Neustadt an der Aisch
Encyclopedia
Neustadt an der Aisch is a small town in the northern part of Bavaria
(Germany), within the Franconia
n administrative region
Middle Franconia
,
and it is the capital of the German district
Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim
. The abbreviation on German car number plates
is NEA. As of June 30, 2005, it has about 12,431 inhabitants. The current Mayor
is Klaus Meier.
At the end of the 12th century, Neustadt became part of the sovereign territory of the burgrave
s of Nuremberg
, the dynasty of the Hohenzollern. The House of the Hohenzollern developed Neustadt into an economical, political and also cultural centre of its region, mainly because of its favourable geographical position in the middle of the main trade route between Würzburg
and Nuremberg.
At the end of the 15th century, Margrave
Albrecht Achilles and Kurfürstin (Electress
) Anna completed Neustadt as a stronghold.
In 1553, in the Second Margrave War
, the town was burnt down. Afterwards, a long lasting phase of construction and extension began. This phase ended with the subversions of the Thirty Years' War
. The rebuilding lasted several hundred of years.
From 1791 through to 1806, Neustadt was part of the sovereign territory of Prussia
, then was military governed by the French, and in 1810 became finally part of the kingdom of Bavaria. The political importance of Neustadt faded thereafter, but trade and industry kept stimulated due to the deployment of a garrison of the Uhlan
s, and in 1865 due to the opening of its station on the Nuremberg–Würzburg Railway.
At the end of the 20th century, with the industrial revolution
, traditional handicrafts (like brush-makers and makers of drawing instruments) almost completely vanished. With the resettlement of expellees from Sudetenland
, new handicraft industries were imported: construction of musical instruments and the textile industry flourished.
From 1969 through to 1980, in total 16 town districts were incorporated. In the course of a district's reform, Neustadt became capital of the newly formed German district Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the infrastructure was embellished on a grand scale: a beltway was built, and a pedestrian area around the market place was established; the cultural program was extended, and the picturesque Old Town was rehabilitated; new residential zones and business parks could be established.
.
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
(Germany), within the Franconia
Franconia
Franconia is a region of Germany comprising the northern parts of the modern state of Bavaria, a small part of southern Thuringia, and a region in northeastern Baden-Württemberg called Tauberfranken...
n administrative region
Regierungsbezirk
In Germany, a Government District, in German: Regierungsbezirk – is a subdivision of certain federal states .They are above the Kreise, Landkreise, and kreisfreie Städte...
Middle Franconia
Middle Franconia
Middle Franconia is one of the three administrative regions of Franconia in Bavaria, Germany. It is in the west of Bavaria and adjoins the state of Baden-Württemberg...
,
and it is the capital of the German district
Districts of Germany
The districts of Germany are known as , except in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Schleswig-Holstein where they are known simply as ....
Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim
Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim
Neustadt -Bad Windsheim is a district in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Würzburg, Kitzingen, Bamberg, Erlangen-Höchstadt, Fürth and Ansbach, and by the state of Baden-Württemberg ....
. The abbreviation on German car number plates
German car number plates
German car number plates show the place where the car carrying them is registered. Whenever German citizens change their main place of residence in Germany, they are required to buy new number plates. Number plates can be bought which are valid all year round or between 2 to 11 months within any...
is NEA. As of June 30, 2005, it has about 12,431 inhabitants. The current Mayor
Mayor
In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
is Klaus Meier.
History
In 741, for the first time, Riedfeld, the town's root settlement, was documented as the German king's court. However, it lasted until 1285, when the town's name is documented for the first time as "Nivenstadt".At the end of the 12th century, Neustadt became part of the sovereign territory of the burgrave
Burgrave
A burgrave is literally the count of a castle or fortified town. The English form is derived through the French from the German Burggraf and Dutch burg- or burch-graeve .* The title is originally equivalent to that of castellan or châtelain, meaning keeper of a castle and/or fortified town...
s of Nuremberg
Nuremberg
Nuremberg[p] is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. Situated on the Pegnitz river and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal, it is located about north of Munich and is Franconia's largest city. The population is 505,664...
, the dynasty of the Hohenzollern. The House of the Hohenzollern developed Neustadt into an economical, political and also cultural centre of its region, mainly because of its favourable geographical position in the middle of the main trade route between Würzburg
Würzburg
Würzburg is a city in the region of Franconia which lies in the northern tip of Bavaria, Germany. Located at the Main River, it is the capital of the Regierungsbezirk Lower Franconia. The regional dialect is Franconian....
and Nuremberg.
At the end of the 15th century, Margrave
Margrave
A margrave or margravine was a medieval hereditary nobleman with military responsibilities in a border province of a kingdom. Border provinces usually had more exposure to military incursions from the outside, compared to interior provinces, and thus a margrave usually had larger and more active...
