Sebastiano del Piombo

Sebastiano Del Piombo

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Sebastiano del Piombo

Sebastiano del Piombo (c. 1485, Venice

Venice

Venice is a city in northern Italy, the capital city of the Italian regions Veneto, a population of 271,251 . Together with Padua, Italy, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area ....
– June 21, 1547, Rome

Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
), byname of Sebastiano Luciani, was an Italian

Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
Renaissance

Renaissance

The Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned roughly the 14th to the 17th century, beginning in Italy in the late Middle Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe....
-Mannerist

Mannerism

Mannerism is a Art periods of European art which emerged from the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520. It lasted until about 1580 in Italy, when a more Baroque style began to replace it, but continued into the seventeenth century throughout much of Europe....
painter of the early 16th century famous for his combination of the colors of the Venetian school

Venetian School

In music history, the Venetian School is a term used to describe the composers working in Venice from about 1550 to around 1610; it also describes the music they produced....
and the monumental forms of the Roman school.

stiano del Piombo belongs to the Venetian school, but was active for a large portion of his career in Rome.

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Sebastiano del Piombo (c. 1485, Venice

Venice

Rome

Italy

Renaissance

The Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned roughly the 14th to the 17th century, beginning in Italy in the late Middle Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe....
-Mannerist

Mannerism

Venetian School

Biography

Sebastiano del Piombo belongs to the Venetian school, but was active for a large portion of his career in Rome. At first a musician, chiefly a soloist on the lute, he was in great request among the Venetian nobility. He soon showed a turn for painting, and became a pupil of Giovanni Bellini

Giovanni Bellini

Giovanni Bellini was an Italy Renaissance painter, probably the best known of the Bellini family of Venice painters. His father was Jacopo Bellini, his brother was Gentile Bellini, and his brother-in-law was Andrea Mantegna....
and afterwards of Giorgione

Giorgione

Giorgione is the familiar name of Giorgio Barbarelli da Castelfranco, an Italy painter, a seminal artist of the High Renaissance in Venice....
, whose influence is apparent in his works. Some of Sebastiano's works were indeed confused with Giorgione's, i.e. the Salomè
Salome

Salome or Salom? the Daughter of Herodias , is known from the New Testament in connection with the death of John the Baptist. Another source from Antiquity, Flavius Josephus' Jewish Antiquities, gives her name and some detail about her family relations....
of 1510.

His first painting of note was done for the church of San Giovanni Crisostomo, Venice

San Giovanni Crisostomo, Venice

The church of San Giovanni Crisostomo, Venice is a small church in the sestiere or neighborhood of Castello, Venice.The church was founded in 1080, destroyed by fire in 1475, then rebuilt starting in 1497 by Mauro Codussi and his son, Domenico....
, and is so closely modeled on the style of Giorgione that in its author's time it often passed for the work of that master. It represents Saint John Chrysostom

John Chrysostom

'Saint John Chrysostom' , archbishop of Constantinople, was an important Early Church Father. He is known for his eloquence in Sermon and public speaking, his denunciation of abuse of authority by both ecclesiastical and political leaders, the Divine Liturgy of St....
reading aloud at a desk, a grand Magdalene in front, and two other female and three male saints.

Roman works

in San Pietro in Montorio]] Towards 1511-1512 del Piombo aided Baldassarre Peruzzi in mythologic themes for lunettes in the Sala di Galatea

Galatea (Raphael)

The Triumph of Galatea is a fresco masterpiece completed in 1512 by the Italy painter Raphael for the Villa Farnesina in Rome.The Farnesina was built for the Siena banker Agostino Chigi, one of the richest men of that age....
in the villa now-called the Farnesina

Villa Farnesina

Villa Farnesina is an artistically and architecturally influential Renaissance villa in Via della Lungara, in the central district of Trastevere in Rome....
. There he would have worked alongside Raphael

Raphael

Greek mythology

Greek mythology is the body of myths and legends belonging to the Ancient Greece concerning their List of Greek mythological figures#Immortals and Greek hero cult, Cosmology#Metaphysical cosmology, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices....
-inspired frescoes.

