Utricularia livida
Encyclopedia
Utricularia livida is a very small to medium-sized annual
or perennial
carnivorous plant
that belongs to the genus
Utricularia. It is native to tropical and southern Africa
, where it can be found in Angola
, the Democratic Republic of the Congo
, Ethiopia
, Kenya
, Lesotho
, Madagascar
, Malawi
, Mozambique
, Rwanda
, Somalia
, South Africa
, Sudan
, Swaziland
, Tanzania
, Uganda
, Zambia
, and Zimbabwe
. It also has a widespread native range in Mexico
. U. livida grows as a terrestrial plant in boggy areas or shallow soils over rock at altitudes from near sea level in eastern Africa to 2830 m (9,285 ft). It typically flowers throughout the year whenever its habitat becomes suitably moist. It was originally described and published by Ernst Heinrich Friedrich Meyer
in 1837.
.
Annual plant
An annual plant is a plant that usually germinates, flowers, and dies in a year or season. True annuals will only live longer than a year if they are prevented from setting seed...
or perennial
Perennial plant
A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives for more than two years. The term is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter lived annuals and biennials. The term is sometimes misused by commercial gardeners or horticulturalists to describe only herbaceous perennials...
carnivorous plant
Carnivorous plant
Carnivorous plants are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, typically insects and other arthropods. Carnivorous plants appear adapted to grow in places where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients, especially nitrogen, such as acidic...
that belongs to the genus
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
Utricularia. It is native to tropical and southern Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, where it can be found in Angola
Angola
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola , is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city...
, the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a state located in Central Africa. It is the second largest country in Africa by area and the eleventh largest in the world...
, Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Ethiopia , officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth-largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2...
, Kenya
Kenya
Kenya , officially known as the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator, with the Indian Ocean to its south-east...
, Lesotho
Lesotho
Lesotho , officially the Kingdom of Lesotho, is a landlocked country and enclave, surrounded by the Republic of South Africa. It is just over in size with a population of approximately 2,067,000. Its capital and largest city is Maseru. Lesotho is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. The name...
, Madagascar
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...
, Malawi
Malawi
The Republic of Malawi is a landlocked country in southeast Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the northwest, Tanzania to the northeast, and Mozambique on the east, south and west. The country is separated from Tanzania and Mozambique by Lake Malawi. Its size...
, Mozambique
Mozambique
Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique , is a country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest...
, Rwanda
Rwanda
Rwanda or , officially the Republic of Rwanda , is a country in central and eastern Africa with a population of approximately 11.4 million . Rwanda is located a few degrees south of the Equator, and is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo...
, Somalia
Somalia
Somalia , officially the Somali Republic and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under Socialist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. Since the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991 there has been no central government control over most of the country's territory...
, South Africa
South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
, Sudan
Sudan
Sudan , officially the Republic of the Sudan , is a country in North Africa, sometimes considered part of the Middle East politically. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the...
, Swaziland
Swaziland
Swaziland, officially the Kingdom of Swaziland , and sometimes called Ngwane or Swatini, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa, bordered to the north, south and west by South Africa, and to the east by Mozambique...
, Tanzania
Tanzania
The United Republic of Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.Tanzania is a state...
, Uganda
Uganda
Uganda , officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa. Uganda is also known as the "Pearl of Africa". It is bordered on the east by Kenya, on the north by South Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by...
, Zambia
Zambia
Zambia , officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west....
, and Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe is a landlocked country located in the southern part of the African continent, between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers. It is bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the southwest, Zambia and a tip of Namibia to the northwest and Mozambique to the east. Zimbabwe has three...
. It also has a widespread native range in Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
. U. livida grows as a terrestrial plant in boggy areas or shallow soils over rock at altitudes from near sea level in eastern Africa to 2830 m (9,285 ft). It typically flowers throughout the year whenever its habitat becomes suitably moist. It was originally described and published by Ernst Heinrich Friedrich Meyer
Ernst Heinrich Friedrich Meyer
Ernst Heinrich Friedrich Meyer was a German botanist and botanical historian. Born in Hanover, he lectured in Göttingen and in 1826 became a professor of botany at the University of Königsberg, as well as Director of the Botanical Garden. His botanical specialty was the Juncaceae, or family of...
in 1837.
Synonyms
U. livida covers a large native range and is an extremely variable species, which accounts for the high degree of synonymySynonym (taxonomy)
In scientific nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that is or was used for a taxon of organisms that also goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name to the Norway spruce, which he called Pinus abies...
.
- Calpidisca denticulata (Benj.) Barnhart
- Utricularia afromontana R.E.Fr.
- U. andicola Benj.
- U. denticulata Benj.
- U. dregei Kamieński
- U. dregei var. stricta Kamieński
- U. eburnea R.E.Fr.
- U. elevata Kamieński
- U. elevata var. macowani Kamieński
- U. engleri Kamieński
- [U. exilis P.Taylor]
- U. gentryi Standl.
- U. humbertiana H.PerrierJoseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la BâthieJoseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie was a French botanist who specialized in the plants of Madagascar. He delineated the two chief floristic provinces of Madagascar...
- U. humbertiana var. andringitrensis H.Perrier
- U. humilis Phillips
- U. ibarensis Baker
- [U. kirkii StapfOtto StapfOtto Stapf FRS was an Austrian born botanist and taxonomist.Stapf trained in Vienna, moving to Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in 1890. He was keeper of the Herbarium from 1909 to 1920...
] - U. livida var. engleri (Kamieński) Stapf
- U. livida var. micrantha Kamieński
- U. livida var. pauciflora Kamieński
- U. lobata FernaldMerritt Lyndon FernaldMerritt Lyndon Fernald was an American botanist. In his time he was regarded as the most respected scholar of the taxonomy and phytogeography of the vascular plant flora of temperate eastern North America. He published more than 850 scientific papers and wrote and edited the seventh and eighth...
- U. longecalcarata Benj.
- U. madagascariensis A.DC.
- U. mauroyae H.Perrier
- U. odontosperma Stapf
- [U. parkeri H.Perrier]
- [U. prehensilis var. huillensis Kamieński]
- U. sanguinea Oliv.
- U. sanguinea var. minor Kamieński
- U. sematophora Stapf
- U. sinuata Benj.
- U. spartea Baker
- U. spartea var. marojejensis H.Perrier
- U. spartea var. subspicata H.Perrier
- U. spartioides Elliot ex H.Perrier
- U. sprengelii var. humilis Kamieński
- U. transrugosa Stapf
- [U. tribracteata Kamieński]