Wladyslaw Opolczyk
Encyclopedia
Władysław II of Opole (ca. 1332 – 18 May 1401) was a Duke of Opole
from 1356 (only formally from 1396), Count palatine
of Hungary
during 1367–1372, ruler over Lubliniec
since 1368, Duke of Wieluń
during 1370–1392, ruler over Bolesławiec from 1370 (only for his life), Governor of Galicia–Volhynia during 1372–1378, ruler over Pszczyna
during 1375–1396, Count palatine of Poland
in 1378, Duke of Dobrzyń
and Kujawy during 1378–1392 (as a Polish vassal), ruler over Głogówek from 1383 and ruler over Karniów during 1385–1392.
He was the eldest son of Duke Bolko II of Opole
by his wife Elisabeth, daughter of Duke Bernard of Świdnica
.
around 1353, where he probably remained until the death of his father in 1356.
's death, Władysław and his brothers Bolko III and Henry
inherited Opole
as co-rulers; however, the strong personality of Władysław soon dominated the whole government and encourage his brothers to accept a modest part of their inheritance. Bolko III and Henry remained as co-Dukes of Opole, but only formally.
as part of the Hungarian suite. However, the most important mission of Władysław on behalf of King Louis took place two years later (in 1366), when he negotiated the terms of a treaty between the Hungarian ruler and King Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia
.
The faithful service to the Hungarian House of Anjou resulted in the appointment of Władysław as Count palatine, which made him most important man after the King in the country. The functions of this post were primarily broad judicial powers, who could be had only with the King. In this office, Władysław showed great commitment and capability; he created the rule of four Congregatio generalis, which handled court cases. Despite his huge income, his new post in the Hungarian affected Władysław's finances.
in 1368. In 1370, after the death of Casimir III the Great, the Duke of Opole actively participated in preparing the succession of King Louis I of Hungary in the Polish throne. As a reward, King Louis give him the towns of Wieluń
and Częstochowa
.
By that time, Władysław's brother Bolko III inherited Strzelce Opolskie
from their uncle Albert
and with this, the Duke of Opole could maintain the sole government over his domains (the youngest brother, Henry, died in 1365 without issue).
In 1371 Władysław led an armed expedition against King John of Bohemia (who caused a terrible devastation of Moravia
); however, this didn't prevent the fact, that, years later later, the Duke of Opole was the head of a mission of mediation to resolve the dispute between the Emperor Charles IV and King Louis I.
, which caused the angry of the local boyards, who were strongly Catholics.
Probably following Władysław's advices, in 1374 King Louis I published an earthly privilege for the nobility in Koszyce
, which ensured the succession of the King's daughters after his death.
from Poland to Hungary, forced King Louis to release Władysław from his post of Governor and appointed him with the empty position of Polish Count palatine. But almost immediately Władysław had to faced the strong resistance of the Polish nobility, dissatisfied with the decision of King Louis to named heirs to his daughters, and soon was forced to resign.
As compensation for his resignation, the Duke of Opole received from the Hungarian ruler the towns of Dobrzyń
, part of Kujawy, Bydgoszcz, Inowrocław and Gniewkowo
. These territories were on the border of the Teutonic Order lands, which soon shortly Władysław established close contacts, who included allowed the prosecution of criminals by Teutonic hnights in his domains.
In Kujawy, Władysław entered in a dispute over finances with the Bishop of Płock, Dobiesław Sówka, resulting in the excommunication
of the Duke, who was repealed a year later by the Archbishop of Gniezno
. As a gest of reconciliation with the Church, Władysław founded the Pauline
monastery of Our Lady at Jasna Góra in Częstochowa; also, the Duke brought the famous Black Madonna of Częstochowa
, who according to oldest documents, travelled from Jerusalem, via Constantinople
and Bełz, to finally reach Częstochowa in August 1382.
