Timeline of Quebec history (1791 to 1840)
Encyclopedia
| Timeline of Quebec history Timeline of Quebec history This article presents a detailed timeline of Quebec history. Events taking place outside Quebec, for example in English Canada, the United States, Britain or France, may be included when they are considered to have had a significant impact on Quebec's history.... | ||
| 1760 to 1790 | 1791 to 1840 | 1841 to 1866 Timeline of Quebec history (1841 to 1866) Timeline of Quebec history 1791 to 1840 1841 to 1866 1867 to 1899 ----This section of the Timeline of Quebec history concerns the events in British North America relating to what is the present day province of Quebec, Canada from the passage of the Union Act to the passage of the... |
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This section of the Timeline of Quebec history
Timeline of Quebec history
This article presents a detailed timeline of Quebec history. Events taking place outside Quebec, for example in English Canada, the United States, Britain or France, may be included when they are considered to have had a significant impact on Quebec's history....
concerns the events in British North America
British North America
British North America is a historical term. It consisted of the colonies and territories of the British Empire in continental North America after the end of the American Revolutionary War and the recognition of American independence in 1783.At the start of the Revolutionary War in 1775 the British...
relating to what is the present day province of Quebec
Quebec
Quebec or is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level....
, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
between the time of the Constitutional Act of 1791
Constitutional Act of 1791
The Constitutional Act of 1791, formally The Clergy Endowments Act, 1791 , is an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain...
and the Act of Union 1840
Act of Union 1840
The Act of Union, formally the The British North America Act, 1840 , was enacted in July 1840 and proclaimed 10 February 1841. It abolished the legislatures of Lower Canada and Upper Canada and established a new political entity, the Province of Canada to replace them...
.
1790s
- 1790 – The Dechristianisation of France during the French RevolutionDechristianisation of France during the French RevolutionThe dechristianisation of France during the French Revolution is a conventional description of the results of a number of separate policies, conducted by various governments of France between the start of the French Revolution in 1789 and the Concordat of 1801, forming the basis of the later and...
marks the beginning of a sharp tightening of the powers and influence of the Roman Catholic ChurchRoman Catholic ChurchThe Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
in Quebec that would last until 1960. - 1791 - The Constitutional ActConstitutional Act of 1791The Constitutional Act of 1791, formally The Clergy Endowments Act, 1791 , is an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain...
is enacted by the British Parliament on June 10. - 1792 - The first elections of Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
are held on June 11. - 1792 - The first session of the Parliament of Lower Canada opens on December 17.
- 1792 - On December 18, Jean-Antoine PanetJean-Antoine PanetJean-Antoine Panet was a notary, lawyer, judge, seigneur and political figure in Lower Canada.He was born in Quebec in 1751, the son of Jean-Claude Panet. He served in the militia defending the town of Quebec during the American Revolution and he later attained the rank of ieutenant-colonel in the...
is elected Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. - 1792 - Opening of the first post office in Montreal on December 20.
- 1793 - Language debate at the Legislative Assembly of QuebecLegislative Assembly of QuebecThe Legislative Assembly of Quebec was the name of the lower house of Quebec's legislature until 1968, when it was renamed the National Assembly of Quebec. At the same time, the upper house of the legislature, the Legislative Council, was abolished...
on January 21. - 1793 - On January 27, Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
-born Jean Basset presents a memoir to the National ConventionNational ConventionDuring the French Revolution, the National Convention or Convention, in France, comprised the constitutional and legislative assembly which sat from 20 September 1792 to 26 October 1795 . It held executive power in France during the first years of the French First Republic...
in RevolutionaryFrench RevolutionThe French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
FranceFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
in which he pleads for a reconquest of Canada. - 1793 - FranceFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
declares war on EnglandEnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
on February 8. - 1793 - Prorogation of the first session of the Parliament on May 9.
- 1793 - On September 23, governor DorchesterGuy Carleton, 1st Baron DorchesterGuy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, KB , known between 1776 and 1786 as Sir Guy Carleton, was an Irish-British soldier and administrator...
demands that the Assembly punishes foreigners threatening the British government in Canada or any seditious citizen. - 1793 - In October, there are rumours that a French fleet is coming to retake Canada.
- 1793 - The second session of the Parliament opens on November 11.
- 1795 - Introduction of the first property tax in Lower Canada.
