Poulton-le-Fylde

Poulton-le-Fylde

Poulton-le-Fylde is a market town in Lancashire, England, situated on the coastal plain called the Fylde. As of the 2001 United Kingdom census, it had a population of 18,264. There is evidence of human habitation in the area from 12,000 years ago and several archaeological finds from Roman...

 is a market town

Market town

Market town or market right is a legal term, originating in the medieval period, for a European settlement that has the right to host markets, distinguishing it from a village and city...

 in the Wyre

Wyre

Wyre is a local government district with borough status in Lancashire, England. Its council is based in Poulton-le-Fylde.The district is named after the River Wyre, which runs through the district...

 district of Lancashire

Lancashire

Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England. It takes its name from the city of Lancaster, and is sometimes known as the County of Lancaster. Although Lancaster is still considered to be the county town, Lancashire County Council is based in Preston...

, England, situated on a coastal plain

Coastal plain

A coastal plain is an area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a seacoast and separated from the interior by other features. One of the world's longest coastal plains is located in eastern South America. The southwestern coastal plain of North America is notable for its species diversity...

 called the Fylde

The Fylde

The Fylde ; Scandinavian: "field") is a coastal plain in western Lancashire, England. It is roughly a 13-mile square-shaped peninsula, bounded by Morecambe Bay to the north, the Ribble estuary to the south, the Irish Sea to the west, and the Bowland hills to the east...

. There are fifteen buildings and structures in the town which have been listed by the Secretary of State for Culture, Olympics, Media and Sport as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. One is classified as Grade II*, and the rest as Grade II; Poulton-le-Fylde has no Grade I listed buildings. The Grade II* designation is for St Chad's Church

St Chad's Church, Poulton-le-Fylde

St Chad's Church is an Anglican church in Poulton-le-Fylde, a town on the Fylde coastal plain in Lancashire, England. It is an active parish church in the Diocese of Blackburn and the archdeaconry of Lancaster. It has been designated a Grade II* listed building by English Heritage...

. There is written evidence of a church on the site since 1094, although it may have been built earlier. It became the Anglican

Anglicanism

Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures. The word Anglican originates in ecclesia anglicana, a medieval Latin phrase dating to at least 1246 that means the English...

 parish church

Church of England parish church

A parish church in the Church of England is the church which acts as the religious centre for the people within the smallest and most basic Church of England administrative region, known as a parish.-Parishes in England:...

 at the time of the Reformation

English Reformation

The English Reformation was the series of events in 16th-century England by which the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church....

 and was largely rebuilt in the 18th century.

Of the remaining listed buildings and structures, nine are in or very close to the market place in the centre of town. They include three former houses (all now shops), a former bank, a telephone kiosk

Telephone booth

A telephone booth, telephone kiosk, telephone call box or telephone box is a small structure furnished with a payphone and designed for a telephone user's convenience. In the USA, Canada and Australia, "telephone booth" is used, while in the UK and the rest of the Commonwealth it is a "telephone...

 and four stone market place structures. Three cottages, a house and the former Roman Catholic Chapel of St John

Church of St John the Evangelist, Poulton-le-Fylde

-Bibliography:...

, are situated within two miles of the town centre. The ages of the listed buildings and structures range from the market cross

Market cross

A market cross is a structure used to mark a market square in market towns, originally from the distinctive tradition in Early Medieval Insular art of free-standing stone standing or high crosses, often elaborately carved, which goes back to the 7th century. Market crosses can be found in most...

, probably built in the 17th century, to the telephone kiosk, built in the 1930s.

In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. These buildings are in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest; Grade II* includes particularly significant buildings of more than local interest; Grade II consists of buildings of special architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed on recommendations provided by English Heritage

English Heritage

English Heritage . is an executive non-departmental public body of the British Government sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport...

, which also determines the grading.

Key

Explanation of the listed building grades

Grade	Criteria
Grade II*	Particularly important buildings of more than special interest
Grade II	Buildings of national importance and special interest

Listed buildings and structures

List of the buildings and structures with photographs, locations, year or time of earliest construction, descriptive notes, and listed building grade

