Jerzy Jeszke
Encyclopedia
Jerzy Jeszke, born November in Bytów
Bytów
Bytów is a town in the Middle Pomerania region of northern Poland in the Bytów Lakeland with 16,888 inhabitants . Previously in Słupsk Voivodeship , it is the capital of Bytów County in Pomeranian Voivodeship .-History:...

, is a Polish
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

 actor and singer.

Life And Work

He started his four-year-long studies of acting and singing at the "Studio" Danuta Baduszkowa in 1976 and completed it with honours in 1980. At the age of 17, he started his career in Poland (from 1976 to 1987 – musical theatre in Gdynia, State Operetta (now: Teatr ROMA) in Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...

, musical theatre in Chorzów
Chorzów
Chorzów is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. Chorzów is one of the central districts of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union - a metropolis with a population of 2 million...

 and State Opera in Wrocław). From 1987 until 1992 he had his first engagement outside Poland, first as a choir and single singer, from 1990 as a solo artist at the music theatre in Oberhausen
Oberhausen
Oberhausen is a city on the river Emscher in the Ruhr Area, Germany, located between Duisburg and Essen . The city hosts the International Short Film Festival Oberhausen and its Gasometer Oberhausen is an anchor point of the European Route of Industrial Heritage. It is also well known for the...

, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

, so he moved there. In 1994, on the occasion of the final casting lead by Sir Cameron Mackintosh in London, Jerzy Jeszke was chosen as "The Engineer" for the German première of "Miss Saig[on" in Stuttgart
Stuttgart
Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....

, first as alternate, then as first cast of this role.

In 1996, he appeared as first cast in the role of "Jean Valjean
Jean Valjean
Jean Valjean is the protagonist of Victor Hugo's 1862 novel Les Misérables...

" at the German first performance of "Les Misérables" at the “Musical Theatre” in Duisburg
Duisburg
- History :A legend recorded by Johannes Aventinus holds that Duisburg, was built by the eponymous Tuisto, mythical progenitor of Germans, ca. 2395 BC...

. and received Tony Award
Tony Award
The Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre, more commonly known as a Tony Award, recognizes achievement in live Broadway theatre. The awards are presented by the American Theatre Wing and The Broadway League at an annual ceremony in New York City. The awards are given for Broadway...

 (1996, Best Musical). At the international gala because of the 10th anniversary of the musical "Les Misérables" which took place in 1995 at the Royal Albert Hall
Royal Albert Hall
The Royal Albert Hall is a concert hall situated on the northern edge of the South Kensington area, in the City of Westminster, London, England, best known for holding the annual summer Proms concerts since 1941....

 in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...

, he represented Germany in the same role, so did he at the opening event of the Football European-Championship’s final game 1996 at the Wembley Stadium
Wembley Stadium
The original Wembley Stadium, officially known as the Empire Stadium, was a football stadium in Wembley, a suburb of north-west London, standing on the site now occupied by the new Wembley Stadium that opened in 2007...

 in London, where he was one of 17 world’s "Jean Valjean"-actors. In 1997, he was "Jean Valjean" as a guest-star in the Polish production by Sir Cameron Mackintosh at the musical theatre in Gdynia.
From March 1998, he could have been seen as guest-star in the title role of the "The Phantom of the Opera
The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)
The Phantom of the Opera is a musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber, based on the French novel Le Fantôme de l'Opéra by Gaston Leroux.The music was composed by Lloyd Webber, and most lyrics were written by Charles Hart, with additional lyrics by Richard Stilgoe. Alan Jay Lerner was an early collaborator,...

" in Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...

.
Later in 1998 he succeeded in the "The Phantom of the Opera"-casting in Hamburg, which has being held on Broadway
Broadway theatre
Broadway theatre, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 40 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theatre District centered along Broadway, and in Lincoln Center, in Manhattan in New York City...

 (New York City). He was chosen to play the "Phantom" as first cast in this musical at the theatre "Neue Flora", Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...

, starting in January 1999.

At the beginning of 2002, Jerzy Jeszke played as a guest-star the role of the "Engineer" in "Miss Saigon" at the musical theatre ROMA in Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...

, Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

. In October 2002, he took part in the world première of the musical production "The Castle" in Nuremberg
Nuremberg
Nuremberg[p] is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. Situated on the Pegnitz river and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal, it is located about north of Munich and is Franconia's largest city. The population is 505,664...

, Germany, the world’s first première, in which he appeared in the role of "King Duncan
King Duncan
King Duncan is a fictional character in Shakespeare's Macbeth. He is the father of two youthful sons , and the victim of a well-plotted regicide in a power grab by his trusted captain Macbeth...

