Immingham
Encyclopedia
Immingham is a town in North East Lincolnshire
, located on the south bank of the Humber Estuary. It is six miles (10 km) north west of Grimsby
.
Interchange and the A160
and through the petrochemical works at South Killingholme
(in North Lincolnshire
). The A1173 has a spur for the east gate of the docks - Queens Road. The B1210 carries traffic to the west of the town, from Stallingborough to Habrough
.
The medieval village of Immingham is on the outskirts of the town to the north west near St Andrews church.
The north-west corner of the civil parish is at End End Farm, next to South Killingholme
and North Lincolnshire
. The boundary with Habrough crosses the A180 just west of both Luxmore (Total
) service stations, named after Immingham's Luxmore Farm, just to the north on the B1210. The boundary passes to the west of the medieval village of Roxton, now part of Immingham. The south-west corner of the parish takes in the east of Roxton Wood, and borders Lincolnshire in the wood, extending as far south as New Beck Drain. Eastwards from Roxton Wood, there is a boundary with Stallingborough. This boundary crosses the A180 just west of the A1173 junction and follows North Beck drain along the western edge of the Kiln Lane industrial estate, and is also the postcode boundary (DN41 and DN40), and meets the Humber just east of Cray Valley Chemicals (owned by Total).
apparently passes through Immingham (this actually refers to the nearby route of the A180 and the A160
via Immingham Dock) and thence on to Amsterdam
which implies there is a ferry to Amsterdam. No car ferry of that nature exists but freight transport (lorries) can go with the DFDS Tor line
via Immingham Dock to Gothenburg
on the AngloBridge line, to Esbjerg
on the BritanniaBridge Line, to Cuxhaven on the ElbeBridge line, and to Rotterdam
(for Route E22) on the ShortBridge line. Sailings go from the DFDS Nordic Terminal which has six Ro-Ro berth
s; DFDS has been operating from the port since 1992. Immingham is the busiest freight ferry port on the east coast of England. The Stena Line
has a route from the Hook of Holland to Killingholme (Humber Sea Terminal).
The town, Immingham, has a completely English
name which is unusual in an area noted for large-scale Norse
settlements. This suggests that the name of the town dates from before the Viking invasion of this area
. Bede
mentions a Northumbria
n nobleman called Imma, who fought in the Battle of the Trent
in 679 CE.
(a type of King’s bodyguard) in the service of the 18 year old brother of the King of Northumbria, Aelfwine.
In the Battle of the Trent
in 679 CE Aelfwine was killed and Northumbria lost control of the area of modern Immingham. Imma was left for dead. He later revived and was taken into captivity (being careful to keep his name and title secret). The Mercia
ns who had captured him treated his wounds and when he got better chained him up each night to prevent his escape.
Meanwhile his brother, Tunna, a priest and Abbot of a monastery, assuming his brother dead, had regular prayers and masses said for him.
The Mercians had great trouble keeping Imma in captivity and guessed he was more than just a peasant. The Mercian Chief had him closely questioned. Imma agreed to speak if the Chief promised not to kill him. On learning that Imma was a King’s Thane he was furious but could not go back on his word. The Mercians believed Imma was using black magic
to escape. But Imma pointed out that his brother was Christian and was probably praying for him and that was the reason for his near-success.
Because he was such a problem the Mercians sold Imma in London as a slave to a Frisian
. This Frisian also found it difficult to keep Imma captive so he allowed him to arrange for his ransom. The King of Kent eventually paid the ransom because he had connections with Imma’s family. Imma went through a number of other adventures before he got back to his own country. On reuniting with his brother, the Abbot confirmed that he had indeed been praying for his brother.
. The vessel anchored off Killingholme
Creek but suffered very bad weather. Due to this the wives asked to be put ashore for the night. The vessel was sailed up Killingholme Creek to just below St. Mary's Parish Church in Immingham - a small depression probably marking this site can still be distinguished at the end of Washdyke Lane. The inhabitants of Immingham agreed to the wives and children sleeping in their Parish Church over night. Unfortunately news of this group reached the authorities who proceeded to come to Immingham and arrest the dessenters. On hearing this, the Captain of the vessel insisted on sailing away before the wives and children could embark. Hence the wives and children were arrested and jailed. Word of this spread throughout the country and very soon a popular protest against this inhumane treatment arose. Due to this popular feeling the wives and children were released and allowed to join their husbands and Fathers in Holland. The vessels sailed to Boston
(Lincolnshire
) and on to Holland, then to Southampton
and finally Plymouth
, from where history records the sailings of the Mayflower
. From 12 July 2008 until 19 July 2008, the town held a number of celebrations to mark the 400th anniversary of the pilgrim fathers arrival and departure.
During the First World War, Immingham was a submarine base for early submarine
s.
During the Second World War, Immingham became the shore base (for a time) of Lord Mountbatten
and the docks hosted his famous vessel, HMS Kelly
. He roomed at the County Hotel.
Squadron Leader
John Dowland
and Leonard Harrison
received the George Cross
for defusing a bomb that had fallen onto the grain ship SS Kildare in February 1940 in Immingham Dock.
The Humber Force, part of the Home Fleet which had two cruisers and a destroyer flotilla (including HMS Afridi
) was based at Immingham during the war, as well as submarines (including HMS Seal
).
.
This caused the area to grow as workers moved in; much of the growth in living accommodation was centred around in a narrow strip (now known as Pelham Road) between two public house
s at opposite ends of the town, the Bluestone and the County Hotel. The advent of the First World War caused the area to suffer some decline: This was not reversed until the 1950s.
industries along the Humber Bank
over the next twenty years also fuelled the economic growth and level of population of the town, evident in the architectural style of many houses. This new residential growth expanded on both sides of Pelham Road and in the 1960s a comprehensive school
and shopping centre/office complex (Kennedy Way) were opened to facilitate this increase.
and Tates Limited http://www.afblakemore.com) have moved out along with the Midland Bank
, although a further supermarket development (The Co-Op) on Washdyke Lane is still operational, known as Washdyke Retail Park.
