Annonaceae, also called the custard apple family
is a family of flowering plant

Flowering plant

The flowering plants , also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants. Angiosperms are seed-producing plants like the gymnosperms and can be distinguished from the gymnosperms by a series of synapomorphies...

s consisting of tree

Tree

A tree is a perennial woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or trunk with clear apical dominance. A minimum height specification at maturity is cited by some authors, varying from 3 m to...

s, shrub

Shrub

A shrub or bush is distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and shorter height, usually under 5–6 m tall. A large number of plants may become either shrubs or trees, depending on the growing conditions they experience...

s or rarely liana

Liana

A liana is any of various long-stemmed, woody vines that are rooted in the soil at ground level and use trees, as well as other means of vertical support, to climb up to the canopy to get access to well-lit areas of the forest. Lianas are especially characteristic of tropical moist deciduous...

s.
With about 2300 to 2500 species and more than 130 genera,
it is the largest family in Magnoliales

Magnoliales

Magnoliales is an order of flowering plants.-Classification:The Magnoliales includes six families:* Annonaceae...

. Only five genera, Annona

Annona

Annona is a genus of flowering plants in the pawpaw/sugar apple family, Annonaceae. It is the second largest genus in the family after Guatteria, containing approximately 110 species of mostly neotropical and afrotropical trees and shrubs....

, Rollinia

Rollinia

Rollinia is a genus in the family Annonaceae. While it is widely recognised as a distinct genus a recent monograph advocates its inclusion in Annona, which also contains custard apples and soursops....

, Uvaria

Uvaria

Uvaria is a genus of flowering plants in the soursop family, Annonaceae.-Selected species:* Uvaria calamistrata Hance* Uvaria chamae P.Beauv. – Finger-root* Uvaria grandiflora Uvaria is a genus of flowering plants in the soursop family, Annonaceae.-Selected species:* Uvaria calamistrata ...

, Melodorum

Melodorum

Melodorum is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae.-Species:Genus Melodorum contains 55 species, among which the following deserve mention:...

and Asimina produce edible fruits.
Its type genus

Type genus

In biological classification, a type genus is a representative genus, as with regard to a biological family. The term and concept is used much more often and much more formally in zoology than it is in botany, and the definition is dependent on the nomenclatural Code that applies:* In zoological...

 is Annona

Annona

Annona is a genus of flowering plants in the pawpaw/sugar apple family, Annonaceae. It is the second largest genus in the family after Guatteria, containing approximately 110 species of mostly neotropical and afrotropical trees and shrubs....

. The family is concentrated in the tropics

Tropics

The tropics is a region of the Earth surrounding the Equator. It is limited in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately  N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere at  S; these latitudes correspond to the axial tilt of the Earth...

, with few species found in temperate

Temperate

In geography, temperate or tepid latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. The changes in these regions between summer and winter are generally relatively moderate, rather than extreme hot or cold...

 regions. About 900 species are Neotropic

Neotropic

In biogeography, the Neotropic or Neotropical zone is one of the eight terrestrial ecozones. This ecozone includes South and Central America, the Mexican lowlands, the Caribbean islands, and southern Florida, because these regions share a large number of plant and animal groups.It is sometimes used...

al, 450 are Afrotropic

Afrotropic

The Afrotropic is one of the Earth's eight ecozones. It includes Africa south of the Sahara Desert, the southern and eastern fringes of the Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, southern Iran and extreme southwestern Pakistan, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly...

al, and the other species Indomalaya

Indomalaya

The Indomalaya ecozone is one of the eight ecozones that cover the planet's land surface. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia....

n.

Compared to the species from the Neotropic

Neotropic

In biogeography, the Neotropic or Neotropical zone is one of the eight terrestrial ecozones. This ecozone includes South and Central America, the Mexican lowlands, the Caribbean islands, and southern Florida, because these regions share a large number of plant and animal groups.It is sometimes used...

s, very little is known about many species from Indomalaya

Indomalaya

The Indomalaya ecozone is one of the eight ecozones that cover the planet's land surface. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia....

