Disembowelment

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Disembowelment

Disembowelment (evisceration) is the removing of some or all of the vital organ

Organ (anatomy)

In biology, an organ is a biological tissue that performs a specific function or group of functions. Usually there is a main tissue and sporadic tissues....
s, usually from the abdomen

Abdomen

In vertebrates such as mammals the abdomen constitutes the part of the body between the thorax and pelvis. The region enclosed by the abdomen is termed the abdominal cavity....
.

erformed on a living creature, it is fatal in virtually all cases. It has historically been used as a severe form of capital punishment

Capital punishment

Capital punishment, the death penalty or execution, is the killing of a person by procedural law for Punishment#Retribution and Punishment#Incapacitation....
. The last organs to be removed were invariably the heart

Heart

The heart is a muscle organ in all vertebrates responsible for pumping blood through the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions, or a similar structure in annelids, mollusks, and arthropods....
and lung

Lung

The lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing animals, including most tetrapods, a few fish and a few snails. In mammals and the more complex life forms, the two lungs are located in the chest on either side of the heart....
s so as to keep the condemned alive (and in pain) as long as possible.

s of transanal evisceration of children whilst sitting over uncovered swimming pool

Swimming pool

A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or simply a pool, is an artificially enclosed body of water intended for swimming or water-based recreation....
drains have been reported.

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Encyclopedia

Disembowelment (evisceration) is the removing of some or all of the vital organ

Organ (anatomy)

In biology, an organ is a biological tissue that performs a specific function or group of functions. Usually there is a main tissue and sporadic tissues....
s, usually from the abdomen

Abdomen

In vertebrates such as mammals the abdomen constitutes the part of the body between the thorax and pelvis. The region enclosed by the abdomen is termed the abdominal cavity....
.

Disembowelment as torture

If performed on a living creature, it is fatal in virtually all cases. It has historically been used as a severe form of capital punishment

Capital punishment

Heart

Lung

In England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
, the punishment of being "hanged, drawn and quartered
Hanged, drawn and quartered

To be hanged, drawn and quartered was the sentence once ordained in England for the crime of high treason. It is considered by many to be the epitome of cruel and unusual punishment, and was reserved only for this most serious crime, which was deemed more heinous than murder and other Capital punishment....
" was typically used for men convicted of high treason
Treason

In law, treason is the crime that covers some of the more serious acts of loyalty to one's sovereignty or nation. Historically, treason also covered the murder of specific social superiors, such as the murder of a husband by his wife ....
. This referred to the practice of drawing a man by a hurdle (similar to a fence) through the streets, removing him from the hurdle and hanging him from the neck (but removing him before death
Death

Death is the permanent termination of the biological functions that define a life organism. It refers to both a particular event and to the condition that results thereby....
), disemboweling him slowly on a wooden block by slitting open his abdomen, removing his entrails and his other organs, and then decapitating
Decapitation

Decapitation , or beheading, is the cutting off of the head of a person or animal. Beheading typically refers to the act of intentional decapitation, e.g., as a means of murder or capital punishment; it may be accomplished, for example, with an axe, sword, knife, wire, or by means of a guillotine....
him and dividing the body into four pieces. The man's head and quarters would often be part boiled and displayed as a warning to others. As part of the disemboweling, the man was also typically castrated
Castration

Castration is any action, surgery, chemical castration, or otherwise, by which a male loses the functions of the testicles. In common usage the term is usually applied to males, although as a medical term it is applied to both males and females....
and emasculated
Emasculation

Emasculation is the removal of the genitalia of a male, notably the penis and/or the testicles.By extension, the word has also come to mean ?to socially render a male less of a man?, or ?to make a male feel himself to be less of a man by subjecting him to humiliation?....
and his genitals and entrails would be burned. Women, for modesty's sake, were instead burned alive. On the Isle of Man
Isle of Man

The Isle of Man , or Mann , is a self-governing Crown dependency, located in the Irish Sea at the geographical centre of the British Isles....
this 'mercy' was denied and women convicted of treason were hanged, drawn and quartered.
In the Netherlands
Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
and Belgium
Belgium