The deaths of his brother Bolko III (21 October 1382), leaving four minor sons, and one month later (14 September) of the Duke Henry of Niemodlin
without issue, made it possible to Władysław extend his influence on Upper Silesia
, as a rule over Strzelce
and Niemodlin
(although only as a regent of his nephews) and Głogówek (granted to him one year later, in 1383). The Duke of Opole also supported the Church career of the eldest son of Bolko III, Jan
(later nicknamed Kropidło) trying to obtain for him, despite his young age, the dignity of the Bishop of Poznań
.
and William of Habsburg
) for Duke Siemowit IV of Płock
.
Contrary to the old historiography, the Duke of Opole supported the new Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło
during the first period of his reign. Some historians accept the fact that in 1386 Władysław stood at the King's godfather when he converted to the Catholic faith. However, the cooperation between the Duke of Opole and the King was short-lived: in 1388, after the King dispossessed him from Bydgoszcz, the Duke lead a coup who planned to capture the King and Wawel castle
. Defeated and captured by the Starost General Sędziwój Pałuka, Władysław was forced to capitulate and resign from any claim to the Polish throne. King Władysław II Jagiełło also blocked the nomination of Jan Kropidło for the post of Archbishop of Gniezno
.
However, the attitude of Władysław wasn't change and in 1393 he sold his rights over Dobrzyń
to the Teutonic Order. Has also tried to encourage the Great master of the Teutonic Order, Konrad von Wallenrode
, to attack the Kingdom with the combination of the troops of Teutonic knights in Poland
, Hungary
and Bohemia
, but the conflict ended unexpectedly. The war, who began successfully (for example, with the siege to Nowy Korczyn
on 26 July 1393), finally ended in 1396, when the royal army have decided to attack the Silesian lands of Władysław. After the Polish troops took control over Strzelce, on 6 August of that year, Władysław's nephews decided to make peace with the King of Poland. Since then, the government of the Duchy of Opole was virtually taken over by the sons of Bolko III, and Władysław was relegated to a second plan.
Disappointed because of his ambitions failed disastrously, Władysław died on 18 May 1401 in Opole, and was buried in the local Franciscan
monastery.
, Władysław married firstly with Elisabeth (b. 1340 - d. ca. 1369), who, according to some sources was a daughter of Andrzej Lackfich, Voivode of Transylvania
, and by others she was daughter of Nicolae Alexandru Bassaraba, Voivode of Wallachia
. They had three daughters:
By 1369, Władysław married secondly with Euphemia (b. ca. 1352 - d. by 9 December 1424), daughter of Duke Siemowit III of Masovia
. They had two daughters:
Because he died without male heirs, Władysław's nephews Bolko IV and Bernard inherited the whole Duchy except Głogówek, who was given by the late Duke to his wife Euphemia as her Oprawa wdowia.
Opole
Opole is a city in southern Poland on the Oder River . It has a population of 125,992 and is the capital of the Upper Silesia, Opole Voivodeship and, also the seat of Opole County...
from 1356 (only formally from 1396), Count palatine
Count palatine
Count palatine is a high noble title, used to render several comital styles, in some cases also shortened to Palatine, which can have other meanings as well.-Comes palatinus:...
of Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
during 1367–1372, ruler over Lubliniec
Lubliniec
Lubliniec is a town in southern Poland with 29,359 inhabitants . It is the capital of Lubliniec County, part of Silesian Voivodeship ; previously it was in Częstochowa Voivodeship .-Geography:...
since 1368, Duke of Wieluń
Wielun
Wieluń is a city in central Poland with 24,347 inhabitants . Situated in the Łódź Voivodeship , it was previously in Sieradz Voivodeship .- History :...
during 1370–1392, ruler over Bolesławiec from 1370 (only for his life), Governor of Galicia–Volhynia during 1372–1378, ruler over Pszczyna
Pszczyna
Pszczyna is a town in southern Poland with 26,827 inhabitants within the immediate gmina rising to 50,121 inhabitants in the powiat, which includes the town of Pszczyna, itself, Brzeźce , Czarków , Ćwiklice , Jankowice , Łąka , Piasek , Poręba , Rudołtowice , Studzionka , Studzienice , Wisła...
