List of Kings of Judea

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Hasmonean Rebel Leaders (167–153 BC)

• Judas Maccabeus
  Judas Maccabeus
  
  Judas Maccabeus was a Kohen and the third son of the Jewish priest Mattathias. He led the Maccabean revolt against the Seleucid Empire and is acclaimed as one of the greatest warriors in Jewish history alongside Joshua, Gideon and David....
   167–160 BC
• Jonathan Maccabaeus
  Jonathan Maccabaeus
  
  Jonathan Maccabaeus was leader of the Hasmonean Dynasty of Judea from 161 to 143 BCE. He is called also Apphus = "the Dissembling" or "the Diplomacy", in allusion to a trait prominent in him; 1 Maccabees ii....
   160–153 BC

Hasmonean High Priests and Kings (153–37 BC)

• Jonathan Maccabaeus
  Jonathan Maccabaeus
  
  Jonathan Maccabaeus was leader of the Hasmonean Dynasty of Judea from 161 to 143 BCE. He is called also Apphus = "the Dissembling" or "the Diplomacy", in allusion to a trait prominent in him; 1 Maccabees ii....
   153–142 BC
• Simon Maccabaeus
  Simon Maccabaeus
  
  Simon Maccabaeus was a son of Mattathias Maccabaeus and thus a member of the Hasmonean family.He took part in the Jewish revolt against the Seleucid Empire led by his brothers, Judas Maccabaeus and Jonathan Maccabaeus....
   142–134 BC
• John Hyrcanus I 134–104 BC
• Aristobulus I
  Aristobulus
  
  Aristobulus I was a king of the Hebrews Hasmonean, and the eldest of the five sons of King John Hyrcanus. He was the first of the Hasmonean rulers to call himself "king." According to the Hebrew Scriptures, only descendants of Judah, or, more specifically, the House of David, were qualified to be kings of Israel....
   (also King) 104–103 BC
• Alexander Jannaeus
  Alexander Jannaeus
  
  Alexander Jannaeus , king of Judea from , son of John Hyrcanus, inherited the throne from his brother Aristobulus, and appears to have married his brother's widow, Shlomtzion or "Shelomit", also known as Salome Alexandra, according to the Biblical law of Yibum , although Josephus is inexplicit on that point....
   (also King) 103–76 BC
• Alexandra Salome (Queen) 76–67 BC
• John Hyrcanus II (High Priest only) 76–66 BC
• Aristobulus II
  Aristobulus II
  
  Aristobulus II was the Jewish Kohen Gadol and King of Judea, 66 BC to 63 BC, from the Hasmonean Dynasty....
   66–63 BC
• John Hyrcanus II (High Priest only) 63–40 BC
• Antigonus
  Antigonus
  
  Antigonus, a Greek people name meaning "comparable to his father" or "worthy of his father", may refer to:* Three Macedonn kings of the Antigonid dynasty that succeeded Alexander the Great in Asia:...
   40–37 BC

Herodian Dynasty (60 BC–AD 100)

• Antipater the Idumaean
  Antipater the Idumaean
  
  Antipater II the Idumaean was the founder of the Herodian Dynasty and father of Herod the Great. Other members of the family with the name Antipater were his father Antipater I, Governor of Idumaea, and grandson Antipater III....
   (Governor of Judaea) 60–43 BC
• Herod
  Herod the Great
  
  Herod , also known as Herod I or Herod the Great , was a Roman Empire client state of Israel. Herod is known for his colossal building projects in Jerusalem and other parts of the ancient world, including the rebuilding of the Second Temple in Jerusalem, sometimes referred to as Herod's Temple....
   (Governor of Galilee) 47–40 BC
• Phasael
  Phasael
  
  Phasael was a prince from the Herodian Dynasty of Judea....
   (Governor of Jerusalem) 47–40 BC
• Herod the Great
  Herod the Great
  
  Herod , also known as Herod I or Herod the Great , was a Roman Empire client state of Israel. Herod is known for his colossal building projects in Jerusalem and other parts of the ancient world, including the rebuilding of the Second Temple in Jerusalem, sometimes referred to as Herod's Temple....
  , "King of the Jews", elected by Roman Senate
  Roman Senate
  
  The Senate of the Roman Republic was a political institution in the ancient Roman Republic. According to the Greek historian Polybius, our principal source on the Constitution of the Roman Republic, the Roman Senate was the predominant branch of government....
  , 37–4 BC
• Herod Archelaus
  Herod Archelaus
  