. Only a few attempts have been made for the phylogeny-based reclassification

Angiosperm Phylogeny Group

The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, or APG, refers to an informal international group of systematic botanists who came together to try to establish a consensus on the taxonomy of flowering plants that would reflect new knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies., three...

 of the family, and those have been hampered by the Neotropic

Neotropic

In biogeography, the Neotropic or Neotropical zone is one of the eight terrestrial ecozones. This ecozone includes South and Central America, the Mexican lowlands, the Caribbean islands, and southern Florida, because these regions share a large number of plant and animal groups.It is sometimes used...

 bias in the available information, with the most of the work having been done on genera and tribes.

Description

Mostly tropical, some mid-latitude, deciduous

Deciduous

Deciduous means "falling off at maturity" or "tending to fall off", and is typically used in reference to trees or shrubs that lose their leaves seasonally, and to the shedding of other plant structures such as petals after flowering or fruit when ripe...

 or evergreen

Evergreen

In botany, an evergreen plant is a plant that has leaves in all seasons. This contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season.There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs...

 trees and shrubs, some lianas, with aromatic bark, leaves, and flowers.

Stems, stalks and leaves: Bark is fibrous and aromatic. Pith

Pith

Pith, or medulla, is a tissue in the stems of vascular plants. Pith is composed of soft, spongy parenchyma cells, which store and transport nutrients throughout the plant. In eudicots, pith is located in the center of the stem. In monocots, it extends also into flowering stems and roots...

 septate (fine tangential bands divided by partitions) to diaphragmed (divided by thin partitions with openings in them).

Branching distichous (arranged in two rows/on one plane) or spiral.

Leaves are alternate, two-ranked, simple, pinnate

Pinnate

Pinnate is a term used to describe feather-like or multi-divided features arising from both sides of a common axis in plant or animal structures, and comes from the Latin word pinna meaning "feather", "wing", or "fin". A similar term is pectinate, which refers to a comb-like arrangement of parts...

ly veined, and have leaf stalks

Petiole (botany)

In botany, the petiole is the stalk attaching the leaf blade to the stem. The petiole usually has the same internal structure as the stem. Outgrowths appearing on each side of the petiole are called stipules. Leaves lacking a petiole are called sessile, or clasping when they partly surround the...

. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flower stalks

Peduncle (botany)

In botany, a peduncle is a stem supporting an inflorescence, or after fecundation, an infructescence.The peduncle is a stem, usually green and without leaves, though sometimes colored or supporting small leaves...

 are axillary to (on the opposite side of shoot from) leaf scars on old wood and sometimes from leaves on new shoots. The flowers are usually trimerous

Merosity

Merosity is the number of component parts in each whorl of a plant structure. It is most commonly used in the context of flowers, in which case it refers to the number of sepals in the calyx, the number of petals in the corolla, and the number of stamens in each whorl of the androecium...

; borne singly or in compound inflorescence

Inflorescence

An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Strictly, it is the part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed and which is accordingly modified...

s; bisexual

Bisexual (disambiguation)

Bisexual may refer to:*Bisexuality, in human sexuality, describes a man or woman that is sexually or romantically attracted to persons of both sexes*Bisexual characteristics, having an ambiguous sexual identity Bisexual may refer to:*Bisexuality, in human sexuality, describes a man or woman that is...

 and rarely unisexual

Gonochorism

In biology, gonochorism or unisexualism describes sexually reproducing species in which individuals have just one of at least two distinct sexes. The term is most often used with animals . The sex of an individual may change during its lifetime, this can for example be found in parrotfish...

. The receptacle might become enlarged, elevated or flat. The outer whorls

Perianth

The term perianth has two similar but separate meanings in botany:* In flowering plants, the perianth are the outer, sterile whorls of a flower...

 are inserted below the ovaries, and have valvate (overlapping) or imbricate (nonoverlapping) segments. Usually two to four persistent sepal

Sepal

A sepal is a part of the flower of angiosperms . Collectively the sepals form the calyx, which is the outermost whorl of parts that form a flower. Usually green, sepals have the typical function of protecting the petals when the flower is in bud...

s that are distinct or connate (fused) at the base. Six petals in two unequal whorls of three with larger outer whorls and fleshier inner whorls that might share the same nectar glands, or six to fifteen petals, with impressed veins on their inner face. Ten to twenty (or many more) stamens inserted below the ovary, spirally arranged and forming a ball or flat-topped mass with short and stout filaments and linear to oblong anthers which face outward and open longitudinally. Each flower can have from one to many pistils, distinct to connate, with stigmas distinct. Marginal placentation, each pistil bearing one locule

Locule

A locule is a small cavity or compartment within an organ or part of an organism ....