According to Vasari, Michelangelo

Michelangelo

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni , commonly known as Michelangelo, was an Italian Renaissance Painting, sculptor, architect, poet, and engineer....
befriended Sebastiano and offered pictorial designs for him to develop in paint. Four pictures for which this is claimed are the Pietà in the church of the Conventuali, Viterbo

Viterbo

Viterbo is an ancient city and comune in the Latium region of central Italy, the capital of the province of Viterbo. It is approximately 100 kilometers north of Rome on the Via Cassia, and it is surrounded by the Monti Cimini and Monti Volsini....
; the Transfiguration and the Flagellation in the Borgherini Chapel of the church of San Pietro in Montorio

San Pietro in Montorio

San Pietro in Montorio is a church in Rome, which includes in its courtyard The Tempietto built by Donato Bramante....
, Rome; and, most celebrated of all, the Raising of Lazarus, now in the National Gallery, London

National Gallery, London

The National Gallery in London, founded in 1824, houses a rich collection of over 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900 in its home on Trafalgar Square....
. This grand work - more remarkable for general strength of pictorial perception than for qualities of detailed intellectual or emotional expression - is more than 3,5 by 2,5 meters in dimensions, with the principal figures of the natural size transferred from wood to canvas in 1771. It was painted in 1517-1519 for Giulio de Medici, for the bishop of Narbonne, afterwards Pope Clement VII

Pope Clement VII

Pope Clement VII , born Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici, was a Cardinal from 1513 to 1523 and was Pope from 1523 to 1534....
; and it remained in Narbonne cathedral until purchased by the duke of Orleans early in the eighteenth century, coming to England

England

Orleans Collection

The Orl?ans Collection was a very important collection of over 500 paintings formed by the French prince of the blood Philippe II, Duke of Orl?ans, mostly acquired between about 1700 and his death in 1723....
in 1792. It has been generally admitted that the design of Michelangelo

Michelangelo

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni , commonly known as Michelangelo, was an Italian Renaissance Painting, sculptor, architect, poet, and engineer....
appears in the figure of Lazarus and of those who are busied about him (the British Museum

British Museum

The British Museum is a museum of human history and culture situated in London. Its collections, which number more than 7 million Object , are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginning to the present....
contains two sketches of the Lazarus regarded as Michelangelo's handwork); but whether he actually touched the panel, as has often been said, appears more than doubtful, as he left Rome

Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
about the time when the picture was commenced. Raphael's

Raphael

Raphael Sanzio, usually known by his first name alone was an Italy Painting and architect of the High Renaissance, celebrated for the perfection and grace of his paintings and drawings....
Transfiguration
Transfiguration (Raphael)

The Transfiguration is considered the last painting by the Italy High Renaissance master Raphael. It was left unfinished by Raphael, and is believed to have been completed by his pupil, Giulio Romano, shortly after Raphael's death in 1520....
was painted for the same patron and the same destination. The two works were exhibited together, and some admirers did not scruple to give the preference to Sebastiano.

His Flagellation of Christ, though ordinarily termed a fresco

Fresco

Fresco is any of several related painting types, done on plaster on walls or ceilings. The word fresco comes from the Italian word affresco which derives from the adjective fresco , which has Latin origins....
, is, according to Vasari

Giorgio Vasari

Giorgio Vasari was an Italy Painting and architect, who is today famous for his biography of Italian artists, considered the ideological foundation of art history writing....
, painted in oil upon the wall. This was a method first practiced by Domenico Veneziano

Domenico Veneziano

Domenico Veneziano was an Italy painter of the early Renaissance, active mostly in Perugia and Tuscany.Little is known of his birth, though he is thought to have been born in Venice, hence his last name....
, and afterwards by other artists; but Sebastiano alone succeeded in preventing the blackening of the colours. The design for the figure of Christ in this picture is supposed by many to have been supplied by Michelangelo

Michelangelo

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni , commonly known as Michelangelo, was an Italian Renaissance Painting, sculptor, architect, poet, and engineer....
. Sebastiano, always a tardy worker, was occupied about six years upon this work, along with its companion the Transfiguration, and the allied figures of saints.