during 1375–1396, Count palatine of Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
in 1378, Duke of Dobrzyń
Dobrzyn Land
Dobrzyń Land is a historic region around the town of Dobrzyń nad Wisłą in Poland, east of the Vistula River and south of the Drwęca, where it borders on the Kulmerland...
and Kujawy during 1378–1392 (as a Polish vassal), ruler over Głogówek from 1383 and ruler over Karniów during 1385–1392.
He was the eldest son of Duke Bolko II of Opole
Bolko II of Opole
Bolko II of Opole , was a Duke of Opole since 1313 .He was the second son of Duke Bolko I of Opole by his wife Agnes, probably a daughter of Margrave Otto III of Brandenburg.-Life:...
by his wife Elisabeth, daughter of Duke Bernard of Świdnica
Bernard of Świdnica
Bernard of Świdnica was a Duke of Jawor-Lwówek-Świdnica-Ziębice during 1301–1312 , of Świdnica-Ziębice during 1312–1322 , and sole Duke of Świdnica since 1322 until his death.He was the second son of Bolko I the Strict, Duke of Jawor-Lwówek-Świdnica-Ziębice, by his wife Beatrix, daughter of Otto V...
.
Early Years
Little is known about Władysław's first years. As a young prince and in order to gain more political experience, he went to HungaryHungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
around 1353, where he probably remained until the death of his father in 1356.
Duke of Opole
After Duke Bolko IIBolko II of Opole
Bolko II of Opole , was a Duke of Opole since 1313 .He was the second son of Duke Bolko I of Opole by his wife Agnes, probably a daughter of Margrave Otto III of Brandenburg.-Life:...
's death, Władysław and his brothers Bolko III and Henry
Henry of Opole
Henry of Opole , was a Duke of Opole since 1356 until his death.He was the third and youngest son of Duke Bolko II of Opole by his wife Elisabeth, daughter of Duke Bernard of Świdnica.-Life:Little is known about his life...
inherited Opole
Opole
Opole is a city in southern Poland on the Oder River . It has a population of 125,992 and is the capital of the Upper Silesia, Opole Voivodeship and, also the seat of Opole County...
as co-rulers; however, the strong personality of Władysław soon dominated the whole government and encourage his brothers to accept a modest part of their inheritance. Bolko III and Henry remained as co-Dukes of Opole, but only formally.
Cooperation with King Louis I the Great of Hungary
The great political career of Władysław began in the mid 1360s in the Hungarian court of King Louis I. Already in 1364 he took part in the famous Congress of KrakówKraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
as part of the Hungarian suite. However, the most important mission of Władysław on behalf of King Louis took place two years later (in 1366), when he negotiated the terms of a treaty between the Hungarian ruler and King Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia
Wenceslaus, King of the Romans
Wenceslaus ) was, by election, German King from 1376 and, by inheritance, King of Bohemia from 1378. He was the third Bohemian and second German monarch of the Luxembourg dynasty...
.
The faithful service to the Hungarian House of Anjou resulted in the appointment of Władysław as Count palatine, which made him most important man after the King in the country. The functions of this post were primarily broad judicial powers, who could be had only with the King. In this office, Władysław showed great commitment and capability; he created the rule of four Congregatio generalis, which handled court cases. Despite his huge income, his new post in the Hungarian affected Władysław's finances.
