Constabulary

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Constabulary

Constabulary may have several definitions.

A partial list of constabulary around the world:

and United States British Commonwealth Others:

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Encyclopedia

Constabulary may have several definitions.

A civil, non-paramilitary police
Police

Police are agents or agencies, usually of the executive , empowered to enforce the law and to ensure public and social order through the legitimized use of force....
force consisting of police officers called constable
Constable

A constable is a person holding a particular office, most commonly in Police. The office of constable can vary significantly in different jurisdictions....
s. This is the usual definition in Britain
United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
, in which all county
County

A county is a land area of Local government government within a larger state. A county may have city and towns within its area....
police forces once bore the title (and some still do). See: Law enforcement in the United Kingdom.

A large civil police force organized and trained along military lines, which may contain paramilitary
Paramilitary

A paramilitary is a force whose function and organisation are similar to those of a professional military force, but which is not regarded as having the same status....
elements. This is the usual definition in places outside of Great Britain
Great Britain

Great Britain is an island lying to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the List of islands by area, and the largest in Europe. With a population of 58.9 million people it is List of islands by population....
(e.g., Royal Irish Constabulary
Royal Irish Constabulary

The armed Royal Irish Constabulary was Ireland's major police force for most of the nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries. A separate civic police force, the unarmed Dublin Metropolitan Police controlled the capital....
, Royal Ulster Constabulary
Royal Ulster Constabulary

The Royal Ulster Constabulary George Cross was the name of the police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2001. It was founded on 1 June 1922 out of the Royal Irish Constabulary , the Belfast Borough Police Force and the Londonderry Borough Police Force ....
, Royal Newfoundland Constabulary
Royal Newfoundland Constabulary

The Royal Newfoundland Constabulary is a police force in the Canada Provinces and territories of Canada of Newfoundland and Labrador. It provides policing to the communities of St....
, Royal Canadian Mounted Police
Royal Canadian Mounted Police

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is the federal police, national police, and paramilitary police force of Canada, and one of the most recognized of its kind in the world....
, Pennsylvania Constabulary
Pennsylvania State Police

The Pennsylvania State Police is the state police force of Pennsylvania, responsible for statewide law enforcement. It was founded in 1905 by order of Governor Samuel W....
, Jamaica Constabulary Force
Jamaica Constabulary Force

The Jamaica Constabulary Force is the police force of the island nation of Jamaica. Establishment of the JCF is 9930 plus fifty five supernumerary positions making a total of 9985, but the current strength is 8441....
etc.). These were based on the French Gendarmerie, originally consisting of military
Military

A military is an organization authorized by its nation to use force, usually including use of weapons, in defending its country by combating actual or Threat of force ....
personnel seconded to or recruited directly to the constabulary or military veterans and later became all civilian forces after they were well established.

A military or para-military type force consisting of soldiers trained for police duties. These were mostly established by the United States
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
in the several countries over which it had protective status (e.g., Philippine Constabulary
Philippine Constabulary

The 'Philippine Constabulary' was the oldest of the four service commands of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. It was a gendarmerie type para-military police force of the Philippines established in 1901 by the United States-appointed administrative authority....
, United States Constabulary
United States Constabulary

The United States Constabulary was a United States Army military Constabulary force. From 1946 to 1952, in the aftermath of World War II, it acted as an occupation and security force in the Allied Occupation Zones in Germany of West Germany and Austria....
in West Germany
West Germany

West Germany was the common English name for the Germany , from its formation in May 1949 to German reunification in October 1990, when East Germany was dissolved and its States of Germany became part of the Federal Republic, ending the more than 40-year division of Germany....
after World War II
World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a Participants in World War II, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II and the Axis powers....
, Nicaraguan National Guard, Panama National Guard). These forces also performed military functions by maintaining "mobile forces" of organised units. In Europe such forces are called Gendarmerie
Gendarmerie

A gendarmerie or gendarmery is a military body charged with police duties among civilian populations. The members of such a body are called gendarmes....
s, Carabinieri
Carabinieri

The Arma dei Carabinieri is the national gendarmerie of Italy, policing both the military and civilian populations. The Carabinieri is now a branch of armed forces , thus ending their long standing role as the first corps of the Italian army....
(in Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
) or Guardia Civil (in Spain
Spain

Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....
).

