Daniel Solander

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Daniel Solander

Daniel Carlsson Solander or Daniel Charles Solander (19 February 1733 – 13 May 1782) was a Swedish

Sweden

Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and it is connected to Denmark by the ?resund Bridge in the south....
botanist. Solander was born in Piteå

Piteå

Pite? is a cities in Sweden in Norrbotten in northern Sweden. It has 22,500 inhabitants, and is the seat of Pite? Municipality, which has 40,800 people....
, Norrland

Norrland

Norrland is one of the three lands of Sweden , the northern part, consisting of nine Provinces of Sweden. The term Norrland is not used for any administrative purpose, but it is common in everyday language, e.g....
, Sweden and was the son of a Lutheran principal. He enrolled at Uppsala University

Uppsala University

Uppsala University is a world-class research university in Uppsala, Sweden. Founded as early as 1477, it is the oldest such institution in the Nordic countries and is frequently ranked among the world's top 100 universities....
in July 1750 and studied languages and the humanities.

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Encyclopedia

Daniel Carlsson Solander or Daniel Charles Solander (19 February 1733 – 13 May 1782) was a Swedish

Sweden

Solander was born in Piteå

Piteå

Pite? is a cities in Sweden in Norrbotten in northern Sweden. It has 22,500 inhabitants, and is the seat of Pite? Municipality, which has 40,800 people....
, Norrland

Norrland

Uppsala University

Carolus Linnaeus

Carl Linnaeus was a Sweden botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern alpha taxonomy, and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology....
who was soon impressed by young Solander's ability and accordingly persuaded his father to let him study natural history. He traveled to England

England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
in 1760 to promote Linnaeus' new system of classification. He was an assistant librarian at the British Museum

British Museum

The British Museum is a museum of human history and culture situated in London. Its collections, which number more than 7 million Object , are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginning to the present....
from 1763 onwards, and elected as Fellow of the Royal Society

Royal Society

The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as the Royal Society, or even the Royal, is a learned society for science that was founded in 1660 and is considered by most to be the oldest such society still in existence....
in the following year. Afterwards he held the position of Keeper of Printed Books at the British Museum

British Museum

The British Museum is a museum of human history and culture situated in London. Its collections, which number more than 7 million Object , are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginning to the present....
.

In 1768 Solander and his fellow scientist Dr. Herman Spöring were employed by Joseph Banks

Joseph Banks

Sir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet, Order of the Bath, President of the Royal Society was an England Natural history, Botany and patron of the natural sciences....
, to join him on James Cook

James Cook

Captain James Cook Royal Society Royal Navy was an English explorer, navigator and cartographer, ultimately rising to the rank of Captain in the Royal Navy....
's first voyage to the Pacific Ocean

Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. Its name is derived from the Latin name Mare Pacificum, "peaceful sea", bestowed upon it by the Portugal explorer Ferdinand Magellan....
on board the Endeavour
HM Bark Endeavour

His Majesty's Bark Endeavour was a 10-gun Royal Navy barque commanded by Lieutenant James Cook on his First voyage of James Cook, to Australia and New Zealand in 1769-71....
. They were the botanists who inspired the name Botanist Bay (which later became Botany Bay

Botany Bay

Botany Bay is a Headlands and bays in Sydney, New South Wales, a few kilometres south of the Sydney central business district. The Cooks River and the Georges River are the two major tributaries that flow into the bay....
), Cook's expedition's first landing place in Australia

Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the southern hemisphere comprising the Australia of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and numerous list of islands of Australia in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans....
. Solander helped make and describe an important collection of Australian plants while the Endeavour was beached at the site of present-day Cooktown

Cooktown, Queensland

Cooktown is the northernmost town on the east coast of Australia, located at the mouth of the Endeavour River, on Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland....
for nearly 7 weeks, after being damaged on the Great Barrier Reef

Great Barrier Reef

The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for 2,600 kilometres over an area of approximately ....
. These collections later formed the basis of Banks' Florilegium

Banks' Florilegium

Banks' Florilegium is a collection of copperplate engravings of plants collected by Sir Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander while they accompanied Captain James Cook on his voyage around the world between 1768 and 1771....
.

On their return in 1771 he became Banks' secretary and librarian and lived in his house at Soho Square. In 1772 he accompanied Banks on his voyage to Iceland

Iceland

Iceland, officially the Republic of Iceland , is an island country located in the North Atlantic Ocean between mainland Europe and Greenland....
, the Faroes

Faroe Islands

The Faroe Islands or Faeroe Islands or simply Faroe or Faeroes are an island group situated between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, approximately half way between Scotland and Iceland....
and the Orkney Islands

Orkney Islands

Orkney is an archipelago in northern Scotland, situated 10 miles north of the coast of Caithness. Orkney comprises over 70 islands; around 20 are inhabited....
. Between 1773 and 1782 he was Keeper of the Natural History Department of the British Museum.

Solander invented the book-form box known as the Solander box
Solander box

A Solander box is a book-form case used for storing manuscripts, maps, prints, documents, etc. It is commonly used in archives and library. It is named after Swedish botanist Daniel Solander , who is credited with its construction while working at the British Museum....
which is still used in libraries and archives as the most suitable way of storing prints, drawings, herbarium

Herbarium

In botany, a herbarium is a collection of preserved plant specimens. These specimens may be whole plants or plant parts: these will usually be in a dried form, mounted on a sheet, but depending upon the material may also be kept in alcohol or other preservative....
materials and some manuscripts.

He died at Banks' home in Soho Square of a stroke

Stroke

A stroke is the rapidly developing loss of brain function due to a disturbance in the blood supply to the brain. According to the National Stroke Association, a "stroke" occurs when a blood clot blocks and artery or a blood vessel breaks, interrupting blood flow to an area of the brain....
, aged 49, at 9.30pm on 13 May 1782. An autopsy was performed the next day, and revealed a brain haemorrhage.

Solander Gardens in the east end of London is named after him, as are the Solander Islands

Solander Islands

The Solander Islands are a small chain of uninhabited volcano islets lying at , close to the western end of the Foveaux Strait in southern New Zealand....
off New Zealand

New Zealand

New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses , and numerous Islands of New Zealand, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands....
's South Island. One of the many plants named in his honour is Nothofagus solandri. He was associated with Banks in Illustrations of the Botany of Captain Cook's Voyage Round the World, and his The Natural History of Many Curious and Uncommon Zoophytes, Collected by the late John Ellis, was published posthumously in 1786.

External links

biography on the website of his home town Piteå
at ADB online