, with one to many ovules. Style short and thick, with terminal stigma.

Fruits and seeds: Fruits are distinct (berries) or coalesce (into syncarps). Seeds are one to many per pistil; have a fleshy and usually brightly colored cover, have ruminate endosperm (nutritive tissue surrounding the embryo) and are oily.

Systematics

Monophyly

Monophyly

In common cladistic usage, a monophyletic group is a taxon which forms a clade, meaning that it contains all the descendants of the possibly hypothetical closest common ancestor of the members of the group. The term is synonymous with the uncommon term holophyly...

 and inter-familial systematics have been well supported for Annonaceae by a combination of morphological

Morphology (biology)

In biology, morphology is a branch of bioscience dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features....

 and molecular evidence. The APG II system

APG II system

The APG II system of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. It was a revision of the first APG system, published in 1998, and was superseded in 2009...

 places Annonaceae as most closely related to the small Magnoliid family Eupomatiaceae

Eupomatiaceae

Eupomatiaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognised by most taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 , also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Magnoliales in the clade magnoliids...

.

{clade| style=font-size:75%;line-height:75%

label1=Magnoliidae Magnoliidae Magnoliids are a group of about 9,000 species of flowering plants, including magnolias, nutmeg, bay laurel, cinnamon, avocado, black pepper, and many others. They are characterized by trimerous flowers, pollen with one pore, and usually branching-veined leaves.-Classification:Traditionally,...

1= }}

Combined plastid

Plastid

Plastids are major organelles found in the cells of plants and algae. Plastids are the site of manufacture and storage of important chemical compounds used by the cell...

 DNA marker and morphological character analysis of Anaxagorea

Anaxagorea

Anaxagorea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species Anaxagorea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species Anaxagorea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete, and...

and other Annonaceae and basal angiosperm genera suggest that Anaxagorea is an ancestral clade

Clade

A clade is a group consisting of a species and all its descendants. In the terms of biological systematics, a clade is a single "branch" on the "tree of life". The idea that such a "natural group" of organisms should be grouped together and given a taxonomic name is central to biological...

, sister to the rest of the family. This may confirm the hypothesis that morphological traits shared with other Magnoliales species (such as 2-ranked phyllotaxis, monosulcate pollen, and laminate stamens) represent ancestral characters, while derived characters observed in other genera have evolved independently multiple times. These analyses also support a biogeographic history in which Annonaceae, and perhaps other basal angiosperm clades, originated in South America during the Cretaceous

Cretaceous

The Cretaceous , derived from the Latin "creta" , usually abbreviated K for its German translation Kreide , is a geologic period and system from circa to million years ago. In the geologic timescale, the Cretaceous follows the Jurassic period and is followed by the Paleogene period of the...

, radiating due to migration events throughout Africa to Asia and Central to North America.
Guatteria

Guatteria

Guatteria is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Guatteria anomala, R.E. Fries* Guatteria atabapensis, Aristeg.* Guatteria augusti, Diels...

, with its approximately 265 species, is the largest genus of Annonaceae, and might be broken into three small genera based on molecular characters from multiple locations.

Tribe Saccopetaleae is another group of Annonaceae that is awaiting review as recent molecular studies suggest that this tribe is not monophyletic at all.

Food

The large, edible, pulpy fruits of some members typically called "anona" by Spanish and Portuguese speaking people of the family's Neotropical range, include species of Annona

Annona

Annona is a genus of flowering plants in the pawpaw/sugar apple family, Annonaceae. It is the second largest genus in the family after Guatteria, containing approximately 110 species of mostly neotropical and afrotropical trees and shrubs....

