoba, to a branch of the noble house of Guzmán, Tafur traveled across three continents during the years 1436 to 1439. During the voyage, he participated in various battles, visited shrines, and rendered diplomatic services for Juan II of...
  
   (1410-1487), explorer of the Mediterranean and Middle East.
• Martín Alonso Pinzón (1441-1493), explorer, one of the discoverers of America with Columbus.
• Pedro de Cordova
  Pedro de Cordova
  Pedro de Córdoba was a Spanish missionary, author and inquisitor on the island of Hispaniola.-Biography:He was born at Córdoba in Andalusia, southern Spain, about 1460. He studied theology at the University of Salamanca and there joined the Dominicans....
  
   (1460-1525), missionary of present-day Dominican Republic and Venezuela.
• Vicente Yáñez Pinzón
  Vicente Yáñez Pinzón
  Vicente Yáñez Pinzón was a Spanish navigator, explorer, and conquistador, the youngest of the Pinzón brothers...
  
   (1462-1514), explorer, one of the discoverers of America with Columbus.
• Pedro Alonso Niño
  Pedro Alonso Niño
  Pedro Alonso Nino was a Spanish explorer, also known as El Negro .Born in Palos de Moguer, Spain, he explored the coasts of Africa, and accompanied Christopher Columbus during his third voyage that saw the discovery of Trinidad and the mouths of the Orinoco River...
  
   (1468-1505), explorer of the Caribbean with Columbus.
• Rodrigo de Triana
  Rodrigo de Triana
  Rodrigo de Triana was a sailor and the first European since the Vikings known to have seen America. Born as Juan Rodrigo Bermejo, Triana was the son of Morisco hidalgo and potter Vicente Bermejo and Sereni Betancour....
  
   (1469-?), explorer with Columbus, first European since the Vikings to officially see the Americas.
• Juan Díaz de Solís
  Juan Díaz de Solís
  Juan Díaz de Solís was a Spanish navigator and explorer.Díaz de Solís was probably born in Lebrija, Seville, although some other authors argue that his birth may have actually taken place in Portugal to an Andalusian emigree family....
  
   (1470-1515), explorer of Yucatan, Brazil, and present-day Argentina and Uruguay.
• Sebastián de Belalcázar
  Sebastián de Belalcázar
  Sebastián de Belalcázar was a Spanish conquistador.-Early life:He was born Sebastián Moyano in the province of Córdoba, Spain, in either 1479 or 1480. He took the name Belalcázar as that was the name of the castle-town near to his birthplace in Córdoba...
  
   (1479-1551), conquistador, explorer of presen Central America, Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador.
• Cristóbal de Olid
  Cristóbal de Olid
  Cristóbal de Olid was a Spanish adventurer, conquistador and rebel who played a part in the conquest of Mexico and Honduras.Born in Zaragoza, Olid grew up in the household of the governor of Cuba, Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar. In 1518 Velázquez sent Olid to relieve Juan de Grijalva, but en route a...
  
   (1488-1524), conquistador, military commander in the conquest of Cuba, Mexico and Honduras.
• Diego de Lopez (late 18th Century), friar from Granada, Spain, Parish Priest of Pandacan, Manila, founder of Tolosa town in the Philippines, patriarch of the Lopez- Romualdez family, great grand father of Imelda Romualdez- Marcos, Philippine First Lady.
• Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
  Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
  Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca was a Spanish explorer of the New World, one of four survivors of the Narváez expedition...
  
   (1490-1557), conquistador, explorer of the Caribbean, present-day USA and Mexico.
• Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
  Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
  Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada was a Spanish explorer and conquistador in Colombia. He explored the northern part of South America. While successful in many of his exploits, acquiring massive amounts of gold and emeralds, he ended his career disastrously; and has been suggested as a possible model...
  
   (1495-1579), conquistador and explorer of Colombia.
• Pedro de Mendoza
  Pedro de Mendoza
  Pedro de Mendoza y Luján was a Spanish conquistador, soldier and explorer, and the first adelantado of the Río de la Plata.- Setting sail :...
  
   (1499-1537), conquistador, explorer of present-day Argentina and founder of Buenos Aires.
• Diego de Nicuesa
  Diego de Nicuesa
  Diego de Nicuesa was a Spanish conquistador and explorer. In 1506, he was given the job of governing Costa Rica, but ran aground off the coast of Panama. He made his way north overland, against resistance from the native population...
  
   (15th century-1511), conquistador, explorer of present-day Panamá, Nicaragua and Costa Rica.
• Juan de Esquivel
  Juan de Esquivel
  Juan de Esquivel was born in Seville, Spain and died in Jamaica in 1513. He conquered the island of Jamaica for the Spanish Crown.He accompanied Christopher Columbus in his second trip to the American continent in 1493 and participated in the conquest and colonization of the isle of La Española,...
  
   (15th century-1513), conquistador of Jamaica.
• Ruy López de Villalobos
  Ruy López de Villalobos
  Ruy López de Villalobos was a Spanish explorer who sailed the Pacific from Mexico to establish a permanent foothold for Spain in the East Indies, which was near the Line of Demarcation between Spain and Portugal according to the Treaty of Saragossa in 1529...
  
   (1500-1544), explorer of the Pacific Ocean and the Philippines.
• Juan de Padilla
  Juan de Padilla
  Father Juan de Padilla , born in Andalusia, was a Spanish Roman Catholic missionary who spent much of his life exploring North America with Francisco Vasquez de Coronado....
  
   (1500-1542), missionary, Christian martyr and explorer of present-day USA.
• Alonzo de Barcena
  Alonzo de Barcena
  Alonzo de Barcena was a Spanish Jesuit missionary and linguist.-Biography:He was of native of Baeza in Andalusia, southern Spain, born in 1528; died at Cuzco, Peru on 15 January, 1598...
  
   (1528-?), missionary in Peru, Bolivia and Paraguay.
• Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera
  Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera
  Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera was a Spanish Conquistador, early colonial governor over much of what today is northwestern Argentina, and founder of the city of Córdoba.-Life and times:Cabrera was born in Seville, Spain, in 1528...
  
   (1538-1574), conquistador, founder of Córdoba, Argentina.
• Judar Pasha
  Judar Pasha
  Judar Pasha was a military leader of Morocco's Saadi Dynasty and the conqueror of the Songhai Empire.Born a Spaniard, Judar had been captured as a baby. As a young boy he joined the service of Moroccan Sultan Ahmad I al-Mansur Saadi...
  
   (16th century-1605), military commander and explorer, conqueror of Niger.
• Antonio de Ulloa
  Antonio de Ulloa
  Antonio de Ulloa y de la Torre-Girault was a Spanish general, explorer, author, astronomer, colonial administrator and the first Spanish governor of Louisiana.Rebellion of 1768]]....
  
   (1716-1795), military commander, explorer and astronomer.
• Juan de Ayala
  Juan de Ayala
  Juan Manuel de Ayala y Aranza was a Spanish naval officer who played a significant role in the European exploration of California, since he and the crew of his ship the San Carlos are the first Europeans known to have entered the San Francisco Bay.Ayala was born in Osuna, Andalucía...
  
   (1745-1797), naval officer and explorer of California.

Scientists & Physicians

• Abbas Ibn Firnas
  Abbas Ibn Firnas
  Abbas Ibn Firnas , also known as Abbas Qasim Ibn Firnas and عباس بن فرناس , was a Muslim Andalusian polymath: an inventor, engineer, aviator, physician, Arabic poet, and Andalusian musician. Of Berber descent, he was born in Izn-Rand Onda, Al-Andalus , and lived in the Emirate of Córdoba...
  
   (810-887), scientist.
• Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon
  Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon
  Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon was a translator and physician.Born in Granada, he left Spain in 1150, probably on account persecution by the Almohades, and went to Lunel in southern France. Benjamin of Tudela mentions him as a physician there in 1160...
  
   (112-after 1190), physician and translator.
• Ibn al-Baitar (1188-1248), scientist and physician.
• al-Arbuli (15th century), bromatologist.
• Celestino Mutis
  José Celestino Mutis
  -External links:*** at The Catholic Encyclopedia official site...
  