- 1796 - The first county of the Eastern TownshipsEastern TownshipsThe Eastern Townships is a tourist region and a former administrative region in south-eastern Quebec, lying between the former seigneuries south of the Saint Lawrence River and the United States border. Its northern boundary roughly followed Logan's Line, the geologic boundary between the flat,...
, Dunham, is created. - 1797 - Robert PrescottRobert PrescottGeneral Robert Prescott was a British soldier and colonial administrator. He enlisted in the British Army in 1745 and served during the Seven Years' War...
becomes Governor General on April 27. - 1798 - Beginning of IrishIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
immigration to Canada.
1800s
- 1800 - Member of Parliament and Judge Pierre-Amable de BonnePierre-Amable de BonnePierre-Amable de Bonne was a seigneur, lawyer, judge and political figure in Lower Canada.He was born in Montreal in 1758, the son of Louis de Bonne de Missègle, and studied at a college operated by the Sulpicians, then the Collège Saint-Raphaël and the Petit Séminaire de Québec...
presents a draft bill to create the Royal InstituteMcGill UniversityMohammed Fathy is a public research university located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The university bears the name of James McGill, a prominent Montreal merchant from Glasgow, Scotland, whose bequest formed the beginning of the university...
on February 7. - 1803 - NapoleonNapoleon I of FranceNapoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
sells the Louisiana territoryLouisiana TerritoryThe Territory of Louisiana or Louisiana Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 4, 1805 until June 4, 1812, when it was renamed to Missouri Territory...
to the United States. (See the Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana PurchaseThe Louisiana Purchase was the acquisition by the United States of America of of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana in 1803. The U.S...
). - 1804 - The taking down of Montreal's fortifications begin and last until 1809.
- 1804 - The legislative assembly of Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
votes to abolish slaverySlaverySlavery is a system under which people are treated as property to be bought and sold, and are forced to work. Slaves can be held against their will from the time of their capture, purchase or birth, and deprived of the right to leave, to refuse to work, or to demand compensation...
. - 1805 - Foundation of The Quebec Mercury (newspaper) by Thomas Cary, supporter of the British Tories.
- 1805 - Joseph-Octave PlessisJoseph-Octave PlessisJoseph-Octave Plessis was a Canadian Roman Catholic clergyman from Quebec. He was the first archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec after the diocese was elevated to the status of an archdiocese....
becomes Bishop of Quebec. - 1806 - Pierre-Stanislas BédardPierre-Stanislas BédardPierre-Stanislas Bédard was a lawyer, judge, journalist and political figure in Lower Canada.He was born in Charlesbourg in 1762, descended from French ancestors who had first arrived in New France before 1660. He studied at the Petit Séminaire de Québec, articled in law and was called to the bar...
and François BlanchetFrançois Blanchet (physician)François Blanchet was a physician, businessman, seigneur and political figure in Lower Canada.He was born in Saint-Pierre-de-la-Rivière-du-Sud in 1776 and studied at the Petit Séminaire of Quebec. He went on to study medicine with James Fisher and then at Columbia College where he received a...
, members of the Parti CanadienParti canadienThe Parti canadien or Parti patriote was a political party in what is now Quebec founded by members of the liberal elite of Lower Canada at the beginning of the 19th century...
, found the newspaper Le CanadienLe CanadienLe Canadien was a French language newspaper published in Lower Canada from November 22, 1806 to March 14, 1810. Its motto was: "Nos institutions, notre langue et nos droits"...
. - 1807 - Election of Ezekiel Hart in Trois-RivièresTrois-Rivières, QuebecTrois-Rivières is a city in the Mauricie region of Quebec, Canada, located at the confluence of the Saint-Maurice and Saint Lawrence Rivers. It is situated in the Mauricie administrative region, on the north shore of the Saint Lawrence River across from the city of Bécancour...
during a by-electionBy-electionA by-election is an election held to fill a political office that has become vacant between regularly scheduled elections....
on April 11. - 1807 - On August 29, James Henry CraigJames Henry CraigGeneral Sir James Henry Craig KB was a British military officer and colonial administrator.-Early life and military service:...
becomes governor of the British American colonies. - 1808 - On February 1, the Legislative Assembly of QuebecLegislative Assembly of QuebecThe Legislative Assembly of Quebec was the name of the lower house of Quebec's legislature until 1968, when it was renamed the National Assembly of Quebec. At the same time, the upper house of the legislature, the Legislative Council, was abolished...
criticizes the swearing-in of Ezekiel Hart because he is of Jewish faith. - 1808 - The Legislative Assembly votes the expulsion of Ezekiel Hart on February 20.