Albrecht Achilles and Kurfürstin (Electress
Prince-elector
The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an...
) Anna completed Neustadt as a stronghold.
In 1553, in the Second Margrave War
Second Margrave War
The Second Margrave War was a conflict in the Holy Roman Empire between 1552 and 1555. Instigated by Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach and Brandenburg-Bayreuth, it involved numerous raids, plunderings and the destruction of many towns and castles in the empire, especially in...
, the town was burnt down. Afterwards, a long lasting phase of construction and extension began. This phase ended with the subversions of the Thirty Years' War
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history....
. The rebuilding lasted several hundred of years.
From 1791 through to 1806, Neustadt was part of the sovereign territory of Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
, then was military governed by the French, and in 1810 became finally part of the kingdom of Bavaria. The political importance of Neustadt faded thereafter, but trade and industry kept stimulated due to the deployment of a garrison of the Uhlan
Uhlan
Uhlans were Polish light cavalry armed with lances, sabres and pistols. The title was later used by lancer regiments in the Russian, Prussian, and Austrian armies....
s, and in 1865 due to the opening of its station on the Nuremberg–Würzburg Railway.
At the end of the 20th century, with the industrial revolution
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology had a profound effect on the social, economic and cultural conditions of the times...
, traditional handicrafts (like brush-makers and makers of drawing instruments) almost completely vanished. With the resettlement of expellees from Sudetenland
Sudetenland
Sudetenland is the German name used in English in the first half of the 20th century for the northern, southwest and western regions of Czechoslovakia inhabited mostly by ethnic Germans, specifically the border areas of Bohemia, Moravia, and those parts of Silesia being within Czechoslovakia.The...
, new handicraft industries were imported: construction of musical instruments and the textile industry flourished.
From 1969 through to 1980, in total 16 town districts were incorporated. In the course of a district's reform, Neustadt became capital of the newly formed German district Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the infrastructure was embellished on a grand scale: a beltway was built, and a pedestrian area around the market place was established; the cultural program was extended, and the picturesque Old Town was rehabilitated; new residential zones and business parks could be established.
Town districts
- Birkenfeld (including Weiherhof)
- Diebach
- Eggensee (including Chausseehaus)
- Herrnneuses (incl. Oberstrahlbach)
- Kleinerlbach
- Obernesselbach
- Unterschweinach
- Oberschweinach (incl. Stöckach)
- Schauerheim (incl. Hasenlohe and Virnsbergerhaag)
- Schellert
- Unternesselbach
Daughters and sons of Neustadt an de Aisch
- Elias Levita (* 13. Februar 1469 in Neustadt an der Aisch oder IpsheimIpsheimIpsheim is a municipality in the district of Neustadt -Bad Windsheim in Bavaria in Germany....
; † 28 January 1549 in VeniceVeniceVenice is a city in northern Italy which is renowned for the beauty of its setting, its architecture and its artworks. It is the capital of the Veneto region...
; in fact Eliyahu ben Asher Ha-Levi), translator, humanist, Hebrew grammarian, Yiddish writer - Johannes Gramann (also: Poliander, * 5 Juli 1487; † 29 April 1541 in KönigsbergKönigsbergKönigsberg was the capital of East Prussia from the Late Middle Ages until 1945 as well as the northernmost and easternmost German city with 286,666 inhabitants . Due to the multicultural society in and around the city, there are several local names for it...
), Protestant ReformerProtestant ReformersProtestant Reformers were those theologians, churchmen, and statesmen whose careers, works, and actions brought about the Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century...
and poet of chantChantChant is the rhythmic speaking or singing of words or sounds, often primarily on one or two pitches called reciting tones. Chants may range from a simple melody involving a limited set of notes to highly complex musical structures Chant (from French chanter) is the rhythmic speaking or singing...
s - Lazarus Nürnberger (* 1499; † ca. 1564 in Sevilla), merchant, in cooperation with Jacob and Hans Cromberger founder of the Deutschen Amerikahandel (German trade with America)
- Johann Mützel (* 1647; † 1717), master builder of several castles in ernestinian principalities of Saxony-AnhaltSaxony-AnhaltSaxony-Anhalt is a landlocked state of Germany. Its capital is Magdeburg and it is surrounded by the German states of Lower Saxony, Brandenburg, Saxony, and Thuringia.Saxony-Anhalt covers an area of...
and ThuringiaThuringiaThe Free State of Thuringia is a state of Germany, located in the central part of the country.It has an area of and 2.29 million inhabitants, making it the sixth smallest by area and the fifth smallest by population of Germany's sixteen states....