Plans for the redevelopment of the area were published in January 2009. Plans drawn up by the owners Wellway Properties Limited and the supermarket chain Tesco
show the partial demolition of the existing area and the creation of a 30000 sq ft (2,787.1 m²) superstore in its place, with the rest of the area being upgraded. The proposed demolition covers properties leased by three banks, several national chains and a number of independent businesses.
One leaseholder, the Yorkshire Bank
, confirmed they would not be taking up the option on new premises in the development and closed their branch in August 2009 after 40 years of operation. In late 2010 Barclays closed their branch in the centre as a result of the planned redevelopment. Another tenant, the Norwich and Peterborough Building Society
closed their Immingham office in March 2010 as part of a national re-organisation rather than as a result of the redevelopment.
Immingham Ward
KEY: (L) = Labour Party (C) = Conservative Party
Public houses include the County Hotel and the De Kyme Hotel, as well as smaller establishments such as the Mayflower and Bluestone Inn.
, M18 and M180.
The A1173 is due to be improved to bypass Stallingborough
, and join the A180 junction from the south. Much heavy traffic heading north for Immingham uses the B1225 and then the A1173. The route of the A1173 has changed, with a gap between the B1210 roundabout at Stallingborough and the A180 roundabout, in preparation for direct access to the roundabut from the southern and of the A1173, which will not be built for at least five years.
Immingham is served by the number 45 bus to Grimsby
. During the day, there is a bus every 20 minutes. In the evening and on Sundays, the number 46 runs every hour with the service extended to Cleethorpes
.
is at Habrough
, approximately three miles away on the Cleethorpes to Manchester line.
This area is the busiest in the UK for rail freight with a choice of specialist terminals serving destinations across the country.
Humberside Airport
, conveniently located just a few miles east of the M180/A15 junction, is a key national and international gateway connecting over half a million passengers to 30 destinations every year, with daily flights to Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, the world’s third largest international airport. Humberside Airport can be accessed from the junction of the A15 and M180
via the B1210 through Habrough.
. Which, in turn form part of the wider economic partnership of The Hull and Humber Ports City Region The main sectors of the Greater Grimsby economy are food and drink; ports and logistics; renewable energy; chemicals and process industries and digital media. Along the A1173 is the Knauf UK GmbH plant that makes plasterboard
.
. Its prime deep-water location on the Humber Estuary, gives companies direct access to mainland Europe and beyond.
The first sod of Immingham Dock
was cut in 1906, and was opened by King George V
on 22 July 1913. In part funded by the Great Central Railway
, the dock property was 2.5 miles (4 km) by 1 miles (2 km); covering 1000 acres (4 km²), with 45 acres (182,108.7 m²) of water. The docks were connected to the town and mainline by the Grimsby & Immingham Electric Railway
, with locomotive servicing at Immingham TMD
. Now owned by Associated British Ports, Immingham is home to the largest deep-sea docks in the country. A large port and industrial complex, coal
is imported through the port by SSM Coal Ltd. The port partnership of Grimsby
& Immingham is the largest port in the UK in terms of tonnage, with a total traffic of 57 million tonne
s, 10% of the total, in 2006. Much overseas coal for the Aire Valley and Trent Valley power stations arrives in this country at Immingham and is transferred via FirstGBRf. The large Immingham Railfreight Terminal
to service the docks, also acts as a storage point for excess locomotives and wagons, as well as a scrapping location.
(at North Killingholme
) Oil Refinery by TOTAL
and at the Humber Refinery
(at South Killingholme
) by ConocoPhillips
. They both own the Associated Petroleum Terminals. Oil began to be imported in 1970. The Killingholme Refineries opened in 1969, owned by Total and PetroFina
. The refined fuel was transported to the rest of the UK by rail. 70% of the refined oil from the Humber Refinery goes to the UK, the rest is for Europe
. It is the only coking
refinery in Britain
, produced by catalytic cracking. In the second half of 2007, an £80m bioethanol fuel plant will be constructed close to the town. The plant will use locally-grown wheat
from which to synthesise fuel.
Immingham Power Station
powers both petrochemical works to the north, being owned by ConocoPhillips
. To the north of the petrochemical works is Killingholme Power Station
owned by E.ON UK
and Centrica and three miles (5 km) to the east on the Humber bank is the South Humber Bank Power Station
, owned by Centrica
. In April 2009 Drax Power
held public exhibitions in the area that detailed their proposal for a 300MW renewable energy plant to be fuelled by biomass.
, with award-winning companies and state-of-the-art facilities. Partnerships with Sony, BBC, ITV and the Press Association
enable the area to deliver programming that reaches millions across Europe. Immage Studios is a state-of-the art production centre and hub of creative TV, broadcast technology and new media innovation. The studios, based in Immingham and owned by the Grimsby Institute of Further and Higher Education, consist of a 2700 sq ft (250.8 m²) broadcast TV studio with full production support, HD edit suites and a digital broadcast transmission facility. The studio building is home to Propeller TV
and Channel 7 Television and outputs over 3,500 hours of broadcast programming a year to the Sky
satellite and Virgin Media
cable platforms.
Oasis Academy Immingham, formerly known as The Immingham School, was opened in the 2008 academic year, to be run by the Oasis Trust
. The new, state of the art, academy buildings were opened on 6 January 2009. They include facilities such as a car maintenance workshop, a radio and TV studio and a cost of around £28 million. Immingham School was under special measures
in 2005/2006.
There is also the Allerton, Canon Peter Hall (former St Andrews and Pelham Infants) CE
and Coomb Briggs primary schools, as well as the Eastfield primary school.
North East Lincolnshire
North East Lincolnshire is a unitary authority in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, bordering the unitary authority of North Lincolnshire and the administrative county of Lincolnshire...