Name and location	Photograph	Grade	Date	Description
St Chad's Church St Chad's Church, Poulton-le-Fylde St Chad's Church is an Anglican church in Poulton-le-Fylde, a town on the Fylde coastal plain in Lancashire, England. It is an active parish church in the Diocese of Blackburn and the archdeaconry of Lancaster. It has been designated a Grade II* listed building by English Heritage... 53.8472°N 2.9921°W				The current building dates mostly from 1753 and replaced an earlier church on the site. It is constructed of stone with a slate Slate Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism. The result is a foliated rock in which the foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering...  roof. The tower to the west was built in the early 17th century of roughly dressed stone. It has two diagonal buttress Buttress A buttress is an architectural structure built against or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall... es, two angled buttresses and four corner pinnacle Pinnacle A pinnacle is an architectural ornament originally forming the cap or crown of a buttress or small turret, but afterwards used on parapets at the corners of towers and in many other situations. The pinnacle looks like a small spire... s that were added in 1923. There are belfry Bell tower A bell tower is a tower which contains one or more bells, or which is designed to hold bells, even if it has none. In the European tradition, such a tower most commonly serves as part of a church and contains church bells. When attached to a city hall or other civic building, especially in...  louvres Louver A louver or louvre , from the French l'ouvert; "the open one") is a window, blind or shutter with horizontal slats that are angled to admit light and air, but to keep out rain, direct sunshine, and noise...  on each side of the tower. The church has large, arched windows with Y-tracery Tracery In architecture, Tracery is the stonework elements that support the glass in a Gothic window. The term probably derives from the 'tracing floors' on which the complex patterns of late Gothic windows were laid out.-Plate tracery:...  and oval windows which were placed above the doors in the 19th century. A round Norman Norman architecture About|Romanesque architecture, primarily English|other buildings in Normandy|Architecture of Normandy.File:Durham Cathedral. Nave by James Valentine c.1890.jpg|thumb|200px|The nave of Durham Cathedral demonstrates the characteristic round arched style, though use of shallow pointed arches above the... -style apse Apse In architecture, the apse is a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical vault or semi-dome...  was added in 1868.
53.8474°N 2.9910°W			1839	This building, now a shop, was originally Poulton Savings Bank, built in 1839. It is symmetrical, constructed of brick with stone dressings and a concrete Concrete Concrete is a composite construction material, composed of cement and other cementitious materials such as fly ash and slag cement, aggregate , water and chemical admixtures.The word concrete comes from the Latin word...  tile roof. The front entrance is a stone doorway with a depressed-arch head and a radiating fanlight Fanlight A fanlight is a window, semicircular or semi-elliptical in shape, with glazing bars or tracery sets radiating out like an open fan, It is placed over another window or a doorway. and is sometimes hinged to a transom. The bars in the fixed glazed window spread out in the manner a sunburst... . The building is of two storeys. At the front there are two sash windows on the ground floor and three on the first, each with a stone windowsill and hood mould Hood mould In architecture, a hood mould, also called a label mould or dripstone, is an external moulded projection from a wall over an opening to throw off rainwater... . There are a further two windows on each end. The right gable Gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system being used and aesthetic concerns. Thus the type of roof enclosing the volume dictates the shape of the gable...  (looking from the front) has a stone plaque which is inscribed with "".
53.8469°N 2.9922°W				This former house in the market place dates from the late 17th century or early 18th century. It is constructed of rendered Stucco Stucco or render is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as decorative coating for walls and ceilings and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture...  brick with a slate Slate Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism. The result is a foliated rock in which the foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering...  roof. It is built on two storeys and originally had three bay Bay (architecture) A bay is a unit of form in architecture. This unit is defined as the zone between the outer edges of an engaged column, pilaster, or post; or within a window frame, doorframe, or vertical 'bas relief' wall form.-Defining elements:... s. In the loft there is visible heavy timber framing Timber framing Timber framing , or half-timbering, also called in North America "post-and-beam" construction, is the method of creating structures using heavy squared off and carefully fitted and joined timbers with joints secured by large wooden pegs . It is commonplace in large barns...  including a roof truss Truss In architecture and structural engineering, a truss is a structure comprising one or more triangular units constructed with straight members whose ends are connected at joints referred to as nodes. External forces and reactions to those forces are considered to act only at the nodes and result in...  between the second and third bays. The building, which is next to the churchyard, now functions as a shop.