   (1732-1808), botanist and mathematician.
• Alberto Lista (1775-1848), mathematician and poet.
• Cristóbal Martínez-Bordiú (1922-1998), surgeon.
• Luis Rojas-Marcos (*1943), psychiatrist.
• Ginés Morata (*1945), biologist.

Classical Composers & Opera Singers

Music of Andalusia

The Music of Andalusia is very diverse and includes many external influences such as Arabic, Romani, Sephardic, Roman, and Christian.-Influence of Andalusian music:...

• Cristobal de Morales
  Cristóbal de Morales
  Cristóbal de Morales was a Spanish composer of the Renaissance. He is generally considered to be the most influential Spanish composer before Victoria.- Life :...
  
   (1500-1553), composer.
• Vicente Espinel
  Vicente Espinel
  Vicente Gómez Martínez-Espinel , was a Spanish writer and musician of the Siglo de Oro.He is credited with the addition of the 5th string to the guitar and the creation of the modern poetic form of the décima, composed of ten octameters, named espinella in Spanish after him.Espinel was born in Ronda...
  
   (1550-1624), composer and poet.
• Alonso Lobo
  Alonso Lobo
  Alonso Lobo was a Spanish composer of the late Renaissance. Although not as famous as Tomás Luís de Victoria, he was highly regarded at the time, and Victoria himself considered him to be his equal....
  
   (1555-1617), composer.
• Manuel García
  Manuel García (tenor)
  Manuel del Pópulo Vicente Rodriguez García was a Spanish opera singer, composer, impresario, and singing teacher.-Biography:...
  
   (1775-1832), tenor.
• Julián Arcas
  Julián Arcas
  Julián Arcas was a Spanish classical guitarist and composer. He was born in Almería and died in Malaga Spain.During the decade 1860–70 he performed all over Europe. He even performed for the Duke of Wellington and the Duke of Cambridge in 1862...
  
   (1832-1888), classical guitarist.
• Manuel de Falla
  Manuel de Falla
  Manuel de Falla y Matheu was a Spanish Andalusian composer of classical music. With Isaac Albéniz, Enrique Granados and Joaquín Turina he is one of Spain's most important musicians of the first half of the 20th century....
  
   (1876-1946), composer.
• Maria Galvany
  Maria Galvany
  Maria Galvany or María Galvany was a Spanish coloratura soprano notable for her showy, virtuoso singing technique. Her career, however, ended in obscurity.-Her biography and operatic engagements:...
  
   (1878-1949), soprano.
• Joaquín Turina
  Joaquín Turina
  Joaquín Turina was a Spanish composer of classical music.-Biography:Turina was born in Seville but his origins were in northern Italy . He studied in Seville as well as in Madrid...
  
   (1882-1949), composer.
• José Padilla
  José Padilla (composer)
  José Padilla Sánchez, , popularly known as Maestro Padilla was a famous Spanish composer and pianist...
  
   (1889-1960), composer.
• Andrés Segovia
  Andrés Segovia
  Andrés Torres Segovia, 1st Marquis of Salobreña , known as Andrés Segovia, was a virtuoso Spanish classical guitarist from Linares, Jaén, Andalucia, Spain...
  
   (1893-1987), classical guitarist.
• Carlos Álvarez
  Carlos Álvarez (baritone)
  Carlos Álvarez is a Spanish baritone who has had a major international opera career since the early 1990s. His recording of the title role in Isaac Albéniz's Merlin with Plácido Domingo as King Arthur won a Latin Grammy Award in 2001, and his recording of the role of Ford in Giuseppe Verdi's...
  
   (*1966), baritone, Grammy Award laureate.
• Isaac Albeniz i Pascual (1860-1909) composer and pianist.

Painters & Sculptors

• Antonio Mohedano
  Antonio Mohedano
  Antonio Mohedano was a Spanish painter of the Renaissance period.It is assumed that he was born at Lucena, to a magistrate of Antequera, since he is referred to as a vecino of Antequera and a native of Lucena. He trained with Pablo de Céspedes‎, after his return to Córdoba in 1577...
  
   (1563-1626), painter.
• Juan Martínez Montañés
  Juan Martínez Montañés
  Juan Martínez Montañés , known as el Dios de la Madera , was a Spanish sculptor, born at Alcalá la Real, in the province of Jaén. He was one of the most important figures of the Sevillian school of sculpture.His master was Pablo de Roxas. His first known work, dating 1597, is the graceful St...
  
   (1568-1649), sculptor.
• Francisco Herrera the Elder
  Francisco Herrera the Elder
  Francisco Herrera was a distinguished Spanish painter, born at Seville. He was the founder of the Seville school.Herrera's finest paintings include "The Last Judgment" and a "Holy Family," both in churches at Seville. Others are in the Louvre, Paris. They exhibit boldness of execution with...
  
   (1576-1656), painter.
• Juan de Mesa
  Juan de Mesa
  Juan de Mesa y Velasco was a Spanish Baroque sculptor. He was the creator of several of the effigies that are used in the procession during the Holy Week in Seville....
  
   (1583-1627), sculptor.
• Diego de Velázquez (1599-1660), painter.
• Alonso Cano (1601-1667), painter, sculptor and architect.
• Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
  Bartolomé Estéban Murillo
  Bartolomé Esteban Murillo was a Spanish Baroque painter. Although he is best known for his religious works, Murillo also produced a considerable number of paintings of contemporary women and children...
  
   (1617-1682), painter.
• Francisco Herrera the Younger
  Francisco Herrera the Younger
  Francisco Herrera the Younger was a Spanish painter and architect.-Life:Born at Seville, he was the second son of Francisco Herrera the Elder , and began his career under his father's instruction; but the father's violent temper at last became so intolerable that the youth fled to Rome...
  
   (1622-1655), painter and architect.
• Juan de Valdés Leal
  Juan de Valdés Leal
  Juan de Valdés Leal was a Spanish painter of the Baroque era.He was born in Seville in 1622, and distinguished himself as a painter, sculptor, and architect. He worked for a time under Antonio del Castillo. Among his works are a History of the Prophet Elias for the church of the Carmelites; a...
  
   (1622-1690), painter.
• Pedro de Mena
  Pedro de Mena
  Pedro de Mena or Pedro Mena y Medrano was a Spanish sculptor.-Biography:He was born at Granada, in Andalusia. He was a pupil of his father Alonso de Mena as well as of Alonzo Cano. His first conspicuous success was achieved in work for the convent of St...
  
   (1628-1688), sculptor.
• Jose Risueño
  Jose Risueño
  Jose Risueño was a Spanish painter of the Baroque period, active mainly in his native city of Granada. He initially trained with Alonso Cano, under whom he studied both painting and sculpture. He helped decorate the cupola of the Church in the Carthusian monastery. He died at Granada.-References:...
  
   (1640-1721), Baroque painter.
• Pedro Nuñez de Villavicencio
  Pedro Nuñez de Villavicencio
  Pedro Nuñez de Villavicencio was a Spanish painter of the Baroque period.He was born and died in Seville. Trained by Murillo. Was named a knight of the order of San Juan. With the order he performed duties in Malta, where he met Mattia Preti. Returning to Spain, along with Murillo, he helped...
  
   (1635-1700), painter.
• Antonio Palomino (1653-1726), painter.
• José Denis Belgrano
  José Denis Belgrano
  José Denis Belgrano was a Spanish painter.Belgrano was given a scholarship by Carlos Larios, Marquess of Guadiaro, to study in Rome, where he lived for two years. Back to Málaga, he registered at the Malaga Art School in 1868, present-day Faculty of Fine Arts of the University of Málaga, where he...
  
   (1844-1917), painter.
• Julio Romero de Torres
  Julio Romero de Torres
  Julio Romero de Torres was a Spanish painter.He was born and died in Córdoba, Spain, where he lived most of his life. His father was the famous painter Rafael Romero Barros and his mother was Rosario de Torres Delgado...
  