  Herod Archelaus was the ethnarch of Samaria, Judea, and Edom from 4 BC to 6 AD. He was the son of Herod the Great and Malthace, the brother of Herod Antipas, and the half-brother of Herod Philip I....
   (Ethnarch of Judaea) 4 BC–AD 6
• Herod Antipas
  Herod Antipas
  
  Herod Antipas After inheriting his territories when the kingdom of his father Herod the Great was divided upon his death in 4 BC, Antipas ruled them as a client state of the Roman Empire....
   (Tetrarch of Galilee) 4 BC–AD 39
• Herod II (Tetrarch of Batanaea) 4 BC–AD 34
• Herod Philip II
  Herod Philip II
  
  Herod Philip II, or Philip the Tetrarch, was son of Herod the Great and his fifth wife Cleopatra of Jerusalem and half-brother of Herod Antipas and Herod Archelaus....
   (Tetrarch of Ituraea and Trachonitis) 4 BC-AD 34
• Herod Agrippa I
• Tetrarch of Batanaea 37–41
• Tetrarch of Galilee 40–41
• King 41–44
• Herod Agrippa II (Tetrarch of Chalcis 50–52, then Tetrarch of Batanaea) AD 50–100

The Administration of Judaea

Iudaea Province

Iudaea was a Roman province that extended over the former region of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of Israel. It was named after the tetrarchy of Judea of which it was an expansion, the latter name deriving from the Kingdom of Judah of the 6th century BCE....
 (AD 6–135)

• Tax Revolt of the Zealots 6

Roman Prefects

Prefect

Prefect is a magisterial title of varying definition.A prefect's office, department, or area of control is called a prefecture, but in various post-Roman cases there is a prefect without a prefecture or vice versa....

• Coponius
  Coponius
  
  Coponius was the first governor of Iudaea province, about 6 CE.He was, like the procurators who succeeded him, of knightly rank, and "had the power of life and death"....
   6–9
• Marcus Ambivulus
  Marcus Ambivulus
  
  Marcus Ambivulus was Roman Prefect of the province of Judea and Samaria. Originally a cavalry officer, he succeeded Coponius in 9 AD and ruled the area until 13 AD when he was succeeded by Annius Rufus....
   9–12
• Annius Rufus
  Annius Rufus
  
  Annius Rufus succeeded Marcus Ambivulus as Prefect of Judea in 12 CE. His tenure was apparently without incident since the only event that Josephus reports as occurring while he was in office is the death of Augustus in Rome in 14 CE....
   12–15
• Valerius Gratus
  Valerius Gratus
  
  Valerius Gratus was Roman Prefect or procurator of Judea under Tiberius, AD 15 - 26. He succeeded Annius Rufus and was replaced by Pontius Pilate....
   15–26
• Pontius Pilate
  Pontius Pilate
  
  Pontius Pilate was the Roman_governor#Equestrian_procurator of the Roman Empire Iudaea Province from the year AD 26 until AD 36. He is typically known as the sixth Procurator of Judea, but some sources cite him as the fifth....
   26–36
• Marcellus
  Marcellus, prefect of Judea
  
  Marcellus was Prefect of the province of Judea.He was a friend of Lucius Vitellius , who appointed him after sending Pilate to Rome to render account....
   36–37
• Marullus
  Marullus, prefect of Judea
  
  Marullus was Prefect of Judea under Caligula, AD 37 ? 41. He was the seventh governor of this province.See also* List of Kings of Judea...
   37–41

Roman Procurators

Promagistrate

A promagistrate is a person who acts in and with the authority and capacity of a Roman Magistrates, but without holding a magisterial office. A legal innovation of the Roman Republic, the promagistracy was invented in order to provide Rome with governors of overseas territories instead of having to elect more magistrates each year....

• Cuspius Fadus
  Cuspius Fadus
  
  Cuspius Fadus was the Roman procurator of Iudaea Province between 44 and 46. He is mentioned by Josephus.He was succeeded in 46 by Tiberius Julius Alexander....
   44–46
• Tiberius Julius Alexander
  Tiberius Julius Alexander
  
  Tiberius Julius Alexander was an Equestrian governor and general in the Roman Empire. Born into a wealthy Jewish family of Alexandria but abandoning or neglecting the Judaism, he rose to become Promagistrate of Iudaea Province under Claudius....
   46–48
• Ventidius Cumanus
  Ventidius Cumanus
  
  Ventidius Cumanus was the Roman procurator of Iudaea Province from 48 to c. 52. A disagreement between the surviving sources, the Jewish historian Josephus and the Roman Tacitus, makes it unclear whether his authority was over some or all of the province....
   48–52
• Marcus Antonius Felix
  Antonius Felix
  