- 1808 - Louis-Joseph PapineauLouis-Joseph PapineauLouis-Joseph Papineau , born in Montreal, Quebec, was a politician, lawyer, and the landlord of the seigneurie de la Petite-Nation. He was the leader of the reformist Patriote movement before the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837–1838. His father was Joseph Papineau, also a famous politician in Quebec...
and Denis-Benjamin VigerDenis-Benjamin VigerDenis-Benjamin Viger was a 19th century Lower Canadian politician, lawyer, businessman, and Patriote movement member.Viger was part of the militia in the early 19th century and then a captain in the War of 1812...
are elected for the first time on April 27. They join the Parti CanadienParti canadienThe Parti canadien or Parti patriote was a political party in what is now Quebec founded by members of the liberal elite of Lower Canada at the beginning of the 19th century...
. - 1808 - On June 14, the owners of the newspaper Le CanadienLe CanadienLe Canadien was a French language newspaper published in Lower Canada from November 22, 1806 to March 14, 1810. Its motto was: "Nos institutions, notre langue et nos droits"...
were demoted from their functions in the government. - 1809 - On April 18, the Legislative Assembly votes a resolution on the ineligibility of judges during elections.
- 1809 - Governor CraigJames Henry CraigGeneral Sir James Henry Craig KB was a British military officer and colonial administrator.-Early life and military service:...
dissolves the Parliament on May 15. - 1809 - Elections on November 24.
1810s1810sThe 1810s decade ran from January 1, 1810, to December 31, 1819.- Napoleonic Wars:In 1810, the French Empire reached its greatest extent. On the continent, the British and Portuguese remained restricted to the area around Lisbon and to besieged Cadiz...
- 1810 - On February 13, the Legislative Assembly passes three addresses: one for the King, one for the House of Lords and one for the House of Commons to request control over the budget.
- 1810 - On February 23, the Legislative Assembly of QuebecLegislative Assembly of QuebecThe Legislative Assembly of Quebec was the name of the lower house of Quebec's legislature until 1968, when it was renamed the National Assembly of Quebec. At the same time, the upper house of the legislature, the Legislative Council, was abolished...
votes to expel the Member of Parliament and Judge Pierre-Amable de BonnePierre-Amable de BonnePierre-Amable de Bonne was a seigneur, lawyer, judge and political figure in Lower Canada.He was born in Montreal in 1758, the son of Louis de Bonne de Missègle, and studied at a college operated by the Sulpicians, then the Collège Saint-Raphaël and the Petit Séminaire de Québec...
. - 1810 - On March 10, Jonathan SewellJonathan SewellJonathan Sewell was a lawyer, judge and political figure in Lower Canada.-Early life:He was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the son of the last British attorney general of Massachusetts...
and Pierre-Amable de BonnePierre-Amable de BonnePierre-Amable de Bonne was a seigneur, lawyer, judge and political figure in Lower Canada.He was born in Montreal in 1758, the son of Louis de Bonne de Missègle, and studied at a college operated by the Sulpicians, then the Collège Saint-Raphaël and the Petit Séminaire de Québec...
found the newspaper Le Vrai Canadien which defends the policies of the government. - 1810 - On March 17, Governor James CraigJames Henry CraigGeneral Sir James Henry Craig KB was a British military officer and colonial administrator.-Early life and military service:...
stops the press of Le CanadienLe CanadienLe Canadien was a French language newspaper published in Lower Canada from November 22, 1806 to March 14, 1810. Its motto was: "Nos institutions, notre langue et nos droits"...
and arrests its owners on charges of treasonTreasonIn law, treason is the crime that covers some of the more extreme acts against one's sovereign or nation. Historically, treason also covered the murder of specific social superiors, such as the murder of a husband by his wife. Treason against the king was known as high treason and treason against a...
ous writings . - 1810 - On May 1, Governor CraigJames Henry CraigGeneral Sir James Henry Craig KB was a British military officer and colonial administrator.-Early life and military service:...
recommends to the British Parliament to unite UpperUpper CanadaThe Province of Upper Canada was a political division in British Canada established in 1791 by the British Empire to govern the central third of the lands in British North America and to accommodate Loyalist refugees from the United States of America after the American Revolution...
and Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
. - 1810 - On September 10, New SpainNew SpainNew Spain, formally called the Viceroyalty of New Spain , was a viceroyalty of the Spanish colonial empire, comprising primarily territories in what was known then as 'América Septentrional' or North America. Its capital was Mexico City, formerly Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Empire...