The death of Casimir III the Great. Homage to the Kingdom of Poland
During his time as Count palatine, Władysław didn't stop to participated in the foreign politics; the example of this was, among others things, his trip to BulgariaBulgaria
Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
in 1368. In 1370, after the death of Casimir III the Great, the Duke of Opole actively participated in preparing the succession of King Louis I of Hungary in the Polish throne. As a reward, King Louis give him the towns of Wieluń
Wielun
Wieluń is a city in central Poland with 24,347 inhabitants . Situated in the Łódź Voivodeship , it was previously in Sieradz Voivodeship .- History :...
and Częstochowa
Czestochowa
Częstochowa is a city in south Poland on the Warta River with 240,027 inhabitants . It has been situated in the Silesian Voivodeship since 1999, and was previously the capital of Częstochowa Voivodeship...
.
By that time, Władysław's brother Bolko III inherited Strzelce Opolskie
Strzelce Opolskie
Strzelce Opolskie is a town in south-western Poland with 19,628 inhabitants , situated in the Opole Voivodeship. It is the capital of Strzelce County. Strzelce Opolskie is one of the biggest centers of German minority in Poland....
from their uncle Albert
Albert of Strzelce
Albert of Strzelce , was a Duke of Opole during 1313-1323 and Duke of Strzelce since 1323 until his death.He was the third and youngest son of Duke Bolko I of Opole by his wife Agnes, probably daughter of Margrave Otto III of Brandenburg...
and with this, the Duke of Opole could maintain the sole government over his domains (the youngest brother, Henry, died in 1365 without issue).
In 1371 Władysław led an armed expedition against King John of Bohemia (who caused a terrible devastation of Moravia
Moravia
Moravia is a historical region in Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, and one of the former Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Silesia. It takes its name from the Morava River which rises in the northwest of the region...
); however, this didn't prevent the fact, that, years later later, the Duke of Opole was the head of a mission of mediation to resolve the dispute between the Emperor Charles IV and King Louis I.
Governor of Galicia–Volhynia
In October 1372 Władysław was unexpectedly deprived from the office of Count palatine. Although he retained most of his castles and goods in Hungary, his political influence was significantly decreased. As a compensation, was made Governor of the Hungarian Galicia–Volhynia. In this new position, the Duke of Opole successfully contributing to the economic development of the territories entrusted to him. Władysław mainly resided in Lwów, but at the end of his rule he spent more time in Halicz. The only serious conflict during his time as Governor was related to his approaching to the Russian Orthodox ChurchRussian Orthodox Church
The Russian Orthodox Church or, alternatively, the Moscow Patriarchate The ROC is often said to be the largest of the Eastern Orthodox churches in the world; including all the autocephalous churches under its umbrella, its adherents number over 150 million worldwide—about half of the 300 million...
, which caused the angry of the local boyards, who were strongly Catholics.
Probably following Władysław's advices, in 1374 King Louis I published an earthly privilege for the nobility in Koszyce
Koszyce
Koszyce may refer to:*Polish name for Košice in Slovakia*Koszyce, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship *Koszyce, Lesser Poland Voivodeship...
, which ensured the succession of the King's daughters after his death.
Count palatine of Poland and ruler of Kujawy
In 1378 the departure of Queen ElisabethElisabeth of Poland
Elisabeth of Poland was Queen consort of Hungary and regent of Poland. She is also known as Elisabeth of Kujavia and Elisabeth Piast.-Early life:...
from Poland to Hungary, forced King Louis to release Władysław from his post of Governor and appointed him with the empty position of Polish Count palatine. But almost immediately Władysław had to faced the strong resistance of the Polish nobility, dissatisfied with the decision of King Louis to named heirs to his daughters, and soon was forced to resign.
As compensation for his resignation, the Duke of Opole received from the Hungarian ruler the towns of Dobrzyń
Dobrzyn Land
Dobrzyń Land is a historic region around the town of Dobrzyń nad Wisłą in Poland, east of the Vistula River and south of the Drwęca, where it borders on the Kulmerland...
, part of Kujawy, Bydgoszcz, Inowrocław and Gniewkowo
Gniewkowo
Gniewkowo is a town in Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland with a population of 7,301 .- Location :Gniewkowo is located to the south of the Bydgoszcz forest on route 52, 15 km northeast of Inowrocław and 23 km southwest of Toruń.- History :Archaeological...
