Caesalpinia is a genus of
flowering plantThe flowering plants or angiosperms are the most diverse group of land plants. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of seed plants...
s in the
legumeIn botanical writing legume is a plant in the family Fabaceae , or a fruit of these specific plants. A'legume' fruit is a simple dry fruit that develops from a simple carpel and usually dehisces on two sides. A common name for this type of fruit is a pod, although "pod" is also applied to a few...
family,
FabaceaeFabaceae or Leguminosae is a large and economically important family of flowering plants, which is commonly known as the legume family, pea family, bean family or pulse family. The name 'Fabaceae' comes from the defunct genus Faba, now included into Vicia...
. Membership within the genus is controversial, with different publications including anywhere from 70 to 165 species, depending largely on the inclusion or exclusion of species alternately listed under genera such as
Hoffmanseggia. Members of Caesalpinia are tropical or subtropical
woody plantA woody plant is a plant that uses wood as a structural tissue. They are typically perennial plants that have their stems and larger roots reinforced with wood produced adjacent to the vascular tissues: typically the main stem and larger branches and roots are covered by a layer of thickened bark....
s. It is named after the botanist
Andrea CesalpinoAndrea Cesalpino was an Italian physician, philosopher and botanist....
.
The name
CaesalpiniaceaeCaesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia....
at
familyIn biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus...
level, or
CaesalpinioideaeCaesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia....
at the level of subfamily, is based on this generic name.
Selected species
- Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb.
William Roxburgh was a Scottish surgeon and botanist. He has been called the Father of Indian Botany.-Early life:Roxburgh was born at Underwood in the parish of Craigie, Ayrshire. He studied medicine in Edinburgh...
, 1832 - Grey Nicker (Pantropical)
- Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.
Carl Ludwig Willdenow was a German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist. He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants...
, 1809
- Caesalpinia conzattii (Rose) Standl., 1934
- Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.
Nikolaus Joseph Freiherr von Jacquin or Baron Nikolaus von Jacquin. was a Dutch scientist who studied medicine, chemistry and botany....
) Willd.Carl Ludwig Willdenow was a German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist. He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants...
, 1799 - Divi-diviFor the Netherlands Antilles-based airline, see Divi Divi AirThe Divi-divi is a leguminous tree or large shrub native to Aruba, the Antilles, southern Mexico, Central America and northern South America. It grows to 9 m tall, often much less and very contorted in exposed coastal sites...
(MexicoThe United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
, Central AmericaManagua
Guatemala City
San Salvador
San Pedro Sula
Panama City
San José, Costa Rica
Santa Ana, El Salvador
León
San Miguel|-|}...
, the CaribbeanThe Caribbean is a region consisting of the Caribbean Sea, its islands , and the surrounding coasts...
, northern South AmericaSouth America is the southern continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere...
)
- Caesalpinia decapetala
Caesalpinia decapetala commonly known as the Mauritius or Mysore thorn or the cat's claw is a tropical tree species originating in India....
(Roth) Alston, 1931 - Mysore Thorn (IndiaIndia, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal...
)
- Caesalpinia echinata Lam.
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de la Marck , often just known as 'Lamarck', was a French soldier, naturalist, academic and an early proponent of the idea that evolution occurred and proceeded in accordance with natural laws.Lamarck fought in the Pomeranian War with Prussia, and...
, 1785 - BrazilwoodBrazilwood or Pau-Brasil, sometimes known as Pernambuco is a Brazilian timber tree. This plant has a dense, orange-red heartwood that takes a high shine, and it is the premier wood used for making bows for string instruments...
(BrazilBrazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is a country in South America. It is the fifth largest country by geographical area, occupying nearly half of South America, the fifth most populous country, and the fourth most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean...
)
- Caesalpinia ferrea Mart.
Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius was a German botanist and explorer.Martius was born at Erlangen, where he graduated M.D. in 1814, publishing as his thesis a critical catalogue of plants in the botanic garden of the university...
ex Tul.Louis René Tulasne, aka Edmond Tulasne was a French botanist and mycologist who was born in Azay-le-Rideau. He originally studied law at Poitiers, but his interest later turned to botany. As a young man he accompanied botanist Auguste de Saint-Hilaire to South America to study the flora of Brazil...