(e.g. castle Ettersburg near WeimarWeimarWeimar is a city in Germany famous for its cultural heritage. It is located in the federal state of Thuringia , north of the Thüringer Wald, east of Erfurt, and southwest of Halle and Leipzig. Its current population is approximately 65,000. The oldest record of the city dates from the year 899...
), in the principalities Schwarzburg-SondershausenSchwarzburg-SondershausenSchwarzburg-Sondershausen was a small principality in Germany, in the present day state of Thuringia, with capital at Sondershausen.-History:...
and ArnstadtArnstadtArnstadt is a town in Ilm-Kreis, Thuringia, Germany, situated on the Gera River. It is one of the oldest towns in Thuringia and is nicknamed Das Tor zum Thüringer Wald, The Gate to the Thuringian Forest....
, in Schlitz, and in Tann (Rhön)Tann (Rhön)Tann is a town in the district of Fulda, in Hesse, Germany. It is situated in the Rhön Mountains, 27 km northeast of Fulda. It is an accredited Spa town at the Ulster River....
; builder of the residence of Goethe in Weimar, of the Friedenskirche (church) in JenaJenaJena is a university city in central Germany on the river Saale. It has a population of approx. 103,000 and is the second largest city in the federal state of Thuringia, after Erfurt.-History:Jena was first mentioned in an 1182 document...
and the Kreuzkirche (church) in EisenachEisenachEisenach is a city in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated between the northern foothills of the Thuringian Forest and the Hainich National Park. Its population in 2006 was 43,626.-History:... - Adolf Scherzer (* 1815; † 1864), composer of the bavarian defile-march
- Dr. Werner DollingerWerner DollingerDr. Werner Dollinger was a German politician and economist. Born in Neustadt an der Aisch, he helped found the Christian Socialist Union Party in 1946. Dollinger was a member of the Bundestag , minister for the Treasury , minister of postal services and telecommunication and minister of transport...
(* 10 October 1918; † 3 January 2008), German politician, member of the BundestagBundestagThe Bundestag is a federal legislative body in Germany. In practice Germany is governed by a bicameral legislature, of which the Bundestag serves as the lower house and the Bundesrat the upper house. The Bundestag is established by the German Basic Law of 1949, as the successor to the earlier...
(1953–1990), treasury secretary (1962–1966), minister of postal services and telecommunication (1966–1969), minister of transport (1982–1987) - Armin SchwarzArmin SchwarzArmin Schwarz is a German rally driver. He competed in the World Rally Championship from 1988 to 2005, winning the 1991 Rally Catalunya and taking six other podium finishes...
(* 16 July 1963), German rally driver.
Honorary Citizens
- Georg Vogel (* 8 October 1861; † 9 November 1933), mayor 1898-1912, delegate of the Bavarian parliament, since 14. April 1909
- Andreas Schildknecht (* 7 December 1864; † 4 November 1944), mayor 1913-1917, since 25 August 1936
- Leonhard Bankel (* 18 May 1883; † 10 July 1974), mayor 1921-1945 and 1948–1960, since 19 April 1951
- Dr. med. Max Döllner (* 31 March 1874; † 7 January 1959), Oberregierungsrat and Obermedizinalrat, documentarist of his country, since 26. März 1954
- Dr. Werner Dollinger (* 10 October 1918), German politician, since 10 October 1978.
Persons associated with Neustadt an der Aisch
- Albrecht Achilles (* 9 November 1414 in TangermündeTangermündeTangermünde is a town in the district of Stendal, in the northeastern part of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated on the Elbe river in the Altmark region.-History:Tangermünde can look back at an 1000-year history...
; † 11. March 1486 in Frankfurt/MainFrankfurtFrankfurt am Main , commonly known simply as Frankfurt, is the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany, with a 2010 population of 688,249. The urban area had an estimated population of 2,300,000 in 2010...
), margraveMargraveA margrave or margravine was a medieval hereditary nobleman with military responsibilities in a border province of a kingdom. Border provinces usually had more exposure to military incursions from the outside, compared to interior provinces, and thus a margrave usually had larger and more active...
and Elector - Kaspar Loener (* 1493 in Markt ErlbachMarkt ErlbachMarkt Erlbach is a municipality in the district of Neustadt -Bad Windsheim in Bavaria in Germany....
; † 1546), Protestant Reformer in HofHof, GermanyHof is a city located on the banks of the Saale in the northeastern corner of the German state of Bavaria, in the Franconia region, at the Czech border and the forested Fichtelgebirge and Frankenwald upland regions.... - Peter Kolb (* 10 October 1675 in Dörflas, today district of MarktredwitzMarktredwitzMarktredwitz is a municipality in the district of Wunsiedel, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated 22 km west of Cheb, 50 km east of Bayreuth and 50 km south of Hof/Saale.The town celebrated the Horticultural Show 2006 in cooperation with Cheb....