: custard apple

Custard apple

Custard apple, a common name, can refer to:*Custard-apple, also called bull's heart, the fruit of the tree Annona reticulata.*The custard-apple tree itself, Annona reticulataThe term may also refer to:...

(A. reticulata

Annona reticulata

Annona reticulata is a small deciduous or semi-evergreen tree in the plant family Annonaceae.It is best known for its fruit, called custard-apple, a name it shares with fruits of other species from the same genus: A. cherimola and A. squamosa or sometimes it is called wild-sweetsop,...

), cherimoya

Cherimoya

The Cherimoya is the fruit of the species Annona cherimola, which is native to the Andes. Today they are grown throughout South and Central America.-Description:...

(A. cherimola

Annona cherimola

Annona cherimola , and originally called Chirimuya by the Inca people who lived where it was growing in the Andes of South America, is an edible fruit bearing species of the genus Annona from the family Annonaceae is now widely cultivated mostly for its sweet fruits that share the name...

), soursop

Soursop

The Soursop is tripti broadleaf, flowering, evergreen tree native to Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America, Colombia and Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, Soursop is also native to sub-Saharan African countries that lie within the tropics. Today, it is also grown in some areas...

/guanábana/graviola (A. muricata

Annona muricata

Annona muricata is a member of the family of Custard apple trees called Annonaceae and a species of the genus Annona known mostly for its edible fruits Anona. Annona muricata produces fruits that are usually called Soursop due to its slightly acidic taste when ripe. A...

), sweetsop (A. squamosa

Annona squamosa

Annona squamosa a small well-branched tree or shrub that bears edible fruits called sugar-apple, species of the genus Annona and member of the family Annonaceae more willing to grow at lower altitudes than its relatives Annona reticulata and Annona cherimola making it the most widely cultivated of...

), ilama

Ilama (fruit)

The ilama is a tropical fruit tree found in Central America. The name is derived from the Spanish from the Nahuatl ilamatzapotl, of which the rough translation is "old woman's sapote". The name is also applied to a similar fruit, soncoya or cabeza de negro The ilama (also known as the tree of...

(A. diversifolia), soncoya (A. purpurea

Annona purpurea

Annona purpurea is an edible fruit and medicinal plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Mexico, Central America, and parts of South America. Its common names include soncoya, sincuya, and cabeza de negro. It is a tree reaching 6 to 10 meters in maximum height. It has hairy leaves and...

), atemoya

Atemoya

The atemoya, Annona × atemoya, is a hybrid of two fruits – the sugar apple and the cherimoya – which are both native to the American tropics. This fruit is popular in Taiwan, where it is known as the "pineapple sugar apple" , and is sometimes mistaken for a cross between the sugar...

(a cross between A. cherimola and A. squamosa); and biriba (Rollinia

Rollinia

Rollinia is a genus in the family Annonaceae. While it is widely recognised as a distinct genus a recent monograph advocates its inclusion in Annona, which also contains custard apples and soursops....

 deliciosa, which may require reclassification under Annona.). The names of many of those fruits are sometimes used interchangeably. Recently, consumption of the neotropical annonaceous plant Annona muricata (soursop

Soursop

The Soursop is tripti broadleaf, flowering, evergreen tree native to Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America, Colombia and Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, Soursop is also native to sub-Saharan African countries that lie within the tropics. Today, it is also grown in some areas...

, graviola, guanabana) has been strongly associated as a causal agent in "atypical Parkinsonsism." The causative agent, annonancin, is present in many of the annonaceae. It is thought to be responsible for up to 70% of Parkinsonian conditions in Guadeloupe. Exposure is typically through traditional food and "natural" medicines.

Asimina triloba

Asimina triloba

Asimina triloba, the pawpaw, paw paw, paw-paw, or common pawpaw, is a species of Asimina in the same plant family as the custard-apple, cherimoya, sweetsop, ylang-ylang and soursop...

(American pawpaw, prairie banana) has an Eastern U.S. distribution, and is currently under agricultural investigation as a commercial crop.