Elevation to office of Piombo

After the elevation of Giulio de Medici to the pontificate, the office of the piombo (or leaden seal) that is, the office of sealer of briefs of the apostolic chamber became vacant; two painters competed for it, Sebastiano Luciani, hitherto a comparatively poor man, and Giovanni da Udine. Sebastiano, assuming the habit of a friar, secured the very lucrative appointment with the proviso that he should pay out of his emoluments 300 scudi per annum to Giovanni. The name "del Piombo" came from this office. If he had heretofore been slow in paintings he became now supine in a marked degree.

One of the few subject-pictures which he executed after taking office was Christ carrying the Cross for the patriarch of Aquileia

Aquileia

Aquileia is an ancient history Roman Republic city in what is now Italy, at the head of the Adriatic Sea at the edge of the lagoons, about 10 km from the sea, on the river Natiso , the course of which has changed somewhat since Roman times....
, also a Madonna with the body of Christ. The former painting is done on stone, a method invented by Sebastiano himself. He likewise painted at times on slate-as in the instance of Christ on the Cross, now in the Berlin gallery, where the slate constitutes the background. In the same method, and also in the same gallery, is the Dead Christ supported by Joseph of Arimathea

Joseph of Arimathea

Joseph of Arimathea was, according to the Gospels, the man who donated his own prepared sepulchre for the burial of Jesus after Jesus' Crucifixion of Jesus....
, with a weeping Magdalene

Magdalene

Magdalene, Magdalen or Magda may refer to:*Magdalen Islands, an archipelago in the Canadian province of Quebec*Magdalene College, Cambridge, one of the constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge...
colossal half-length figures. , 1520]] Late in life Sebastiano had a serious disagreement with Michelangelo

Michelangelo

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni , commonly known as Michelangelo, was an Italian Renaissance Painting, sculptor, architect, poet, and engineer....
with reference to the Florentine's great picture of the Last Judgment

The Last Judgment (Michelangelo)

The Last Judgment is a fresco by Michelangelo on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City. It took nine years to complete. Michelangelo began working on it three decades after finishing the Sistine chapel ceiling....
. Sebastiano encouraged the pope to insist that this picture should be executed in oil. Michelangelo, determined from the first upon nothing but fresco, tartly replied to his holiness that oil was only fit for women and for sluggards like Friar Sebastian; and the coolness between the two painters lasted almost up to the friar's death. This event, consequent upon a violent fever acting rapidly upon a very sanguine temperament, took place in Rome

Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
in 1547. Sebastiano directed that his burial, in the church of Santa Maria del Popolo

Santa Maria del Popolo

Santa Maria del Popolo is a notable Augustinian church located in Rome.It stands to the north side of the Piazza del Popolo, one of the most famous squares of the city, between the ancient Porta Flaminia and the Pincio park....
, should be conducted without ceremony of priests, friars or lights, and that the cost thus saved should go to the poor.