". From March 2003, he could have been seen as first cast in the role of "Jean Valjean" in the new production of "Les Misérables" at the "Anhaltisches Theater" in Dessau
Dessau
Dessau is a town in Germany on the junction of the rivers Mulde and Elbe, in the Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt. Since 1 July 2007, it is part of the merged town Dessau-Roßlau. Population of Dessau proper: 77,973 .-Geography:...

.
Starting in December 2003 he played the role of "Chagal" as first cast in the new production of the cult musical "The fearless Vampire Killers" (production: Stage Holding) under the direction of Roman Polanski
Roman Polanski
Roman Polanski is a French-Polish film director, producer, writer and actor. Having made films in Poland, Britain, France and the USA, he is considered one of the few "truly international filmmakers."...

 at the "Theater Neue Flora" in Hamburg.

Jerzy Jeszke decided in 2006 to make a new artistic experience without comfort and glamour. He performed as a street artist for poor and homeless people in many European cities. In the beginning of 2007 he transferred his artistic interest towards Iberia. On the island of Majorca he presented several times his live solo programme "Broadway Show", also for the José-Carreras-Foundation. From October 2007 he has been on stage as "Chagal" at the "Theater des Westens" in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...

 (production: Stage Entertainment
Stage Entertainment
The musical production company Stage Entertainment is based in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It has a very successful subsidiary in Germany based in Hamburg which almost has a monopoly in Germany.- History :...

). At the same time, he played as guest the role of "Jesus" in "Jesus Christ Superstar
Jesus Christ Superstar
Jesus Christ Superstar is a rock opera by Andrew Lloyd Webber, with lyrics by Tim Rice. The musical started off as a rock opera concept recording before its first staging on Broadway in 1971...

" at the "Musikalische Komödie" in Leipzig
Leipzig
Leipzig Leipzig has always been a trade city, situated during the time of the Holy Roman Empire at the intersection of the Via Regia and Via Imperii, two important trade routes. At one time, Leipzig was one of the major European centres of learning and culture in fields such as music and publishing...

. He played the "Chagal" as first cast in "The fearless vampire killers
Dance of the Vampires
Dance of the Vampires is a musical remake of a 1967 Roman Polanski film of the same name . Polanski also directed the original German production of this musical...

" by Roman Polanski (production: Stage Entertainment): from November 2008 to January 2010 at the "Metronom Theater" in Oberhausen and from February to September 2010 at the "Palladium Theater" in Stuttgart. Besides, he appeared – as during the season 2007/2008 – in the role of the "King" in the musical "The King and I
The King and I
The King and I is a stage musical, the fifth by the team of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II. The work is based on the 1944 novel Anna and the King of Siam by Margaret Landon and derives from the memoirs of Anna Leonowens, who became governess to the children of King Mongkut of Siam in...

" at the "Anhaltisches Theater" in Dessau.
In 2010/2011 he played as a guest-star the role of "King Arthur" in the Polish first première of Monty Python’s Broadway musical hit "Spamalot
Spamalot
Monty Python's Spamalot is a musical comedy "lovingly ripped off from" the 1975 film Monty Python and the Holy Grail. Like the film, it is a highly irreverent parody of the Arthurian Legend, but it differs from the film in many ways, especially in its parodies of Broadway theatre...

" at the musical theatre in Gdynia.
On November 2011 appeared on TVN television series "Warsaw Pact" as "Wolf".

Jerzy Jeszke founded the Jerzy Jeszke Art Foundation. A nonprofit organization helps and supports young and talented artists.

Repertoire And Engagements

The repertoire of Jerzy Jeszke ranges from chansons to musicals and opera, to rock and pop music. Engagements and concerts in Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

, Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

, the Netherlands, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

, Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

, Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...

, Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...

, Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

, Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...

, the Czech Republic, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...

, Tunisia
Tunisia
Tunisia , officially the Tunisian RepublicThe long name of Tunisia in other languages used in the country is: , is the northernmost country in Africa. It is a Maghreb country and is bordered by Algeria to the west, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Its area...

 and Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...

 have been stations in his current career.

Since his debut as an 17-year-old till today Jerzy Jeszke has been performed in over 60 premières in over six languages, in the opera as well as in the modern musical. He played among others the "David" in the musical "Seesaw
Seesaw (musical)
Seesaw is a musical with a book by Michael Bennett, music by Cy Coleman, and lyrics by Dorothy Fields.Based on the William Gibson play Two for the Seesaw, the plot focuses on a brief affair between Jerry Ryan, a young lawyer from Nebraska, and Gittel Mosca, a kooky, streetwise dancer from the Bronx...

" by Cy Coleman, "Judas" in "Jesus Christ Superstar
Jesus Christ Superstar
Jesus Christ Superstar is a rock opera by Andrew Lloyd Webber, with lyrics by Tim Rice. The musical started off as a rock opera concept recording before its first staging on Broadway in 1971...

