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The kingdom of Tamna or Tamna guk ruled Jeju Island
Jeju-do

Jeju-do is the only special autonomous province of South Korea, situated on and coterminous with the country's largest island. Jeju-do lies in the Korea Strait, southwest of Jeollanam-do Province, of which it was a part before it became a separate province in 1946....
 from ancient times until it was absorbed by the Korean Joseon Dynasty
Joseon Dynasty

Joseon , was a sovereign state founded by Taejo Taejo of Joseon, and lasted for approximately five centuries. It was founded in the aftermath of the overthrow of the Goryeo Kingdom at what is today the city of Kaesong....
 in 1404. This kingdom is also sometimes known as Tangna, Seomna, and Tammora. All of these names mean "island country."

There is no historical record of the founding or early history of Tamna. One legend tells that the three divine founders of the country—Ko, Yang, and Bu—emerged from three holes in the ground in the 24th century BC.






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The kingdom of Tamna or Tamna guk ruled Jeju Island
Jeju-do

Jeju-do is the only special autonomous province of South Korea, situated on and coterminous with the country's largest island. Jeju-do lies in the Korea Strait, southwest of Jeollanam-do Province, of which it was a part before it became a separate province in 1946....
 from ancient times until it was absorbed by the Korean Joseon Dynasty
Joseon Dynasty

Joseon , was a sovereign state founded by Taejo Taejo of Joseon, and lasted for approximately five centuries. It was founded in the aftermath of the overthrow of the Goryeo Kingdom at what is today the city of Kaesong....
 in 1404. This kingdom is also sometimes known as Tangna, Seomna, and Tammora. All of these names mean "island country."

There is no historical record of the founding or early history of Tamna. One legend tells that the three divine founders of the country—Ko, Yang, and Bu—emerged from three holes in the ground in the 24th century BC. These holes, known as the Samseonghyeol
Samseonghyeol

The Samseonghyeol are three large holes in the ground in Jeju, Jeju on Jeju-do, an island in the northern East China Sea. The holes are located in the city's urban area on the island's central north coast....
, are still preserved in Jeju City
Jeju City

Jeju is the capital of Jeju-do in South Korea and the largest city on the island of Jeju. Its geographical location is . The city is served by Jeju International Airport ....
.

Archaeological evidence indicates that the people of Tamna were engaging in active trade with Han Dynasty
Han Dynasty

The Han Dynasty followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. The Han Dynasty was ruled by the family known as the Liu clan who had peasant origins....
 China
China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
 and Yayoi Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
, as well as mainland Korea
Korea

Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries, a civilization, and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia....
, by the first century AD. The first historical reference to the kingdom may come in the third century AD, in the chronicle of the Chinese Three Kingdoms
Three Kingdoms

The Three Kingdoms period is a period in the history of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties following immediately the loss of de facto power of the Han Dynasty emperors....
 period called the Sanguozhi. The Sanguozhi reports a strange people living on a large island near Korea, which it calls Juho (??, literally "island barbarians
Wu Hu

Wu Hu is a collective term for various non-Chinese steppe tribes during the period from the Han Dynasty to the Northern Dynasties. These Nomadic people originally resided outside China proper, but gradually migrated into Chinese areas during the years of turmoil between the Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms....
"). These people, who had a distinctive language and culture, engaged in trade with the Mahan
Mahan confederacy

Mahan was a loose confederacy of statelets that existed from around the 100BCE-300CE in the southern Korean peninsula in the Chungcheong Province....
 people of the mainland. However, the identity of Juho with Tamna has been disputed by authorities such as the North Korea
North Korea

North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea , is a state in East Asia, occupying the northern half of the Korean Peninsula....
n scholar Yi Jirin, who claims that Juho was a small island in the Yellow Sea
Yellow Sea

The Yellow Sea is the name given to the northern part of the East China Sea, which is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean. It is located between mainland China and the Korean peninsula....
. Tamna is pronounced Danluo (Traditional
Traditional Chinese character

Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. The modern shapes of traditional Chinese characters first appeared with the emergence of the clerical script during the Han Dynasty, and have been more or less stable since the 5th century The retronym "traditional Chinese" is used to contrast tr...
: ???; Simplified
Simplified Chinese character

Simplified Chinese Characters are one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of the contemporary Chinese written language. They are based mostly on popular cursive forms embodying graphic or phonetic simplifications of the "traditional" forms that were used in printed text for over a thousand years....
: ???; Pinyin
Pinyin

Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most commonly used Romanization system for Standard Mandarin. Hanyu is the Chinese Language, and pinyin means "phonetics", or more literally, "spelling sound" or "spelled sound"....
: Danluoguo; Wade-Giles
Wade-Giles

Wade-Giles , sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system for the Mandarin Chinese language used in Beijing. It developed from a system produced by Thomas Francis Wade in the mid-19th century, and reached settled form with Herbert Giles' Chinese language-English language dictionary of 1892....
: Tanluokuo) in Standard Mandarin Chinese
Standard Mandarin

Standard Mandarin, or Standard Chinese, is the official modern Spoken Chinese used in People's Republic of China and Republic of China, and is one of the four official languages of Languages of Singapore....
.