Medical

The bark, leaves and roots of some species are used in folk medicine

Folk medicine

-Description:Refers to healing practices and ideas of body physiology and health preservation known to a limited segment of the population in a culture, transmitted informally as general knowledge, and practiced or applied by anyone in the culture having prior experience.All cultures and societies...

s. Pharmaceutical research has found antifungal, bacteriostatic, antimalarial, and especially cytostatic capability of some chemical constituents of the leaves and bark. A large number of chemical compounds, including flavonoid

Flavonoid

Flavonoids , are a class of plant secondary metabolites....

s, alkaloid

Alkaloid

Alkaloids are a group of naturally occurring chemical compounds that contain mostly basic nitrogen atoms. This group also includes some related compounds with neutral and even weakly acidic properties. Also some synthetic compounds of similar structure are attributed to alkaloids...

s and acetogenins, have been extracted from the seeds and many other parts of these plants. Flavonoids and alkaloids have shown antibacterial properties, and have been used for treatment of medical conditions, such as skin disease, intestinal worms and inflammation

Inflammation

Inflammation is part of the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. Inflammation is a protective attempt by the organism to remove the injurious stimuli and to initiate the healing process...

 of the eye. Pharmaceutical products are currently in animal and human cell-line trials. Acetogenins are thought to have anti-HIV

HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus is a lentivirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome , a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive...

 and anti-cancer

Cancer

Cancer , known medically as a malignant neoplasm, is a large group of different diseases, all involving unregulated cell growth. In cancer, cells divide and grow uncontrollably, forming malignant tumors, and invade nearby parts of the body. The cancer may also spread to more distant parts of the...

 effects. A wide variety of products have been developed and are available for cancer treatment.

Insecticides

Flavonoids and alkaloids contained in the leaves and bark of several species of the family have shown insecticidal properties.

Other

• Some species of the family, such as Cananga odorata (ylang-ylang
  Ylang-ylang
  Cananga odorata, commonly called Ylang-ylang , cananga tree, ilang-ilang, kenanga , fragrant cananga, Macassar-oil plant or perfume tree),is a tree valued for its perfume...
  
  ) also have aromatic oil and are used for perfume
  Perfume
  Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils and/or aroma compounds, fixatives, and solvents used to give the human body, animals, objects, and living spaces "a pleasant scent"...
  
  s or spice
  Spice
  A spice is a dried seed, fruit, root, bark, or vegetative substance used in nutritionally insignificant quantities as a food additive for flavor, color, or as a preservative that kills harmful bacteria or prevents their growth. It may be used to flavour a dish or to hide other flavours...
  
  s.
• The strong bark is used for carrying burdens in the Amazon Rainforest
  Amazon Rainforest
  The Amazon Rainforest , also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon Basin of South America...
  
   and for wooden implements, such as tool handles and pegs. The wood is valued as firewood
  Firewood
  Firewood is any wood-like material that is gathered and used for fuel. Generally, firewood is not highly processed and is in some sort of recognizable log or branch form....
  
  .
• Yellow and brown dyes.
• Some species are also grown as ornamental plant
  Ornamental plant
  Ornamental plants are plants that are grown for decorative purposes in gardens and landscape design projects, as house plants, for cut flowers and specimen display...
  
  s, especially the Indian species Polyalthia longifolia
  Polyalthia longifolia
  Polyalthia longifolia is a lofty evergreen tree, native to India, commonly planted due to its effectiveness in alleviating noise pollution. It exhibits symmetrical pyramidal growth with willowy weeping pendulous branches and long narrow lanceolate leaves with undulate margins...
  
   pendula.

Genera

• Afroguatteria
• Alphonsea
  Alphonsea
  Alphonsea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Alphonsea curtisii, King* Alphonsea hainanensis, Merr. & Chun* Alphonsea kingii, Sinclair* Alphonsea lucida, King...
  
  
• Ambavia
• Anaxagorea
  Anaxagorea
  Anaxagorea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species Anaxagorea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species Anaxagorea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species (but this list may be incomplete, and...
  
  
• Ancana
• Annickia
  Annickia
  Annickia is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Annickia kummeriae, Setten & Maas...
  