- Brazilian Ironwood, Leopard Tree
- Caesalpinia gilliesii
Caesalpinia gilliesii is a shrub in the legume family. It is commonly known as bird of paradise, but it is not related to the bird of paradise genus Strelitzia. It grows to 3-4 m tall. The leaves are bipinnate, 10-15 cm long, bearing 3-10 pairs of pinnae, each with 6-10 pairs of leaflets 5-6 mm...
(Wallich ex Hook.Sir William Jackson Hooker, FRS was an important English systematic botanist and organiser. He held the post of Regius Professor of Botany at Glasgow University, and was the first Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. He enjoyed the friendship and support of Sir Joseph Banks for his...
) D.Dietr., 1840 - Bird of Paradise
- Caesalpinia hildebrandtii (Vatke) Baill.
Henri Ernest Baillon was a French botanist and physician. He was born in Calais on November 30, 1827 and died in Paris on July 19, 1895.Baillon spent his professional life as a professor of natural history, and he published numerous works on botany...
, 1883
- Caesalpinia kavaiensis
Uhiuhi is a species of flowering plant in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii. It inhabits dry forests at elevations of...
H.Mann-Biography:Horace Mann Jr. was born in Boston on February 25, 1844. He was the son of education reformer Horace Mann. While attending the Lawrence Scientific School he took lessons in zoology with Louis Agassiz and in botany with Asa Gray...
, 1867 - Uhiuhi (HawaiiHawaii is the newest of the 50 U.S. states, and is the only state made up entirely of islands. It is located on an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean, southwest of the continental United States, southeast of Japan, and northeast of Australia. The state was admitted to the Union on August...
)
- Caesalpinia major (Medik.
Friedrich Kasimir Medikus was a German physician and botanistHe was born at Grambach and became director of the University of Heidelberg and curator of the botanical garden at Mannheim...
) Dandy & Exell, 1938 - Yellow Nicker (Pantropical)
- Caesalpinia mexicana
Mexican Holdback is a species of small tree or shrub in the pea family, Fabaceae. It ranges from the extreme lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas in the United States south to central Mexico. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental because of its beautiful flowers. This evergreen produces golden...
A.GrayAsa Gray is considered the most important American botanist of the 19th century.He was instrumental in unifying the taxonomic knowledge of the plants of North America...
, 1862 - Mexican Holdback (southernmost TexasTexas is the second-largest U.S. state in both area and population, and the largest state in the contiguous United States.The name had wide usage among native Americans, meaning "friends" or "allies"...
, MexicoThe United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
)
- Caesalpinia merxmeullerana
Caesalpinia merxmeullerana is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family. It is found only in Namibia. Its natural habitat is inland karsts.-References:* Craven, P. 2004. . . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
A.Schreib., 1980 (NamibiaNamibia, officially the Republic of Namibia , is a country in Southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana and Zimbabwe to the east, and South Africa to the south and east...
)
- Caesalpinia nhatrangense
Caesalpinia nhatrangense is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family.It is found only in Vietnam.-References:* World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. . . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
J.E.Vidal, 1976 (VietnamVietnam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam , is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea to the east...
)
- Caesalpinia paraguariensis
The Guayacaú Negro or Ibirá-Berá is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family.It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
(D.Parodi) Burkart, 1952 - Ibirá-Berá, Guayacaú Negro, Argentinian Brown Ebony (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)
- Caesalpinia platyloba S.Watson
Sereno Watson was an American botanist.Graduating from Yale in 1847, he drifted through various occupations until, in California, he joined the Clarence King Expedition and eventually became its expedition botanist...
, 1886
- Caesalpinea pluviosa DC., 1825 - False Brazilwood
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var.
Caesalpinia is a genus of
flowering plantThe flowering plants or angiosperms are the most diverse group of land plants. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of seed plants...
s in the
legumeIn botanical writing legume is a plant in the family Fabaceae , or a fruit of these specific plants. A'legume' fruit is a simple dry fruit that develops from a simple carpel and usually dehisces on two sides. A common name for this type of fruit is a pod, although "pod" is also applied to a few...
family,
FabaceaeFabaceae or Leguminosae is a large and economically important family of flowering plants, which is commonly known as the legume family, pea family, bean family or pulse family. The name 'Fabaceae' comes from the defunct genus Faba, now included into Vicia...
