See Also

Kiel

Kiel is a city in northern Germany Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country [i] in central Europe [i]. ... 

 and the capital of the Bundesland States of Germany

Germany [i] is a Federal Republic [i] made up of 16 States [i], known in German [i] ... 

 Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein

Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost [i] of the 16 Bundeslnder [i] ... 

. It has a population of 233,795 . Located on the Baltic Sea Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is located in Northern Europe [i], from 53N to 66N latitude [i] and from 20E to 26E longitude [i] ... 

  at the head of the Kieler F?rde , the city has been one the country's main naval Navy

A navy is the branch of a country's military [i] forces principally designated for naval warfare [i] and ... 

 bases since the 1860s. Kiel is a center for German shipbuilders and the eastern terminus of the Kiel Canal Kiel Canal

The Kiel Canal is a 98 kilometre [i] long waterway in the German [i] Bundesland [i] Schleswig-Holstein [i] ... 

. A renowned university, the Christian-Albrechts-Universit?t , is located in Kiel. Kiel is very famous for its sailing Sailing

Sailing is the skillful art of controlling the motion of a sailing ship [i] or sailboat [i], across a bo ... 

 events, including the Kieler Woche Kiel Week

Kiel Week is an annual sailing event in Kiel [i], Germany [i]. ... 

, , one of the biggest sailing events in the world.

Discussions

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Timeline

1242   Kiel, Germany is chartered as a town.

1688   Asmus Bremer becomes mayor of Kiel.

1914   The German Kaiser leaves Kiel for a cruise in Northern waters.

1918   November 4 — Mutiny in the German fleet at Kiel begin the German Revolution German Revolution

The German Revolution is a series of events that occurred before and after the end of World War I [i] in ... 

.



Encyclopedia

Kiel is a city in northern Germany Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country [i] in central Europe [i]. ... 

 and the capital of the Bundesland States of Germany

Germany [i] is a Federal Republic [i] made up of 16 States [i], known in German [i]... 

 Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein

Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost [i] of the 16 Bundeslnder [i] ... 

. It has a population of 233,795 .

Located on the Baltic Sea Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is located in Northern Europe [i], from 53N to 66N latitude [i] and from 20E to 26E longitude [i]... 

  at the head of the Kieler Förde , the city has been one the country's main naval Navy

A navy is the branch of a country's military [i] forces principally designated for naval warfare [i] and ... 

 bases since the 1860s. Kiel is a center for German shipbuilders and the eastern terminus of the Kiel Canal Kiel Canal

The Kiel Canal is a 98 kilometre [i] long waterway in the German [i] Bundesland [i] Schleswig-Holstein [i] ... 

. A renowned university, the Christian-Albrechts-Universität , is located in Kiel.

Kiel is very famous for its sailing Sailing

Sailing is the skillful art of controlling the motion of a sailing ship [i] or sailboat [i], across a bo... 

 events, including the Kieler Woche Kiel Week

Kiel Week is an annual sailing event in Kiel [i], Germany [i]. ... 

, , one of the biggest sailing events in the world. In 1936 and 1972, when the Olympic Games Olympic Games

The Olympic Games, or Olympics, are an international multi-sport event [i] taking place every four ... 

 were held in Berlin Berlin

Berlin is the capital [i] city and a state [i] of Germany [i]. ... 

 and Munich Munich

colspan="2" bgcolor="BBDDFF" | Munich
... 

 respectively, the Olympic sailing competitions were held in Kiel-Schilksee.


History

The Kiel Fjord was settled as recorded by the geography and architechture of the fjord, that Normans, or vikings settled the land along their raids for many years staying in German villages.
Kiel was first originally founded in 1233 as Holstenstadt tom Kyle by Count Adolf IV of Schauenburg, and granted town privileges  in 1242 by Adolf's eldest son, Johann I of Schauenburg.

Kiel, the capital of Holstein Holstein

Holstein is the southern part of Schleswig-Holstein [i] in Germany [i], between the rivers Elbe [i] and ... 

, was a member of the Hanseatic League Hanseatic League

The Hanseatic League comprised an alliance [i] of trading [i] guild [i]s that e ... 

 from 1284 until it was expelled in 1518 for harbouring pirates Piracy

Piracy is robbery [i] committed at sea, or sometimes on the shore, by an agent without a commission [i] ... 

. In 1431, the Kieler Umschlag was first held, which became the central market for goods and money in Schleswig-Holstein until it began to lose significance from 1850 on, being held for the last time in 1900. Kiel's university, the Christian-Albrechts-Universität, was founded on 29 September, 1665, by Christian Albrecht, duke of Holstein Holstein

Holstein is the southern part of Schleswig-Holstein [i] in Germany [i], between the rivers Elbe [i] and ... 