* A small German-speaking Community of Belgium exists in eastern Wallonia. Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political and cultural conflicts are reflected in the history of Belgium and a complex Communities and regions of Belgium....
the vierendelen (literally "to divide in four"), a practice where the arms and legs were tied to horses and the abdomen
Abdomen

In vertebrates such as mammals the abdomen constitutes the part of the body between the thorax and pelvis. The region enclosed by the abdomen is termed the abdominal cavity....
was sliced open. This punishment was exclusively for regicide
Regicide

The broad definition of regicide is the deliberate killing of a monarch, or the person responsible for the killing of a monarch. In a narrower sense, in the United Kingdom tradition, it refers to the judicial execution of a king after alleged due process of law....
.
In Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
, disembowelment played a part as a method of execution or of the ritualized suicide
Suicide

Suicide is the intentional taking of one's own life. Many dictionaries also note the metaphorical sense of "willful destruction of one's self-interest"....
by a samurai
Samurai

is the term for the military nobility of Pre-industrial society Japan. According to translator William Scott Wilson: "In Chinese, the character ? was originally a verb meaning to wait upon or accompany a person in the upper ranks of society, and this is also true of the original term in Japanese, saburau....
. In killing themselves by this method, they were deemed to be free from the dishonor resulting from their crimes. The most common form of disembowelment was referred to in Japanese as seppuku
Seppuku

is a form of Japanese Suicide#Ritual suicide by disembowelment. Seppuku was originally reserved only for samurai. Part of the samurai honor code, seppuku was used voluntarily by samurai to die with honor rather than fall into the hands of their enemies, as a form of capital punishment for samurai who have committed serious offenses, and for reason...
(where the term "hara-kiri," literally "stomach cutting," is regarded as vulgar), involving two cuts across the abdomen, sometimes followed by pulling out one's own innards. The act of beheading
Decapitation

Decapitation , or beheading, is the cutting off of the head of a person or animal. Beheading typically refers to the act of intentional decapitation, e.g., as a means of murder or capital punishment; it may be accomplished, for example, with an axe, sword, knife, wire, or by means of a guillotine....
, in most cases by one's best servant, was added to this ritual suicide in later times in order to shorten the suffering of the samurai or leader, an attempt at rendering the ritual more humane. In the English language, hara-kiri and seppuku are often treated as synonyms.

Transanal evisceration

Cases of transanal evisceration of children whilst sitting over uncovered swimming pool

Swimming pool

A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or simply a pool, is an artificially enclosed body of water intended for swimming or water-based recreation....
drains have been reported. Notable cases include Valerie Lakey and Abigail Taylor

Abigail Taylor

Abigail Rose Taylor was a young girl from Edina, Minnesota whose accidental injury and eventual death led to new US federal legislation to improve the safety of swimming pools....
. In both these cases, the victims were left with short bowel syndrome

Short bowel syndrome

Short bowel syndrome is a malabsorption disorder caused by the surgery removal of the small intestine, or rarely due to the complete dysfunction of a large segment of bowel....
and required feeding by total parenteral nutrition

Total parenteral nutrition

Total parenteral nutrition , is the practice of feeding a person intravenously, bypassing the usual process of eating and digestion. The person receives nutritional formulas containing salts, glucose, amino acids, lipids and added vitamins....
.

Embalming

Removal of the internal organs can be performed as part of the embalming

Embalming

File:Embalming fluid.jpgEmbalming, in most modern cultures, is the art and science of temporarily preserving human remains to forestall decomposition and to make them suitable for display at a funeral....
process.

Mummification

The process of mummification

Mummy

A mummy is a corpse whose skin and organs have been preserved by either intentional or incidental exposure to chemicals, extreme coldness, very high humidity, or lack of air when bodies are submerged in bogs....
, especially as practised by the ancient Egyptians, entailed the removal of the internal organs prior to the preservation of the remainder of the body. The organs removed were stored in canopic jar

Canopic jar

Canopic jars were used by the Ancient Egyptians during the mummy process to store and preserve the viscera of their own for the afterlife. They were commonly either carved from stone or were made of pottery....
s and placed in the tomb with the body.