A partial list of constabulary around the world:

Royal Gibraltar Police
Royal Gibraltar Police

The Royal Gibraltar Police is, along with the Gibraltar Customs, the principal civilian law enforcement agency in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar....
Isle of Man Constabulary
Isle of Man Constabulary

The Isle of Man Constabulary is the organisation responsible for policing the Isle of Man, an island of 80,000 inhabitants situated equidistant from Ireland, Wales, Scotland and England....
Civil Nuclear Constabulary
Civil Nuclear Constabulary

The Civil Nuclear Constabulary is a Special police#United Kingdom responsible for providing law enforcement and security at Nuclear power in the United Kingdom installations and substances throughout the United Kingdom....
Belfast International Airport Constabulary
Belfast International Airport Constabulary

The Belfast International Airport Constabulary is a small, specialised police force responsible for policing Belfast International Airport, Northern Ireland....
Dumfries and Galloway Constabulary
Dumfries and Galloway Constabulary

Dumfries and Galloway Constabulary is the police service for the subdivisions of Scotland of Dumfries and Galloway in Scotland. It is the smallest Police Force in the United Kingdom....
Fife Constabulary
Fife Constabulary

'Fife Constabulary' is the police force for the Scotland subdivisions of Scotland of Fife.The area policed by Fife Constabulary has a resident population of just over 350,000, almost a third of whom live in one of the three principal towns of Dunfermline, Kirkcaldy and Glenrothes....
Northern Constabulary
Northern Constabulary

The Northern Constabulary is the police force responsible for Northern Scotland Scotland, covering the Council areas of Scotland of Highland , Na h-Eileanan Siar, the Orkney Isles and the Shetland Isles, which comprise most of the Highlands and Islands area....
(Wandsworth Police)
Mexican Rurales
Rurales

Rurales was the name commonly used to designate the Mexico Guardia Rural : a force of mounted police or gendarmerie that existed between 1861 and 1914....
during the administration of president Porfirio Díaz
Porfirio Díaz

Jos? de la Cruz Porfirio D?az Mori was a Mexico politician who would later become the President of Mexico from 1876 to 1880 and from 1884 to 1911, and one of the most controversial figures of the country....
(1876–1911).

Historic

Ireland

Royal Irish Constabulary
Royal Irish Constabulary

The armed Royal Irish Constabulary was Ireland's major police force for most of the nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries. A separate civic police force, the unarmed Dublin Metropolitan Police controlled the capital....
- Britain's paramilitary police force in Ireland
Ireland

Ireland is the List of islands by area in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islet....
from 1822 - 1922.
Royal Ulster Constabulary
Royal Ulster Constabulary

The Royal Ulster Constabulary George Cross was the name of the police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2001. It was founded on 1 June 1922 out of the Royal Irish Constabulary , the Belfast Borough Police Force and the Londonderry Borough Police Force ....
- Britain's paramilitary police force in Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland

conventional_long_name = Northern Ireland|native_name= Tuaisceart ?ireannNorlin Airlann|motto =|image_map = Europe location N-IRL2.png...
from 1922 - 2001 when it was reformed as the Police Service of Northern Ireland
Police Service of Northern Ireland

The Police Service of Northern Ireland George Cross is the police service that covers Northern Ireland. It is the successor to the Royal Ulster Constabulary a controversial police force which , in turn, was the successor to the Royal Irish Constabulary....
.
Ulster Special Constabulary
Ulster Special Constabulary

The Ulster Special Constabulary was a reserve police force in Northern Ireland viewed with great mistrust by nationalists who claimed, with some proven justification, that the force was anti-Catholic....
- Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland

conventional_long_name = Northern Ireland|native_name= Tuaisceart ?ireannNorlin Airlann|motto =|image_map = Europe location N-IRL2.png...
reserve police force from 1920 until it was disbanded in 1970.