-Gottorf Gottorp

Gottorp or Gottorf is a palace and estate in the city of Schleswig [i] in the German state [i] ... 

. A number of important scholars, including Theodor Mommsen Theodor Mommsen

Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen was a German [i] classical scholar [i] and historian [i] ... 

 and Max Planck Max Planck

Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck was a German [i] physicist [i]. ... 

, studied or taught there.

From 1773 to 1864, the town belonged to the King of Denmark Denmark

The Kingdom of Denmark is the smallest and southernmost of the Nordic countries [i].... 

. However, because the king ruled Holstein as a fief of the Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a mainly Central Europe [i]an conglomeration of lands [i] in the Middle Ages [i] ... 

 only through a personal union, the town was not incorporated as part of Denmark proper. Thus Kiel belonged to Germany but was ruled by the Danish king. Even though the Empire was abolished in 1806, the Danish king continued to rule Kiel only through his position as Duke of Holstein. When Schleswig Schleswig

The region of Schleswig covers the area about 60 km north and 70 km south of the border between Germany [i] ... 

 and Holstein rebelled against Denmark in 1848, Kiel became the capital of Schleswig-Holstein until the Danish victory in 1852.



During the Second War of Schleswig Second War of Schleswig

The Second War of Schleswig, known in Denmark as The War of 1864 and in Germany as The German-Dani... 

 in 1864, Kiel and the rest of Schleswig and Holstein were conquered by an alliance of the Austrian Empire Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire was an empire centred on what is modern day Austria [i] that lasted from 1804 [i] to ... 

 and the Kingdom of Prussia Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia was a kingdom [i] from 1701 to 1918 and, from 1871, was the leading state of the ... 

. After the war Kiel was briefly administered by both the Austrians and the Prussians, but the Austro-Prussian War Austro-Prussian War

The AustroPrussian War was a war fought between the Austrian Empire [i] and its German allies and Prussia [i]... 

 in 1866 led to the annexation of Kiel by Prussia in 1867. On 24 March, 1865, the Prussian king William I based Prussia's Baltic Sea fleet out of Kiel instead of Danzig Gdansk

Gdansk is the sixth-largest city in Poland [i], and also its principal seaport [i] and the capital of t ... 

 .

When King William I of Prussia became Kaiser William I William I, German Emperor

[i][[1861]... 

 of the German Empire German Empire

The German Empire is the name conventionally given in English [i] to the German [i] ... 

 in 1871, he designated Kiel and Wilhelmshaven Wilhelmshaven

Wilhelmshaven is a town in Lower Saxony [i], Germany [i]. ... 

 as Reichskrieghafen, or "Imperial War Harbour".

Because of its new role as Germany's main naval base, Kiel quickly increased in size in the following years, from 18,770 in 1864 to about 200,000 in 1910. Much of the old town center and other surroundings were leveled and redeveloped to provide for the growing city.

Kiel was the site of the sailors' mutiny which sparked the German Revolution German Revolution

The German Revolution is a series of events that occurred before and after the end of World War I [i] in ... 

 in late 1918.

Because of its status as a naval port and as production site for submarines, Kiel was heavily bombed by the Allies during World War II World War II

World War II, or the Second World War, was a worldwide [i] conflict [i] fought betwe ... 

; it is estimated that 80% of the remaining old town, 72% of the residential areas, and 83% of the industrial areas were destroyed. The city was rebuilt after the war, but city planners failed to revive the former cityscape; Kiel was less meticulously restored than other towns in Schleswig-Holstein like Lübeck Lübeck

Lbeck is the second largest city [i] in Schleswig-Holstein [i], in northern Germany [i]. ... 

, Flensburg Flensburg

Flensburg is an independent town [i] in the North of the German state [i] ... 

 or Schleswig Schleswig (city)

Schleswig is a town at the Schlei firth [i] in the northeastern part of Schleswig-Holstein [i], Germany [i] ... 

.



In 1946, Kiel was named the seat of government for Schleswig-Holstein, and it officially became the state's capital in 1972. The Kieler Umschlag has been held again yearly since 1975. It is now a festival with music and food stalls, historical costumes, special bread, and a wedding, the Umschlagshochzeit for which every young bride and groom can apply. But above all, Kiel is most famous for its Kieler Woche sailing festival held annually in June.