53.8462°N 2.9918°W				This town house was built in the mid-18th century. It is constructed of rendered Stucco Stucco or render is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as decorative coating for walls and ceilings and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture...  brick with a cornice Cornice Cornice molding is generally any horizontal decorative molding that crowns any building or furniture element: the cornice over a door or window, for instance, or the cornice around the edge of a pedestal. A simple cornice may be formed just with a crown molding.The function of the projecting...  gutter and a slate Slate Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism. The result is a foliated rock in which the foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering...  roof. It is on a double-pile plan with three storeys. It has five bays Bay (architecture) A bay is a unit of form in architecture. This unit is defined as the zone between the outer edges of an engaged column, pilaster, or post; or within a window frame, doorframe, or vertical 'bas relief' wall form.-Defining elements:...  and the first-floor casement window Casement window A casement window is a window that is attached to its frame by one or more hinges. Casement windows are hinged at the side. A casement window (or casement) is a window that is attached to its frame by one or more hinges. Casement windows are hinged at the side. A casement window (or casement) is a... s are tall with glazing bars; the second-floor windows are smaller. The front entrance to the building is flanked by Doric Doric order The Doric order was one of the three orders or organizational systems of ancient Greek or classical architecture; the other two canonical orders were the Ionic and the Corinthian.-History:...  pilaster Pilaster A pilaster is a slightly-projecting column built into or applied to the face of a wall. Most commonly flattened or rectangular in form, pilasters can also take a half-round form or the shape of any type of column, including tortile.... s.
25, 27, 29 and 31 Market Place 53.8462°N 2.9923°W				This former house was built in the late 18th century or early 19th century and was owned by James Baines, a woollen merchant. It is constructed of brick in a Flemish bond pattern with stone dressings, a slate Slate Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism. The result is a foliated rock in which the foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering...  roof and red ridging tiles. It has a double-pile plan with five bay Bay (architecture) A bay is a unit of form in architecture. This unit is defined as the zone between the outer edges of an engaged column, pilaster, or post; or within a window frame, doorframe, or vertical 'bas relief' wall form.-Defining elements:... s and five storeys. Its fourth bay doorcase is flanked by Ionic columns with a plain frieze Frieze thumb|267px|Frieze of the [[Tower of the Winds]], AthensIn architecture the frieze is the wide central section part of an entablature and may be plain in the Ionic or Doric order, or decorated with bas-reliefs. Even when neither columns nor pilasters are expressed, on an astylar wall it lies upon...  and cornice Cornice Cornice molding is generally any horizontal decorative molding that crowns any building or furniture element: the cornice over a door or window, for instance, or the cornice around the edge of a pedestal. A simple cornice may be formed just with a crown molding.The function of the projecting... . The first floor has sash window Sash window A sash window or hung sash window is made of one or more movable panels or "sashes" that form a frame to hold panes of glass, which are often separated from other panes by narrow muntins... s with stone sills and splayed stone heads. Inside there is a dog-leg staircase which has a moulded handrail and pillar newel Newel A newel, also called a central pole, is an upright post that supports the handrail of a stair banister. In stairs having straight flights it is the principal post at the foot of the staircase, but it can also be used for the intermediate posts on landings and at the top of a staircase... s with panelling. The staircase probably dates from the late 17th century.
St John's Chapel Church of St John the Evangelist, Poulton-le-Fylde -Bibliography:... 53.8523°N 2.9849°W			1813	This former Roman Catholic Chapel of St John and attached presbytery Rectory A rectory is the residence, or former residence, of a rector, most often a Christian cleric, but in some cases an academic rector or other person with that title...  date from 1813. The building is constructed of brick and has a slate Slate Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism. The result is a foliated rock in which the foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering...  hipped Hip roof A hip roof, or hipped roof, is a type of roof where all sides slope downwards to the walls, usually with a fairly gentle slope. Thus it is a house with no gables or other vertical sides to the roof. A square hip roof is shaped like a pyramid. Hip roofs on the houses could have two triangular side...  roof. The brickwork is now rendered Stucco Stucco or render is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as decorative coating for walls and ceilings and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture... . The chapel is on one storey and has arched windows with timber Y-tracery Tracery In architecture, Tracery is the stonework elements that support the glass in a Gothic window. The term probably derives from the 'tracing floors' on which the complex patterns of late Gothic windows were laid out.-Plate tracery:... . The presbytery end has two storeys, with three bays and rectangular sash window Sash window A sash window or hung sash window is made of one or more movable panels or "sashes" that form a frame to hold panes of glass, which are often separated from other panes by narrow muntins... s. The chapel was replaced in 1912 by a larger church a few metres to the south-west.
