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Pinnate

Pinnate

Overview
Pinnate is a term used to describe feather
Feather
Feathers are one of the epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds. They are considered the most complex integumentary structures found in vertebrates. They are among the outstanding characteristics that distinguish the extant Aves from other living groups....

-like or multi-divided features arising from both sides of a common axis in plant
Plant
Plants are living organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. They include familiar organisms such as trees, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. The scientific study of plants, known as botany, has identified about 350,000 extant species of plants, defined as seed plants,...

 or animal
Animal
Animals are a major group of mostly multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their life. Most animals are motile, meaning they can move spontaneously...

 structures, and comes from the Latin
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Through the Roman conquest, Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe...

 word pinna meaning "feather", "wing", or "fin". A similar term is pectinate, which refers to a comb
Comb
A comb or hair polarizer is a toothed device used in hair care for straightening and cleaning hair or other fibers. Combs are among the oldest tools found by archaeologists, having been discovered in very refined forms from settlements dating back to 5000 years ago in Persia.-Description:Combs can...

-like arrangement of parts (arising from one side of an axis). The term contrasts somewhat with palmate
Leaf shape
In botany, leaf shape is characterised with the following terms :* Acicular : Slender and pointed, needle-like* Acuminate : Tapering to a long point...

, in which the parts or structures radiate out from a common point.

right

Botanically, the term describes an arrangement of discrete structures (such as leaflets, veins, lobes, branches, or appendages) arising at multiple points along a common axis.
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Encyclopedia
Pinnate is a term used to describe feather
Feather
Feathers are one of the epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds. They are considered the most complex integumentary structures found in vertebrates. They are among the outstanding characteristics that distinguish the extant Aves from other living groups....

-like or multi-divided features arising from both sides of a common axis in plant
Plant
Plants are living organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. They include familiar organisms such as trees, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. The scientific study of plants, known as botany, has identified about 350,000 extant species of plants, defined as seed plants,...

 or animal
Animal
Animals are a major group of mostly multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their life. Most animals are motile, meaning they can move spontaneously...

 structures, and comes from the Latin
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Through the Roman conquest, Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe...

 word pinna meaning "feather", "wing", or "fin". A similar term is pectinate, which refers to a comb
Comb
A comb or hair polarizer is a toothed device used in hair care for straightening and cleaning hair or other fibers. Combs are among the oldest tools found by archaeologists, having been discovered in very refined forms from settlements dating back to 5000 years ago in Persia.-Description:Combs can...

-like arrangement of parts (arising from one side of an axis). The term contrasts somewhat with palmate
Leaf shape
In botany, leaf shape is characterised with the following terms :* Acicular : Slender and pointed, needle-like* Acuminate : Tapering to a long point...

, in which the parts or structures radiate out from a common point.

right

Plants


Botanically, the term describes an arrangement of discrete structures (such as leaflets, veins, lobes, branches, or appendages) arising at multiple points along a common axis. For example, once-divided leaf blades having leaflets arranged on both sides of a rachis
Rachis
The rachis is the main axis of the inflorescence, or spike, of wheat and other cereals, to which the spikelets are attached. It is also the part of the axis that the pinnae are attached to in ferns, the main stem of a compound leaf , or the main axis in compound inflorescences in other...

are pinnately compound leaves. Many palm
Arecaceae
Arecaceae or Palmae , the palm family, is a family of flowering plants, the only family in the monocot order Arecales...

s (notably the feather palms) and most cycad
Cycad
Cycads are a group of seed plants characterized by a large crown of compound leaves and a stout trunk. They are evergreen, gymnospermous, dioecious plants having large pinnately compound leaves...

s and grevillea
Grevillea
Grevillea is a diverse genus of about 360 species of evergreen flowering plants in the protea family Proteaceae, native to Australia, New Guinea, New Caledonia, and Sulawesi. It was named in honour of Charles Francis Greville. The species range from prostrate shrubs less than 0.5 m tall to trees...

s have pinnately divided leaves. Most species of fern
Fern
A fern is any one of a group of about 20,000 species of plants classified in the phylum or division Pteridophyta, also known as Filicophyta. The group is also referred to as Polypodiophyta, or Polypodiopsida when treated as a subdivision of tracheophyta...

s have pinnate or more highly divided frond
Frond
The term frond is used to refer to a large, divided leaf.In both common usage and botanical nomenclature, the leaves of ferns are referred to as fronds and some botanists restrict the term to this group...

s, and in ferns the leaflets are typically referred to as "pinnae" (singular "pinna"). Plants with pinnate leaves are sometimes colloquially called "feather-leaved".

pinnatifid and pinnatipartite: leaves with pinnate lobes that are not discrete, remaining sufficiently connected to each other that they are not separate leaflets.

paripinnate: pinnately-compound leaves in which leaflets are born in pairs along the rachis without a single terminal leaflet; also called "even-pinnate".

imparipinnate: pinnately-compound leaves in which there is a lone terminal leaflet rather than a terminal pair of leaflets; also called "odd-pinnate".

bipinnate: pinnately-compound leaves in which the leaflets are themselves pinnately-compound; also called "twice-pinnate".

tripinnate: pinnately-compound leaves in which the leaflets are themselves bipinnate; also called "thrice-pinnate".

tetrapinnate: pinnately-compound leaves in which the leaflets are themselves tripinnate.

Animals


In animals, pinnate is used to describe feather-like structures:
  • Some muscles can be unipinnate or bipinnate muscles
  • The fish, Platax pinnatus
    Platax pinnatus
    Platax pinnatus, also known as Dusky batfish or Red Faced Batfish is a fish from the western Pacific that occasionally is kept in marine aquariums.-Anatomy and morphology:...

    , is known as the pinnate spadefish or pinnate batfish.