(México) declares its Independence from SpainSpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
. - 1811 - Pierre-Stanislas BédardPierre-Stanislas BédardPierre-Stanislas Bédard was a lawyer, judge, journalist and political figure in Lower Canada.He was born in Charlesbourg in 1762, descended from French ancestors who had first arrived in New France before 1660. He studied at the Petit Séminaire de Québec, articled in law and was called to the bar...
is released from prison in March after having been held for twelve months pending trial. - 1811 - On May 31, George PrevostGeorge PrevostSir George Prévost, 1st Baronet was a British soldier and colonial administrator. Born in Hackensack, New Jersey, the eldest son of Swiss French Augustine Prévost, he joined the British Army as a youth and became a captain in 1784. Prévost served in the West Indies during the French Revolutionary...
becomes governor of Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
. - 1811 – The Parti CanadienParti canadienThe Parti canadien or Parti patriote was a political party in what is now Quebec founded by members of the liberal elite of Lower Canada at the beginning of the 19th century...
chooses James Stuart to succeed Pierre-Stanislas BédardPierre-Stanislas BédardPierre-Stanislas Bédard was a lawyer, judge, journalist and political figure in Lower Canada.He was born in Charlesbourg in 1762, descended from French ancestors who had first arrived in New France before 1660. He studied at the Petit Séminaire de Québec, articled in law and was called to the bar...
as party leader. - 1811 - Founding of the newspaper the Montreal Herald by William Grey.
- 1812 - War of 1812War of 1812The War of 1812 was a military conflict fought between the forces of the United States of America and those of the British Empire. The Americans declared war in 1812 for several reasons, including trade restrictions because of Britain's ongoing war with France, impressment of American merchant...
: Second American invasion of CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
. - 1815 - On January 21, Louis-Joseph PapineauLouis-Joseph PapineauLouis-Joseph Papineau , born in Montreal, Quebec, was a politician, lawyer, and the landlord of the seigneurie de la Petite-Nation. He was the leader of the reformist Patriote movement before the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837–1838. His father was Joseph Papineau, also a famous politician in Quebec...
is elected speaker of the Legislative Assembly. - 1817 - Founding of the Bank of MontrealBank of MontrealThe Bank of Montreal , , or BMO Financial Group, is the fourth largest bank in Canada by deposits. The Bank of Montreal was founded on June 23, 1817 by John Richardson and eight merchants in a rented house in Montreal, Quebec. On May 19, 1817 the Articles of Association were adopted, making it...
. - 1818 - The frontier between British North AmericaBritish North AmericaBritish North America is a historical term. It consisted of the colonies and territories of the British Empire in continental North America after the end of the American Revolutionary War and the recognition of American independence in 1783.At the start of the Revolutionary War in 1775 the British...
and the United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
is established at the 49th northern parallel.
1820s1820sThe 1820s decade ran from January 1, 1820, to December 31, 1829.- East Asia :* February 14, 1820 – Minh Mang starts to rule in Vietnam.* Java War * 1828 Siamese-Lao War: Siam invades and sacks Vientiane....
- 1820 - A Union project is again discussed by LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
and the government of Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
. - 1821 - McGill UniversityMcGill UniversityMohammed Fathy is a public research university located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The university bears the name of James McGill, a prominent Montreal merchant from Glasgow, Scotland, whose bequest formed the beginning of the university...
obtains its royal charter. - 1822 - Lower Canadian British merchants and bureaucrats petition for the Union of UpperUpper CanadaThe Province of Upper Canada was a political division in British Canada established in 1791 by the British Empire to govern the central third of the lands in British North America and to accommodate Loyalist refugees from the United States of America after the American Revolution...
and Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
into a single colony before the British Parliament in London. - 1823 - On May 10, Louis-Joseph PapineauLouis-Joseph PapineauLouis-Joseph Papineau , born in Montreal, Quebec, was a politician, lawyer, and the landlord of the seigneurie de la Petite-Nation. He was the leader of the reformist Patriote movement before the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837–1838. His father was Joseph Papineau, also a famous politician in Quebec...
and John NeilsonJohn NeilsonJohn Neilson was a Scots-Quebecer editor of the newspaper La Gazette de Québec/The Quebec Gazette and a politician.- Biography :...
are in London to present a petition of 60,000 signatures against the Union project. - 1825 - Opening of the Lachine CanalLachine CanalThe Lachine Canal is a canal passing through the southwestern part of the Island of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, running 14.5 kilometres from the Old Port of Montreal to Lake Saint-Louis, through the boroughs of Lachine, Lasalle and Sud-Ouest.The canal gets its name from the French word for China...