, located on the south bank of the Humber Estuary. It is six miles (10 km) north west of Grimsby
Grimsby
Grimsby is a seaport on the Humber Estuary in Lincolnshire, England. It has been the administrative centre of the unitary authority area of North East Lincolnshire since 1996...
.
Geography
Immingham is sandwiched between the A180 to the south and the A1173 (Manby Road and Kings Road) to the north, which is also the access road between both gates of the port. From the west, it has no direct link to the A180; access is via the A1173 towards Grimsby, or more conveniently via the BrocklesbyBrocklesby
Brocklesby is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The village is 1 mile south of Habrough, 4 miles southwest of Immingham, close to the border of both North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire, and near Humberside International Airport...
Interchange and the A160
A160 road
The A160 is a road in North Lincolnshire, England. It connects the A180 to Immingham docks. It is a dual carriageway for part of its length through the village of South Killingholme. There are plans to entirely dual the road, though the scheme is subject to review following the 2010 general...
and through the petrochemical works at South Killingholme
South Killingholme
South Killingholme is a village in North Lincolnshire, England. It is divided by the A160 dual carriageway. Considerably larger than its neighbour, North Killingholme, together they make up the area of Killingholme...
(in North Lincolnshire
North Lincolnshire
North Lincolnshire is a unitary authority area in the region of Yorkshire and the Humber in England. For ceremonial purposes it is part of Lincolnshire....
). The A1173 has a spur for the east gate of the docks - Queens Road. The B1210 carries traffic to the west of the town, from Stallingborough to Habrough
Habrough
Habrough is a village in North East Lincolnshire, England. Habrough railway station serves the village and the town of Immingham. The name Habrough is found in many old records as "Haburgh"....
.
The medieval village of Immingham is on the outskirts of the town to the north west near St Andrews church.
The north-west corner of the civil parish is at End End Farm, next to South Killingholme
South Killingholme
South Killingholme is a village in North Lincolnshire, England. It is divided by the A160 dual carriageway. Considerably larger than its neighbour, North Killingholme, together they make up the area of Killingholme...
and North Lincolnshire
North Lincolnshire
North Lincolnshire is a unitary authority area in the region of Yorkshire and the Humber in England. For ceremonial purposes it is part of Lincolnshire....
. The boundary with Habrough crosses the A180 just west of both Luxmore (Total
Total S.A.
Total S.A. is a French multinational oil company and one of the six "Supermajor" oil companies in the world.Its businesses cover the entire oil and gas chain, from crude oil and natural gas exploration and production to power generation, transportation, refining, petroleum product marketing, and...
) service stations, named after Immingham's Luxmore Farm, just to the north on the B1210. The boundary passes to the west of the medieval village of Roxton, now part of Immingham. The south-west corner of the parish takes in the east of Roxton Wood, and borders Lincolnshire in the wood, extending as far south as New Beck Drain. Eastwards from Roxton Wood, there is a boundary with Stallingborough. This boundary crosses the A180 just west of the A1173 junction and follows North Beck drain along the western edge of the Kiln Lane industrial estate, and is also the postcode boundary (DN41 and DN40), and meets the Humber just east of Cray Valley Chemicals (owned by Total).
Shipping routes
The European route E22European route E22
The European route E 22 is one of the longest European routes. It has a length of about . Many of the E-roads have been extended into Asia since the year 2000; the E 22 was extended on 24 June 2002.-United Kingdom:...
apparently passes through Immingham (this actually refers to the nearby route of the A180 and the A160
A160 road
The A160 is a road in North Lincolnshire, England. It connects the A180 to Immingham docks. It is a dual carriageway for part of its length through the village of South Killingholme. There are plans to entirely dual the road, though the scheme is subject to review following the 2010 general...
via Immingham Dock) and thence on to Amsterdam
Amsterdam
Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...
which implies there is a ferry to Amsterdam. No car ferry of that nature exists but freight transport (lorries) can go with the DFDS Tor line
DFDS
DFDS is a Danish shipping company. It is one of the world's largest ferry operators. The companies name is an acronym of Det Forenede Dampskibs-Selskab DFDS is a Danish shipping company. It is one of the world's largest ferry operators. The companies name is an acronym of Det Forenede...
via Immingham Dock to Gothenburg
Gothenburg
Gothenburg is the second-largest city in Sweden and the fifth-largest in the Nordic countries. Situated on the west coast of Sweden, the city proper has a population of 519,399, with 549,839 in the urban area and total of 937,015 inhabitants in the metropolitan area...
on the AngloBridge line, to Esbjerg
Esbjerg
Esbjerg Municipality is a municipality in Region of Southern Denmark on the west coast of the Jutland peninsula in southwest Denmark. Its mayor is Johnny Søtrup, from the Venstre political party...
on the BritanniaBridge Line, to Cuxhaven on the ElbeBridge line, and to Rotterdam
Rotterdam
Rotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. Starting as a dam on the Rotte river, Rotterdam has grown into a major international commercial centre...
(for Route E22) on the ShortBridge line. Sailings go from the DFDS Nordic Terminal which has six Ro-Ro berth
Berth (moorings)
A berth is a location in a port or harbour used specifically for mooring vessels while not at sea.-Locations in a port:Berth is the term used in ports and harbors to define a specific location where a vessel may be berthed, usually for the purposes of loading and unloading.Most berths will be...
s; DFDS has been operating from the port since 1992. Immingham is the busiest freight ferry port on the east coast of England. The Stena Line
Stena Line
Stena Line is one of the world's largest ferry operators, with ferry services serving Scotland, Sweden, Northern Ireland, Denmark, Norway, England, Wales, Ireland, Germany, the Netherlands and Poland. Stena Line is a major unit of Stena AB, itself a part of the Stena Sphere, a grouping of Stena AB,...
has a route from the Hook of Holland to Killingholme (Humber Sea Terminal).