  
• Annona
  Annona
  Annona is a genus of flowering plants in the pawpaw/sugar apple family, Annonaceae. It is the second largest genus in the family after Guatteria, containing approximately 110 species of mostly neotropical and afrotropical trees and shrubs....
  
  
• Anomianthus
• Anonidium
  Anonidium
  Anonidium is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Anonidium usambarense R.E. Fries* Anonidium mannii Engl. & Diels - junglesop...
  
  
• Artabotrys
  Artabotrys
  Artabotrys There are over 100 species of Old World tropics, with 31 species in Africa. It is part of the custard family. All are woody small trees or shrubs with recurved hooks with a tendency to climb. Leaves are simple and alternate, without hairs. Bisexual flowers are borne singly or in cluster...
  
  - trail-grape
• Asimina
• Asteranthe
• Balonga
• Bocagea
• Bocageopsis
• Boutiquea
  Boutiquea
  Boutiquea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Boutiquea platypetala, Le Thomas...
  
  
• Cananga - Ylang-ylang
  Ylang-ylang
  Cananga odorata, commonly called Ylang-ylang , cananga tree, ilang-ilang, kenanga , fragrant cananga, Macassar-oil plant or perfume tree),is a tree valued for its perfume...
  
  
• Cardiopetalum
• Cleistochlamys
• Cleistopholis
• Craibella
• Cremastosperma
• Cyathocalyx
  Cyathocalyx
  Cyathocalyx is a small genus with about 36 species distributed from southern India, Sri Lanka, through Malaysia, Indomalayan islands and reaches as far as Fiji in the South Pacific....
  
  
• Cyathostemma
• Cymbopetalum
• Dasoclema
• Dasymaschalon
• Deeringothamnus
  Deeringothamnus
  Deeringothamnus is a genus of flowering plants with two species, belonging to the Annonaceae family. They are native to Florida. Both are federally listed endangered species of the United States.-External links:** ***...
  
  - false pawpaw
• Dendrokingstonia
• Dennettia
• Desmopsis
• Desmos
  Desmos
  Desmos is a genus of trees and shrubs in the plant family Annonaceae.-Selected species:*Desmos cambodicus*Desmos chinensis*Desmos chryseus*Desmos cochinchinensis*Desmos dasymaschalus*Desmos dubius*Desmos dumosus...
  
  
• Diclinanona
• Dielsiothamnus
• Disepalum
• Duckeanthus
• Duguetia
  Duguetia
  Duguetia is a genus of trees and shrubs in the plant family Annonaceae with approximately 90 species in central and South America, and four species in west Africa.- Species :*Duguetia aberrans Maas *Duguetia adiscandra Jans.-Jac....
  
  
• Ellipeia
• Ellipeiopsis
• Enicosanthum
• Ephedranthus
• Exellia
  Exellia
  Exellia is a genus of extinct spadefish that lived in the Tethys Ocean during the early Paleogene. The adult form is shaped akin to a large spadefish or a short dolphinfish, with very large pelvic fins, and a long dorsal fin starting from in front of the eyes to near the base of the caudal peduncle...
  
  

• Fissistigma
  Fissistigma
  Fissistigma is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Fissistigma cupreonitens, Merr. & Chun* Fissistigma tungfangense, Tsiang & P.T.Li...
  
  
• Fitzalania
• Friesodielsia
• Froesiodendron
• Fusaea
• Gilbertiella
• Goniothalamus
  Goniothalamus
  Goniothalamus is one of the largest palaeotropical genera of plant in family Annonaceae.-Species list:It contains the following species :Indian Region...
  
  
• Greenwayodendron
• Guamia
  Guamia
  Guamia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the soursop family, Annonaceae. The sole species it contains, Guamia mariannae, is endemic to the Marianas Islands.-External links:...
  
  
• Guatteria
  Guatteria
  Guatteria is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Guatteria anomala, R.E. Fries* Guatteria atabapensis, Aristeg.* Guatteria augusti, Diels...
  
  - haya minga, haya blanca
• Guatteriella
• Guatteriopsis
  Guatteriopsis
  Guatteriopsis is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Guatteriopsis ramiflora, D. R. Simpson...
  