. These territories were on the border of the Teutonic Order lands, which soon shortly Władysław established close contacts, who included allowed the prosecution of criminals by Teutonic hnights in his domains.
In Kujawy, Władysław entered in a dispute over finances with the Bishop of Płock, Dobiesław Sówka, resulting in the excommunication
Excommunication
Excommunication is a religious censure used to deprive, suspend or limit membership in a religious community. The word means putting [someone] out of communion. In some religions, excommunication includes spiritual condemnation of the member or group...
of the Duke, who was repealed a year later by the Archbishop of Gniezno
Gniezno
Gniezno is a city in central-western Poland, some 50 km east of Poznań, inhabited by about 70,000 people. One of the Piasts' chief cities, it was mentioned by 10th century A.D. sources as the capital of Piast Poland however the first capital of Piast realm was most likely Giecz built around...
. As a gest of reconciliation with the Church, Władysław founded the Pauline
Pauline
Pauline may refer to:Religion*An adjective referring to St Paul the Apostle or a follower of his doctrines*An adjective referring to St Paul of Thebes, also called St Paul the First Hermit...
monastery of Our Lady at Jasna Góra in Częstochowa; also, the Duke brought the famous Black Madonna of Częstochowa
Black Madonna of Czestochowa
The Black Madonna of Częstochowa is a revered icon of the Virgin Mary housed at the Jasna Góra Monastery in Częstochowa, Poland.-The icon:The origins of the icon and the date of its composition are still hotly contested among scholars...
, who according to oldest documents, travelled from Jerusalem, via Constantinople
Constantinople
Constantinople was the capital of the Roman, Eastern Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman Empires. Throughout most of the Middle Ages, Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city.-Names:...
and Bełz, to finally reach Częstochowa in August 1382.
The deaths of his brother Bolko III (21 October 1382), leaving four minor sons, and one month later (14 September) of the Duke Henry of Niemodlin
Henry of Niemodlin
Henry of Niemodlin , was a Duke of Niemodlin since 1365 until his death .He was the third and youngest son of Bolesław the Elder, Duke of Niemodlin, by his wife Euphemia, daughter of Henry VI the Good, Duke of Wrocław.-Life:After his father's death by 1365 Henry and his brothers Bolesław II and...
without issue, made it possible to Władysław extend his influence on Upper Silesia
Upper Silesia
Upper Silesia is the southeastern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia. Since the 9th century, Upper Silesia has been part of Greater Moravia, the Duchy of Bohemia, the Piast Kingdom of Poland, again of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown and the Holy Roman Empire, as well as of...
, as a rule over Strzelce
Strzelce Opolskie
Strzelce Opolskie is a town in south-western Poland with 19,628 inhabitants , situated in the Opole Voivodeship. It is the capital of Strzelce County. Strzelce Opolskie is one of the biggest centers of German minority in Poland....
and Niemodlin
Niemodlin
Niemodlin is a town in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, Poland, with 6,911 inhabitants .It was first mentioned as Nemodlin in a 1224 deed and received town privileges in 1283. Originally a part of the Duchy of Opole, after the death of Duke Bolko I Niemodlin became the capital of a duchy in his...
(although only as a regent of his nephews) and Głogówek (granted to him one year later, in 1383). The Duke of Opole also supported the Church career of the eldest son of Bolko III, Jan
Jan Kropidło
Jan Kropidło , was Duke of Strzelce 1382–96, Duke of Opole from 1396 , Bishop of Poznań 1382–84, Bishop of Włocławek 1384–89, nominate Archbishop of Gniezno 1389–94, Bishop of Kamień 1394–98, Bishop of Chełmno 1398–1402, and again Bishop of Włocławek 1402 until his death.He was the eldest son of...
