Revolutionary Communist Party of India
Encyclopedia
Revolutionary Communist Party of India is a political party
Political party
A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...

 in India. The party was founded by Saumyendranath Tagore in 1934, breaking away from the Communist Party of India
Communist Party of India
The Communist Party of India is a national political party in India. In the Indian communist movement, there are different views on exactly when the Indian communist party was founded. The date maintained as the foundation day by CPI is 26 December 1925...

. During the period 1934–1938 the name of the party was Communist League. The name RCPI was taken at the 3rd party congress in 1938.

RCPI were against the new Popular Front
Popular front
A popular front is a broad coalition of different political groupings, often made up of leftists and centrists. Being very broad, they can sometimes include centrist and liberal forces as well as socialist and communist groups...

ist politics of CPI and the cooperation with the Indian National Congress
Indian National Congress
The Indian National Congress is one of the two major political parties in India, the other being the Bharatiya Janata Party. It is the largest and one of the oldest democratic political parties in the world. The party's modern liberal platform is largely considered center-left in the Indian...

. During Second World War RCPI supported the Quit India Movement
Quit India Movement
The Quit India Movement , or the August Movement was a civil disobedience movement launched in India in August 1942 in response to Mohandas Gandhi's call for immediate independence. Gandhi hoped to bring the British government to the negotiating table...

, och and a large part of the leadership was imprisoned.

After the war RCPI started organizing soviet
Soviet (council)
Soviet was a name used for several Russian political organizations. Examples include the Czar's Council of Ministers, which was called the “Soviet of Ministers”; a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia; and the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union....

s (panchayats) amongst peasants and workers, as a first step towards the Indian revolution. Differnent views on the revolutionary what led to a split in 1948, and Pannanlal Dasgupta (who was general secretary of RCPI during the war years) broke away and formed his own RCPI: Dasgupta advocated armed struggle. The leadership of Dasgupta's party was later on taken over by Sudhir Kumar.

In 1960 the trotskyist Revolutionary Workers Party merged with the RCPI of Kumar. In the state elections in West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 the RCPI of Kumar won several seats. But when the RCPI of Kumar supported Nehru's line in the war against China, many of the leading Trotskyists pulled out of RCPI.

Ahead of the 1967 elections the RCPI of Tagore had been registered under the name Bharater Biplabi Communist Party (RCPI in Bengali
Bengali language
Bengali or Bangla is an eastern Indo-Aryan language. It is native to the region of eastern South Asia known as Bengal, which comprises present day Bangladesh, the Indian state of West Bengal, and parts of the Indian states of Tripura and Assam. It is written with the Bengali script...

) whereas Kumar's party had been registered under the name RCPI.

What later happened to the RCPI of Tagore is unclear. If one studies electoral results from 1971 it appears that he switched over to Kumar's party (the election results shows a Soumendra Nath Tagore as an RCPI candidate, in the same constituency were Sauyendra Nath Tagore stood for BBCP in 1969. It also possible that it is just a mix-up on behalf of the Election Commission.), at the same time as the BBCP lived on. The registered name BBCP disappeared in 1972 but resurged in 1977. According to Alexander (see below) Tagore's party was split in two, with one led by Anandi Das. But earlier Anandi Das had been part of Kumar's RCPI.

During the 1980s Kumar's RCPI participated in elections as independent candidates. The party was split in two, and in 1991 West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 state assembly elections two RCPIs contested in the Hansan constituency. RCPI (Rasik Bhatt) and RCPI (Gouranga Sit). Later RCPI(GS) seems to have disappeared. Also the parties formed out of Tagore's RCPI seems to have disappeared. RCPI (Rasik Bhatt) is most likely RCPI group still around. The party has a very limited presence in West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 and Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...

