Francisco Giner de los Ríos
Encyclopedia
Francisco Giner de los Ríos (October 10, 1839 in Ronda
Ronda
Ronda is a city in Spanish province of Málaga. It is located about West from the city of Málaga, within the autonomous community of Andalusia. Its population is approximately 35,000 inhabitants.-History:...

, Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

 – February 17, 1915 in Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...

) was a philosopher, educator and one of the most influential Spanish intellectuals at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century.

He studied philosophy in Barcelona and Granada and eventually became professor of the philosophy of law and of international law at the University of Madrid
University of Madrid
The Complutense University of Madrid is a public university in Madrid, Spain, and one of the oldest universities in the world.The University of Madrid may also refer to:* The Autonomous University of Madrid, a public university founded in 1968...

. He was strongly influenced by the ideas of the Kantian German philosopher Karl Christian Friedrich Krause
Karl Christian Friedrich Krause
Karl Christian Friedrich Krause was a German philosopher, born at Eisenberg, Thuringia.-Education and Life:...

 (as imported into Spain by Julián Sanz del Río and became an important exponent of "Krausismo" in Spain. He openly critizised the government for its attempts to stifle academic freedom. As a consequence, in 1875, he lost his chair at the university. This in turn led to what can be seen as his major achievement: the foundation, in 1876, of the "Institución Libre de Enseñanza" (Institute of free teaching), a private school of higher learning. In this context, he dedicated his life to the formation of human beings along the following lines: coeducation; rationalism; freedom of teaching and research; freedom of literary communication etcetera. The goal was a society where free citizens would be governed by free citizens on the basis of an adequate education. Because of his "rational realist" approach to law, he can also be seen as one of the forerunners of the sociology of law
Sociology of law
The sociology of law is often described as a sub-discipline of sociology or an interdisciplinary approach within legal studies...

.
Giner continued his work outside the university, even after being reinstated in his university chair in 1881. Among the many important people that were at one time or another associated with the "Institución Libre de Enseñanza" and the related "Residencia de Estudiantes" (student residence) were: José Ortega y Gasset
José Ortega y Gasset
José Ortega y Gasset was a Spanish liberal philosopher and essayist working during the first half of the 20th century while Spain oscillated between monarchy, republicanism and dictatorship. He was, along with Nietzsche, a proponent of the idea of perspectivism.-Biography:José Ortega y Gasset was...

, Federico García Lorca
Federico García Lorca
Federico del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús García Lorca was a Spanish poet, dramatist and theatre director. García Lorca achieved international recognition as an emblematic member of the Generation of '27. He is believed to be one of thousands who were summarily shot by anti-communist death squads...

, Salvador Dalí
Salvador Dalí
Salvador Domènec Felip Jacint Dalí i Domènech, Marquis de Púbol , commonly known as Salvador Dalí , was a prominent Spanish Catalan surrealist painter born in Figueres,Spain....

, Antonio Machado
Antonio Machado
Antonio Cipriano José María y Francisco de Santa Ana Machado y Ruiz, known as Antonio Machado was a Spanish poet and one of the leading figures of the Spanish literary movement known as the Generation of '98....

, Luis Buñuel
Luis Buñuel
Luis Buñuel Portolés was a Spanish-born filmmaker — later a naturalized citizen of Mexico — who worked in Spain, Mexico, France and the US..-Early years:...

 and Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo was a Spanish essayist, novelist, poet, playwright and philosopher.-Biography:...

.

English language literature on Giner

  • Solomon Lipp: Francisco Giner de los Ríos. A Spanish Socrates. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfried Laurier 1985.
  • J.B. Trend: The Origins of Modern Spain. New York: The Macmillan Company 1934.


For more details and publications go to the Spanish Wikipedia.
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