" by Andrew Lloyd Webber, "Prince Sou-Chong" in "The Land of Smiles
The Land of Smiles
The Land of Smiles is a romantic operetta in three acts by Franz Lehár. The German language libretto was by Ludwig Herzer and Fritz Löhner. The performance time is about 100 minutes....

" by Franz Lehar, "Caramello" in "One night in Venice
Eine Nacht in Venedig
Eine Nacht in Venedig is an operetta in three acts by Johann Strauss II and was premiered in Berlin on 3 October 1883 in the Neues Friedrich Wilhelmstadisches Theater, and is the only one of the operettas of Johann Strauss II ever to be premiered outside Vienna...

" by Richard Strauss, "Pinkerton" in "Madame Butterfly" by Puccini, "Jontek" in "Halka
Halka
Halka is an opera by the Polish composer Stanisław Moniuszko. The libretto was by Wlodzimierz Wolski , a young Warsaw poet with radical social views. It is part of the canon of Polish national operas.-Performance history:...

" by Moniuszko and "Hoffmann" in "The Tales of Hoffmann" by Jacques Offenbach.

Besides appearances in television and radio Jerzy Jeszke sang at numerous national and international galas (Royal Albert Hall
Royal Albert Hall
The Royal Albert Hall is a concert hall situated on the northern edge of the South Kensington area, in the City of Westminster, London, England, best known for holding the annual summer Proms concerts since 1941....

; Wembley Stadium
Wembley Stadium
The original Wembley Stadium, officially known as the Empire Stadium, was a football stadium in Wembley, a suburb of north-west London, standing on the site now occupied by the new Wembley Stadium that opened in 2007...

, London; Congress Hall, Warsaw; Castel Gandolfo
Castel Gandolfo
Castel Gandolfo is a small Italian town or comune in Lazio that occupies a height overlooking Lake Albano about 15 miles south-east of Rome, on the Alban Hills. It is best known as the summer residence of the Pope. It is an Italian town with the population of 8834...

, Rome; Schloss Bellevue
Schloss Bellevue
Schloss Bellevue is the official residence of the President of Germany since 1994. The palace in the central Tiergarten district of Berlin is situated on the northern edge of the Großer Tiergarten park, on the banks of the Spree river, near the Berlin Victory Column...

, Berlin; José Carreras foundation, Majorca).

He was exclusively engaged for Pope John Paul II, Roman Herzog
Roman Herzog
Roman Herzog is a German politician as a member of the Christian Democratic Union, and served as President of Germany from 1994 to 1999...

, Michail Gorbatschow
Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev is a former Soviet statesman, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991, and as the last head of state of the USSR, having served from 1988 until its dissolution in 1991...

, Lech Wałęsa and US-senator Zbigniew Brzezinski
Zbigniew Brzezinski
Zbigniew Kazimierz Brzezinski is a Polish American political scientist, geostrategist, and statesman who served as United States National Security Advisor to President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1981....

.

The music of Jerzy Jeszke can be heard on the CD of the German production of "Les Misérables" as "Jean Valjean" and on his own CDs "Who I am?" and "Tell me why?" with the greatest hits of musicals, pop-classic and classic. A new solo CD with rock opera music is being prepared for 2011.