Anglo Saxon origin
The name means "Homestead or village of Imma's people'. Research into families with the surnames associated with "imma" or "emma" show that many seem to have begun their migration across England (mainly northward) from this part of Lincolnshire.The town, Immingham, has a completely English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
name which is unusual in an area noted for large-scale Norse
Norsemen
Norsemen is used to refer to the group of people as a whole who spoke what is now called the Old Norse language belonging to the North Germanic branch of Indo-European languages, especially Norwegian, Icelandic, Faroese, Swedish and Danish in their earlier forms.The meaning of Norseman was "people...
settlements. This suggests that the name of the town dates from before the Viking invasion of this area
Viking Age
Viking Age is the term for the period in European history, especially Northern European and Scandinavian history, spanning the late 8th to 11th centuries. Scandinavian Vikings explored Europe by its oceans and rivers through trade and warfare. The Vikings also reached Iceland, Greenland,...
. Bede
Bede
Bede , also referred to as Saint Bede or the Venerable Bede , was a monk at the Northumbrian monastery of Saint Peter at Monkwearmouth, today part of Sunderland, England, and of its companion monastery, Saint Paul's, in modern Jarrow , both in the Kingdom of Northumbria...
mentions a Northumbria
Northumbria
Northumbria was a medieval kingdom of the Angles, in what is now Northern England and South-East Scotland, becoming subsequently an earldom in a united Anglo-Saxon kingdom of England. The name reflects the approximate southern limit to the kingdom's territory, the Humber Estuary.Northumbria was...
n nobleman called Imma, who fought in the Battle of the Trent
Battle of the Trent
The Battle of the Trent was a battle fought at an unspecified site near the River Trent within the Kingdom of Lindsey, in the ninth year of Ecgfrith's reign . The battle was fought between the Northumbrian army of King Ecgfrith and the Mercian army of Æthelred, king of Mercia. Æthelred defeated...
in 679 CE.
Imma
Bede tells us that in 679 Imma was a ThaneThegn
The term thegn , from OE þegn, ðegn "servant, attendant, retainer", is commonly used to describe either an aristocratic retainer of a king or nobleman in Anglo-Saxon England, or as a class term, the majority of the aristocracy below the ranks of ealdormen and high-reeves...
(a type of King’s bodyguard) in the service of the 18 year old brother of the King of Northumbria, Aelfwine.
In the Battle of the Trent
Battle of the Trent
The Battle of the Trent was a battle fought at an unspecified site near the River Trent within the Kingdom of Lindsey, in the ninth year of Ecgfrith's reign . The battle was fought between the Northumbrian army of King Ecgfrith and the Mercian army of Æthelred, king of Mercia. Æthelred defeated...
in 679 CE Aelfwine was killed and Northumbria lost control of the area of modern Immingham. Imma was left for dead. He later revived and was taken into captivity (being careful to keep his name and title secret). The Mercia
Mercia
Mercia was one of the kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. It was centred on the valley of the River Trent and its tributaries in the region now known as the English Midlands...
ns who had captured him treated his wounds and when he got better chained him up each night to prevent his escape.
Meanwhile his brother, Tunna, a priest and Abbot of a monastery, assuming his brother dead, had regular prayers and masses said for him.
The Mercians had great trouble keeping Imma in captivity and guessed he was more than just a peasant. The Mercian Chief had him closely questioned. Imma agreed to speak if the Chief promised not to kill him. On learning that Imma was a King’s Thane he was furious but could not go back on his word. The Mercians believed Imma was using black magic
Black magic
Black magic is the type of magic that draws on assumed malevolent powers or is used with the intention to kill, steal, injure, cause misfortune or destruction, or for personal gain without regard to harmful consequences. As a term, "black magic" is normally used by those that do not approve of its...
to escape. But Imma pointed out that his brother was Christian and was probably praying for him and that was the reason for his near-success.
Because he was such a problem the Mercians sold Imma in London as a slave to a Frisian
Frisians
The Frisians are a Germanic ethnic group native to the coastal parts of the Netherlands and Germany. They are concentrated in the Dutch provinces of Friesland and Groningen and, in Germany, East Frisia and North Frisia, that was a part of Denmark until 1864. They inhabit an area known as Frisia...
. This Frisian also found it difficult to keep Imma captive so he allowed him to arrange for his ransom. The King of Kent eventually paid the ransom because he had connections with Imma’s family. Imma went through a number of other adventures before he got back to his own country. On reuniting with his brother, the Abbot confirmed that he had indeed been praying for his brother.
Pilgrim Fathers
The town contains a memorial marking the site of the 1608 departure of the Pilgrim Fathers to HollandNetherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
. The vessel anchored off Killingholme
Killingholme
Killingholme is an area of Lincolnshire, comprising the villages of North Killingholme and South Killingholme. It is the site of two oil refineries, the Humber Refinery and Lindsey Oil Refinery, and an liquid petroleum gas storage facility .It is also a fast expanding port, handling RORO ferries...
Creek but suffered very bad weather. Due to this the wives asked to be put ashore for the night. The vessel was sailed up Killingholme Creek to just below St. Mary's Parish Church in Immingham - a small depression probably marking this site can still be distinguished at the end of Washdyke Lane. The inhabitants of Immingham agreed to the wives and children sleeping in their Parish Church over night. Unfortunately news of this group reached the authorities who proceeded to come to Immingham and arrest the dessenters. On hearing this, the Captain of the vessel insisted on sailing away before the wives and children could embark. Hence the wives and children were arrested and jailed. Word of this spread throughout the country and very soon a popular protest against this inhumane treatment arose. Due to this popular feeling the wives and children were released and allowed to join their husbands and Fathers in Holland. The vessels sailed to Boston
Boston, Lincolnshire
Boston is a town and small port in Lincolnshire, on the east coast of England. It is the largest town of the wider Borough of Boston local government district and had a total population of 55,750 at the 2001 census...
(Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire is a county in the east of England. It borders Norfolk to the south east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the north west, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders...