. - 1826 - Ludger DuvernayLudger DuvernayLudger Duvernay was born in Verchères, Quebec, Canada.He was a printer by profession and published a number of newspapers including the Gazette des Trois-Rivières, the first newspaper in Lower Canada outside of Quebec City and Montreal, and also La Minerve, which supported the Parti patriote and...
, Auguste-Norbert Morin, and Jacques Viger found the newspaper La MinerveLa MinerveLa Minerve was a newspaper founded in Montreal, Lower Canada by Augustin-Norbert Morin to promote the political goals of Louis-Joseph Papineau's Parti patriote. It was notably directed by Ludger Duvernay in its earlier years. It existed from 1826 to 1837, and again from 1842 to May 27, 1899...
. - 1827 - The Parti CanadienParti canadienThe Parti canadien or Parti patriote was a political party in what is now Quebec founded by members of the liberal elite of Lower Canada at the beginning of the 19th century...
becomes the Parti patriote. - 1827 - The Parti Patriote sends a delegation of three Members of Parliament -- John NeilsonJohn NeilsonJohn Neilson was a Scots-Quebecer editor of the newspaper La Gazette de Québec/The Quebec Gazette and a politician.- Biography :...
, Denis-Benjamin VigerDenis-Benjamin VigerDenis-Benjamin Viger was a 19th century Lower Canadian politician, lawyer, businessman, and Patriote movement member.Viger was part of the militia in the early 19th century and then a captain in the War of 1812...
and Augustin Cuvillier -- to London with a petition of 87,000 names and a series of resolution passed by the Legislative Assembly. - 1828 - London appoints James KemptJames KemptGeneral Sir James Kempt, GCB was a British Army officer, who served in Holland, Egypt, Italy, the Peninsula, and British North America during the Napoleonic Wars...
to replace Dalhousie. - 1828 - On December 12, Daniel TraceyDaniel TraceyDaniel Tracey born in Roscrea, Tipperary County, Ireland, was a doctor, journalist and Canadian politician.He arrived in the Province of Lower Canada with his younger siblings in 1825.-The Vindicator:...
founds the newspaper The Irish Vindicator and Canada General Advertiser, which became The Montreal Vindicator soon after. - 1829 - McGill UniversityMcGill UniversityMohammed Fathy is a public research university located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The university bears the name of James McGill, a prominent Montreal merchant from Glasgow, Scotland, whose bequest formed the beginning of the university...
begins instruction in 1829 with the Faculty of Medicine.
1830s1830s- Wars :* The First Opium War between the United Kingdom and the Qing Empire of China started in 1839. It would end three years later with the signing of the Treaty of Nanking on 29 August 1842.- Internal conflicts :* French Revolution of 1830...
- 1830 - Lord Matthew Aylmer is appointed Governor.
- 1830 - The Port of Montreal is officially created.
- 1831 - Alexis de TocquevilleAlexis de TocquevilleAlexis-Charles-Henri Clérel de Tocqueville was a French political thinker and historian best known for his Democracy in America and The Old Regime and the Revolution . In both of these works, he explored the effects of the rising equality of social conditions on the individual and the state in...
, FrenchFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
aristocratAristocracy (class)The aristocracy are people considered to be in the highest social class in a society which has or once had a political system of Aristocracy. Aristocrats possess hereditary titles granted by a monarch, which once granted them feudal or legal privileges, or deriving, as in Ancient Greece and India,...
conservativeConservatismConservatism is a political and social philosophy that promotes the maintenance of traditional institutions and supports, at the most, minimal and gradual change in society. Some conservatives seek to preserve things as they are, emphasizing stability and continuity, while others oppose modernism...
political thinker and author of Democracy in AmericaDemocracy in AmericaDe la démocratie en Amérique is a classic French text by Alexis de Tocqueville. A "literal" translation of its title is Of Democracy in America, but the usual translation of the title is simply Democracy in America...