  
• Haplostichanthus
• Heteropetalum
• Hexalobus
  Hexalobus
  Hexalobus is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Hexalobus mossambicensis, N. Robson* Hexalobus salicifolius, Engl. & Diels...
  
  
• Hornschuchia
• Isolona
  Isolona
  Isolona is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae .- Species of Isolona :It contains species :* Isolona campanulata, Engler & Diels,* Isolona cauliflora, Verdc....
  
  
• Letestudoxa
• Lettowianthus
  Lettowianthus
  Lettowianthus is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Lettowianthus stellatus, Diels...
  
  
• Malmea
  Malmea
  Malmea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Malmea cuspidata, Diels...
  
  
• Marsypopetalum
• Meiocarpidium
• Meiogyne
  Meiogyne
  Meiogyne is a genus of flowering plants with about 24 species belonging to the family Annonaceae. Its is native from south western India through Thailand, Malaysia, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Hainan, The Philippines to Australia.- Description :...
  
  
• Melodorum
  Melodorum
  Melodorum is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae.-Species:Genus Melodorum contains 55 species, among which the following deserve mention:...
  
  
• Mezzettia
  Mezzettia
  Mezzettia is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Mezzettia herveyana, Oliver...
  
  
• Mezzettiopsis
• Miliusa
  Miliusa
  Miliusa is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Miliusa amplexicaulis, Ridley* Miliusa nilagirica, Bedd.* Miliusa parviflora, Ridley...
  
  
• Mischogyne
• Mitrella
  Mitrella (plant)
  Mitrella is a genus of plants in the Annonaceae family.-Species:Genus Mitrella contains the following species:* Mitrella aberrans* Mitrella beccarii* Mitrella dielsii* Mitrella kentii* Mitrella ledermannii...
  
  
• Mitrephora
  Mitrephora
  The genus Mitrephora, of family Annonaceae, comprises around 40 species of small trees and shrubs found in tropical Asia and northern Australasia. The area of distribution extends from China in the North down to Queensland, Australia in the South. The genus is widely found in southern India and...
  
  
• Mkilua
  Mkilua
  Mkilua is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Mkilua fragrans, Verdc....
  
  
• Monanthotaxis
• Monocarpia
• Monocyclanthus
  Monocyclanthus
  Monocyclanthus is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Monocyclanthus vignei, Keay...
  
  
• Monodora
  Monodora
  Monodora is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains approximately 35 species, distributed throughout tropical Africa.-Some species:* Monodora grandiflora Benth.* Monodora unwinii, Hutch. & Dalz....
  
  
• Mosannona
  Mosannona
  Mosannona is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Mosannona pachiteae, Chatrou* Mosannona pacifica, Chatrou...
  
  
• Neostenanthera
  Neostenanthera
  Neostenanthera is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Neostenanthera hamata, Exell* Neostenanthera robsonii, Le Thomas...
  
  
• Neo-uvaria
• Onychopetalum
• Ophrypetalum
• Oreomitra
• Orophea
  Orophea
  Orophea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Orophea hastata, King* Orophea palawanensis, Elm.* Orophea submaculata, Elm.* Orophea thomsoni, Beddome...
  
  

• Oxandra
  Oxandra
  Oxandra is a genus of flowering plants in the soursop family, Annonaceae.-Selected species:* Oxandra lanceolata Baill.* Oxandra laurifolia A.Rich.* Oxandra leucodermis Warm.-External links:...
  
  - blacklancewood, haya
  Haya
  Haya may refer to:* Haya , a genus of plants in the family Caryophyllaceae* Haya , a genus of basal ornithopod dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous from Mongolia...
  
  
• Pachypodanthium
• Papualthia
• Petalolophus
• Phaeanthus
  Phaeanthus
  Phaeanthus is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :*Phaeanthus acuminata Merr. 1905*Phaeanthus crassipetalus Becc. *Phaeanthus cumingii Miq. 1858...
  
  
• Phoenicanthus
• Piptostigma
  Piptostigma
  Piptostigma is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Piptostigma calophyllum, Mildler. & Diels* Piptostigma fugax, A.Chev. ex Hutch. & Dlaz....
  
