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The Camunni or ancient Camunians (Greek
Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
: for Strabo
Strabo

Strabo was a Ancient Greeks history, geography and philosophy....
 or for Cassius Dio) were an Alpine
Alpine

The term alpine refers to the Alps, a European mountain range. It is also found in many other instances, which may or may not be related to the mountains:...
 people who inhabited the valley of the Ollius (modern Oglio), from the central chain of the Rhaetian Alps
Rhaetian Alps

The Rhaetian Alps are a part of the Central Eastern Alps along the Italian?Swiss and Austrian?Swiss borders, mostly located in the Graub?nden canton in eastern Switzerland....
 to the head of the Lacus Sebinus (modern Lago d'Iseo). This valley, which is still called the Val Camonica
Val Camonica

Val Camonica is one of the largest valleys of the central Alps, in eastern Lombardy, about 90 km long. It starts from the Tonale Pass, at 1883 metres above sea level and ends at Corna Trentapassi in the comune of Pisogne, near Lake Iseo....
, is one of the most extensive on the Italian
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
 side of the Alps
Alps

The Alps is the name for one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria and Slovenia in the east; through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany; to France in the west....
, being over 100 km in length. The actual inhabitants of Val Camonica
Val Camonica

Val Camonica is one of the largest valleys of the central Alps, in eastern Lombardy, about 90 km long. It starts from the Tonale Pass, at 1883 metres above sea level and ends at Corna Trentapassi in the comune of Pisogne, near Lake Iseo....
 are called Camunians (Italian: Camuni).

According to Pliny
Pliny the Elder

Gaius Plinius Secundus , better known as Pliny the Elder, was an ancient author, naturalist or natural philosopher and naval and military commander of some importance who wrote Natural History ....
, the Camunni were a Euganean
Euganei

The Euganei is a semi-mythical proto-Italic ethnic group that dwelt near present-day Verona. They were according to Titus Livius' The History of Rome defeated by the Adriatic Veneti and the Troy....
 tribe, while Strabo
Strabo

Strabo was a Ancient Greeks history, geography and philosophy....
 reckons them among the Rhaetians
Raetia

File:REmpire Rhetia.pngRaetia was a Roman province of the Roman Empire, bounded on the west by the country of the Helvetii, on the east by Noricum, on the north by Vindelicia, and on the south by Cisalpine Gaul....
.

The name of the Camunni appears among the Alpine tribes who were reduced to subjection by Roman
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 emperor Augustus, after which the inhabitants of all these valleys were attached, as dependents, to the neighbouring towns of Gallia Transpadana ("finitimis attributi municipiis", Plin.






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The Camunni or ancient Camunians (Greek
Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
: for Strabo
Strabo

Strabo was a Ancient Greeks history, geography and philosophy....
 or for Cassius Dio) were an Alpine
Alpine

The term alpine refers to the Alps, a European mountain range. It is also found in many other instances, which may or may not be related to the mountains:...
 people who inhabited the valley of the Ollius (modern Oglio), from the central chain of the Rhaetian Alps
Rhaetian Alps

The Rhaetian Alps are a part of the Central Eastern Alps along the Italian?Swiss and Austrian?Swiss borders, mostly located in the Graub?nden canton in eastern Switzerland....
 to the head of the Lacus Sebinus (modern Lago d'Iseo). This valley, which is still called the Val Camonica
Val Camonica

Val Camonica is one of the largest valleys of the central Alps, in eastern Lombardy, about 90 km long. It starts from the Tonale Pass, at 1883 metres above sea level and ends at Corna Trentapassi in the comune of Pisogne, near Lake Iseo....
, is one of the most extensive on the Italian
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
 side of the Alps
Alps

The Alps is the name for one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria and Slovenia in the east; through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany; to France in the west....
, being over 100 km in length. The actual inhabitants of Val Camonica
Val Camonica

Val Camonica is one of the largest valleys of the central Alps, in eastern Lombardy, about 90 km long. It starts from the Tonale Pass, at 1883 metres above sea level and ends at Corna Trentapassi in the comune of Pisogne, near Lake Iseo....
 are called Camunians (Italian: Camuni).

According to Pliny
Pliny the Elder

Gaius Plinius Secundus , better known as Pliny the Elder, was an ancient author, naturalist or natural philosopher and naval and military commander of some importance who wrote Natural History ....
, the Camunni were a Euganean
Euganei

The Euganei is a semi-mythical proto-Italic ethnic group that dwelt near present-day Verona. They were according to Titus Livius' The History of Rome defeated by the Adriatic Veneti and the Troy....
 tribe, while Strabo
Strabo

Strabo was a Ancient Greeks history, geography and philosophy....
 reckons them among the Rhaetians
Raetia

File:REmpire Rhetia.pngRaetia was a Roman province of the Roman Empire, bounded on the west by the country of the Helvetii, on the east by Noricum, on the north by Vindelicia, and on the south by Cisalpine Gaul....
.

The name of the Camunni appears among the Alpine tribes who were reduced to subjection by Roman
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 emperor Augustus, after which the inhabitants of all these valleys were attached, as dependents, to the neighbouring towns of Gallia Transpadana ("finitimis attributi municipiis", Plin. iii. 20. s. 24; Strab. iv. p. 206; Dion Cass. liv. 20). At a later period, however, the Camunni, appear to have formed a separate community of their own, and we find mention in inscriptions of the "Res Publica Camunnorum". (Orell. Inscr. 652, 3789.)

In the later division of the provinces, they came to be included in Regio X Venetia et Histria.

Classical references


See also

  • Rock Drawings in Valcamonica
    Rock Drawings in Valcamonica

    Val Camonica is a valley in the lower Alpine regions of Lombardy, between the province of Brescia and province of Bergamo, Italy.It is the upper valley of the river Oglio, upstream from Lake Iseo....
  • Camunic language
    Camunic language

    Camunic writing, epigraphy made by the Camunni tribe that dwelt in the Val Camonica, Brescia, Italy, is found mainly on rocks in the variety of the Old Italic alphabet that is sometimes termed the "alphabet of Sondrio." About 200 inscriptions, all dating from the first millennium BCE, are known....
  • Val Camonica
    Val Camonica

    Val Camonica is one of the largest valleys of the central Alps, in eastern Lombardy, about 90 km long. It starts from the Tonale Pass, at 1883 metres above sea level and ends at Corna Trentapassi in the comune of Pisogne, near Lake Iseo....