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Socratic dialogue

 

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Socratic dialogue


 
 

Socratic dialogue is a genre of prose literary works developed in GreeceAncient Greece

Ancient Greece is the period in Greek history which lasted for around one thousand years and ended with the rise of Christia...
 at the turn of the fourth century BC, preserved today in the dialogues of PlatoPlato

Plato , whose real name is believed to have been Aristocles, was an immensely influential ancient Greek philosopher, ...
 and the Socratic works of XenophonXenophon

Xenophon , son of Gryllus, of the deme Erchia of Athens, was a soldier, mercenary and an admirer of Socrates and is known f...
 - either dramatic or narrative - in which characters discuss moral and philosophical problems, illustrating the Socratic methodSocratic method

Socratic method is a dialectic method of inquiry, largely applied to the examination of key moral concepts and first descri...
. SocratesFacts About Socrates

Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher who is widely credited for laying the foundation for Western philosophy....
 is often the main character.

Most accurately, the term refers to works in which SocratesSocrates

Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher who is widely credited for laying the foundation for Western philosophy....
 is a character, though as a genre other texts are included; Plato's Laws and Xenophon's HieroHiero (Xenophon)

Hiero is a minor work by Xenophon, set as a dialog between Hiero, tyrant of Syracuse, and the lyric poet Simonides about 474...
 are Socratic dialogues in which a wise man other than Socrates leads the discussion (the Athenian Stranger and SimonidesSimonides of Ceos

Simonides of Ceos, Greek lyric poet, was born at Ioulis on Kea....
, respectively). Likewise, the stylistic format of the dialogues can vary; Plato's dialogues generally only contain the direct words of each of the speakers, while Xenophon's dialogues are written down as a continuous story, containing, along with the narration of the circumstances of the dialogue, the "quotes" of the speakers.

According to a fragment of AristotleAristotle

Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great....
, the first author of Socratic dialogue was Alexamenes of Teos, but we do not know anything else about him, whether Socrates appeared in his works, or how accurate Aristotle was in his unfavorable judgement about him. In addition to Plato and Xenophon, AntisthenesAntisthenes

Antisthenes, the founder of the Cynic school of philosophy, was born at Athens of a Thracian mother....
, Aeschines of SphettosAeschines Socraticus

Aeschines, son of Lysanias, of the deme Sphettus of Athens, was in his youth a follower of Socrates....
, Phaedo of ElisPhaedo of Elis

Phaedo of Elis was a Greek philosopher and founder of the Elian school....
, Euclid of MegaraEuclid of Megara

Euclid of Megara, a Greek Socratic philosopher who lived around 400 BC, founded the Megarian school of philosophy....
, Simon the ShoemakerSimon the Shoemaker

Simon the Shoemaker was an associate of the Athenian philosopher Socrates in the late 5th century BCE....
, TheocritusTheocritus

Theocritus, the creator of Ancient Greek bucolic poetry, flourished in the 3rd century BC....
, Tissaphernes and Aristotle all wrote Socratic dialogues, and CiceroCicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero January 3, 106 BC – December 7, 43 BC) was an orator, statesman, political theorist, and philos...
 wrote similar dialogues in Latin on philosophical and rhetorical themes, for example De re publicaDe re publica

De re publica is a dialogue by Cicero, written in six books between 54 and 51 BC....
.

Texts

Plato

Generally, the works of Plato's early years are all considered to be Socratic dialogues, but many of the later ones are often included here as well.
  • First AlcibiadesFirst Alcibiades

    The First Alcibiades or Alcibiades I is a dialogue featuring Alcibiades in conversation with Socrates, ascribed to P...
  • Second AlcibiadesSecond Alcibiades

    The Second Alcibiades or Alcibiades II is a dialogue ascribed to Plato, featring Alcibiades conversing with Socrates...
  • ApologyApology (Plato)

    Apology is Plato's version of the speech given by Socrates as he defends himself against the charges of being a man "wh...
  • CratylusCratylus (dialogue)

    Cratylus is the name of a dialogue by Plato, written in approximately 360 BC....
  • EpinomisEpinomis

    The Epinomis is a dialogue in the style of Plato, but today considered spurious by most scholars....
  • EuthyphroEuthyphro

    Euthyphro is one of Plato's known early dialogues....
  • Charmides
  • Crito
  • Parmenides
  • Theaetetus
  • Hippias MajorHippias Major

    Hippias Major is one of the dialogues of Plato....
  • Hippias MinorHippias Minor

    Hippias Minor is one of Plato's early dialogues, written while the author was still young, although the exact date has n...
  • IonIon (dialogue)

    Plato's Ion aims to give an account of poetry in dialogue form....
  • LachesLaches (dialogue)

    Laches, also known as Courage, is a Socratic dialogue written by Plato, and concerns the topic of courage....
  • LysisLysis (dialogue)

    Lysis is one of the socratic dialogues written by Plato and discusses the nature of friendship....
  • MenoMeno

    Meno is a Socratic dialogue written by Plato....
  • Protagoras
  • Phaedo
  • Sophist
  • Critias
  • Republic
  • Symposium
  • TimaeusTimaeus (dialogue)

    Timaeus is a theoretical treatise of Plato in the form of a Socratic dialogue, written circa 360 BC The work puts fo...
  • PhilebusPhilebus

    Philebus is among the last of the late Socratic dialogues of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato....
  • Phaedrus
  • Euthydemus
  • Gorgias
  • Statesman

Xenophon

  • Symposium
  • ApologyApology (Xenophon)

    Xenophon's Apology describes Socrates' state of mind at...
  • HieroHiero (Xenophon)

    Hiero is a minor work by Xenophon, set as a dialog between Hiero, tyrant of Syracuse, and the lyric poet Simonides about 474...
  • MemorabiliaMemorabilia (Xenophon)

    The Memorabilia are also known by the Greek title Apomnemoneumata, and a variety of English translations....


Cicero

  • De re publicaDe re publica

    De re publica is a dialogue by Cicero, written in six books between 54 and 51 BC....