; † 31. December 1726 in Neustadt an der Aisch), teacher and ethnologist - Johann Christoph Georg Schiedmayer (* 1740; † 1820), master joiner, builder of organs and other music instruments
- Johann Leonhard Städtler (also: Stättler; * 1758; † 1827), painter, copperplate engraver and restorer
- Jean PaulJean PaulJean Paul , born Johann Paul Friedrich Richter, was a German Romantic writer, best known for his humorous novels and stories.-Life and work:...
(* 21 March 1763 in WunsiedelWunsiedelWunsiedel is the county town of the Upper Franconian district of Wunsiedel in northeast Bavaria, Germany. The town became well known for its annual Luisenburg Festival and the Rudolf Hess Memorial March held by the Neo-Nazis here until 2005.- Geography :...
; † 14 November 1825 in Bayreuth; in fact Johann Paul Friedrich Richter), author - Dr. Johann Georg Veit Engelhardt (* 1791; † 1855), theologist (University of ErlangenErlangenErlangen is a Middle Franconian city in Bavaria, Germany. It is located at the confluence of the river Regnitz and its large tributary, the Untere Schwabach.Erlangen has more than 100,000 inhabitants....
) and writer - Dekan Friedrich Bauer (* 1803; † 1873), member of the Frankfurt ParliamentFrankfurt ParliamentThe Frankfurt Assembly was the first freely elected parliament for all of Germany. Session was held from May 18, 1848 to May 31, 1849 in the Paulskirche at Frankfurt am Main...
, delegate of the Bavarian parliament - Hans W. Geißendörfer (* 6 April 1941 in AugsburgAugsburgAugsburg is a city in the south-west of Bavaria, Germany. It is a university town and home of the Regierungsbezirk Schwaben and the Bezirk Schwaben. Augsburg is an urban district and home to the institutions of the Landkreis Augsburg. It is, as of 2008, the third-largest city in Bavaria with a...
), film director, author and producer - Prof. Dr. Guido KnoppGuido KnoppGuido Knopp is a German journalist and author. He is well known in Germany, mainly because he has produced a great number of TV documentaries, predominantly about the "Third Reich" and National Socialism, but also about other topics, such as Stalinism.- Life and work :After gaining his doctorate...
(* 29 January 1948 in Treysa, today's town district of SchwalmstadtSchwalmstadtSchwalmstadt is the largest town in the Schwalm-Eder district, in northern Hesse, Germany. It was established only in 1970 with the amalgamation of the towns of Treysa and Ziegenhain together with some outlying villages to form the town of Schwalmstadt.-Location:Schwalmstadt lies in the Schwalm...
), historian, author and journalist - Lissy GrönerLissy GrönerLissy Gröner is a German politician and since 1989 Member of the European Parliament with the Social Democratic Party of Germany, part of the Socialist Group and sits on the European Parliament's Committee on Culture and Education and its Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality.She is a...
(* 31. May 1954 in LangenfeldLangenfeld, BavariaLangenfeld is a municipality in the district of Neustadt -Bad Windsheim in Bavaria in Germany....
), German politician (SPDSocial Democratic Party of GermanyThe Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany...
), MdEPMember of the European ParliamentA Member of the European Parliament is a person who has been elected to the European Parliament. The name of MEPs differ in different languages, with terms such as europarliamentarian or eurodeputy being common in Romance language-speaking areas.When the European Parliament was first established,...
(since 1989)
Sister Towns
| Montespertoli Montespertoli Montespertoli is a comune in the Province of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 20 km southwest of Florence.... (Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... ), since 1992 Hino Hino, Shiga is a town located in Gamō District, Shiga, Japan.As of 2011, the town has an estimated population of 22,505 and a population density of 191 persons per km². The total area is 117.63 km².... (Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south... ), since 1997 Hluboká nad Vltavou Hluboká nad Vltavou Hluboká nad Vltavou ) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic, near České Budějovice. This town was a favourite of Charles IV, who often visited when residing in České Budějovice... (Frauenberg) (Czech Republic Czech Republic The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest.... ), since 1997 Lipik Lipik -Settlements:The settlements included in the administrative area of Lipik include:* Antunovac, population 365* Bjelanovac, population 10* Brekinska, population 126* Brezine, population 223* Bujavica, population 33* Bukovčani, population 16... (Croatia Croatia Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ... ), since 1998
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External links
- official home page of Neustadt an der Aisch
- Webcam of the market place.
- informations for genealogists in GenWiki.
.