  Marcus Antonius Felix was the ancient Rome procurator of Iudaea Province 52-60, in succession to Ventidius Cumanus....
   52–60
• Porcius Festus
  Porcius Festus
  
  Porcius Festus was procurator of Iudaea Province from about AD 58 to 62, succeeding Antonius Felix. His exact time in office is not known. He inherited all of the problems of his predecessor in regard to the Roman practice of creating Privilege for Jews....
   60–62
• Lucceius Albinus
  Lucceius Albinus
  
  Lucceius Albinus was the Roman Empire List of Kings of Judea#Procurator from 62 until 64 and the Roman governor of Mauretania from 64 until 69....
   62–64
• Gessius Florus
  Gessius Florus
  
  Gessius Florus was the Roman Empire procurator of Iudaea Province from 64 until 66. Born in Clazomenae, Florus was appointed to replace Lucceius Albinus as promagistrate by the Roman Emperor Nero due to his wife's friendship with Nero's wife Poppaea Sabina....
   64–66
• Marcus Antonius Julianus
  Marcus Antonius Julianus
  
  Marcus Antonius Julianus was a procurator of Judea during the time of the Great Jewish Revolt.See also* List of Kings of Judea...
   66-70 (dates uncertain)

Roman Legates

Legatus

A legatus was a general in the Roman army, equivalent to a modern general officer. Being of Roman senate rank, his immediate superior was the dux, and he outranked all military tribunes....

• Sextus Vettulenus Cerialis 70-71
• Lucilius Bassus
  Lucilius Bassus
  
  Lucilius Bassus was a Roman Empire legatus appointed by Emperor Vespasian to the Iudaea Province in 71 AD. Assigned to finish off the last remnants of the Great Jewish Revolt in the province, he led the legion Legio X Fretensis, destroying the Jewish strongholds Herodium and Machaerus on their march to the siege of Masada....
   71-72
• Lucius Flavius Silva
  Lucius Flavius Silva
  
  Lucius Flavius Silva was a late-1st century Roman general, governor of the province of Iudaea and Roman consul. History remembers Silva as the Roman commander who led his army, composed mainly of the Legio X Fretensis, in 73 AD up to Masada and laid siege to its near-impenetrable mountain fortress occupied by a group of Jewish rebels c...
   72-81
• M. Salvidenus
  Salvidenus
  
  M. Salvidenus was the Roman governor of the Roman Empire Iudaea Province . His date is proved by a Palestinian coin of Titus ....
   c.80
• Cnaeus Pinarius Aemilius Cicatricula Pompeius Longinus
  Cnaeus Pompeius Longinus
  
  Cnaeus Pompeius Longinus, full name Cnaeus Pinarius Aemilius Cicatricula Pompeius Longinus.A Roman Empire Legatus of the Iudaea Province....
   c.86
• Sextus Hermetidius Campanus c.93
• Lucius Vibullius Hipparchus Tiberius Claudius Atticus Herodes Marathonios c.99/100-102/103
• Gaius Julius Quadratus Bassus
  Gaius Julius Quadratus Bassus
  
  Gaius Julius Quadratus Bassus , a Romanization Galatian, was a Legatus at Iudaea Province between 102/103 and 104/105, Roman consul of Roman Empire in 105 and Proconsul of Asia in 105....
   102/103-104/105
• Quintus Roscius Coelius Murena Silius Decianus Vibullius Pius Iulius Eurycles Herculanus Pompeius Falco
  Quintus Pompeius Falco
  
  Quintus Pompeius Falco was a Roman Empire politician of the early 2nd century.His complete name was Quintus Roscius Coelius Murena Silius Decianus Vibullius Pius Iulius Eurycles Herculanus Pompeius Falco....
   105-107
• Tiberianus
  Tiberianus
  
  Tiberianus. The Byzantine Empire chronicler Johannes Malalas speaks of him as governor of the first province of Palestine , in connection with the sojourn of Hadrian in Antioch ....
   c.114
• Lusius Quietus
  Lusius Quietus
  
  Lusius Quietus was a Ancient Rome general and governor of Iudaea Province in 117....
   117
• Lucius Cossonius Gallus 120
• Quintus Tineius Rufus c.132
• Gaius Quinctius Certus Publius Marcellus c.133
• Sextus Julius Severus
  Sextus Julius Severus
  
  Sextus Julius Severus was an accomplished Roman Empire General of the 2nd century.Julius Severus served as Roman governor of Moesia; he was appointed Roman governor of Roman Britain around 131....
   c.135