   (1874-1930), painter.
• Pablo Ruiz Picasso (1881-1973), painter.
• Daniel Vázquez Díaz
  Daniel Vázquez Díaz
  Daniel Vázquez Díaz was a Spanish painter.Born in Nerva, Spain, Vázquez Díaz settled in Paris in 1918, where he found cubism to be the ideal form of expression...
  
   (1882-1969), painter.
• Juan Cristóbal (1897-1961), sculptor.
• Antonio León Ortega
  Antonio León Ortega
  Antonio León Ortega, Ayamonte , December 7, 1907 - Huelva, January 9, 1991, Spanish sculptor, he had his professional education in Madrid and he created a personal style in the Andalusian imagery of the 20th century.- Biography :...
  
   (1907-1991), sculptor.
• :es:Jesús de Perceval (1915-1985), painter.
• Federico "Fred" Castellon
  Federico Castellon
  Federico Castellón was an Spanish-American painter, sculptor, printmaker and illustrator of children's books.Castellón was born on Isla de Alborán, Spain, studied in Madrid and Paris and settled in Brooklyn, New York....
  
   (1914-1971), painter and illustrator, naturalized American.
• Miguel Berrocal
  Miguel Berrocal
  Miguel Ortíz y Berrocal was an artist known for his puzzle sculptures. He was born in Villanueva de Algaidas, Málaga, Spain, and married Maria Cristina de Bragança . He received formal training in mathematics, architecture, chemistry, and art...
  
   (*1933-2006), sculptor.
• Artiste Vicente Navarro y Romero 1888 - 1979,Painter, artist, Spain Titre(title) The slave market

Artisans

• Carlos Pacheco
  Carlos Pacheco
  Carlos Pacheco is a Spanish comic book artist and penciller. Pacheco was born in San Roque, Cádiz. He is best known in the United States for his work on titles such as Avengers Forever, X-Men and Green Lantern...
  
   (1961), comic-book artist.
• Joseph Contreras
  Joseph Contreras
  Joseph Contreras was born in about 1710, in Granada, Spain, hence his commonly used nickname 'el Granadino'. He probably lived in Italy during his early life, his style being Italian. He worked in Madrid from about 1745, as violin maker and repairer to the Spanish Court...
  
   (1710-1780), luthier.
• Mariano Fortuny y Madrazo
  Mariano Fortuny (designer)
  Mariano Fortuny y Madrazo, , son of the painter Mariano Fortuny y Marsal, was a Spanish fashion designer who opened his couture house in 1906 and continued until 1946.- Life :...
  
   (1871-1949), fashion designer.
• Manuel García Ferré
  Manuel García Ferré
  Manuel García Ferré is a Spanish Argentine animation director and cartoonist.-Biography :García Ferré was born in Almería, Spain, in 1929. He arrived in Argentina in 1947, and worked for advertising agencies while studying Architecture. In 1952 his character Pi Pío was accepted and published by...
  
   (*1929), cartoonist.
• Gerundino Fernández
  Gerundino Fernández
  Gerundino Miguel Fernández García was a Spanish luthier, considered one of the world's greatest makers of flamenco guitars.-Biography:...
  
   (1931-2006), luthier.
• Juan Ballesta (*1935), cartoonist and illustrator.
• Juanjo Guarnido
  Juanjo Guarnido
  Juanjo Guarnido is a Spanish illustrator and the co-author of the comic book series Blacksad.-Biography:Guarnido was born in Granada, Spain. He studied painting at the art school of Granada. He collaborated on several fanzines and produced work for Marvel comics. Unfortunately, the small size of...
  
   (*1967), comic illustrator.
• Idígoras y Pachi, cartoonist active since the 90's.
• Andrés Vázquez de Sola political cartoonist and journalist.

Bullfighters

• Costillares
  Costillares
  Joaquín Rodríguez , better known as Costillares, was a Spanish bullfighter who has been considered the father of modern spectator bullfighting....
  
   (1743-1800), matador, father of modern bullfighting.
• Pedro Romero
  Pedro Romero
  Pedro Romero Martínez was a legendary bullfighter from the Romero family in Ronda, Spain. His grandfather Francisco is credited with advancing the art of using the muletilla; his father and two brothers were also toreros...
  
   (1754-1839), matador, one of the fathers of modern bullfighting.
• Rafael Molina Sánchez, "Lagartijo"
  Rafael Molina Sánchez
  Rafael Molina Sánchez "Lagartijo", the son of "Niño de Dios", and nephew of "Poleo", was born in Cordoba on November 27, 1841. He fought in his home town on September 8, 1851 when he was nine years old. On September 29, 1865, he became a full bullfighter at Ubeda...
  
   (1841-1900), matador.
• Frascuelo (1842-1898), matador.
• Rafael Guerra, "Guerrita"
  Rafael Guerra Bejarano
  Rafael Guerra Bejarano "Guerrita" was born in Cordoba, in the household of an employee of the slaughterhouse, one and half months before his side-whiskered uncle José "El Pepote" was killed in Madrid by "Jocinero", on March 6, 1862. In 1878 he started a long apprenticeship as banderillero and...
  
   (1862-1941), matador.
• Rafael González Madrid, "Machaquito"" (1880-1955), matador.
• Rafael Gómez Ortega, "El Gallo"
  Rafael Gomez Ortega
  Rafael Gómez Ortega, also known as El Gallo was an early twentieth century bullfighter. He came from a family of famous bullfighters, including his matador father, Fernando Gómez García and matador younger brother, José Gómez Ortega...
  
   (1882-1960), matador.
• Ignacio Sánchez Mejías
  Ignacio Sánchez Mejías
  Ignacio Sánchez Mejías was a famous Spanish bullfighter. He was also a writer. He enjoyed enormous popularity — he was attractive to women, admired by men, and a sympathetic personality to artists, especially those of the Generación del 27.When he died after a goring in the Plaza of...
  
   (1891-1934), matador.
• Juan Belmonte
  Juan Belmonte
  Juan Belmonte García was a Spanish bullfighter, considered by many to have been the greatest matador of all time.-Life:...
  
   (1892-1962), bullfighter.
• José Gómez Ortega, "Gallito"
  José Gómez Ortega
  José Gómez Ortega , commonly known as Joselito , was a Spanish matador in the early twentieth century.Joselito was considered a child prodigy and was the youngest bullfighter to receive the title of matador de toros, at the age of 17. Joselito followed in arch-rival Juan Belmonte's footsteps and...
  
   (1895-1920), matador.
• Cayetano Ordóñez
  Cayetano Ordóñez
  Cayetano Ordóñez is the founder of the Ordóñez family of bullfighters.His parents owned a shoeshop called La Palma, which gave him his nickname . In 1917 he first began to perform as a bullfighter in the ranches of the area were he lived...
  
   (1904-1961), matador.
• Manolete
  Manolete
  Manuel Laureano Rodríguez Sánchez , better known as Manolete, was a Spanish bullfighter.He rose to prominence shortly after the Spanish Civil War and is considered by some to be the greatest bullfighter of all time. His style was sober and serious, with few concessions to the gallery, and he...
  
   (1917-1947), matador.
• Álvaro Domecq y Díez (1917-2005), breeder and horseback bullfighter.
• Miguel Báez, "El Litri (*1930), matador.
• Antonio Ordóñez
  Antonio Ordóñez
  Antonio Ordóñez Araujo was a famous Spanish bullfighter.-Bullfighting career:Ordóñez was born Antonio Ordóñez Araujo in Ronda, Spain. He was one of the top bullfighters of his time. As a matador, Ordoñez came face to face with over 3000 bulls...
  
   (*1932-1998), matador.
• Curro Romero
  Curro Romero
  Francisco Romero López Spanish bullfighter, known as Curro Romero. Born in Camas, near Seville.He started his professional career in La Pañoleta , on August 22, 1954 together with Limeño....
  
   (*1933), matador.
• Manuel Benítez, "El Cordobés"
  El Cordobés
  Manuel Benítez Pérez , more commonly known as El Cordobés , is a famous matador of the 1960s who brought to the bullring an unorthodox acrobatic and theatrical style.-Career:...
  