End Cottage and Old Farm 53.8485°N 2.9775°W			1723	The cottage and farmhouse were originally one property, built in 1723. The two-storey building is constructed of whitewashed brick with a slate Slate Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism. The result is a foliated rock in which the foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering...  roof and originally had three bay Bay (architecture) A bay is a unit of form in architecture. This unit is defined as the zone between the outer edges of an engaged column, pilaster, or post; or within a window frame, doorframe, or vertical 'bas relief' wall form.-Defining elements:... s with a baffle Turnstile A turnstile, also called a baffle gate, is a form of gate which allows one person to pass at a time. It can also be made so as to enforce one-way traffic of people, and in addition, it can restrict passage only to people who insert a coin, a ticket, a pass, or similar...  entry. There is a gable Gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system being used and aesthetic concerns. Thus the type of roof enclosing the volume dictates the shape of the gable... -end chimney stack on the left side of the first bay (looking from the front), and an axial chimney stack between the other two bays. Each floor has two casement window Casement window A casement window is a window that is attached to its frame by one or more hinges. Casement windows are hinged at the side. A casement window (or casement) is a window that is attached to its frame by one or more hinges. Casement windows are hinged at the side. A casement window (or casement) is a... s with arched brick heads and wooden shutters.
Fish Stones 53.8464°N 2.9924°W				The fish stones are probably from the 18th century. They are two slabs raised on legs, constructed of stone. They were used by market traders selling fish. They are placed in a line with the stocks, market cross, whipping post and war memorial.
Fox's Farmhouse 53.8292°N 2.9851°W				This farmhouse probably dates from the early 18th century. It is constructed of rendered Stucco Stucco or render is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as decorative coating for walls and ceilings and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture...  brick with stone quoins Quoin (architecture) Quoins are the cornerstones of brick or stone walls. Quoins may be either structural or decorative. Architects and builders use quoins to give the impression of strength and firmness to the outline of a building... . Its roof is of slate Slate Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism. The result is a foliated rock in which the foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering...  with four course Course (architecture) A course is a continuous horizontal layer of similarly-sized building material one unit high, usually in a wall. The term is almost always used in conjunction with unit masonry such as brick, cut stone, or concrete masonry units .-Styles:... s of stone slate. It has three bay Bay (architecture) A bay is a unit of form in architecture. This unit is defined as the zone between the outer edges of an engaged column, pilaster, or post; or within a window frame, doorframe, or vertical 'bas relief' wall form.-Defining elements:... s with a baffle Turnstile A turnstile, also called a baffle gate, is a form of gate which allows one person to pass at a time. It can also be made so as to enforce one-way traffic of people, and in addition, it can restrict passage only to people who insert a coin, a ticket, a pass, or similar...  entry and is on two storeys. There is a gable Gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system being used and aesthetic concerns. Thus the type of roof enclosing the volume dictates the shape of the gable... -end chimney stack to the right (looking from the front), and an axial chimney stack between the second and third bays. There are sash window Sash window A sash window or hung sash window is made of one or more movable panels or "sashes" that form a frame to hold panes of glass, which are often separated from other panes by narrow muntins... s with stone sills, and a gabled porch.
K6 Telephone Kiosk 53.8468°N 2.9923°W				This K6 telephone box was designed in 1935 by Giles Gilbert Scott Giles Gilbert Scott Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, OM, FRIBA was an English architect known for his work on such buildings as Liverpool Cathedral and Battersea Power Station and designing the iconic red telephone box.... . It is constructed of cast iron Cast iron Cast iron is derived from pig iron, and while it usually refers to gray iron, it also identifies a large group of ferrous alloys which solidify with a eutectic. The color of a fractured surface can be used to identify an alloy. White cast iron is named after its white surface when fractured, due...  and is painted red. It has a domed roof. The K6 kiosks were designed by Scott to commemorate the Silver Jubilee Silver Jubilee A Silver Jubilee is a celebration held to mark a 25th anniversary. The anniversary celebrations can be of a wedding anniversary, ruling anniversary or anything that has completed a 25 year mark...  of George V George V of the United Kingdom George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936.... .