Economy

Kiel is the home of HDW Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft GmbH Howaldtswerke

Howaldtswerke is a German shipyard [i] founded October 1838 in Kiel [i] at the Bay of Kiel [i] of the Baltic Sea [i] ... 

, a shipyard Shipyard

Shipyards and dockyards are places which repair and build ship [i]s. ... 

 founded in 1838 famed for its construction of submarines Submarine

A submarine is a specialized watercraft [i] that can operate underwater [i].... 

. HDW built the first German submarine Brandtaucher Brandtaucher

[i] and built by the [[German Navy]... 

in 1850, and is today a subsidiary of ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems ThyssenKrupp

ThyssenKrupp AG [i] is a very large German [i] industrial [i] conglomerate [i]... 

, the leading German group of shipyards.

Places of interest

In the vicinity of Kiel are seaside resorts such as Kiel-Strande, Kiel-Schilksee, Möltenort and Laboe. Laboe has an important naval memorial Laboe Naval Memorial

[i] in [[Schleswig-Holstein]... 

, as well as the WWII-era submarine U-995 Unterseeboot 995

Unterseeboot 995 was a Type VIIC/41 [i] submarine [i] of the Kriegsmarine [i]. ... 

, a popular tourist site since 1972.

Sights in Kiel include:
  • The Nikolaikirche
  • Der Geistkämpfer , a sculpture by Ernst Barlach Ernst Barlach

    Ernst Barlach, was a famous German expressionist [i] sculptor [i].... 

     in front of the Nikolaikirche
  • The ruins of the Castle
  • The Rathaus
  • a WWII-era air raid Strategic bombing

    [i] style [[military campaign|campaign]... 

     bunker Bunker

    A bunker is a defensive military fortification.... 

  • Fernmeldeturm Kiel
  • Holsteinstadion Holsteinstadion

    Located in the port city of Kiel [i] in Northern Germany [i], Holsteinstadion is the home of Holstein Kiel [i] ... 

    , home of the football Football

    Football is the name given to a number of different, but related, team sport [i]s. ... 

     club Holstein Kiel Holstein Kiel

    Holstein Kiel is a German [i] football [i] club [i] i... 



Neighborhoods

Kiel is divided into 18 boroughs and 30 districts or neighborhoods. Each borough contains one or more districts, and has an advisory council with no budgetary powers. Here are the boroughs and districts, with corresponding district numbers:

  • Mitte
    • 1 Altstadt
    • 2 Vorstadt
    • 3 Exerzierplatz
    • 4 Damperhof
  • Ravensberg/Brunswik/Düsternbrook
    • 5 Brunswik
    • 6 Düsternbrook
    • 7 Blücherplatz
    • 9 Ravensberg
  • Steenbek-Projensdorf
    • 8 Wik z.T.
  • Wik
    • 8 Wik z.T.
  • Schreventeich/Hasseldieksdamm
    • 10 Schreventeich
    • 11 Südfriedhof
    • 15 Hasseldieksdamm
  • Gaarden
    • 12 Gaarden-Ost
    • 13 Gaarden-Süd und Kronsburg
  • Hassee/Vieburg
    • 14 Hassee
  • Ellerbek/Wellingdorf
    • 16 Ellerbek
    • 17 Wellingdorf
  • Holtenau
    • 18 Holtenau
  • Pries-Friedrichsort
    • 19 Pries
    • 20 Friedrichsort
  • Neumühlen-Dietrichsdorf/Oppendorf
    • 21 Neumühlen-Dietrichsdorf
  • Elmschenhagen/Kroog
    • 22 Elmschenhagen
  • Suchsdorf
    • 23 Suchsdorf
  • Schilksee
    • 24 Schilksee
  • Mettenhof
    • 25 Mettenhof
  • Russee/Hammer
    • 26 Russee
  • Meimersdorf/Moorsee
    • 27 Meimersdorf
    • 28 Moorsee
  • Wellsee/Kronsburg/Rönne
    • 29 Wellsee
    • 30 Rönne