Numerous pupils sought training from Sebastiano del Piombo; but, owing to his dilatory and self-indulgent habits, few adapted his style with the exception of Tommaso Laureti

Tommaso Laureti

Tommaso Laureti, often called Tommaso Laureti Siciliano , was a italy painter from Sicily who trained in the atelier of the aged Sebastiano del Piombo and worked in Bologna and, from 1582, for papal patrons in Rome in a Michelangelo-inspired style with special skill in illusionistic perspective that in his Roman work avoided all but t...
. Sebastiano, conscious of his deficiency in the higher sphere of invention, made himself especially celebrated as a portrait painter: the likeness of Andrea Doria

Andrea Doria

Andrea Doria or D'Oria was a Genoa Condottieri and admiral....
, in the Doria Palace

Doria Pamphilj Gallery

The Doria Pamphilj Gallery is a large art collection housed in the Palazzo Doria Pamphilj in Rome. It is situated between the Via del Corso and Via della Gatta....
, Rome

Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
, is one of the most renowned. In the National Gallery, London

National Gallery, London

The National Gallery in London, founded in 1824, houses a rich collection of over 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900 in its home on Trafalgar Square....
, are two fine specimens; one canvas represents the friar himself, along with Cardinal Ippolito de Medici; the other, a portrait of a lady in the character of St Agatha, used to be identified with one of Sebastiano's prime works, the likeness of Julia Gonzaga (painted for her lover, the aforenamed cardinal), but this assumption is now discredited. Other portraits include those of Marcantonio Colonna

Marcantonio Colonna

Marcantonio Colonna , Duke and Prince of Paliano, was an Italian people general and admiral....
, Vittoria Colonna

Vittoria Colonna

Vittoria Colonna , marchioness of Pescara, was an Italy noblewoman and poet....
, Ferdinand marquis of Pescara

Pescara

Pescara is the capital city of the Province of Pescara, in the Abruzzo Regions of Italy of Italy. As of January 1, 2007 it was the most populated city within Abruzzo at 123,059 residents....
, Popes Adrian VI

Pope Adrian VI

Pope Adrian VI , born Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens, served as Bishop of Rome from 9 January 1522 until his death some 18 months later. He was the last non-Italian pope until John Paul II, 456 years later....
, Clement VII

Pope Clement VII

Pope Clement VII , born Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici, was a Cardinal from 1513 to 1523 and was Pope from 1523 to 1534....
and Paul III

Pope Paul III

Pope Paul III , born Alessandro Farnese, was Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1534 to his death in 1549. He also called the Council of Trent in 1545....
, Sanmicheli, Anton Francesco degli Albizzi and Pietro Aretino

Pietro Aretino

Pietro Aretino was an Italy author, playwright, poet and satirist who wielded immense influence on contemporary art and politics and invented modern literate pornography....
. One likeness of the last-named sitter is in Arezzo

Arezzo

Arezzo or Arretium is a city in central Italy, capital of Province of Arezzo, located in Tuscany. Arezzo is about 80 km south-east of Florence, at an elevation of 296 meters above sea level....
and another in the Berlin gallery.

Partial anthology of works

Saint John Chrysostom (1509)
Polyphemus
Polyphemus

Polyphemus , the gigantic one-eyed son of Poseidon and Thoosa, is a character in Greek mythology, one of the Cyclops. His name means "famous". Polyphemus plays a pivotal role in Homer's Odyssey....
(1511) - fresco, Villa Farnesina
Villa Farnesina

Villa Farnesina is an artistically and architecturally influential Renaissance villa in Via della Lungara, in the central district of Trastevere in Rome....
, Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
The Metamorphosis (1511) - fresco, Villa Farnesina
Villa Farnesina

Villa Farnesina is an artistically and architecturally influential Renaissance villa in Via della Lungara, in the central district of Trastevere in Rome....
, Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
Salome
Martyrdom of St. Agatha - Palazzo Pitti
Palazzo Pitti

The Palazzo Pitti , in English sometimes called the Pitti Palace, is a vast mainly Renaissance palace in Florence, Italy. It is situated on the south side of the Arno River, a short distance from the Ponte Vecchio....
, Florence
Florence

Florence is the Capital city of the Italy Regions of Italy of Tuscany and of the provinces of Italy Province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany and has a population of 364,779 ....
Transfiguration and the Flagellation San Pietro in Montorio
San Pietro in Montorio