, spends a few days in the summer of 1831 in Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
. - 1831 - Ludger DuvernayLudger DuvernayLudger Duvernay was born in Verchères, Quebec, Canada.He was a printer by profession and published a number of newspapers including the Gazette des Trois-Rivières, the first newspaper in Lower Canada outside of Quebec City and Montreal, and also La Minerve, which supported the Parti patriote and...
and Daniel TraceyDaniel TraceyDaniel Tracey born in Roscrea, Tipperary County, Ireland, was a doctor, journalist and Canadian politician.He arrived in the Province of Lower Canada with his younger siblings in 1825.-The Vindicator:...
are arrested and charged with sedition. - 1832 - Daniel TraceyDaniel TraceyDaniel Tracey born in Roscrea, Tipperary County, Ireland, was a doctor, journalist and Canadian politician.He arrived in the Province of Lower Canada with his younger siblings in 1825.-The Vindicator:...
spends 35 days in prison in January for writing an editorial that encouraged physical attacks on members of the colonial government. - 1832 - During a by-electionBy-electionA by-election is an election held to fill a political office that has become vacant between regularly scheduled elections....
in Montreal on May 21, rioting erupted and British soldiers opened fire on the crowd and killed three people. - 1832 - A first choleraCholeraCholera is an infection of the small intestine that is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The main symptoms are profuse watery diarrhea and vomiting. Transmission occurs primarily by drinking or eating water or food that has been contaminated by the diarrhea of an infected person or the feces...
epidemic kills 6,000 people. - 1832 - Following the 1808 expulsion of the duly elected Jew Ezekiel Hart from the Legislative Assembly of QuebecLegislative Assembly of QuebecThe Legislative Assembly of Quebec was the name of the lower house of Quebec's legislature until 1968, when it was renamed the National Assembly of Quebec. At the same time, the upper house of the legislature, the Legislative Council, was abolished...
, the assembly passes a law giving full political rights to the Jewish citizens of Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
(the 1832 Emancipation ActJewish EmancipationJewish emancipation was the external and internal process of freeing the Jewish people of Europe, including recognition of their rights as equal citizens, and the formal granting of citizenship as individuals; it occurred gradually between the late 18th century and the early 20th century...
), a first in the British Empire and some 27 years before Great Britain itself. - 1833 - Foundation of the Club des femmes patriotes (Patriot Women's Club).
- 1834 - Foundation of the Saint-Jean-Baptiste SocietySaint-Jean-Baptiste SocietyThe Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society is an institution in Quebec dedicated to the protection of Quebec francophone interests and to the promotion of Quebec Sovereignism. Its current President is Mario Beaulieu....
on June 24. - 1834 - Foundation of the monarchist Quebec Constitutional Association.
- 1834 - The Parti patriote is elected with a strong majority of the registered vote taking 77 of 88 seats in the Legislative Assembly of QuebecLegislative Assembly of QuebecThe Legislative Assembly of Quebec was the name of the lower house of Quebec's legislature until 1968, when it was renamed the National Assembly of Quebec. At the same time, the upper house of the legislature, the Legislative Council, was abolished...
. - 1834 - The Legislative Assembly presents the Ninety-Two ResolutionsNinety-Two ResolutionsThe Ninety-Two Resolutions were drafted by Louis-Joseph Papineau and other members of the Parti patriote of Lower Canada in 1834. The resolutions were a long series of demands for political reforms in the British-governed colony....
, a document requesting democratic reforms in Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
. - 1835 - Founding of the monarchist Montreal Constitutional Association in January.
- 1835 - Creation of the Union patriotique.
- 1835 - Louis-Michel VigerLouis-Michel VigerLouis-Michel Viger was a Quebec lawyer, businessman, seigneur and political figure.He was born in Montreal in 1785 and studied at the Collège Saint-Raphaël at the same time as his cousin, Louis-Joseph Papineau. He articled in law with his cousin, Denis-Benjamin Viger, was admitted to the bar in...
and Jacob De WittJacob De WittJacob De Witt was a Quebec businessman and political figure.He was born in Windham, Connecticut in 1785, of Dutch descent, and came to Montreal with his family around 1802. He set up a hardware business with a partner in 1814, opening his own business three years later...
found La Banque du Peuple. It becomes a chartered bank in 1844. - 1836 - Founding of the Doric ClubDoric ClubThe Doric Club was an association of Loyals set up in Lower Canada by Adam Thom, a lawyer and journalist, in March 1836. A noted opponent of the Patriotes, the group was both a social club and a paramilitary organization...