53.8513°N 2.9826°W			1895	This house was built in 1895. It is constructed of Accrington brick Accrington brick Accrington bricks, or NORIs were a type of iron hard engineering brick, produced in Huncoat, Accrington, Lancashire, England from 1887 to 2008...  with red tile roofs and has pebbledash in its gable Gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system being used and aesthetic concerns. Thus the type of roof enclosing the volume dictates the shape of the gable... s. Designed in the Vernacular Vernacular architecture Vernacular architecture is a term used to categorize methods of construction which use locally available resources and traditions to address local needs and circumstances. Vernacular architecture tends to evolve over time to reflect the environmental, cultural and historical context in which it...  Revival style, it has a rectangular plan and is of two and a half storeys. Inside, the house is designed in the Jacobean style Jacobean architecture The Jacobean style is the second phase of Renaissance architecture in England, following the Elizabethan style. It is named after King James I of England, with whose reign it is associated.-Characteristics:... , decorated with stained glass windows, murals and a panelled ceiling. In the main hall, a large Imperial staircase Imperial staircase An Imperial staircase is the name given to a staircase with divided flights. Usually the first flight rises to a half-landing and then divides into two symmetrical flights both rising with an equal number of steps and turns to the next floor. The feature is reputed to have first been used at El...  leads to a gallery surrounded by a balustrade. It was originally the home of Benjamin Sykes of the architectural firm Garlick, Park and Sykes, and was probably designed by him.
Market Cross 53.8464°N 2.9924°W				The market cross Market cross A market cross is a structure used to mark a market square in market towns, originally from the distinctive tradition in Early Medieval Insular art of free-standing stone standing or high crosses, often elaborately carved, which goes back to the 7th century. Market crosses can be found in most...  probably dates from the 17th century. It is a Tuscan column Tuscan order Among canon of classical orders of classical architecture, the Tuscan order's place is due to the influence of the Italian Sebastiano Serlio, who meticulously described the five orders including a "Tuscan order", "the solidest and least ornate", in his fourth book of Regole generalii di...  constructed of stone, consisting of three tapered cylinders on a square pedestal Pedestal Pedestal is a term generally applied to the support of a statue or a vase.... , which in turn sits on a circular plinth of four steps. On top of the cylinders is a ball finial Finial The finial is an architectural device, typically carved in stone and employed decoratively to emphasize the apex of a gable or any of various distinctive ornaments at the top, end, or corner of a building or structure. Smaller finials can be used as a decorative ornament on the ends of curtain rods...  with a cross. The cross is similar to those at Kirkland Kirkland, Lancashire Kirkland is a civil parish located on the banks of the River Wyre midway between Preston and Lancaster in the English county of Lancashire. It is also the historic name of the village of Churchtown within the parish. There are two pubs: the Punchbowl and the Horns Inn.Kirkland forms part of the...  and Garstang Garstang Garstang is a town and civil parish within the Wyre borough of Lancashire, England. It is ten miles north-northwest of the city of Preston and eleven miles south of Lancaster, and had a total resident population of 4,074 in 2001....  and is situated between the stocks and the fish stones.
53.8289°N 2.9830°W				This is probably an 18th-century reconstruction of a 17th-century house. It was renovated and extended in 1975. Constructed of rendered Stucco Stucco or render is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as decorative coating for walls and ceilings and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture...  brick with a slate Slate Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism. The result is a foliated rock in which the foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering...  roof, it is a two-storey building with a cross-passage plan and three bay Bay (architecture) A bay is a unit of form in architecture. This unit is defined as the zone between the outer edges of an engaged column, pilaster, or post; or within a window frame, doorframe, or vertical 'bas relief' wall form.-Defining elements:... s. Each bay has two casement window Casement window A casement window is a window that is attached to its frame by one or more hinges. Casement windows are hinged at the side. A casement window (or casement) is a window that is attached to its frame by one or more hinges. Casement windows are hinged at the side. A casement window (or casement) is a... s, one on each floor.
Stocks 53.8464°N 2.9924°W				The stocks Stocks Stocks are devices used in the medieval and colonial American times as a form of physical punishment involving public humiliation. The stocks partially immobilized its victims and they were often exposed in a public place such as the site of a market to the scorn of those who passed by... , probably from the 18th century, consist of two short, stone pillars with a pair of wooden stock beams. The beams, which have been replaced several times, contain two pairs of leg-holes. They are situated next to the market cross, in line with the fish stones, whipping post and war memorial.
Whipping Post 53.8465°N 2.9924°W				This whipping post Pillory The pillory was a device made of a wooden or metal framework erected on a post, with holes for securing the head and hands, formerly used for punishment by public humiliation and often further physical abuse, sometimes lethal... , probably from the 18th century, is constructed of stone and has a square cornice Cornice Cornice molding is generally any horizontal decorative molding that crowns any building or furniture element: the cornice over a door or window, for instance, or the cornice around the edge of a pedestal. A simple cornice may be formed just with a crown molding.The function of the projecting...  and ball finial Finial The finial is an architectural device, typically carved in stone and employed decoratively to emphasize the apex of a gable or any of various distinctive ornaments at the top, end, or corner of a building or structure. Smaller finials can be used as a decorative ornament on the ends of curtain rods... . It is situated in line with the stocks, market cross, fish stones and war memorial.

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