San Pietro in Montorio is a church in Rome, which includes in its courtyard The Tempietto built by Donato Bramante....
, Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
Portrait of a Man (c. 1515) - Oil on poplar, 115 x 94 cm, Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest
Budapest

Budapest is the Capitals of Hungary of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it serves as the country's principal political, cultural, commerce, Industry, and transportation center and is considered an important hub in Central Europe....
Portrait of a Girl (c. 1515) - Oil on wood, 52,5 x 42,8 cm, Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest
Budapest

Budapest is the Capitals of Hungary of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it serves as the country's principal political, cultural, commerce, Industry, and transportation center and is considered an important hub in Central Europe....
Portrait of a Warrior (c. 1515)
Pietà
Pietà

The Piet? is a subject in Christian art depicting the Virgin Mary cradling the dead body of Jesus, most often found in sculpture. As such, it is a particular form of the Lamentation of Christ, a scene from the Passion of Christ found in cycles of the Life of Christ....
(c. 1517) - Panel painting, Museo Civico, Viterbo
Viterbo

Viterbo is an ancient city and comune in the Latium region of central Italy, the capital of the province of Viterbo. It is approximately 100 kilometers north of Rome on the Via Cassia, and it is surrounded by the Monti Cimini and Monti Volsini....
, Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
The Raising of Lazarus
Raising of Lazarus (Sebastiano del Piombo)

The Raising of Lazarus is a large altarpiece by the Italy High Renaissance artist Sebastiano del Piombo.In 1516 the archbishop of Narbonne, then Cardinal Pope Clement VII , commissioned a Raising of Lazarus from Sebastiano Luciani in competition with Raphael's late masterpiece the Transfiguration , commissioned earlier that yea...
(1519) National Gallery
National Gallery, London

The National Gallery in London, founded in 1824, houses a rich collection of over 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900 in its home on Trafalgar Square....
, London
London

London is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and the most populous municipality in the European Union. An important settlement for two millennia, History of London goes back to its founding by the Roman Empire....
Portrait of Andrea Doria
Portrait of Andrea Doria (Del Piombo)

The Portrait of Andrea Doria is a painting finished circa 1526 by the Italy High Renaissance painter Sebastiano Del Piombo. It is housed in the Doria Pamphilj Gallery of Rome....
(1526) Galleria Doria Pamphilj
Doria Pamphilj Gallery

The Doria Pamphilj Gallery is a large art collection housed in the Palazzo Doria Pamphilj in Rome. It is situated between the Via del Corso and Via della Gatta....
, Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
Portrait of Clement VII (1526) Getty Museum, Los Angeles
Los Ángeles

Los ?ngeles is the Capital of the Biob?o Province, in the municipality of the same name, in Regions of Chile VIII , in the center-south of Chile....
Birth of the Virgin - Oil on peperino, Santa Maria del Popolo
Santa Maria del Popolo

Santa Maria del Popolo is a notable Augustinian church located in Rome.It stands to the north side of the Piazza del Popolo, one of the most famous squares of the city, between the ancient Porta Flaminia and the Pincio park....
, Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
Christ Bearing the Cross (1535-1540) - Oil on slate, 157 x 118 cm, Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest
Budapest

Budapest is the Capitals of Hungary of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it serves as the country's principal political, cultural, commerce, Industry, and transportation center and is considered an important hub in Central Europe....
Christ descending into Limbo - Prado Museum, Madrid
Madrid

Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
Portrait of a Young Woman as a Wise Virgin (1510) National Gallery, Washington D.C.
Cardinal Bandinello Sauli, His Secretary, and Two Geographers (1516) National Gallery, Washington D.C.
Portrait of a Humanist (1520) National Gallery, Washington D.C.
A Prophet Addressed by an Angel (1516-17) National Gallery, Washington D.C.

Sebastiano del Piombo

Biography

Roman works

Elevation to office of Piombo

Partial anthology of works

External links