) and on to Holland, then to Southampton
Southampton
Southampton is the largest city in the county of Hampshire on the south coast of England, and is situated south-west of London and north-west of Portsmouth. Southampton is a major port and the closest city to the New Forest...
and finally Plymouth
Plymouth
Plymouth is a city and unitary authority area on the coast of Devon, England, about south-west of London. It is built between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west, where they join Plymouth Sound...
, from where history records the sailings of the Mayflower
Mayflower
The Mayflower was the ship that transported the English Separatists, better known as the Pilgrims, from a site near the Mayflower Steps in Plymouth, England, to Plymouth, Massachusetts, , in 1620...
. From 12 July 2008 until 19 July 2008, the town held a number of celebrations to mark the 400th anniversary of the pilgrim fathers arrival and departure.
World Wars
British D class submarine
There were plans for a further two, D9 and D10, but these were launched at Chatham Dockyard as HMS E1 and HMS E2.-See also:*Not to be confused with the United States D class submarine of 1909-1910.-Sources:...
s.
During the Second World War, Immingham became the shore base (for a time) of Lord Mountbatten
Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma
Admiral of the Fleet Louis Francis Albert Victor Nicholas George Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, KG, GCB, OM, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO, DSO, PC, FRS , was a British statesman and naval officer, and an uncle of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh...
and the docks hosted his famous vessel, HMS Kelly
HMS Kelly (F01)
HMS Kelly was a K-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy, and flotilla leader of her class. She served through the early years of the Second World War; in Home Waters, off Norway and in the Mediterranean. Throughout her service, Kelly was commanded by Lord Louis Mountbatten. She was lost in...
. He roomed at the County Hotel.
Squadron Leader
Squadron Leader
Squadron Leader is a commissioned rank in the Royal Air Force and the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence. It is also sometimes used as the English translation of an equivalent rank in countries which have a non-English air force-specific rank structure. In these...
John Dowland
John Noel Dowland
Squadron Leader John Noel Dowland was awarded the George Cross, as was a civilian armanent instructor, Leonard Henry Harrison, for his gallantry in defusing a bomb which had fallen on the grain ship SS Kildare in Immingham docks on 11 February 1940. The bomb proved extremely difficult to defuse as...
and Leonard Harrison
Leonard Henry Harrison
Leonard Henry Harrison was awarded the George Cross for "for acts of exceptional coolness and courage on several occasions" in defusing unexploded German bombs during World War II . Having joined the RAF in 1922, he served as Civilian Armament Instructor at an Royal Air Force armament training...
received the George Cross
George Cross
The George Cross is the highest civil decoration of the United Kingdom, and also holds, or has held, that status in many of the other countries of the Commonwealth of Nations...
for defusing a bomb that had fallen onto the grain ship SS Kildare in February 1940 in Immingham Dock.
The Humber Force, part of the Home Fleet which had two cruisers and a destroyer flotilla (including HMS Afridi
HMS Afridi (F07)
HMS Afridi was a Tribal-class destroyer of the Royal Navy. She served in the Second World War and was an early casualty, being sunk in an air attack off Norway in May 1940.- Construction :...
) was based at Immingham during the war, as well as submarines (including HMS Seal
HMS Seal (N37)
HMS Seal was one of six ships of the Grampus-class mine-laying submarines of the Royal Navy. She served in the Second World War and was captured by the Kriegsmarine and taken into German service as U-B...
).
Maritime industry
Up until the turn of the 20th century Immingham was a rural village, dependent on agriculture. The advent of the railways encouraged speculators to utilise its location on the coast to build a deep-sea dock to rival that in nearby Kingston upon HullKingston upon Hull
Kingston upon Hull , usually referred to as Hull, is a city and unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It stands on the River Hull at its junction with the Humber estuary, 25 miles inland from the North Sea. Hull has a resident population of...
.
This caused the area to grow as workers moved in; much of the growth in living accommodation was centred around in a narrow strip (now known as Pelham Road) between two public house
Public house
A public house, informally known as a pub, is a drinking establishment fundamental to the culture of Britain, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. There are approximately 53,500 public houses in the United Kingdom. This number has been declining every year, so that nearly half of the smaller...
s at opposite ends of the town, the Bluestone and the County Hotel. The advent of the First World War caused the area to suffer some decline: This was not reversed until the 1950s.
Petrochemical industry
In that decade the docks began to grow as the country recovered from the austerity of the Second World War and the post war years. The expansion of chemical and petroleumPetroleum
Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling...
industries along the Humber Bank
Humber
The Humber is a large tidal estuary on the east coast of Northern England. It is formed at Trent Falls, Faxfleet, by the confluence of the tidal River Ouse and the tidal River Trent. From here to the North Sea, it forms part of the boundary between the East Riding of Yorkshire on the north bank...
over the next twenty years also fuelled the economic growth and level of population of the town, evident in the architectural style of many houses. This new residential growth expanded on both sides of Pelham Road and in the 1960s a comprehensive school
Comprehensive school
A comprehensive school is a state school that does not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude. This is in contrast to the selective school system, where admission is restricted on the basis of a selection criteria. The term is commonly used in relation to the United...
and shopping centre/office complex (Kennedy Way) were opened to facilitate this increase.
Retail centres
Opened in 1965 the Kennedy Way centre was host to a supermarket, many independent traders and several banks; In 1979 it was extended to house a further supermarket and other shop units. However in recent years the centre has been in decline with several outlets remaining empty for many years. Both supermarkets (Kwik SaveKwik Save
Kwik Save was a discount supermarket chain in the United Kingdom until 2007. Its stores were small to medium sized high street supermarkets, mainly located in areas with below average incomes...
and Tates Limited http://www.afblakemore.com) have moved out along with the Midland Bank
Midland Bank
Midland Bank Plc was one of the Big Four banking groups in the United Kingdom for most of the 20th century. It is now part of HSBC. The bank was founded as the Birmingham and Midland Bank in Union Street, Birmingham, England in August 1836...
, although a further supermarket development (The Co-Op) on Washdyke Lane is still operational, known as Washdyke Retail Park.