(later nicknamed Kropidło) trying to obtain for him, despite his young age, the dignity of the Bishop of Poznań
Poznan
Poznań is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, with a population of 556,022 in June 2009. It is among the oldest cities in Poland, and was one of the most important centres in the early Polish state, whose first rulers were buried at Poznań's cathedral. It is sometimes claimed to be...
.
Death of Louis I and relations with Władysław II Jagiełło
On 10 September 1382 King Louis I of Hungary, Władysław's protector, died. Despite the earlier support given to him to late King's daughters, Władysław put his own nomination to the royal crown. However, he wasn't popular among the Polish nobility, who decanted (in connection with the broken engagement between Queen HedwigJadwiga of Poland
Jadwiga was monarch of Poland from 1384 to her death. Her official title was 'king' rather than 'queen', reflecting that she was a sovereign in her own right and not merely a royal consort. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, the daughter of King Louis I of Hungary and Elizabeth of...
and William of Habsburg
William, Duke of Austria
William the Courteous was a member and head of the Leopoldinian Line, ruler of Carinthia, Styria and Carniola.Born in Vienna, he was the oldest son of Duke Leopold the Just and his wife, Viridis Visconti, and ruled in Carinthia, Styria and Carniola.His engagement with Hedwig of Hungary, youngest...
) for Duke Siemowit IV of Płock
Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia
Siemowit IV was one of the Dukes of Masovia of the old Polish Piast royal family. His domain included the lands of Czersk, Rawa, Sochaczew, Płock and Gostynin. In 1381 he inherited Wisz and in 1387 Bełz.-Life:Siemowit IV was a son of Siemowit III...
.
Contrary to the old historiography, the Duke of Opole supported the new Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło
Jogaila
Jogaila, later 'He is known under a number of names: ; ; . See also: Jogaila : names and titles. was Grand Duke of Lithuania , king consort of Kingdom of Poland , and sole King of Poland . He ruled in Lithuania from 1377, at first with his uncle Kęstutis...
during the first period of his reign. Some historians accept the fact that in 1386 Władysław stood at the King's godfather when he converted to the Catholic faith. However, the cooperation between the Duke of Opole and the King was short-lived: in 1388, after the King dispossessed him from Bydgoszcz, the Duke lead a coup who planned to capture the King and Wawel castle
Wawel Castle
The Gothic Wawel Castle in Kraków in Poland was built at the behest of Casimir III the Great and consists of a number of structures situated around the central courtyard. In the 14th century it was rebuilt by Jogaila and Jadwiga of Poland. Their reign saw the addition of the tower called the Hen's...
. Defeated and captured by the Starost General Sędziwój Pałuka, Władysław was forced to capitulate and resign from any claim to the Polish throne. King Władysław II Jagiełło also blocked the nomination of Jan Kropidło for the post of Archbishop of Gniezno
Gniezno
Gniezno is a city in central-western Poland, some 50 km east of Poznań, inhabited by about 70,000 people. One of the Piasts' chief cities, it was mentioned by 10th century A.D. sources as the capital of Piast Poland however the first capital of Piast realm was most likely Giecz built around...
.
Cooperation with the Teutonic Order. Władysław's ambitions and war with Poland. Death
Further frictions with the King of Poland took place in May 1391, when Władysław pledged the land of Złotów to the Teutonic Order. Aware of the danger that the Teutonic Order to close to his bordes, the King ordened the deprivation of Władysław from his fiefs in Polish territory. Against the Royal power, the Duke of Opole have to capitulate, and in 1392 transferred the disputed territories to Poland (with the exception of Bolesławiec, which, completely loyal to Władysław, only accepted the annexation to the Polish Kingdom after the death of the Duke of Opole).However, the attitude of Władysław wasn't change and in 1393 he sold his rights over Dobrzyń
Dobrzyn Land
Dobrzyń Land is a historic region around the town of Dobrzyń nad Wisłą in Poland, east of the Vistula River and south of the Drwęca, where it borders on the Kulmerland...
to the Teutonic Order. Has also tried to encourage the Great master of the Teutonic Order, Konrad von Wallenrode
Konrad von Wallenrode
Konrad von Wallenrode was the 24th Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, serving from 1391 to 1393. Modern sources are friendly towards Konrad, although they claim he was hot-blooded, proud, and had tendencies to be cruel....