United States

United States Constabulary
United States Constabulary

The United States Constabulary was a United States Army military Constabulary force. From 1946 to 1952, in the aftermath of World War II, it acted as an occupation and security force in the Allied Occupation Zones in Germany of West Germany and Austria....
- United States Army
United States Army

The United States Army is the branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for Army operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S....
military gendarmerie
Gendarmerie

A gendarmerie or gendarmery is a military body charged with police duties among civilian populations. The members of such a body are called gendarmes....
force. From 1946 to 1952, in the aftermath of World War II, it acted as an occupation and security force in the U.S. Occupation Zone of West Germany
West Germany

West Germany was the common English name for the Germany , from its formation in May 1949 to German reunification in October 1990, when East Germany was dissolved and its States of Germany became part of the Federal Republic, ending the more than 40-year division of Germany....
and Austria
Austria

Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west....
.
Arizona Rangers
Arizona Rangers

The Arizona Rangers was an Arizona law enforcement agency modeled on the Texas Ranger Division. The Arizona Rangers were created by the Arizona Territorial Legislature in 1901, disbanded in 1909, and were subsequently reformed in 1957....
- existed from 1901 - 1909 and reformed as the auxiliary branch of the Arizona Highway Patrol in 1957
California State Rangers
California State Rangers

The California State Rangers was California's first state wide law enforcement agency formed in 1854 to deal with gangs during the mid 1850s. The force was disbanded and officers later formed the California State Police....
- existed from 1854 - 1887 when it was merged into the California State Police
California State Police

The California State Police was a security police agency founded in 1887 which served to protect the California State Capitol, the Governor of California and other state agencies located throughout the state....
which in turn was merged with the California Highway Patrol
California Highway Patrol

The California Highway Patrol is the state police force of California. It was originally created in 1929 as a highway patrol agency to ensure road safety in California but assumed greater responsibility with the passage of time....
in 1995
New Mexico Mounted Police - now part of the New Mexico State Police
New Mexico State Police

The New Mexico State Police is the state police agency for New Mexico, which has jurisdiction anywhere in the state. It was created to protect the lives, property and constitutional rights of people in New Mexico....
Massachusetts State Police
Massachusetts State Police

The Massachusetts State Police is an agency of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts' Executive Office of Public Safety responsible for criminal law enforcement and traffic vehicle regulation across the state....
- very paramilitary in its early years. Now totally demilitarized outside of the training academy.
Pennsylvania Constabulary - now called the Pennsylvania State Police
Pennsylvania State Police

The Pennsylvania State Police is the state police force of Pennsylvania, responsible for statewide law enforcement. It was founded in 1905 by order of Governor Samuel W....

British Commonwealth

Royal Hong Kong Police Force - Britain's paramilitary police force in Hong Kong from 1844 until the 1997 transfer of sovereignty to the People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

The People's Republic of China , commonly known as China, is the largest country in East Asia and the List of countries by population in the world with over 1.3 billion people, approximately a fifth of the world's population....
.
British South Africa Police
British South Africa Police

The British South Africa Police was the police force of the British South Africa Company of Cecil Rhodes which became the national police force of Southern Rhodesia and its successor after 1965, Rhodesia ....
South African Police
South African Police

The South African Police traces its origin to the The Netherlands Watch, a paramilitary organization formed by settlers in the Cape Province in 1655, initially to protect civilians against attack and later to maintain law and order....
of the Apartheid era.
Southwest African Police - paramilitary police force of South African occupied Southwest Africa (now called Namibia
Namibia

Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in southern Africa on the Atlantic Ocean coast. It shares borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east, and South Africa to the south....
) from 1915 - 90.

Others:

Philippine Constabulary
Philippine Constabulary

The 'Philippine Constabulary' was the oldest of the four service commands of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. It was a gendarmerie type para-military police force of the Philippines established in 1901 by the United States-appointed administrative authority....
- now called the Philippine National Police
Philippine National Police

The Philippine National Police is the national police force of the Republic of the Philippines. It is both a national and a local police force in that it provides all law enforcement services throughout the Philippines....
since 1991.