   (*1936), matador.
• Palomo Linares (*1947), matador.
• Francisco Rivera, "Paquirri"
  Paquirri
  Francisco Rivera Pérez, known as Paquirri , was a Spanish bullfighter.- Death :Paquirri was gored by a bull named "Avispado" during a bullfight in Pozoblanco , and died while he was being transported to Córdoba Hospital.- Family :He was first married to Carmen Ordóñez, with whom he had two...
  
   (1948-1984), matador.
• Finito de Córdoba (*1971), matador.
• Jesulín de Ubrique (*1974), matador and singer.
• Javier Conde
  Javier Conde
  Javier Conde Becerra , better known as Javier Conde, is one of the most famous Spanish bullfighters to come from Malaga.-Biography:The Malagueño began bullfighting on June 4, 1989 in Benalmadena....
  
   (*1975), matador.

Actors, Comedians & Entertainers

• Rafaela Aparicio
  Rafaela Aparicio
  Rafaela Aparicio was a famous Spanish film and theatre actress.She did more than 100 films...
  
   (1906-1996), actress.
• Carmen Sevilla
  Carmen Sevilla
  Carmen Sevilla is a popular Spanish actress, singer and TV presenter. She made her film debut in 1948 in Jalisco Canta en Sevilla. Other roles include Academy Award nominee La venganza, Buscando a Mónica and the 1956 French film Don Juan.She played Mary Magdalene in Nicholas Ray's King of Kings...
  
   (*1930), actress, singer and TV presenter.
• Lita Baron (*1929), Hollywood film actress.
• Paco Morán (*1930), actor.
• Chiquito de la Calzada
  Chiquito de la Calzada
  Gregorio Esteban Sánchez Fernández , known as Chiquito de la Calzada, is a Spanish flamenco singer and actor, although he is more famous as a stand-up comedian...
  
   (*1932), comedian and flamenco singer.
• Elisa Montés
  Elisa Montés
  Elisa Ruiz Penella , known as Elisa Montés, is a Spanish actress who took her pseudonym from the celebrated work of her grandfather, Manuel Penella, El gato montés....
  
   (*1934), actress.
• Pilar Bardem
  Pilar Bardem
  Pilar Bardem is a Spanish film and television actress.Born María del Pilar Bardem Muñoz to performers Rafael Bardem and Matilde Muñoz Sampedro in Seville, Bardem began her screen career in 1965...
  
   (*1939), actress.
• Juan Luis Galiardo
  Juan Luis Galiardo
  Juan Luis Galiardo is a Spanish television and film actor.-Selected filmography:* Le tre spade di Zorro * The Call of the Wild * Pasodoble * The Girl of Your Dreams * El coronel Macià...
  
   (*1940), film actor.
• Juan Tamariz
  Juan Tamariz
  Juan Tamariz-Martel Negrón is a Spanish magician.He is an experienced cardician, a magician specializing in magic with playing cards, and well respected by his peers as an authority in the field of misdirection...
  
   (*1942), magician.
• Juan Diego
  Juan Diego (actor)
  Juan Diego , full name Juan Diego Ruíz Montero is a Spanish actor who has appeared on stage, in television and film productions since 1957...
  
   (*1942), film actor.
• Soledad Miranda
  Soledad Miranda
  Soledad Rendón Bueno , better known by her stage names Soledad Miranda or Susann Korda , was an actress who was born in Seville, Spain to Portuguese parents of Roma ancestry. She frequently starred in the films of Jess Franco, such as Count Dracula and Vampyros Lesbos...
  
   (1943-1970), actress.
• Marisol
  Marisol (actress)
  Josefa Flores González, better known as Marisol or Pepa Flores, is a Spanish singer and actress. She is considered one of the most popular icons of the 60s in Spain.-Biography:...
  
   (*1948), actress.
• Rafael Álvarez, "El Brujo" (*1950), actor.
• Amparo Muñoz
  Amparo Muñoz
  Amparo Muñoz Quesada was a Spanish actress who, in 1974, became the first, and so far, only Spaniard to win the Miss Universe pageant.-Miss Universe 1974:Amparo Muñoz came from the town of Vélez-Málaga, Andalusia,...
  
   (*1954), actress and model, Miss Universe laureate.
• Bibiana Fernández
  Bibiana Fernández
  Bibiana Fernández, also known as Bibí Andersen is a Spanish actress and model.- Biography :She was born as a boy called Manuel and spent her childhood in Malaga. She later went to Barcelona to fulfill her dream of being an artist...
  
   (*1954), actress.
• Rosario Pardo (*1959), actress.
• Antonio Banderas
  Antonio Banderas
  José Antonio Domínguez Banderas , better known as Antonio Banderas, is a Spanish film actor, film director, film producer and singer...
  
   (*1960), actor, film director and film producer.
• María Barranco
  María Barranco
  María Barranco , born María de los Remedios Barranco García, is a Spanish actress, who has won two Goya Awards for Best Supporting Actress....
  
   (*1961), actress.
• Pedro Reyes (*1961), actor and comedian.
• Pablo Carbonell (*1962), actor, comedian and singer.
• Juan y Medio (*1962), TV presenter and comedian.
• Ángel Garó
  Ángel Garó
  Ángel Garó is a Spanish actor and comedian.He became very popular in the 1990s thanks to his performances in Un, dos, tres and his show Personas humanas...
  
   (*1965), comedian.
• Pepón Nieto
  Pepón Nieto
  Pepón Nieto is a Spanish actor.He started his actor career in a 1993 chapter of the Antena 3 TV series Farmacia de Guardia. He has acted in other TV series: Periodistas, La vida de Rita or Los hombres de Paco....
  
   (*1967), actor.
• Ana Álvarez
  Ana Álvarez
  Ana Teresa Álvarez Páez, better known as Ana Álvarez was born on 19 November 1969 in Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz, Spain.-Biography:Álvarez moved to Madrid when she was about 13 years old....
  
   (*1969), actress.
• Paz Padilla
  Paz Padilla
  Paz Padilla is a Spanish comedian and actress.After working in Cadiz hospital, she first appeared in an Antena 3 TV programme in 1994. She made lots of collaborations in several programme of this channel, TVE and the channels of the Spanish autonomous communities. Between 1997 and 1999, she worked...
  
   (*1969), actress and comedian.
• Antonio Garrido
  Antonio Garrido (actor)
  Antonio Garrido is a Spanish actor and TV presenter.He started in a theatre company, taking part in several plays like Bajarse al moro, Breve Brecht, Un nuevo mundo, El barbero de Sevilla, Réquiem de Berlín or El otro lado de la cama.-Filmography:*Camarón by Jaime Chávarri, 2005*Desde que amanece...
  
   (*1971), actor.
• Paco León
  Paco León
  Paco León is a Spanish comic actor born in Seville. His first television experiences were playing in the childlike comedy "Mariquilla Ríe Perlas" and "Castillos en el Aire" on Canal Sur....
  
   (*1974), actor.
• Ruth Gabriel
  Ruth Gabriel
  Ruth Gabriel is a Spanish actress.Daughter of the actor Ismael Sánchez Abellán and actress and writer Ana María Bueno , Gabriel was born in San Fernando, Cadiz, but spent her childhood in Madrid.At 14 years of age, she moved to the United States, where she took interpretation...
  
   (*1975), actress.
• Paz Vega
  Paz Vega
  Paz Campos Trigo , better known as Paz Vega, is a Spanish actress.- Early life :Vega was born in Seville, Andalusia, Spain to a homemaker mother and a retired bullfighter father. Vega's younger sister has performed as a flamenco dancer. Vega has described her family as "traditional" and Catholic....
  
   (*1976), actress.
• Verónica Sánchez
  Verónica Sánchez
  Verónica Sánchez Calderón is a Spanish actress. She made her debut in theatre in 1996, and came to media attention as Eva Capdevila in the Telecinco series Los Serrano in 2003. Sánchez has since developed a successful film career...
  