  
• Platymitra
• Polyalthia
  Polyalthia
  Polyalthia is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Polyalthia angustissima Ridl.* Polyalthia chrysotricha Ridley* Polyalthia elmeri Merr....
  
  
• Polyceratocarpus
  Polyceratocarpus
  Polyceratocarpus is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Polyceratocarpus scheffleri, Engl. & Diels...
  
  
• Popowia
  Popowia
  Popowia is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Popowia beddomeana, Hook.f. & Thomson* Popowia fusca, King* Popowia pauciflora, Maingay ex Hook.f. & Th....
  
  
• Porcelia
• Pseudartabotrys
• Pseudephedranthus
• Pseudoxandra
  Pseudoxandra
  Pseudoxandra is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Pseudoxandra williamsii, R. E. Fr....
  
  
• Pseuduvaria
  Pseuduvaria
  Pseuduvaria is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Pseuduvaria cerina, J.Sincl.* Pseuduvaria galeata, J. Sincl.* Pseuduvaria nervosa, J. Sincl....
  
  
• Pyramidanthe
• Raimondia
• Reedrollinsia
• Richella
  Richella
  Richella is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Richella hainanensis, Tsiang & P.T.Li...
  
  
• Rollinia
  Rollinia
  Rollinia is a genus in the family Annonaceae. While it is widely recognised as a distinct genus a recent monograph advocates its inclusion in Annona, which also contains custard apples and soursops....
  
  - wild sugar-apple
• Ruizodendron
• Sageraea
  Sageraea
  Sageraea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Sageraea grandiflora, Dunn* Sageraea laurifolia, Blatter* Sageraea thwaitesii, Hook.f. & Thomson...
  
  
• Sanrafaelia
• Sapranthus
  Sapranthus
  Sapranthus is a genus of flowering woody plants in the family Annonaceae.Their flowers are pollinated by flies, and smell accordingly like decaying organic matter.-Species:* Sapranthus borealis* Sapranthus campechianus...
  
  
• Schefferomitra
• Sphaerocoryne
• Stelechocarpus - kepel
• Stenanona
  Stenanona
  Stenanona is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Stenanona panamensis, Standl....
  
  
• Tetrameranthus
  Tetrameranthus
  Tetrameranthus is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Tetrameranthus globuliferus, Westra...
  
  
• Toussaintia
  Toussaintia
  Toussaintia is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Toussaintia orientalis, Verdc....
  
  
• Tridimeris
• Trigynaea
  Trigynaea
  Trigynaea is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Trigynaea triplinervis, D.M. Johnson & N.A. Murray...
  
  
• Trivalvaria
  Trivalvaria
  Trivalvaria is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Trivalvaria nervosa, James Sincl....
  
  
• Unonopsis
  Unonopsis
  Unonopsis is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Unonopsis magnifolia, R.E. Fr.* Unonopsis velutina, P. Maas...
  
  
• Uvaria
  Uvaria
  Uvaria is a genus of flowering plants in the soursop family, Annonaceae.-Selected species:* Uvaria calamistrata Hance* Uvaria chamae P.Beauv. – Finger-root* Uvaria grandiflora Uvaria is a genus of flowering plants in the soursop family, Annonaceae.-Selected species:* Uvaria calamistrata ...
  
  
• Uvariastrum
  Uvariastrum
  Uvariastrum is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Uvariastrum zenkeri, Engl. & Diels...
  
  
• Uvariodendron
  Uvariodendron
  Uvariodendron is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Uvariodendron anisatum, Verdc.* Uvariodendron connivens, R.E.Fries...
  
  
• Uvariopsis
  Uvariopsis
  Uvariopsis is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. It contains the following species :* Uvariopsis bisexualis, Verdc.* Uvariopsis submontana, Kenfack, Gosline & Gereau...
  
  
• Woodiellantha
• Xylopia
  Xylopia
  Xylopia is a genus of plant in family Annonaceae. This genus is solely composed of trees, distribution of which is pantropical . It contains the following species :* Xylopia africana, Oliv....
  
  

External links

• List of Annonaceae genera of the GRIN Database