In 476, according to the Samguk Sagi
Samguk Sagi

Samguk Sagi is a historical record of the Three Kingdoms of Korea: Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla. The Samguk Sagi is written in Classical Chinese and its compilation was ordered by Goryeo King Injong and undertaken by the government official and historian Kim Busik and a team of junior scholars....
, Tamna entered into a tributary relationship with Baekje
Baekje

Baekje , or Paekche , was a kingdom located in southwest Korea. It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, together with Goguryeo and Silla....
, which controlled the southwestern Korean peninsula
Korean Peninsula

The Korean Peninsula is a peninsula in East Asia. It extends southwards for about 684 miles from continental Asia into the Pacific Ocean and is surrounded by the Sea of Japan on the east, the East China Sea to the south, and the Yellow Sea to the west, the Korea Strait connecting the first two bodies of water....
 and enjoyed strong ties with Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
. It was thus a natural partner for Tamna. As Baekje waned, Tamna turned to Silla
Silla

Silla was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, and the longest sustaining dynasty in Asian history. Although it was founded by King Bak Hyeokgeose of Silla, who is also known to be the originator of the Korean family name Park , the dynasty was to see the Kyungju Kim clan hold rule for most of its 992-year history....
 instead. At some point near the end of the Three Kingdoms period, Tamna officially subjugated itself to Silla. Silla then conferred on the three princes of Tamna the titles which they would hold for the remainder of the kingdom's history: Seongju (??, ??), Wangja (??, ??), and Donae (??, ??). Some sources indicate that this took place during the reign of King Munmu of Silla in the late 7th century AD.

Tamna briefly reclaimed its independence after the fall of Silla in 935. However, it was subjugated by the Goryeo Dynasty in 938, and officially annexed in 1105. However, the kingdom maintained local autonomy until 1404, when Taejong of Joseon
Taejong of Joseon

Taejong was the third king of the Joseon Dynasty in Korea and the father of Sejong the Great of Joseon....
 placed it under firm central control and brought the Tamna kingdom to an end. One interesting event that took place during these later years of Tamna was the Sambyeolcho Rebellion
Sambyeolcho Rebellion

The Sambyeolcho Rebellion was a Korean rebellion against the Goryeo Dynasty that happened at the last stage of the Mongol invasions of Korea....
, which came to a bloody end on Jeju Island in 1274.

Sovereigns and governors of Tamna

  1. ????(????) Go'eulla-wang
  2. ?? Geon-wang
  3. ??? Samgye-wang
  4. ??? Ilmang-wang
  5. ??? Doje-wang
  6. ??? Eongyeong-wang
  7. ??? Bomyeong-wang
  8. ??? Haengcheon-wang
  9. ?? Hwan-wang
  10. ?? Sig-wang
  11. ?? Ug-wang
  12. ?? Hwang-wang
  13. ?? Wi-wang
  14. ?? Yeong-wang
  15. ?? Hu-wang
  16. ??? Dumyeong-wang
  17. ??? Seonju-wang
  18. ??? Jinam-wang
  19. ??? Seongbang-wang
  20. ??? Munseong-wang
  21. ?? Ig-wang
  22. ??? Jihyo-wang
  23. ?? Sug-wang
  24. ??? Hyeonbang-wang
  25. ?? Gi-wang
  26. ?? Dam-wang
  27. ??? Ji'un-wang
  28. ?? Seo-wang
  29. ??? Damyeong-wang
  30. ?? Dam-wang
  31. ??? Chesam-wang
  32. ??? Seongjin-wang
  33. ?? Hong-wang
  34. ??? Cheoryang-wang
  35. ?? Won-wang
  36. ??? Pyoryun-wang
  37. ?? Hyeong-wang
  38. ??? Chido-wang
  39. ?? Ug-wang
  40. ??? Cheonwon-wang
  41. ??? Hogong-wang
  42. ?? So-wang
  43. ??? Gyeongjig-wang
  44. ?? Min-wang
  45. ???(???) Jagyeon-wang /???(???) Go Jagyeon: ????(????) Tamna-gunju (933 ~938)


  • ???(???) Go Mallo
  • ???(???) Go Bong'ye


See also

  • List of Korea-related topics
    List of Korea-related topics

    This is a list of articles on Korea-related people, places, things, and concepts. For help on how to use this list, see the #Introduction below....
  • History of Korea
    History of Korea

    The history of Korea stretches from Lower Paleolithic times to the present. The earliest known Korean pottery dates to around 8000 BC, and the Neolithic period began before 6000 BC, followed by the Bronze Age around 2500 BC....
  • Three Kingdoms of Korea
    Three Kingdoms of Korea

    The Three Kingdoms of Korea refer to the ancient Korean empire of Goguryeo, and kingdom of Baekje and Silla, which dominated the Korean peninsula and parts of Manchuria for much of the 1st millennium CE....


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