, to attack the Kingdom with the combination of the troops of Teutonic knights in Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
and Bohemia
Bohemia
Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...
, but the conflict ended unexpectedly. The war, who began successfully (for example, with the siege to Nowy Korczyn
Nowy Korczyn
Nowy Korczyn is a village in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina called Gmina Nowy Korczyn. It lies approximately south of Busko-Zdrój and south of the regional capital Kielce. It is located close to the confluence of the Nida and...
on 26 July 1393), finally ended in 1396, when the royal army have decided to attack the Silesian lands of Władysław. After the Polish troops took control over Strzelce, on 6 August of that year, Władysław's nephews decided to make peace with the King of Poland. Since then, the government of the Duchy of Opole was virtually taken over by the sons of Bolko III, and Władysław was relegated to a second plan.
Disappointed because of his ambitions failed disastrously, Władysław died on 18 May 1401 in Opole, and was buried in the local Franciscan
Franciscan
Most Franciscans are members of Roman Catholic religious orders founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. Besides Roman Catholic communities, there are also Old Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, ecumenical and Non-denominational Franciscan communities....
monastery.
Marriages and Issue
Around 1355 and during his stay in HungaryHungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
, Władysław married firstly with Elisabeth (b. 1340 - d. ca. 1369), who, according to some sources was a daughter of Andrzej Lackfich, Voivode of Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
, and by others she was daughter of Nicolae Alexandru Bassaraba, Voivode of Wallachia
Wallachia
Wallachia or Walachia is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians...
. They had three daughters:
- Kinga (b. 1355/57 - d. aft. 1369), a nun at Alt-Buda.
- Elisabeth [Agnes] (b. 1360 - d. by 9 September 1411), married in 1372 to Margrave Jobst of MoraviaJobst of MoraviaJobst of Moravia, Jobst von Mähren from the House of Luxembourg was the eldest son of Margrave John Henry of Moravia, the younger brother of Emperor Charles IV....
. - Katharina (b. ca. 26 March 1367 - d. 6 June 1420), married in 1382 to Duke Henry VIII of Żagań-Głogów-ŚcinawaHenry VIII the SparrowHenry VIII the Sparrow was a Duke of Żagań–Głogów during 1368–1378 , from 1378 ruler over Zielona Góra, Szprotawa, Kożuchów, Przemków and Sulechów, and since 1395 ruler over half of Głogów, Ścinawa and Bytom Odrzański.He was the second son of Henry V of Iron, Duke of Żagań–Głogów, by...
.
By 1369, Władysław married secondly with Euphemia (b. ca. 1352 - d. by 9 December 1424), daughter of Duke Siemowit III of Masovia
Siemowit III of Masovia
Siemowit III of Masovia was a prince of Masovia and a co-regent of the lands of Warsaw, Czersk, Rawa, Gostynin and other parts of Masovia.- Life :...
. They had two daughters:
- Hedwig (b. 1376/78 - d. aft. 13 May 1390), married bef. 25 January 1390 to Duke Vygantas-AlexanderVygantasVygantas was Duke of Kernavė. He was one of the sons of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania , and his second wife Uliana Alexandrovna of Tver....
of KernavėKernaveKernavė was a medieval capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and today is a tourist attraction and an archeological site . It is located in the Širvintos district municipality located in southeast Lithuania...
. - Euphemia (d. young, bef. 30 March 1408).
Because he died without male heirs, Władysław's nephews Bolko IV and Bernard inherited the whole Duchy except Głogówek, who was given by the late Duke to his wife Euphemia as her Oprawa wdowia.