Plans for the redevelopment of the area were published in January 2009. Plans drawn up by the owners Wellway Properties Limited and the supermarket chain Tesco
Tesco
Tesco plc is a global grocery and general merchandise retailer headquartered in Cheshunt, United Kingdom. It is the third-largest retailer in the world measured by revenues and the second-largest measured by profits...
show the partial demolition of the existing area and the creation of a 30000 sq ft (2,787.1 m²) superstore in its place, with the rest of the area being upgraded. The proposed demolition covers properties leased by three banks, several national chains and a number of independent businesses.
One leaseholder, the Yorkshire Bank
Yorkshire Bank
Yorkshire Bank is a commercial bank in England and Wales, a division of Clydesdale Bank, which in turn is a subsidiary of National Australia Bank. It mostly operates in the North of England, especially in Yorkshire. In 2006 underlying profit rose 16.7 per cent to £454 million compared with a...
, confirmed they would not be taking up the option on new premises in the development and closed their branch in August 2009 after 40 years of operation. In late 2010 Barclays closed their branch in the centre as a result of the planned redevelopment. Another tenant, the Norwich and Peterborough Building Society
Norwich and Peterborough Building Society
Norwich and Peterborough Building Society is a trading name of Yorkshire Building Society based in Bradford, West Yorkshire. At the time of merger, it was the ninth largest building society in the United Kingdom, with assets in excess of £4.9 billion...
closed their Immingham office in March 2010 as part of a national re-organisation rather than as a result of the redevelopment.
Council Ward and Elected Members
North East Lincolnshire Council has one Council Ward within the area of Immingham.Immingham Ward
- Cllr Stewart Swinburn (C)
- Cllr Trevor Oliver (C)
- Cllr David Bolton (L)
KEY: (L) = Labour Party (C) = Conservative Party
Sport and leisure
Immingham has a sports centre , swimming pool and a golf club.Public houses include the County Hotel and the De Kyme Hotel, as well as smaller establishments such as the Mayflower and Bluestone Inn.
Transport
Road
Being 200 miles (321.9 km) from London, Edinburgh and Rotterdam, means that Immingham is central to the UK and Europe. Local motorways connect to all parts of the UK placing 40 million consumers within a 4-hour drive. Access from the south is hindered by single-carriageway roads, but most heavy traffic comes from the M62M62 motorway
The M62 motorway is a west–east trans-Pennine motorway in Northern England, connecting the cities of Liverpool and Hull via Manchester and Leeds. The road also forms part of the unsigned Euroroutes E20 and E22...
, M18 and M180.
The A1173 is due to be improved to bypass Stallingborough
Stallingborough
Stallingborough is a village and civil parish in North East Lincolnshire, a short distance from both Grimsby and Immingham. The parish stretches from Lincolnshire to the Humber coast, and includes the hamlet of Little London.-Geography:...
, and join the A180 junction from the south. Much heavy traffic heading north for Immingham uses the B1225 and then the A1173. The route of the A1173 has changed, with a gap between the B1210 roundabout at Stallingborough and the A180 roundabout, in preparation for direct access to the roundabut from the southern and of the A1173, which will not be built for at least five years.
Immingham is served by the number 45 bus to Grimsby
Grimsby
Grimsby is a seaport on the Humber Estuary in Lincolnshire, England. It has been the administrative centre of the unitary authority area of North East Lincolnshire since 1996...
. During the day, there is a bus every 20 minutes. In the evening and on Sundays, the number 46 runs every hour with the service extended to Cleethorpes
Cleethorpes
Cleethorpes is a town and unparished area in North East Lincolnshire, England, situated on the estuary of the Humber. It has a population of 31,853 and is a seaside resort.- History :...
.
Railway
The nearest railway stationHabrough railway station
Habrough railway station serves the village of Habrough and the town of Immingham in North East Lincolnshire, England. It was built by the Great Grimsby and Sheffield Junction Railway in 1848...
is at Habrough
Habrough
Habrough is a village in North East Lincolnshire, England. Habrough railway station serves the village and the town of Immingham. The name Habrough is found in many old records as "Haburgh"....
, approximately three miles away on the Cleethorpes to Manchester line.
This area is the busiest in the UK for rail freight with a choice of specialist terminals serving destinations across the country.
Air
Humberside Airport
-Cargo flights:Icelandair Cargo operate a weekly Sunday flight from Keflavík which then departs to Liege-Passenger statistics:-Bus service:An hourly daytime bus service runs from Grimsby and Hull to the airport from Monday to Saturday.-External links:**...
, conveniently located just a few miles east of the M180/A15 junction, is a key national and international gateway connecting over half a million passengers to 30 destinations every year, with daily flights to Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, the world’s third largest international airport. Humberside Airport can be accessed from the junction of the A15 and M180
M180 motorway
The M180 motorway is a short but major motorway in England from junction 5 on the M18 motorway in the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster to a point close to Humberside Airport some from the ports of Immingham and Grimsby and the east coast and provides access for major routes to Cleethorpes,...
via the B1210 through Habrough.
Local industry
Along with Grimsby and Cleethorpes, Immingham is part of the economic area known as Greater GrimsbyGreater Grimsby
The North East Lincolnshire towns of Grimsby, Immingham and Cleethorpes, form the economic area known as Greater Grimsby. The main sectors of the Greater Grimsby economy are food and drink; ports and logistics; renewable energy; chemicals and process industries and digital media.- Europe’s food...
. Which, in turn form part of the wider economic partnership of The Hull and Humber Ports City Region The main sectors of the Greater Grimsby economy are food and drink; ports and logistics; renewable energy; chemicals and process industries and digital media. Along the A1173 is the Knauf UK GmbH plant that makes plasterboard
Drywall
Drywall, also known as plasterboard, wallboard or gypsum board is a panel made of gypsum plaster pressed between two thick sheets of paper...
.
