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Marcus Antonius Felix (Felix in Greek: ? F????, born between 5
5

Year 5 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar....
/10
10

Year 10 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar....
-?) was the ancient Rome
Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
 procurator
Procurator

Procurator may refer to:In historical uses:*Promagistrate, an appointed position in the Roman Republic by the Senate, acting in place of a curator...
 of Iudaea Province
Iudaea Province

Iudaea was a Roman province that extended over the former region of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of Israel. It was named after the tetrarchy of Judea of which it was an expansion, the latter name deriving from the Kingdom of Judah of the 6th century BCE....
 52
52

Year 52 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar....
-60
60

Year 60 was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar....
, in succession to Ventidius Cumanus
Ventidius Cumanus

Ventidius Cumanus was the Roman procurator of Iudaea Province from 48 to c. 52. A disagreement between the surviving sources, the Jewish historian Josephus and the Roman Tacitus, makes it unclear whether his authority was over some or all of the province....
.

x was the younger brother of the Greek freedman Marcus Antonius Pallas
Pallas (freedman)

Marcus Antonius Pallas was a prominent Greek freedman and secretary during the reigns of the Roman Emperors Claudius and Nero. His younger brother was Marcus Antonius Felix, a procurator of Iudaea Province....
. Felix was a Greek
Greeks

The Greeks , also known as Hellenes, are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions, who can also be found in Greek diaspora communities around the world....
 freedman
Freedman

Freedman is the term used to describe a former Slavery who has been Manumission or Emancipation. The first means the freeing of an individual by the owner, often through deed or will, and sometimes by legislative petition....
 either of the Emperor Claudius
Claudius

Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus or Claudius I was the fourth Roman Emperor, a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, ruling from January 24, AD 41 to his death in AD 54....
, according to which theory Josephus
Josephus

Josephus , also known as Yosef Ben Matityahu and, after he became a Roman citizenship, as Titus Flavius Josephus, was a first-century Jewish historian and apologist of priestly and royal ancestry who survived and recorded the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70....
 (Antiq. xx. 7) calls him Claudius Felix, or his mother Antonia Minor
Antonia Minor

Antonia Minor , also known as Antonia the Younger or simply Antonia was a daughter of Ancient Rome politician Mark Antony and Octavia Minor, sister of roman emperor Augustus, and mother of future emperor Claudius....
, a daughter of Triumvir Mark Antony
Mark Antony

Marcus Antonius , known in English as Marc Antony, was a Roman Republic politician and General. He was an important supporter and the best friend of Julius Caesar as a military commander and administrator, being Caesar's second cousin, once removed, by his mother Julia Antonia....
 to Octavia Minor
Octavia Minor

Octavia Minor , also known as Octavia the Younger or simply Octavia, was the sister of the first Roman Emperor, Augustus , half sister of Octavia Major, and fourth wife of Mark Antony....
 and niece of Emperor Augustus.






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Marcus Antonius Felix (Felix in Greek: ? F????, born between 5
5

Year 5 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar....
/10
10

Year 10 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar....
-?) was the ancient Rome
Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
 procurator
Procurator

Procurator may refer to:In historical uses:*Promagistrate, an appointed position in the Roman Republic by the Senate, acting in place of a curator...
 of Iudaea Province
Iudaea Province

Iudaea was a Roman province that extended over the former region of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of Israel. It was named after the tetrarchy of Judea of which it was an expansion, the latter name deriving from the Kingdom of Judah of the 6th century BCE....
 52
52

Year 52 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar....
-60
60

Year 60 was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar....
, in succession to Ventidius Cumanus
Ventidius Cumanus

Ventidius Cumanus was the Roman procurator of Iudaea Province from 48 to c. 52. A disagreement between the surviving sources, the Jewish historian Josephus and the Roman Tacitus, makes it unclear whether his authority was over some or all of the province....
.