, a reincarnation of the banned British Rifle Corp. - 1836 - The laws establishing the normal schools of the country are passed. They would have been the first secular, public, and free schools of Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
. - 1837 - On March 6, the British Parliament resolutions arrive in Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
, rejecting the major demands of the colonists, Prime Minister RussellJohn Russell, 1st Earl RussellJohn Russell, 1st Earl Russell, KG, GCMG, PC , known as Lord John Russell before 1861, was an English Whig and Liberal politician who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century....
believing it was impossible for a governor to be responsible to the sovereign and a local legislature at the same time. - 1837 - Foundation of the Comité central et permanent in April.
- 1837 - Founded in August, the Société des Fils de la LibertéSociété des Fils de la LibertéThe Société des Fils de la Liberté was a paramilitary organization founded in August of 1837 in Lower Canada by young supporters of the Parti patriote who became impatient with the pace of progress of the movement for constitutional and parliamentary reforms...
holds its first public assembly on September 5. - 1837 - Town Hall meetings are held throughout Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
between May and November. - 1837, November 6 - The Doric Club members attack the Fils de la liberté, members of the Doric ClubDoric ClubThe Doric Club was an association of Loyals set up in Lower Canada by Adam Thom, a lawyer and journalist, in March 1836. A noted opponent of the Patriotes, the group was both a social club and a paramilitary organization...
destroy the office of Thomas Storrow BrownThomas Storrow BrownThomas Storrow Brown was a journalist, writer, orator, and revolutionary in Lower Canada .- Biography :...
at the Vindicator newspaper. - 1837 - On November 8, General John Colborne begins to recruit volunteers for militias which are placed under the command of lieutenant-colonel Dyer.
- 1837 - On November 16, Lord Gosford orders the arrest of 26 patriots leaders on charges of high treasonTreasonIn law, treason is the crime that covers some of the more extreme acts against one's sovereign or nation. Historically, treason also covered the murder of specific social superiors, such as the murder of a husband by his wife. Treason against the king was known as high treason and treason against a...
. - 1837 - On November 23 BritishGreat BritainGreat Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles...
courier is killed in Saint-Denis-sur-Richelieu in an attack by the Fils de la LibertéSociété des Fils de la LibertéThe Société des Fils de la Liberté was a paramilitary organization founded in August of 1837 in Lower Canada by young supporters of the Parti patriote who became impatient with the pace of progress of the movement for constitutional and parliamentary reforms...
. - 1837 - Battle of Saint-DenisBattle of Saint-Denis (1837)The Battle of St. Denis was fought on November 22, 1837 between British colonial authorities under Lieutenant-Colonel Gore and Lower Canada rebels. The rebels were victoriously led by Wolfred Nelson.- See also :*Lower Canada Rebellion...
on November 23. - 1837 - Battle of Saint-CharlesBattle of Saint-CharlesThe Battle of Saint-Charles was fought on November 25, 1837 between Great Britain and Lower Canada rebels. The British were victorious.On the morning of 25 November 1837, 2 days after Charles Gore's defeat at the Battle of Saint-Denis and the retreat to Sorel the troops of Colonel George Wetherall...
on November 25. - 1837 - Patriots take control of Saint-EustacheSaint-Eustache, QuebecSaint-Eustache is an off-island suburb of Montreal, in western Quebec, Canada, west of Montreal on the north shore of the Rivière des Mille-Îles....
on November 30. - 1837 - Proclamation of martial law in the district of MontrealMontrealMontreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...
on December 5. - 1837 - 80 Patriots are forced to retreat at Moore's Corner near the American border on December 6.
- 1837 - On December 13, General John Colborne, Lord Seaton, leaves Montreal for Saint-EustacheSaint-Eustache, QuebecSaint-Eustache is an off-island suburb of Montreal, in western Quebec, Canada, west of Montreal on the north shore of the Rivière des Mille-Îles....
leading 1,300 men. - 1837 - Battle of Saint-EustacheBattle of Saint-EustacheThe Battle of Saint-Eustache, fought on December 14, 1837, was a decisive battle in the Lower Canada Rebellion in which British forces defeated the principal remaining Patriotes camp at Saint-Eustache.-Prelude:...
on December 14. - 1837 - The British troops sacked and burned the village of Saint-BenoîtSaint-Benoît-Canada:*Saint-Benoît-du-Lac, Quebec, a municipality in the province of Quebec*Saint-Benoît-Labre, Quebec, a municipality in the province of Quebec-France:*Saint-Benoît, Ain, in the Ain département...