Port of Immingham
As at 2008, the Port of Grimsby and Immingham was the UK’s largest port by tonnage, owned by Associated British Ports, and is a constituent port in the Hull and Humber Ports City RegionHull and Humber Ports City Region
The Hull and Humber Ports City Region is the area whose economic development is supported by the Humber Economic Partnership , a sub-regional economic development partnership. This sub-region covers an area of the Yorkshire and the Humber Region and is centred around the primary built up urban...
. Its prime deep-water location on the Humber Estuary, gives companies direct access to mainland Europe and beyond.
The first sod of Immingham Dock
Immingham Dock
Immingham Dock is a port facility, with linking railways, opened upstream from Grimsby by the Great Central Railway in 1912. It was first conceived in 1874, during the company's Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway days, after test borings north-west of Grimsby had been made by marine...
was cut in 1906, and was opened by King George V
George V of the United Kingdom
George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
on 22 July 1913. In part funded by the Great Central Railway
Great Central Railway
The Great Central Railway was a railway company in England which came into being when the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway changed its name in 1897 in anticipation of the opening in 1899 of its London Extension . On 1 January 1923, it was grouped into the London and North Eastern...
, the dock property was 2.5 miles (4 km) by 1 miles (2 km); covering 1000 acres (4 km²), with 45 acres (182,108.7 m²) of water. The docks were connected to the town and mainline by the Grimsby & Immingham Electric Railway
Grimsby & Immingham Electric Railway
The Grimsby & Immingham Electric Railway was an electric tramway linking Grimsby with the port of Immingham in Lincolnshire, England.It is probably best described by the American term "interurban" as it ran on reserved track rather that through the streets....
, with locomotive servicing at Immingham TMD
Immingham TMD
Immingham TMD is a railway Traction Maintenance Depot situated in Immingham, North East Lincolnshire outside Grimsby, England.- History :Originally built by the Great Central Railway in 1912 to service the newly opened Immingham Docks, it was taken over by the LNER and later Eastern Region of...
. Now owned by Associated British Ports, Immingham is home to the largest deep-sea docks in the country. A large port and industrial complex, coal
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure...
is imported through the port by SSM Coal Ltd. The port partnership of Grimsby
Grimsby
Grimsby is a seaport on the Humber Estuary in Lincolnshire, England. It has been the administrative centre of the unitary authority area of North East Lincolnshire since 1996...
& Immingham is the largest port in the UK in terms of tonnage, with a total traffic of 57 million tonne
Tonne
The tonne, known as the metric ton in the US , often put pleonastically as "metric tonne" to avoid confusion with ton, is a metric system unit of mass equal to 1000 kilograms. The tonne is not an International System of Units unit, but is accepted for use with the SI...
s, 10% of the total, in 2006. Much overseas coal for the Aire Valley and Trent Valley power stations arrives in this country at Immingham and is transferred via FirstGBRf. The large Immingham Railfreight Terminal
Freightliner (UK)
Freightliner Group Limited is a rail freight and logistics company, founded in 1995 and now operating in the United Kingdom, Poland, and Australia. It is the second largest rail freight operator in the UK, after DB Schenker Rail .- History :...
to service the docks, also acts as a storage point for excess locomotives and wagons, as well as a scrapping location.
Energy
Close to Immingham, oil is refined at the LindseyLindsey Oil Refinery
Lindsey Oil Refinery is a Total owned oil refinery on Eastfield Road in North Killingholme, North Lincolnshire, England. It lies immediately north of the Humber Refinery owned by rival oil company ConocoPhillips, being north of the railway line to Immingham Docks. The former RAF North Killingholme...
(at North Killingholme
North Killingholme
North Killingholme is a small village and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England. It has a population of 224. Along with its larger neighbour South Killingholme, it makes up the area of Killingholme. It is slightly closer to Grimsby than to Scunthorpe...
) Oil Refinery by TOTAL
Total
-Mathematics:*Total, the summation of a set of numbers* Total function, a type of partial function in mathematics* Total order, a common total relation in mathematics* Total relation, a type of binary relation in mathematics-Business and enterprise:...
and at the Humber Refinery
Humber Refinery
The Humber Refinery is a British oil refinery in South Killingholme, North Lincolnshire. It is situated south of the railway line next to the A160; Total's Lindsey Oil Refinery is north of the railway line....
(at South Killingholme
South Killingholme
South Killingholme is a village in North Lincolnshire, England. It is divided by the A160 dual carriageway. Considerably larger than its neighbour, North Killingholme, together they make up the area of Killingholme...
) by ConocoPhillips
ConocoPhillips
ConocoPhillips Company is an American multinational energy corporation with its headquarters located in the Energy Corridor district of Houston, Texas in the United States...
. They both own the Associated Petroleum Terminals. Oil began to be imported in 1970. The Killingholme Refineries opened in 1969, owned by Total and PetroFina
Petrofina
Petrofina was a Belgian oil company which merged with Total in 1999 to form TotalFina, but the name has now been changed back to Total after another merger...
. The refined fuel was transported to the rest of the UK by rail. 70% of the refined oil from the Humber Refinery goes to the UK, the rest is for Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
. It is the only coking
Petroleum coke
Petroleum coke is a carbonaceous solid derived from oil refinery coker units or other cracking processes. Other coke has traditionally been derived from coal....
refinery in Britain
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, produced by catalytic cracking. In the second half of 2007, an £80m bioethanol fuel plant will be constructed close to the town. The plant will use locally-grown wheat
Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...
from which to synthesise fuel.
Immingham Power Station
Immingham Power Station
Immingham Combined Heat and Power Plant is a gas-fired CHP power station in North Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the south bank of the Humber, north of the town of Immingham, from which it takes its name. Its generating capacity of 730 megawatts makes it Europe's largest CHP plant...
powers both petrochemical works to the north, being owned by ConocoPhillips
ConocoPhillips
ConocoPhillips Company is an American multinational energy corporation with its headquarters located in the Energy Corridor district of Houston, Texas in the United States...