   (*1977), actress.
• Fran Perea
  Fran Perea
  Francisco Manuel Perea Bilbao , professionally known as Fran Perea, is a Spanish actor and singer.-Career:...
  
   (*1978), actor and singer.
• Dúo Sacapuntas, comedian during the 80's.
• Los Morancos, comedian since the 80's.
• Juan García Postigo
  Juan García Postigo
  Juan García Postigo is a male beauty pageant contestant from Málaga, Spain. He was proclaimed Mister World 2007 on March 31, 2007, in Sanya, People's Republic of China...
  
   (*1981), model, Mister World laureate.
• Jean Reno(Juan Moreno y Jederique Jiménez) (*1948), actor.

Film Directors

• Cecilio Paniagua (?-1979), photography director.
• Manuel Summers (*1935-1993), film director.
• Miguel Hermoso (*1942), film director.
• Manuel Martín Cuenca (*1964), film director.
• Benito Zambrano
  Benito Zambrano
  Benito Zambrano , is an awarded Spanish screenwriter and film director. His film Habana Blues was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival...
  
   (*1965), film director.
• Santiago Amodeo
  Santiago Amodeo
  Santiago José Amodeo Ojeda aka Santi, is an Andalusian film director, screenwriter, musician and composer.- Biography:Santi was born in Seville and was lead guitar and composer of the bands Pestiños Revenios and Relicarios...
  
   (*1969), film director.
• Pedro Temboury (*1971), film director.
• Julián Lara (*1975), film director.

Journalists

• Isabel Oyarzábal Smith
  Isabel Oyarzábal Smith
  Isabel Oyarzábal Smith was a Spanish-born journalist, writer, actress and diplomat....
  
   (1878-1974), writer and diplomat.
• María Dolores Pérez Enciso
  María Dolores Pérez Enciso
  María Dolores Pérez Enciso was a writer and journalist.She began her studies of education in Almería and then in Barcelona. After a brief marriage to Francisco del Olmo, she joined the Communist Party and during the Spanish Civil War she acted as Delegate of the Republic...
  
   (1908-1949), feminist writer and journalist.
• Matías Prats
  Matías Prats Luque
  Matias Prats Luque is a Spanish sports and news journalist.Matias Prats graduated in law and journalism. The journalist, son of the legendary Matías Prats Cañete, began his career at the radio station La Voz de Madrid and is currently the host of Antena 3 Noticias.In 1990 Matías Prats, directs TVE...
  
   (1913-2004), journalist and TV and radio presenter.
• Jesús Hermida (*1937), journalist and TV presenter, long-time correspondent for TVE in New York City.
• Encarna Sánchez
  Encarna Sánchez
  Encarna Sánchez was an influential Spanish talk radio host and current events commentator. Generally viewed as a conservative, her views were of great influence on working, middle classes and ruling Governments in Spain at that time...
  
   (1940-1996), journalist and radio presenter.
• Jesús Quintero (*1940), journalist and TV presenter.
• María Teresa Campos
  María Teresa Campos
  María Teresa Campos Luque is a Spanish journalist and television presenter.She was born in Tetuan, Spanish Morocco, the third of the six children of an upper middle class family. She moved to Málaga in 1942 and later to Madrid....
  
   (*1940), journalist and TV presenter.
• Paco Lobatón (*1951), journalist and TV presenter.
• Carlos Herrera (*1956), journalist and TV and radio presenter.
• Juan Jacinto Muñoz Rengel
  Juan Jacinto Muñoz Rengel
  Juan Jacinto Muñoz Rengel is a Spanish writer. He is renowned in his native country for being one of the greatest short-story writers of his generation and winner of an enormous number of awards proving that very thing.-Biography:...
  
   (*1974), journalist and writer.
• Marta Nebot (*1975), journalist and TV presenter.

Footballers & Football Coaches

• Antonio Biosca
  Antonio Biosca
  Antonio Biosca Pérez , was a Spanish footballer who played for La Liga side Real Betis from 1971 through to 1983. The defender played 219 La Liga games for Real Betis, scoring 8 goals....
  
   (*1949), international footballer.
• Juan Ramón López Caro (*1953), football coach.
• Juan Gómez González, "Juanito"
  Juan Gómez González
  Juan Gómez González , or simply known as Juanito, was a Spanish footballer who played as a forward.A player with tremendous dribbling ability whose career was overshadowed by a fierce character, Juanito was best known for his Real Madrid years...
  
   (1954-1992), international footballer.
• Joaquín Caparrós
  Joaquín Caparrós
  Joaquín de Jesús Caparrós Camino is a Spanish football coach, currently in charge of RCD Mallorca.-Football career:Caparrós was born in Utrera, Province of Seville, Andalusia. After an obscure career as a player, he started coaching in his mid-20's, his first club being amateurs San José Obrero CF...
  
   (*1955), football coach.
• Gregorio Manzano (*1956), football coach.
• Antonio García Navajas
  Antonio García Navajas
  Antonio García Navajas is a former Spanish footballer who played as a defender.-Honours:Real Madrid*Spanish League: 1979–80*Spanish Cup: 1979–80, 1981–82Real Valladolid*Spanish League Cup: 1983–84...
  
   (*1958), international footballer.
• Luis Fernández
  Luis Fernández
  Luis Fernández is a Spanish-French footballer who played as a defender / midfielder. He retired as a player in 1993 to become a manager....
  
   (*1959), international footballer.
• Ricardo Serna
  Ricardo Serna
  Ricardo Jesús Serna Orozco is a retired Spanish footballer who played mostly as a central defender....
  
   (*1964), international footballer.
• Rafa Paz
  Rafael Paz
  Rafael 'Rafa' Paz Marín is a retired Spanish footballer who played mainly as a right midfielder.-Club career:...
  
   (*1965), footballer.
• Miguel Pardeza (*1965), international footballer.
• Lucas Alcaraz (*1966), football coach.
• Adolfo Aldana
  Adolfo Aldana
  Adolfo Aldana Torres is a retired Spanish footballer who played as a right midfielder.-Club career:...
  
   (*1966), international footballer.
• Fernando Hierro
  Fernando Hierro
  Fernando Ruiz Hierro is a retired Spanish footballer. He is mostly known for his spells with Real Madrid and Spain, appearing in more than 500 official games with the former and representing the latter on nearly 100 occasions, whilst appearing in four World Cups and two European...
  
   (*1968), international footballer.
• José María Quevedo
  José María Quevedo
  José María Quevedo García is a retired Spanish footballer who played mostly as a central midfielder.-Football career:...
  
   (*1969), footballer.
• Francisco Narváez, "Kiko" (*1972), international footballer.
• Luis Tevenet
  Luis Tevenet
  Luis García Tevenet is a retired Spanish footballer who played as a forward, and a current coach.In a 13-year professional career, spent mainly with Sevilla, he appeared in 359 matches in the two major divisions of Spanish football, scoring 70 goals.-Football career:Born in Seville, Andalusia, and...
  
   (*1974), footballer.
• Diego Tristán
  Diego Tristán
  Diego Tristán Herrera is a retired Spanish professional footballer.At his peak, he was considered amongst the best strikers in Europe, displaying a vast array of skills: dribble, shot accuracy, aerial ability and off-the-ball movements; he is best known for his Deportivo de La Coruña spell, where...
  
   (*1976), international footballer.
• Jesús Capitán, "Capi" (*1977), international footballer.
• José María Romero Poyón, "José Mari"
  José Mari
  José María Romero Poyón , aka José Mari, is a Spanish footballer who plays for Xerez CD as a forward or winger.-Club career:...
  
   (*1978), international footballer.
• Carlos Marchena
  Carlos Marchena
  Carlos Marchena López is a Spanish footballer who plays for Villarreal CF and the Spanish national team.Mainly a central defender with an aggressive approach, he can also pitch in as a defensive midfielder...
  
   (*1979), international footballer.
• Daniel Güiza
  Daniel Güiza
  Daniel González Güiza is a Spanish footballer who plays for Getafe CF in La Liga, as a striker.A late bloomer, he made a name for himself at the age of 27, being crowned La Liga topscorer with Mallorca...
  