Life

Felix was the younger brother of the Greek freedman Marcus Antonius Pallas
Pallas (freedman)

Marcus Antonius Pallas was a prominent Greek freedman and secretary during the reigns of the Roman Emperors Claudius and Nero. His younger brother was Marcus Antonius Felix, a procurator of Iudaea Province....
. Felix was a Greek
Greeks

The Greeks , also known as Hellenes, are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions, who can also be found in Greek diaspora communities around the world....
 freedman
Freedman

Freedman is the term used to describe a former Slavery who has been Manumission or Emancipation. The first means the freeing of an individual by the owner, often through deed or will, and sometimes by legislative petition....
 either of the Emperor Claudius
Claudius

Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus or Claudius I was the fourth Roman Emperor, a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, ruling from January 24, AD 41 to his death in AD 54....
, according to which theory Josephus
Josephus

Josephus , also known as Yosef Ben Matityahu and, after he became a Roman citizenship, as Titus Flavius Josephus, was a first-century Jewish historian and apologist of priestly and royal ancestry who survived and recorded the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70....
 (Antiq. xx. 7) calls him Claudius Felix, or his mother Antonia Minor
Antonia Minor

Antonia Minor , also known as Antonia the Younger or simply Antonia was a daughter of Ancient Rome politician Mark Antony and Octavia Minor, sister of roman emperor Augustus, and mother of future emperor Claudius....
, a daughter of Triumvir Mark Antony
Mark Antony

Marcus Antonius , known in English as Marc Antony, was a Roman Republic politician and General. He was an important supporter and the best friend of Julius Caesar as a military commander and administrator, being Caesar's second cousin, once removed, by his mother Julia Antonia....
 to Octavia Minor
Octavia Minor

Octavia Minor , also known as Octavia the Younger or simply Octavia, was the sister of the first Roman Emperor, Augustus , half sister of Octavia Major, and fourth wife of Mark Antony....
 and niece of Emperor Augustus. According to Tacitus
Tacitus

Publius Cornelius Tacitus was a Roman Senate and a historian of the Roman Empire. The surviving portions of his two major works—the Annals and the Histories —examine the reigns of the Roman Emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero and those that reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors....
, Pallas and Felix descended from the Greek Kings of Arcadia
Arcadia

Arcadia, Arkad?a , or Arcady is a region of Greece in the Peloponnesus. It takes its name from the mythological character Arcas....
.

Felix’s cruelty and licentiousness, coupled with his accessibility to bribes (see Acts 24:26), led to a great increase of crime in Judaea. The period of his rule was marked by internal feuds and disturbances, which he put down with severity.

After Paul the Apostle was arrested in Jerusalem
Jerusalem

Jerusalem is the capital of Israel and its List of Israeli cities in both population and area, with a population of 747,600 residents over an area of if Positions on Jerusalem East Jerusalem is included....
 and rescued from a plot against his life, the local Roman chiliarch transferred him to Caesarea, where he stood trial before Felix. On at least one further occasion Felix and his wife Drusilla heard Paul discourse, and later on frequently sent for Paul and talked with him (Acts 24:24-26). When Felix was succeeded as procurator, having already detained Paul for two years, he left him imprisoned as a favor to the Jews (Acts 24:27).

On returning to Rome, Felix was accused of using a dispute between the Jews and Syrians of Caesarea as a pretext to slay and plunder the inhabitants, but through the intercession of his brother, the freedman Pallas, who had great influence with the Emperor Nero
Nero

Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus , born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, also called Nero Claudius Caesar Drusus Germanicus, was the fifth and final Roman emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty....
, he escaped unpunished. Porcius Festus
Porcius Festus

Porcius Festus was procurator of Iudaea Province from about AD 58 to 62, succeeding Antonius Felix. His exact time in office is not known. He inherited all of the problems of his predecessor in regard to the Roman practice of creating Privilege for Jews....
 succeeded him as procurator of Judea.