Population growth

Year Inhabitants
1300 1.000
1450 2.000
1682 3.310
1750 4.500
1768 5.268
1773 5.430
1781 5.739
1803 7.075
1825 10.035
1830 10.833
1. February 1835 ¹ 11.622
1. February 1840 ¹ 12.344
1. February 1845 ¹ 13.572
1. February 1855 ¹ 16.274
1. February 1860 ¹ 17.541
3. December 1864 ¹ 18.770
Year Inhabitants
3. December 1867 ¹ 24.216
1. December 1871 ¹ 31.764
1. December 1875 ¹ 37.246
1. December 1880 ¹ 43.594
1. December 1885 ¹ 51.707
1. December 1890 ¹ 69.172
2. December 1895 ¹ 85.666
1. December 1900 ¹ 107.977
1. December 1905 ¹ 163.772
1. December 1910 ¹ 211.627
1. December 1916 ¹ 191.937
5. December 1917 ¹ 194.609
8. October 1919 ¹ 205.330
16. June 1925 ¹ 213.587
16. June 1933 ¹ 218.335
17. May 1939 ¹ 273.735
Year Inhabitants
31. December 1945 199.579
29. October 1946 214.335
13. September 1950 ¹ 254.449
25. September 1956 ¹ 256.727
6. June 1961 ¹ 273.284
31. December 1965 270.415
27. May 1970 ¹ 271.719
31. December 1975 262.164
31. December 1980 250.062
31. December 1985 245.682
25. May 1987 ¹ 237.767
31. December 1990 245.567
31. December 1995 246.033
31. December 2000 232.612
30. June 2005 229.715

¹ Census result

Notable people


Famous residents

  • Eric Braeden Eric Braeden

    Eric Braeden is a German [i] film [i] and television [i] actor, best known for his role as Victor Newman [i]... 

    , actor
  • E. Busch, actor, writer & collector of songs
  • Rudolf Hell, inventor
  • Johannes Wolfgang Willy Friedlieb Heuer
  • August Howaldt, founder of Howaldtswerke
  • Otto Kretschmer, U-boat commander
  • Georg Landsberg, mathematician
  • Carl Loewe, composer
  • Peter III of Russia Peter III of Russia

    Peter III was Emperor [i] of Russia [i] for six months in 1762. ... 

  • Max Planck Max Planck

    Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck was a German [i] physicist [i]. ... 

    , physicist
  • Karl Leonhard Reinhold, philosopher
  • Adolf Remane, zoologist
  • Ernst von Salomon, writer
  • Ernst Steinitz, mathematician
  • Ferdinand Tönnies, sociologist
  • Carl Zuckmayer, writer and playwright

Important historic mayors and lord mayors of Kiel

  • 1688 - 1720: Asmus Bremer
  • 1730 - 1732: Ernst Joachim von Westphalen
  • 1920 - 1933: Emil Lueken

Lord mayors after World War II

  • 1946 - 1954: Andreas Gayk
  • 1954 - 1965: Hans Müthling
  • 1965 - 1980: Günther Bantzer
  • 1980 - 1994: Karl-Heinz Luckhardt
  • 1994 - 1997: Otto Kelling
  • 1997 - 2003: Norbert Gansel
  • 2003 - today: Angelika Volquartz

Sister towns

  • Brest Brest, France

    Brest is a city in the Bretagne [i] rgion [i], north-west France [i], sous-prfecture [i] ... 

    , France France

    France, officially the French Republic, is a country [i] whose metropolitan territory [i] ... 

  • Coventry Coventry

    Coventry is a city [i] and metropolitan borough [i], in the West Midlands [i] ... 

    , United Kingdom United Kingdom

    The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country and sovereign state [i] tha ... 

  • Vaasa Vaasa

    ! style="background:#f9f9f9; text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Vaasan kaupunki - Vasa stad

... 

, Finland Finland

The Republic of Finland , is one of the Nordic countries [i]. ... 


  • Gdynia Gdynia

    Gdynia is a city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship [i] of Poland [i] and an important seaport [i] at Gdansk Bay [i] ... 

    , Poland Poland

    Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country located in Central Europe [i]. ... 

  • Tallinn Tallinn

    Tallinn is the capital [i] city and main seaport [i] of Estonia [i]. ... 

    , Estonia Estonia

    Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia , is a country in Northern Europe [i]. ... 

  • Stralsund Stralsund

    Stralsund is a city in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania [i], Germany [i]. ... 

    , Germany Germany

    Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country [i] in central Europe [i]. ... 

  • Kaliningrad Kaliningrad

    Kaliningrad , until 1945 known by its German [i] name Knigsberg, then briefly as '... 

    , Russia Russia

    Russia , also the Russian Federation , is a country [i] that stretches over a vast expanse of Eurasia [i] ... 

  • Sovetsk, Russia Russia

    Russia , also the Russian Federation , is a country [i] that stretches over a vast expanse of Eurasia [i] ... 



External links


  • KielWiki
  • Wikitravel page about Kiel
  • bars, restaurants, pubs
  • webcams


Notes