   (*1980), international footballer.
• Joaquín
  Joaquín Sánchez Rodríguez
  Joaquín Sánchez Rodríguez , simply Joaquín, is a Spanish footballer who plays for Málaga CF.A right winger, he is well known for his flashy style of play, lightning quick pace, acceleration, excellent dribbling ability and pinpoint crossing.During his career, Joaquín was solely associated with...
  
   (*1981), international footballer.
• José Antonio Reyes
  José Antonio Reyes
  José Antonio Reyes Calderón is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Atlético Madrid.Mainly a left winger but also a forward, he made his professional debuts for hometown's Sevilla at only 16, signing with England's Arsenal aged 20.After a relatively successful career abroad, Reyes...
  
   (*1983), international footballer.
• Antonio Puerta
  Antonio Puerta
  Antonio José Puerta Pérez was a Spanish footballer who played solely for Sevilla.Mainly a left midfielder who could also operate as an offensive left back, he died on 28 August 2007, affected with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, three days after suffering a series of cardiac...
  
   (1984-2007), international footballer.
• Jesús Navas
  Jesús Navas
  Jesús Navas González is a Spanish footballer who plays for Sevilla FC in La Liga.A right winger who can play on the left flank on occasion, his main assets are his quick feet which also allow him to be very good at dribbling and an ability to run at opposing defenders.-Club career:Navas joined...
  
   (*1985), international footballer.
• Sergio Ramos
  Sérgio Ramos
  Sérgio Bruno Antunes Selores Ramos is a Portuguese basketball player.He measures 2.00 metres and plays as a Forward . He announced the end of his international career, after Portugal's exit from the EuroBasket 2007...
  
   (*1986), international footballer.
• Diego Capel
  Diego Capel
  Diego Ángel Capel Trinidad is a Spanish footballer who plays for Sporting Clube de Portugal in Portugal, as a left winger.-Sevilla:Groomed in Sevilla FC's youth system , Capel made his first professional appearance aged 16, playing three minutes in a 2–1 home win over Atlético Madrid, on 24...
  
   (*1988), international footballer.
• Sergio Ariel
  Sergio Ariel Escudero
  is a naturalized Japanese football player. Currently plays for Urawa Red Diamonds.-Biography:He was born to Argentine parents of Spanish descent in Spain, and thus held dual Argentine and Spanish citizenship. In 2007, he acquired Japanese citizenship automatically as a result of his father's...
  
   (*1988), international footballer.

Other Athletes

• Pedro Carrasco
  Pedro Carrasco
  Pedro Carrasco was a Spanish boxer whose fame transcended the boxing ring. During the 1970s, he was a media darling in Spain.Carrasco was crowned European Lightweight champion in 1967...
  
   (1943-2001), boxer.
• Manuel Orantes
  Manuel Orantes
  Manuel Orantes Corral was a tennis champion in the 1970s and 1980s. He won the US Open in 1975, beating defending champion Jimmy Connors in the final.-Career:...
  
   (*1949), tennis player, 2nd in ATP ranking and US Open winner.
• Juan Martínez Oliver
  Juan Martínez Oliver
  Juan Martínez Oliver is a former Spanish professional road bicycle racer. He won a stage in the 1988 Tour de France.- Palmarès :19871988- External links :*...
  
   (*1962), road bicycle racer.
• Miguel Ángel Jiménez
  Miguel Angel Jiménez
  Miguel Ángel Jiménez Rodríguez is a Spanish professional golfer. He has won 18 times on the European Tour.-Early years:...
  
   (*1964), golfer.
• Manuel Pancorbo
  Manuel Pancorbo
  Manuel Pancorbo Chica is a retired track and field athlete. He competed in the middle distances.Pancorbo represented his native country at two consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1992...
  
   (*1966), Olympic track and field athlete.
• Ignacio Rodríguez
  Ignacio Rodríguez
  Ignacio Rodríguez Marín is a Spanish basketball player. He played mostly for Unicaja Málaga and FC Barcelona Bàsquet teams from the Spanish ACB professional basketball league. He competed with Spain at the 2000 Summer Olympics, where the squad finished in 9th place...
  
   (*1970), Olympic basketballer.
• Antonio Carlos Ortega
  Antonio Carlos Ortega
  Antonio Carlos Ortega Pérez is a Spanish handball player. He competed in the 2000 Summer Olympics and in the 2004 Summer Olympics.He was born in Málaga....
  
   (*1971), Olympic handball player.
• Juan José Salvador
  Juan José Salvador
  Juan José Salvador Jiménez is a Spanish volleyball player who represented his native country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. There he finished ninth place with the Men's National Team.-References:...
  
   (*1975), international volleyball player.
• María José Rienda
  María José Rienda
  María José Rienda Contreras is a former World Cup alpine ski racer.Rienda won the last two giant slaloms of the 2005 season, the first victory for a Spanish ski racer since Blanca Fernández Ochoa in December 1991. Rienda has 6 World Cup victories, all in giant slalom.María Rienda represented Spain...
  
   (*1975), World Cup ski racer.
• Faustino Reyes
  Faustino Reyes
  Faustino Reyes López is a former boxer from Spain, who represented his native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain...
  
   (*1975), boxer, Olympic laureate.
• Paquillo Fernández
  Francisco Javier Fernández
  Francisco Javier Fernández Peláez is a Spanish race walker. He specializes in the 20 km race walk....
  
   (*1977), race walker, Olympic laureate.
• Antonio Jiménez Pentinel
  Antonio David Jiménez
  Antonio David Jiménez Pentinel is a Spanish long-distance runner.He won the gold medal in the 3000m steeplechase at the 2002 European Athletics Championships in Munich...
  
   (*1977), international long distance runner.
• Felipe Reyes
  Felipe Reyes
  Felipe Reyes Cabanas is a 2.06 m tall Spanish professional basketball player. His older brother Alfonso is also a former professional basketball player...
  
   (*1980), international basketballer.
• Berni Rodríguez
  Berni Rodríguez
  Bernardo Rodríguez Arias, nicknamed Berni Rodríguez is a Spanish professional basketball player. He is 1.97 m tall. He is currently playing with the pro club Unicaja Málaga.-Pro career:...
  
   (*1980), international basketballer.
• Carlos Cabezas
  Carlos Cabezas
  Carlos Eduardo Cabezas Jurado is a Spanish professional basketball player. He is the nephew of the former Uruguayan professional footballer Hugo Cabezas, who played in Spain in the late 70s. His father and his grandfather are also former Uruguayan professional basketball players. He is 1.87 m tall...
  
   (*1980), international basketballer.

Singers & Musicians

Music of Andalusia

The Music of Andalusia is very diverse and includes many external influences such as Arabic, Romani, Sephardic, Roman, and Christian.-Influence of Andalusian music:...

• Silverio Franconetti
  Silverio Franconetti
  Silverio Franconetti, also known simply as Silverio was a singer and the leading figure of the period in flamenco history known as The Golden Age, which was marked by the creation and definition of most musical forms or palos, the increasing professionalization of flamenco artists, and the shift...
  
   (1831-1889), flamenco singer.
• Juan Breva (1844-1918), flamenco singer.
• El Piyayo (1864-1940), flamenco singer and guitar player.
• Antonio Chacón
  Antonio Chacón
  Antonio Chacón was a Spanish flamenco singer [cantaor].Chacón began earning a living by performing flamenco around 1884. He toured Andalucia with his two friends, the Molina brothers - dancer Antonio Molina, and guitarist Javier Molina. He was later hired by Silverio Franconetti for his café in...
  
   (1869-1929), flamenco singer.
• Pepe Marchena
  Pepe Marchena
  José Tejada Marín known as Pepe Marchena, and also as Niño de Marchena in the first years of his career, was a flamenco singer who achieved great success in the ópera flamenca period...
  
   (1903-1976), flamenco singer.
• Miguel de Molina (1908-1993), flamenco singer and folk singer.
• Manolo Caracol
  Manolo Caracol
  Manuel Ortega Juárez. , was a flamenco cantaor.Born in Seville, Spain, he was descended from a long line of flamenco artists including Enrique Ortega and Curro Dulce, and he was possibly related to El Planeta and El Fillo...
  