Marriages and issue

Felix married three times. His first wife was princess Drusilla of Mauretania
Drusilla of Mauretania (born 38)

Drusilla of Mauretania was a princess of Mauretania, the daughter and only child of king Ptolemy of Mauretania and queen Julia Urania....
, a maternal second cousin of Emperor Claudius
Claudius

Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus or Claudius I was the fourth Roman Emperor, a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, ruling from January 24, AD 41 to his death in AD 54....
. Drusilla was an only child to Claudius’ late maternal cousin King Ptolemy of Mauretania
Ptolemy of Mauretania

Ptolemy of Mauretania or Ptolemy of Morocco was a prince and the last Roman client king of Mauretania.Ptolemy was the only son to queen Cleopatra Selene II and king Juba II of Mauretania....
 and his wife Queen of Mauretania Julia Urania
Julia Urania

Julia Urania or Urania was a woman who lived in the 1st century. Urania married the Roman client king Ptolemy of Mauretania. Ptolemy of Mauretania was an only grandson to African King Juba I of Numidia, Greeks Ptolemaic Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and the youngest grandson to Ancient Rome Triumvir Mark Antony....
. Claudius arranged for Felix and Drusilla to marry around 53
53

Year 53 was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar....
 in Rome. Like Felix, Drusilla was partly of Greek descent. Felix and Drusilla had no children. Felix between 54
54

Year 54 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar....
-56
56

Year 56 was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar....
, divorced Drusilla to marry a Judean Princess.

Felix’s second wife was a Judean princess, also named Drusilla
Drusilla (daughter of Agrippa I)

Drusilla was a daughter of Herod Agrippa I and thus sister to Berenice , Mariamne and Herod Agrippa II....
, and the daughter of King of Judea
Judea

Judea or Jud?a is the name given to the mountainous southern part of the historic Land of Israel , an area now divided between Israel and the West Bank ....
 Herod Agrippa I
Agrippa I

Agrippa I also called the Great , King of the Jews, was the grandson of Herod the Great, and son of Aristobulus IV and Berenice . His original name was Marcus Julius Agrippa, and he is the king named Herod in the Acts of the Apostles, in the Bible, "Herod " ....
, from his wife and cousin Cypros. Felix and the Judean Drusilla, had a son, Marcus Antonius Agrippa, who died along with this Drusilla in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius
Mount Vesuvius

Mount Vesuvius is an stratovolcano east of Naples Italy. It is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years, although it is not currently eruption....
 on 24 August 79
79

Year 79 was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar....
, and a daughter, Antonia Clementiana. Antonia Agrippina could be a daughter from their son‘s marriage (this name was graffiti in a Royal Tomb in Egypt
Egypt

Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
). Clementiana became a grandmother to a Lucius Anneius Domitius Proculus. Two possible descendants from this marriage are Marcus Antonius Fronto Salvianus (a quaestor
Quaestor

Quaestor is a type of public official.In the Roman Republic a quaestor was an elected official who supervised the treasury and financial affairs of the state, its armies and its officers....
) and his son Marcus Antonius Felix Magnus a high priest in 225
225

Events...
. Felix married for a third time, after the Judean Drusilla died along with her son in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius
Mount Vesuvius

Mount Vesuvius is an stratovolcano east of Naples Italy. It is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years, although it is not currently eruption....
. Nothing is known about his third wife.

External links

  • Roman coinage of Felix can be seen under Roman Procurators at


See also

  • Prefects, Procurators, and Legates of Roman Judaea
    List of Kings of Judea

    This page lists rulers of Judea and other related Jewish Kingdoms from the Maccabean Rebellion to the final Roman annexations....
  • Roman Procurator coinage
    Roman Procurator coinage

    Roman Procurator coinage were coins issued by the Roman Empire List_of_Kings_of_Judea#Roman_Procurators and Prefect#Ancient_Rome of the province of Judea between 6 - 66 AD....


External links