. Membership within the genus is controversial, with different publications including anywhere from 70 to 165 species, depending largely on the inclusion or exclusion of species alternately listed under genera such as
Hoffmanseggia. Members of Caesalpinia are tropical or subtropical
woody plantA woody plant is a plant that uses wood as a structural tissue. They are typically perennial plants that have their stems and larger roots reinforced with wood produced adjacent to the vascular tissues: typically the main stem and larger branches and roots are covered by a layer of thickened bark....
s. It is named after the botanist
Andrea CesalpinoAndrea Cesalpino was an Italian physician, philosopher and botanist....
.
The name
CaesalpiniaceaeCaesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia....
at
familyIn biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus...
level, or
CaesalpinioideaeCaesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia....
at the level of subfamily, is based on this generic name.
Selected species
- Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb.
William Roxburgh was a Scottish surgeon and botanist. He has been called the Father of Indian Botany.-Early life:Roxburgh was born at Underwood in the parish of Craigie, Ayrshire. He studied medicine in Edinburgh...
, 1832 - Grey Nicker (Pantropical)
- Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.
Carl Ludwig Willdenow was a German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist. He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants...
, 1809
- Caesalpinia conzattii (Rose) Standl., 1934
- Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.
Nikolaus Joseph Freiherr von Jacquin or Baron Nikolaus von Jacquin. was a Dutch scientist who studied medicine, chemistry and botany....
) Willd.Carl Ludwig Willdenow was a German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist. He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants...
, 1799 - Divi-diviFor the Netherlands Antilles-based airline, see Divi Divi AirThe Divi-divi is a leguminous tree or large shrub native to Aruba, the Antilles, southern Mexico, Central America and northern South America. It grows to 9 m tall, often much less and very contorted in exposed coastal sites...
(MexicoThe United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
, Central AmericaManagua
Guatemala City
San Salvador
San Pedro Sula
Panama City
San José, Costa Rica
Santa Ana, El Salvador
León
San Miguel|-|}...
, the CaribbeanThe Caribbean is a region consisting of the Caribbean Sea, its islands , and the surrounding coasts...
, northern South AmericaSouth America is the southern continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere...
)
- Caesalpinia decapetala
Caesalpinia decapetala commonly known as the Mauritius or Mysore thorn or the cat's claw is a tropical tree species originating in India....
(Roth) Alston, 1931 - Mysore Thorn (IndiaIndia, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal...
)
- Caesalpinia echinata Lam.
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de la Marck , often just known as 'Lamarck', was a French soldier, naturalist, academic and an early proponent of the idea that evolution occurred and proceeded in accordance with natural laws.Lamarck fought in the Pomeranian War with Prussia, and...
, 1785 - BrazilwoodBrazilwood or Pau-Brasil, sometimes known as Pernambuco is a Brazilian timber tree. This plant has a dense, orange-red heartwood that takes a high shine, and it is the premier wood used for making bows for string instruments...
(BrazilBrazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is a country in South America. It is the fifth largest country by geographical area, occupying nearly half of South America, the fifth most populous country, and the fourth most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean...
)
- Caesalpinia ferrea Mart.
Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius was a German botanist and explorer.Martius was born at Erlangen, where he graduated M.D. in 1814, publishing as his thesis a critical catalogue of plants in the botanic garden of the university...
ex Tul.Louis René Tulasne, aka Edmond Tulasne was a French botanist and mycologist who was born in Azay-le-Rideau. He originally studied law at Poitiers, but his interest later turned to botany. As a young man he accompanied botanist Auguste de Saint-Hilaire to South America to study the flora of Brazil...
- Brazilian Ironwood, Leopard Tree
- Caesalpinia gilliesii
Caesalpinia gilliesii is a shrub in the legume family. It is commonly known as bird of paradise, but it is not related to the bird of paradise genus Strelitzia. It grows to 3-4 m tall. The leaves are bipinnate, 10-15 cm long, bearing 3-10 pairs of pinnae, each with 6-10 pairs of leaflets 5-6 mm...
(Wallich ex Hook.Sir William Jackson Hooker, FRS was an important English systematic botanist and organiser. He held the post of Regius Professor of Botany at Glasgow University, and was the first Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. He enjoyed the friendship and support of Sir Joseph Banks for his...