   (1909-1963), flamenco singer.
• Antonio Mairena
  Antonio Mairena
  Antonio Cruz García, known as Antonio Mairena was a famous flamenco singer. He led the movement towards the revival of traditional flamenco in the fifties and subsequent decades....
  
   (1909-1983), flamenco singer.
• Niña de la Puebla
  Niña de la Puebla
  Dolores Jiménez Alcántara , known as "Niña de la Puebla " was one of the greatest flamenco and Andalusian copla singers....
  
   (1909-1999), flamenco and folk singer.
• Manolo el Malagueño (1912-1975), flamenco and folk singer.
• Juanito Valderrama
  Juan Valderrama
  Juan Valderrama Blanca was a Spanish flamenco and folk singer also known as Juanito Valderrama.Born in Torredelcampo, Juanito's recording career began in 1935 and lasted more than 60 years...
  
   (1916-2005), flamenco and folk singer.
• Lola Flores
  Lola Flores
  María Dolores "Lola" Flores Ruiz was a Spanish singer, dancer, and actress.- Professional career :Flores was born in Jerez de la Frontera, Cadiz . Although thought to be only part gypsy, she strongly identified with the Spanish gypsy culture...
  
   (1923-1995), flamenco singer and actress.
• Antonio Molina
  Antonio Molina
  Antonio Molina was born in Málaga, 9 March 1928 - Madrid, 18 March 1992. Flamenco and popular singer and actor in films and on theatrical stage. He had a high, brilliant voice, which he perhaps abused until he lost it prematurely. He was very popular starring in many theater shows. After a few...
  
   (1928-1992), flamenco and folk singer.
• Manolo Escobar
  Manolo Escobar
  Manuel "Manolo" García Escobar is a Spanish singer and actor. He may be best-known for his songs Y viva España, El porompompero and Mi carro....
  
   (*1931), folk singer.
• Fosforito
  Fosforito
  Antonio Fernández Díaz known as Fosforito, is a flamenco singer and winner of the fifth Golden Key of flamenco singing. Only five of these have been awarded since the award's inception in 1862...
  
   (*1932), flamenco singer.
• Juan Peña, "El Lebrijano"
  Lebrijano
  Juan Peña Fernández, also known as Juan Peña "El Lebrijano" or simply El Lebrijano is a Spanish Gitano musician, the nephew of Perrate de Utrera.- Biography:...
  
  , flamenco singer and musician.
• Enrique Morente
  Enrique Morente
  Enrique Morente Cotelo, known as Enrique Morente, was a flamenco singer and a controversial figure within the world of contemporary flamenco...
  
   (*1942), flamenco singer.
• Karina (*1943), singer.
• Raphael
  Raphael (singer)
  For the French singer Raphael see Raphaël HarocheMiguel Rafael Martos Sánchez , often simply referred to as Raphael, is a worldwide acclaimed Spanish singer and television, film and theatre actor...
  
   (*1943), folk singer.
• Carlos Cano (1946-2000), folk singer.
• Miguel Ríos
  Miguel Ríos
  Miguel Ríos is a Spanish singer, composer, actor. He is one of the pioneers of rock and roll in Spain.-Biography:...
  
   (*1946), singer and composer, one of the pioneers of rock'n'roll in Spain.
• Rocío Jurado
  Rocío Jurado
  María del Rocío Trinidad Mohedano Jurado , was a Spanish singer and actress. She was born in Chipiona, Cádiz, Spain and was nicknamed "La más grande" . Jurado was once married to boxer Pedro Carrasco, with whom she had a daughter, Rocío Carrasco...
  
   (1946-2006), folk singer and actress.
• Cristina Hoyos
  Cristina Hoyos
  Cristina Hoyos Panadero is a Spanish flamenco dancer, choreographer and actress, born in Seville. After several successes throughout the world with several companies and movies, she created her own dancing company and premiered with it in Rex Theatre of Paris in 1988...
  
   (*1946), flamenco dancer and choreographer.
• Joselito (*1947), folk singer.
• Paco de Lucía
  Paco de Lucía
  Paco de Lucía, born Francisco Sánchez Gómez , is a Spanish virtuoso flamenco guitarist and composer. He is considered by many to be one of the finest guitarists in the world and the greatest guitarist of the flamenco genre...
  
   (*1947), flamenco guitarist.
• Joaquín Sabina
  Joaquín Sabina
  Joaquín Ramón Martínez Sabina , known artistically as Joaquín Sabina, is a singer, songwriter, and poet. He has released fourteen studio albums, two live albums, and three compilation albums...
  
   (*1949), singer, composer and poet.
• María Jiménez
  María Jiménez
  María Jiménez Gallego is a popular Spanish singer, who started her career in tablaos María Jiménez Gallego (born 1951, Triana, Seville) is a popular Spanish singer, who started her career in tablaos María Jiménez Gallego (born 1951, Triana, Seville) is a popular Spanish singer, who started her...
  
   (*1950), singer.
• Camarón de la Isla
  Camarón de la Isla
  Camarón de la Isla , was the stage name of a spanish flamenco singer José Monje Cruz who is sometimes also credited as Camarón de la Isla....
  
   (1950-1992), flamenco singer.
• Carmen Linares
  Carmen Linares
  Carmen Linares is the stage name of Carmen Pacheco Rodríguez. Born in 1951 in Linares, Jaén Province, she is known as one of the finest flamenco singers in Spain.She came to Madrid with her family in 1965...
  
   (*1951), flamenco singer.
• José Mercé
  José Mercé
  José Mercé is a flamenco cantaor .He is the great-grandson of nineteenth-century seguiriya maestro Francisco Valencia, who received the nickname Paco la Luz....
  
   (*1955), flamenco singer.
• Isabel Pantoja
  Isabel Pantoja
  Isabel Pantoja is a popular contemporary Spanish singer. She is of Romani origin, born in the Triana district of Seville, Spain. She has released more than a dozen albums throughout a career spanning many decades, and is known for her distinctive Andalusian style.-Biography:She was born into a...
  
   (*1956), folk singer.
• Tito Alcedo (*1958), guitarist.
• Tomatito
  Tomatito
  José Fernández Torres, known as Tomatito , is a Spanish Romani flamenco guitarist. He grew up in a musical family, including two uncles: Niño Miguel, a flamenco guitarist, and Antonio, a professional guitarist....
  
   (*1958), flamenco guitarist.
• Chano Domínguez
  Chano Domínguez
  Chano Domínguez is a Latin jazz, post bop and flamenco jazz pianist. He began in the progressive rock group CAI before moving on to jazz...
  
   (*1960), flamenco jazz pianist.
• Remedios Amaya
  Remedios Amaya
  Remedios Amaya is a flamenco singer and former Eurovision Song Contest contestant. Amaya's first records, Luna nueva and Seda en mi piel were an example of flamenco-rock. She reappeared in 1997, alongside Vicente Amigo, with Turu Turai .-References:...
  
   (*1962), flamenco singer.
• Antonio Carmona (*1965), pop singer from Ketama band.
• 091, rock band from the 80's and 90's.
• Juan Antonio Canta (1966-1996), singer.
• Vicente Amigo
  Vicente Amigo
  Vicente Amigo Girol is a Spanish flamenco composer and virtuoso guitarist, born in Guadalcanal, near Seville. He has played as backing guitarist on recordings by flamenco singers El Pele, Camarón de la Isla, Vicente Soto, Luis de Córdoba and the rociero band Salmarina, and he has acted as a...
  
   (*1967), flamenco guitarist.
• Joaquín Cortés
  Joaquín Cortés
  Joaquín Pedraja Reyes "Joaquín Cortés" is a classically trained ballet and flamenco dancer from Spain of Romani origin.-Biography:...
  
   (*1969), flamenco dancer.
• Lole y Manuel
  Lole y Manuel
  Lole y Manuel is a Spanish musical duo which composed and performed innovative flamenco music. Their groundbreaking album Nuevo Dia fused traditional Spanish flamenco with Arabic rhythms and styles...
  