. To the north of the petrochemical works is Killingholme Power Station
Killingholme Power Station
Killingholme Power Station is the name given to two CCGT natural gas power stations near to East Halton and North Killingholme in North Lincolnshire; Killigholme B opened in 1993 and is owned by E.ON UK and Killingholme A opened in 1994 and is owned by Centrica.-900 MW plant:The E.ON UK...
owned by E.ON UK
E.ON UK
E.ON UK is an energy company in the United Kingdom and a subsidiary of E.ON, the world's largest investor-owned power and gas company. As Powergen, it was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index but since 1 July 2002 has been owned by E.ON AG of...
and Centrica and three miles (5 km) to the east on the Humber bank is the South Humber Bank Power Station
South Humber Bank Power Station
South Humber Bank Power Station is a 1260MW gas-fired power station on South Marsh Road at Stallingborough in North East Lincolnshire of Healing and the A180 near the South Marsh Road Industrial Estate....
, owned by Centrica
Centrica
Centrica plc is a multinational utility company, based in the United Kingdom but also with interests in North America. Centrica is the largest supplier of gas to domestic customers in the UK, and one of the largest suppliers of electricity, operating under the trading names "Scottish Gas" in...
. In April 2009 Drax Power
Drax Group
Drax Group plc is a British electrical power generation company. The company's principal subsidiary is Drax Power Limited, owner of the Drax power station near Selby in North Yorkshire, the largest coal-fired power station in Europe which supplies about 7% of UK electrical consumption...
held public exhibitions in the area that detailed their proposal for a 300MW renewable energy plant to be fuelled by biomass.
Digital media
Immingham is at the heart of the emerging centre of digital media in Greater GrimsbyGreater Grimsby
The North East Lincolnshire towns of Grimsby, Immingham and Cleethorpes, form the economic area known as Greater Grimsby. The main sectors of the Greater Grimsby economy are food and drink; ports and logistics; renewable energy; chemicals and process industries and digital media.- Europe’s food...
, with award-winning companies and state-of-the-art facilities. Partnerships with Sony, BBC, ITV and the Press Association
Press Association
The Press Association is the national news agency of the United Kingdom and Ireland, supplying multimedia news content to almost all national and regional newspapers, television and radio news, as well as many websites with text, pictures, video and data content globally...
enable the area to deliver programming that reaches millions across Europe. Immage Studios is a state-of-the art production centre and hub of creative TV, broadcast technology and new media innovation. The studios, based in Immingham and owned by the Grimsby Institute of Further and Higher Education, consist of a 2700 sq ft (250.8 m²) broadcast TV studio with full production support, HD edit suites and a digital broadcast transmission facility. The studio building is home to Propeller TV
Propeller TV
Propeller TV is a free-to-air television channel broadcasting on Sky and Freewire in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. Owned by the advertising company, Xiking Group.-Partners:...
and Channel 7 Television and outputs over 3,500 hours of broadcast programming a year to the Sky
British Sky Broadcasting
British Sky Broadcasting Group plc is a satellite broadcasting, broadband and telephony services company headquartered in London, United Kingdom, with operations in the United Kingdom and the Ireland....
satellite and Virgin Media
Virgin Media
Virgin Media Inc. is a company which provides fixed and mobile telephone, television and broadband internet services to businesses and consumers in the United Kingdom...
cable platforms.
Schools
Oasis Trust
Oasis Trust is a UK-based Christian registered charity. It was founded by Rev Steve Chalke in August 1985, who had been assistant minister at Tonbridge Baptist Church, Kent, for four years...
. The new, state of the art, academy buildings were opened on 6 January 2009. They include facilities such as a car maintenance workshop, a radio and TV studio and a cost of around £28 million. Immingham School was under special measures
Special measures
Special measures is a status applied by Ofsted and Estyn, the schools inspection agencies, to schools in England and Wales, respectively, when it considers that they fail to supply an acceptable level of education and appear to lack the leadership capacity necessary to secure improvements...
in 2005/2006.
There is also the Allerton, Canon Peter Hall (former St Andrews and Pelham Infants) CE
Church of England
The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. The church considers itself within the tradition of Western Christianity and dates its formal establishment principally to the mission to England by St...
and Coomb Briggs primary schools, as well as the Eastfield primary school.
Notable people
- Graham Cardwell - faked his own death at the port
- Sean StoreySean StoreySean Storey is an English professional snooker player.His best ranking performance to date came in the World Championship in 2003, where he bowed out in the last 16, losing 7-13 to John Higgins. Previously he had qualified for the World Championship in 2001, but lost 10-9 to Joe Swail after...
- snooker player - Ian Huntley - who murdered two 10-year-old girlsSoham murdersThe Soham murders was an English murder case in 2002 of two 10-year-old girls in the village of Soham, Cambridgeshire.The victims were Holly Marie Wells and Jessica Aimee Chapman...
in a high profile 2002 murder case at SohamSohamSoham is a small town in the English county of Cambridgeshire. It lies just off the A142 between Ely and Newmarket . Its population is 9,102 , and it is within the district of East Cambridgeshire.-Archaeology:...
in CambridgeshireCambridgeshireCambridgeshire is a county in England, bordering Lincolnshire to the north, Norfolk to the northeast, Suffolk to the east, Essex and Hertfordshire to the south, and Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire to the west...
was born at Immingham on 31 January 1974 and lived there until the mid 1990s
External links
- Port of Immingham
- Immingham.org.uk
- Greater Grimsby - official site promoting the area to inward investors
- Channel Seven Television
- The church
- Immingham Town Council
- Real-time location of ships in Immingham Dock
- New terminal opens in 2006
- Busiest ports in the country
- Immingham south bank players
- Immingham Golf Club
Video clips
- Town council
- Immingham News
- Shipping traffic in Immingham Dock viewed from ASD Tug Laura with time-lapseTime-lapseTime-lapse photography is a cinematography technique whereby the frequency at which film frames are captured is much lower than that which will be used to play the sequence back. When replayed at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing...
film compression