) D.Dietr., 1840 - Bird of Paradise
- Caesalpinia hildebrandtii (Vatke) Baill.
Henri Ernest Baillon was a French botanist and physician. He was born in Calais on November 30, 1827 and died in Paris on July 19, 1895.Baillon spent his professional life as a professor of natural history, and he published numerous works on botany...
, 1883
- Caesalpinia kavaiensis
Uhiuhi is a species of flowering plant in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii. It inhabits dry forests at elevations of...
H.Mann-Biography:Horace Mann Jr. was born in Boston on February 25, 1844. He was the son of education reformer Horace Mann. While attending the Lawrence Scientific School he took lessons in zoology with Louis Agassiz and in botany with Asa Gray...
, 1867 - Uhiuhi (HawaiiHawaii is the newest of the 50 U.S. states, and is the only state made up entirely of islands. It is located on an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean, southwest of the continental United States, southeast of Japan, and northeast of Australia. The state was admitted to the Union on August...
)
- Caesalpinia major (Medik.
Friedrich Kasimir Medikus was a German physician and botanistHe was born at Grambach and became director of the University of Heidelberg and curator of the botanical garden at Mannheim...
) Dandy & Exell, 1938 - Yellow Nicker (Pantropical)
- Caesalpinia mexicana
Mexican Holdback is a species of small tree or shrub in the pea family, Fabaceae. It ranges from the extreme lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas in the United States south to central Mexico. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental because of its beautiful flowers. This evergreen produces golden...
A.GrayAsa Gray is considered the most important American botanist of the 19th century.He was instrumental in unifying the taxonomic knowledge of the plants of North America...
, 1862 - Mexican Holdback (southernmost TexasTexas is the second-largest U.S. state in both area and population, and the largest state in the contiguous United States.The name had wide usage among native Americans, meaning "friends" or "allies"...
, MexicoThe United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
)
- Caesalpinia merxmeullerana
Caesalpinia merxmeullerana is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family. It is found only in Namibia. Its natural habitat is inland karsts.-References:* Craven, P. 2004. . . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
A.Schreib., 1980 (NamibiaNamibia, officially the Republic of Namibia , is a country in Southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana and Zimbabwe to the east, and South Africa to the south and east...
)
- Caesalpinia nhatrangense
Caesalpinia nhatrangense is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family.It is found only in Vietnam.-References:* World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. . . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
J.E.Vidal, 1976 (VietnamVietnam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam , is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea to the east...
)
- Caesalpinia paraguariensis
The Guayacaú Negro or Ibirá-Berá is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family.It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
(D.Parodi) Burkart, 1952 - Ibirá-Berá, Guayacaú Negro, Argentinian Brown Ebony (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)
- Caesalpinia platyloba S.Watson
Sereno Watson was an American botanist.Graduating from Yale in 1847, he drifted through various occupations until, in California, he joined the Clarence King Expedition and eventually became its expedition botanist...
, 1886
- Caesalpinea pluviosa DC., 1825 - False Brazilwood
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. cabraliana G.P.Lewis
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. intermedia G.P.Lewis
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. paraensis (Ducke
Adolpho Ducke , also referred to as Adolfo Ducke, was a notable entomologist, botanist and ethnographer of Amazonia....
) G.P.Lewis
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. peltophoroides (Benth.
George Bentham CMG FRS was an English botanist, characterized by Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century".- Formative years :...
) G.P.Lewis
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. pluviosa
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. sanfranciscana G.P.Lewis
- Caesalpinia pulcherrima
In the genus Caesalpinia the most popularly planted species is Caesalpinia pulcherrima. Common names for this species include Poinciana, Peacock Flower, Red Bird of Paradise, Mexican Bird of Paradise, Dwarf Poinciana, Pride of Barbados, and flamboyan-de-jardin. It is a shrub growing to 3 m tall,...
(L.) Sw.Olof Peter Swartz was a Swedish botanist and taxonomist. He is best known for his taxonomic work and studies into pteridophytes...