  , flamenco duo.
• Eva la Yerbabuena
  Eva Yerbabuena
  Eva Yerbabuena was born in Frankfurt, Germany in 1970, but fifteen days after her birth went back to live in her parents hometown in Granada, Spain.-Biography:...
  
   (*1970), flamenco dancer.
• El Koala
  El Koala
  Jesús Manuel Rodríguez, also known as El Koala , is a Spanish musician.He started in the music world in 1986, creating a punk-rock group called "Santos Putos". Later he got involved in several projects, including "Los Ducati" music group...
  
   (*1970), rock singer.
• Radio Tarifa
  Radio Tarifa
  Radio Tarifa was a Spanish World music ensemble combining Flamenco, Arab-Andalusian music, Arabian music, Moorish music and also influences of the Mediterranean, of the Middle Ages and of the Caribbean. The name of the ensemble comes from an imaginary radio station in Tarifa, a small town in the...
  
  , flamenco pop band.
• Sara Baras
  Sara Baras
  Sara Pereyra Baras is a female flamenco dancer, born in San Fernando, Cadiz, SpainShe is internationally famous and regularly tours the world. She was taught to dance by her mother, Concha Baras, who ran a dance school in Spain. She was gaining a reputation when she joined guitarist Manuel...
  
   (*1971), flamenco dancer.
• Triana
  Triana (band)
  Triana was a Spanish progressive rock band from the 70's and early 80's, heavily influenced by flamenco, hailing from Andalusia. It was composed of Jesús de la Rosa Luque , Eduardo Rodríguez Rodway and Juan José Palacios "Tele" .-History:The main goal of the band was to...
  
  , progressive rock band from the 70's and early 80's.
• Navajita Plateá, flamenco pop band.
• :es:Carlos Chaouen (*1974), singer.
• Niño Josele
  Niño Josele
  Niño Josele is a Spanish guitarist, and exponent of the New Flamenco style.His first two albums show a vibrant, pure, modern flamenco style....
  
   (*1974), flamenco guitarist.
• Tabletom, rock, blues, jazz and flamenco band from the 70's to now.
• José Rubio (*1978), power metal singer.
• Niña Pastori
  Niña Pastori
  Niña Pastori is a Spanish flamenco singer . She was born María Rosa García García in San Fernando on 15 January 1978. The youngest of five siblings and only daughter of a military man and gypsy flamenco singer 'La Pastori', she started her artistic career at a young age...
  
   (*1978), flamenco singer.
• Pastora Soler
  Pastora Soler
  Pastora Soler is an Spanish singer.A precocious chanteuse, she started singing coplas and flamenco songs at several events when she was a child. She has made versions of classical songs by León or Quiroga and worked with musicians like Carlos Jean...
  
   (*1978), folk singer.
• Falete
  Falete
  Rafael Ojeda Rojas alias Falete is a gay gypsy flamenco singer from Seville, Spain.His father is a member of the musical group Cantores de Híspalis, and he made his debut in the Teatro Lope de Vega, Seville when he was 15 years old, dedicating his performance to La Chunga.In the 1990s, he took...
  
   (*1978), folk singer.
• Nuria Fergó
  Nuria Fergó
  Nuria Fernández Gómez, Nuria Fergó, Nerja, April 18, 1979) is a Spanish singer and actress.She became famous thanks to Operación Triunfo. She has taken part in several TV programs and has released 4 albums...
  
   (*1979), folk singer.
• Rakel Winchester, pop band.
• Vega
  Vega (singer)
  Mercedes Mígel Carpio , alias Vega, is a Spanish singer-songwriter.Her interest in music started when she was a child. She studied Advertising and Public Relations in Segovia, where she also worked as a waitress. She left her university career to be a contestant in Operación Triunfo 2002, her...
  
   (*1979), pop singer.
• David Bisbal
  David Bisbal
  David Bisbal Ferré is a Grammy-winning Spanish pop singer. He gained his initial fame as a runner up on the interactive reality television show Operación Triunfo produced by TJ Hall....
  
   (*1979), singer and Latin Grammy Award laureate.
• Las Ketchup
  Las Ketchup
  Las Ketchup is a Latin Grammy Award nominated 4-girl group composed of sisters Lola Muñoz, Pilar Muñoz, Lucía Muñoz and Rocío Muñoz from Córdoba in Andalucia, Spain. They are the daughters of Juan Muñoz, a flamenco guitarist known as Tomatito , which is not the same as famous and virtuoso flamenco...
  
  , flamenco pop band, Latin Grammy Award nominees.
• Chambao
  Chambao
  Chambao is a flamenco-electronic band originally from Málaga, Andalusia, Spain, known for a Flamenco Chill sound that fuses flamenco sounds and palos with electronic music...
  
  , flamenco-chill band.
• Andy & Lucas
  Andy & Lucas
  Andy & Lucas is a popular Spanish Flamenco-inspired pop duo originally from the province of Cádiz in Spain. The band consists of Andrés Morales and Lucas González, who first knew each other as neighbours and friends in their Cádiz neighborhood of La Laguna....
  
  , flamenco pop band.
• Estrella Morente
  Estrella Morente
  Estrella Morente is a Spanish flamenco singer. She was born on August 14, 1980 in Las Gabias, Granada Province in southern Spain...
  
   (*1980), flamenco singer.
• Rosa López
  Rosa López
  Rosa López, , is a Spanish singer. She came to fame in 2001 as part of the reality show "Operación Triunfo", she represented Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002. She has subsequently released five studio albums, an album on DVD and ten singles.She has been awarded several times throughout her...
  
   (*1981), pop singer.
• Manuel Carrasco
  Manuel Carrasco
  Manuel Carrasco Galloso is a Spanish pop singer from Isla Cristina, Spain. He rose to fame during his participation in the second edition of the Spanish reality TV program, "Operación Triunfo," where he finished second...
  
   (*1981), pop singer.
• Medina Azahara
  Medina Azahara
  Medina Azahara is the ruins of a vast, fortified Arab Muslim medieval palace-city built by Abd-ar-Rahman III al-Nasir, Ummayad Caliph of Córdoba, and located on the western outskirts of Córdoba, Spain. It was an Arab Muslim medieval town and the de-facto capital of al-Andalus, or Muslim Spain, as...
  
  , rock band from the 80's and 90's.
• Los del Río
  Los del Río
  Los Del Rio, also known as "The Del Rios," was a Spanish Latin dance group formed in 1992 and broke up in mid-2007. They were best known by their smash-hit and hot dance single Macarena originally released in early 1994. The song peaked at the Hot Dance Singles and Billboard 200 by mid-1994. The...
  
  , folk duo from the 90's.

See also

• Andalusian cuisine
  Andalusian cuisine
  Andalusian cuisine is rather varied, corresponding to a region that is itself extensive and varied. Notwithstanding that, the cuisine of Andalusia is characterized by gazpacho, fried fish , the jamones of Jabugo, Valle de los Pedroches and Trevélez, and the wines of Jerez, particularly...
  
  
• Andalusian nationalism
  Andalusian nationalism
  Andalusian nationalism or Andalusian regionalism, sometimes referred as Andalucismo in Spanish, is the name given to the political movement in Spain advocating the recognition of Andalusian people as a "nation". It is considered to be represented primarily by the Andalusian Party but there are also...
  
  
• List of Andalusians
• Music of Andalusia
  Music of Andalusia
  The Music of Andalusia is very diverse and includes many external influences such as Arabic, Romani, Sephardic, Roman, and Christian.-Influence of Andalusian music:...
  
  
• Nationalities in Spain
  Nationalities in Spain
  Historically, the modern country of Spain was formed after the process known as Reconquista.Several independent Christian Kingdoms and political entities mostly independent were formed by their own inhabitants efforts under aristocrat leadership and coexisted with the Muslim Iberian states and had...
  
  
• Spanish people
  Spanish people
  The Spanish are citizens of the Kingdom of Spain. Within Spain, there are also a number of vigorous nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history....