. - 1838 - February 26, Robert Nelson, General of the Patriots, gathers between 600 and 700 volunteers, the Frères ChasseursFrères chasseursThe Frères chasseurs were a paramilitary organization that fought in the Patriote Rebellion on the Patriote side, seeking to make Lower Canada, now Quebec, an independent and democratic republic....
and American sympathisers launch an attack on the British in Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
. - 1838 - Robert Nelson proclaims the independence of Lower CanadaLower CanadaThe Province of Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence...
in Week's House on February 28. See the Déclaration d'indépendance du Bas-CanadaDeclaration of Independence of Lower CanadaThe Declaration of Independence of Lower Canada was written in French by the patriot rebel Robert Nelson on February 22, 1838, while in exile in the United States, after the first rebellion of 1837....
. - 1838 - The Constitutional Act is suspended on March 27. A Special CouncilSpecial Council of Lower CanadaThe Special Council of Lower Canada was an appointed body which administered Lower Canada until the Union Act of 1840 created the Province of Canada. Following the Lower Canada Rebellion, on March 27, 1838, the Constitutional Act of 1791 was suspended and both the Legislative Assembly and...
is formed by LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
. - 1838 - The envoy of the British government, John George Lambton, Lord of Durham, arrives in Quebec CityQuebec CityQuebec , also Québec, Quebec City or Québec City is the capital of the Canadian province of Quebec and is located within the Capitale-Nationale region. It is the second most populous city in Quebec after Montreal, which is about to the southwest...
on May 27. - 1838 - Proclamation of amnesty for all prisoners, except eight who are exiled to BermudaBermudaBermuda is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. Located off the east coast of the United States, its nearest landmass is Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, about to the west-northwest. It is about south of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, and northeast of Miami, Florida...
, on June 28. - 1838 - The Frères Chasseurs take positions in BeauharnoisBeauharnois, QuebecBeauharnois is a city located in the Beauharnois-Salaberry Regional County Municipality of southwestern Quebec, Canada and is part of Greater Montreal Area. The city's population as of the Canada 2006 Census was 11,918...
, Sainte-Martine and Saint-Mathias on November 3. - 1838 - New proclamation of martial law on November 4.
- 1838 - Battle of LacolleBattle of Lacolle (1838)The Battle of Lacolle was fought on November 7, 1838 between Loyal Lower Canada volunteer forces under Major John Scriver and Lower Canada rebels under Colonel Ferdinand-Alphonse Oklowski. On November 6, on their way to Lacolle, the Patriote rebels had won a first skirmish, but they lost in the...
on November 7. - 1838 - Battle of OdelltownBattle of OdelltownThe Battle of Odelltown was fought on November 9, 1838 between Loyal volunteer forces under Lewis Odell and Charles McAllister and Lower Canada rebels under Robert Nelson, Médard Hébert and Charles Hindelang...
on November 9. End of the Lower Canada RebellionLower Canada RebellionThe Lower Canada Rebellion , commonly referred to as the Patriots' War by Quebeckers, is the name given to the armed conflict between the rebels of Lower Canada and the British colonial power of that province...
. - 1838 - Creation of a military court to judge 108 men.
- 1839 - Publishing of the report of Lord Durham on February 11.
- 1839 - Following a trial for treason and murder, 12 Patriots were hung at the Pied-du-Courant PrisonPied-du-Courant PrisonThe Pied-du-Courant Prison is a building in Montreal, Quebec near the Saint Lawrence River and the Jacques-Cartier Bridge.- Overview :A former prison, it now houses offices of the Société des alcools du Québec, the state-owned liquor board in Quebec. It saw the incarceration and execution by...
on February 15. - 1839 - Charles Poulett Thomson, Lord Sydenham, succeeds Lord Durham as governor general of the Canadas.
1840s1840s- Wars :*Mexican-American War was fought between Mexico and the United States of America. The latter emerged victorious and gained undisputed control over Texas while annexing portions of Arizona, California and New Mexico....
- 1840 - The Act of Union receives royal assent on July 23.
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| Timeline of Quebec history Timeline of Quebec history This article presents a detailed timeline of Quebec history. Events taking place outside Quebec, for example in English Canada, the United States, Britain or France, may be included when they are considered to have had a significant impact on Quebec's history.... | ||
| 1760 to 1790 | 1791 to 1840 | 1841 to 1866 Timeline of Quebec history (1841 to 1866) Timeline of Quebec history 1791 to 1840 1841 to 1866 1867 to 1899 ----This section of the Timeline of Quebec history concerns the events in British North America relating to what is the present day province of Quebec, Canada from the passage of the Union Act to the passage of the... |