, 1791 - Pride of Barbados
- Caesalpinia punctata Willd., 1805 - Quebrahacha, Kibrahacha in Aruba
Aruba is a -long island of the Lesser Antilles in the southern Caribbean Sea, north of the Paraguaná Peninsula, Falcón State, Venezuela. Together with Bonaire and Curaçao, it forms a group referred to as the ABC islands of the Leeward Antilles, the southern island chain of the Lesser Antilles.An...
- Caesalpinia reticulata
- Caesalpinia sappan L., 1753 - Sappanwood
Sappanwood, Sapanwood, or Suou is a species of flowering tree in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia and the Malay archipelago. Sappanwood belongs to the same genus as Brazilwood , and was originally called "brezel wood" in Europe.This plant has many uses...
(Southeast AsiaManila
Bangkok
Ho Chi Minh City
Kuala Lumpur
Singapore
Yangon
Bandung
Hanoi
Surabaya
Taichung
Kaohsiung
Medan|-|}...
, Malay ArchipelagoThe Malay Archipelago and Maritime Southeast Asia are names given to the archipelago located between mainland Southeastern Asia and Australia. Located between the Indian and Pacific Oceans, the group of 20,000 islands is the world's largest archipelago by area...
)
- Caesalpinia spinosa
Caesalpinia spinosa Kuntze, commonly known as tara, is a small leguminous tree or thorny shrub native to Peru. C. spinosa is cultivated as a source of tannins and also grown as an ornamental plant because of its large colorful flowers and pods....
(MolinaFr. Juan Ignacio Molina was a Chilean Jesuit priest, naturalist, historian, botanist, ornithologist and geographer.-Biography:...
) KuntzeOtto Carl Ernst Kuntze was a German botanist.-Biography:Otto Kuntze was born in Leipzig.An apothecary in his early career, he published an essay entitled Pocket Fauna of Leipzig. Between 1863 and...
, 1898 - Tara (PeruPeru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean.Peruvian territory was home to the Norte Chico...
)
- Caesalpinia vesicaria L., 1753
- Caesalpinia violacea (Mill.) Standl., 1935
Uses
Some species are grown for their
ornamentalOrnamental plants are typically grown in the flower garden or as house plants. Most commonly they are grown for the display of their flowers. Other common ornamental features include leaves, scent, fruit, stem and bark. In some cases, unusual features may be considered ornamental, such as the...
flowerA flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to mediate the union of male sperm with female ovum in order to produce seeds...
s.
BrazilwoodBrazilwood or Pau-Brasil, sometimes known as Pernambuco is a Brazilian timber tree. This plant has a dense, orange-red heartwood that takes a high shine, and it is the premier wood used for making bows for string instruments...
(
C. echinata) is the source of a historically important
dyeA dye can generally be described as a colored substance that has an affinity to the substrate to which it is being applied. The dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution, and may require a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber....
called
brazilinBrazilin is a red pigment obtained from the wood of the brazilwood family , and is also known as Natural Red 24. Brazilin has been used since at least the Middle Ages to dye fabric, and has been used to make paints and inks as well...
and of the wood for
violinThe violin is a bowed string instrument with four strings usually tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest and highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which also includes the viola and cello....
bowsIn music, a bow is moved across some part of a musical instrument, causing vibration which the instrument emits as sound. The vast majority of bows are used with string instruments, although some bows are used with musical saws and other bowed idiophones....
. Guayacaú Negro (
C. paraguariensisThe Guayacaú Negro or Ibirá-Berá is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family.It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
) is used for timber in several Latin American countries, especially
ArgentinaArgentina, officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations, though Mexico,...
and
ParaguayParaguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay , is one of the two landlocked countries which lie entirely within the Western Hemisphere, the other being Bolivia, both in South America....
. Commercially it is marketed as Argentinian Brown Ebony, mistakenly as Brazillian Ebony, and as a family group as Partidgewood. End use for this timber is typically high-end exotic
hardwood flooringWood flooring is any product manufactured from timber that is designed for use as flooring, either structural or aesthetic. Bamboo flooring is often considered a wood floor, although it is not manufactured from timber, but a grass.- Solid :...
, cabinetry and
turningsWoodturning is a form of woodworking that is used to create wooden objects on a lathe. Woodturning differs from most other forms of woodworking in that the wood is moving while a stationary tool is used to cut and shape it. Many intricate shapes and designs can be made by turning wood.There are two...
.