Actor's Path

Year Name of the Play Role Place of the Play
2010 - 2011 Spamalot "King Arthur" Teatr Muzyczny, Gdynia, PL
02/2010 - 09/2010 The fearless Vampire Killers “Chagal” Palladium-Theater, Stuttgart, D
11/2008 - 02/2010 The fearless Vampire Killers “Chagal” Metronom-Theater, Oberhausen, D
2007-2008 The fearless Vampire Killers “Chagal” Theater des Westens, Berlin, D
2007-2009 The King and I “King” Anhaltisches Theater, Dessau, D
2007-2008 Jesus Christ Superstar “Jesus” Musikalische Komödie, Leipzig, D
2003–2008 Les Misérables “Jean Valjean“ Anhaltisches Theater, Dessau, D
2003–2006 The fearless Vampire Killers “Chagal” Theater Neue Flora, Hamburg, D
2003–2004 Les Misérables "Jean Valjean" Landestheater Detmold, D
2002–2003 The Castle "King Duncan" Theater Nuremberg, D
2002 Miss Saigon "Engineer" Theatre ROMA Warsaw, PL
1999–2001 The Phantom of the Opera "Phantom" Theater Neue Flora, Hamburg, D
1998 The Phantom of the Opera “Phantom” (guest) Theater Neue Flora, Hamburg, D
1997 Les Misérables “Jean Valjean” (guest) Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1996–1998 Les Misérables “Jean Valjean” Musicaltheatre Duisburg, D
08/10/1995 Les Misérables “Jean Valjean” (guest) Royal Albert Hall, London, GB
1994–1995 Miss Saigon “Engineer” Musical-Hall Apollo-Theater, Stuttgart, D
1993 The Land of Smiles “Prince Sou-Chong” Städtisches Theater, Oberhausen, D
1993 Rise and Fall of the City Mahagonny "Jimmy Mahoney" Musicaltheater Dresden, D
1992 The Tales of Hoffmann “Hoffmann” (guest) Spanga, Netherlands
1992 The Marriage of Figaro “Don Basilio / Don Curzio” (guest) Opera Obihiro, Japan
1991 The Land of Smiles “Prince Sou Chong” Städtisches Theater, Oberhausen, D
1991 The Christmas Story “Bob Cratchit” Städtisches Theater, Oberhausen, D
1991 Romeo and Julia “Tybald” Städtisches Theater, Oberhausen, D
1990 Halka “Jontek” Städtisches Theater, Oberhausen, D
1989 Madame Favart “Hector” Städtisches Theater, Oberhausen, D
1989 Fidelio “Prisoner” Städtisches Theater, Oberhausen, D
1987 Fallstaff “Dr. Cajus” Städtisches Theater, Oberhausen, D
1987 Jesus Christ Superstar “Judasz” (guest) Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1986 Madame Butterfly “Pinkerton“(guest) State Opera Wrocław, PL
1986 Seesaw “David” (guest) State Operetta Warsaw (now: Theatre Roma Warsaw), PL
1985 Seesaw “David” (guest) Musical Theatre, Chorzow, PL
1985 Księżniczka Czardasza “Boni” State Operetta Warsaw (now: Theatre Roma Warsaw), PL
1985 One Night in Venice “Caramello” State Operetta Warsaw (now: Theatre Roma Warsaw), PL
1985 My Fair Lady “Fred” State Operetta Warsaw (now: Theatre Roma Warsaw), PL
1984 Boso, ale w ostrogach “Student” State Operetta Warsaw (now: Theatre Roma Warsaw), PL
1984 Seesaw “David” State Operetta Warsaw (now: Theatre Roma Warsaw), PL
1983 Bal w Sawoju “Mustapha Bey” State Operetta Warsaw (now: Theatre Roma Warsaw), PL
1982 Rozkwit i Upadek Miasta Mahagonny “Jimm” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1982 Uciechy Staropolskie “Sługa” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1981 Wielki Świat “Terrorysta” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1980 Kolęda Nocka "Kolędnik" Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1980 Piraci “Fryderyk” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1980 Słowik “Dworzanin” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1980 (dyplom IV roku SWA) Alicja w Krainie Czarów “Lokaj Żaba / Fałszywy Żółw” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1979 Cud Mniemany, czyli Krakowiacy i Górale “Jonek” Opera Leśna, Sopot, PL
1979 Nowy Don Kiszot, czyli Sto Szaleństw “Wieśniak VII” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1979 Sekretny Przystanek “Żołnierz” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1978 Bal w Operze “Gość” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1978 Nasz Człowiek w Hawanie “Zespół” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1978 Stan Wyjątkowy “Żołnierz” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1978 Iwan Groźny “Rosyjski Rycerz” Polish TV, Gdańsk, PL
1978 Kram Karoliny “Lalkarz/Arlekin” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1977 Zielony Gil “Strażnik” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1977 Pinokio "Zespół" Opera Leśna, Sopot, PL
1977 Szwejk “Tragarz / Policjant” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1976 Fontanna z Neptunem “Mieszczanin” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1976 Promises-Promises “Zespół” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL
1976 Skowronek “Zespół” Teatr Muzyczny Gdynia, PL

External links


Videos


Interviews and Press

  • Wiadomości24 (In Polish
    Polish language
    Polish is a language of the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages, used throughout Poland and by Polish minorities in other countries...

    )
  • Deutsche Welle (In Polish
    Polish language
    Polish is a language of the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages, used throughout Poland and by Polish minorities in other countries...

    )
  • Gazeta Świętojańska (In Polish
    Polish language
    Polish is a language of the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages, used throughout Poland and by Polish minorities in other countries...

    )
  • RTL TV (In German
    German language
    German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....

    )
  • Musicalstars live (In German
    German language
    German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....

    )
  • BLIZA Gdyński Kwartalnik Artystyczny (In Polish
    Polish language
    Polish is a language of the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages, used throughout Poland and by Polish minorities in other countries...

    )
  • Klub Miłośników Teatru Muzycznego w Gdyni (In Polish
    Polish language
    Polish is a language of the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages, used throughout Poland and by Polish minorities in other countries...

    )
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