, and has at times been part of Left Front
Left Front
The Left Front is an alliance of Indian leftist parties. After a 34-year reign in West Bengal, the Left Front was swept from power in the 2011 election...

 governments in West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

. It is led by Mihir Bain.Subhash Roy is one of the senior leaders of this party and at times he represents it in LF meetings.
The party is a member of the Left Front
Left Front
The Left Front is an alliance of Indian leftist parties. After a 34-year reign in West Bengal, the Left Front was swept from power in the 2011 election...

 in West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

.
In the city of Howrah RCPI won a seat in the municipal council polls in 2003 (In total the Left Front
Left Front
The Left Front is an alliance of Indian leftist parties. After a 34-year reign in West Bengal, the Left Front was swept from power in the 2011 election...

 had put up two RCPI-candidates in the city).In the 2008 Panchayet elections, it has won 3 panchayet seats and a zilla parishad seat in Nadia. The party has retained its lone ward in Howrah municipal corporation elections in 2008.In the 2010 munical polls, RCPI will be contesting ward no.87 in Kolkata as a LF partner. Its candidate is Simki Sengupta. It will also contest a seat at Gayeshpur in Nadia district. It has retained its seat at Gayeshpur municipality. RCPI's headquarters is at Bhawanipore, Kolkata.

The party had a base in the Shantipore constituency in Nadia district of West Bengal for a long time. The seat was represented by veteran leader late Bimalananda Mukherjee many times. In 2006, CPI(M) has snatched this seat from RCPI's quota and currently the party has left with only the Hasan assembly segment in Birbhum district to contest with as a LF constituent.
In the 2011 West Bengal assembly election , the RCPI contested the Hansan (Vidhan Sabha constituency)
Hansan (Vidhan Sabha constituency)
Hansan is an assembly constituency in Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is an open seat now but was earlier reserved for scheduled castes. Hansan is a gram panchayat under Rampurhat intermediate panchayat....

 and the Shantipur (Vidhan Sabha constituency) as a Left Front partner. Both its candidates lost the election.
RCPI had participated in various mass-movements along with the other left parties during the Congres rule in Bengal.
The party has little influence left in Assam.
In 2009, its two candidates in Jorhat and Guhawati constituencies received 5642 and 7477 votes respectively.
Raj Kumar Dowara and Ambu Bora were the candidates respectively.

It contested both Shantipur and Hasan seats in 2011 assembly polls as a LF partner. But it lost both of them.

Basthura Kalyan Parishad (Refugee Welfare Council) was an RCPI-related (unclear which faction) organization active in camps for refugees from East Pakistan
East Pakistan
East Pakistan was a provincial state of Pakistan established in 14 August 1947. The provincial state existed until its declaration of independence on 26 March 1971 as the independent nation of Bangladesh. Pakistan recognized the new nation on 16 December 1971. East Pakistan was created from Bengal...

 who came to West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 after Partition
Partition of India
The Partition of India was the partition of British India on the basis of religious demographics that led to the creation of the sovereign states of the Dominion of Pakistan and the Union of India on 14 and 15...

 in 1947. RCPI was especially active in the camps near Nadia
Nadia District
Nadia district is a district of the state of West Bengal, in the north east of India. It borders with Bangladesh to the east, North 24 Parganas and Hooghly districts to the south, Bardhaman district to the west, and Murshidabad district to the north....

.

The party Real Communist Party of India
Real Communist Party of India
Real Communist Party of India was a political party in India which existed around 1991. Most probably it was a splinter-group of Revolutionary Communist Party of India. The party ran in state assembly elections in West Bengal and Assam 1991...

 which existed around 1991, was most probably an RCPI-splinter-group.

Election results

Election results listed by registered party name. Only RCPI
Bishnuprasad Rabha
Bishnu Prasad Rabha was born in Dhaka on 31 January 1909. He was a multifaceted artist and revolutionary singer of Assam. A doyen of the Arts, he is popularly known as Kala Guru . From an early stage, he played an active role in the struggle for Indian independence. However, he never joined Indian...

-factions which were registered are listed. Winning candidates are marked by *.

Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...

 1962











Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI 35. GOSSALGAON PRAKASH BORO 1 308 5,61%
52. SORBHOG SRIHARI BARMAN 5 154 18,82%
87. TEOK KSHETRADHAR BARBARUA 2 652 13,27%
88. AMGURI KHAGEN BARBARUA* 8 798 42,80%
89. MAZIRA SARAT CHANDRA DUTTA 1 571 7,24%
90. SONARI HARI KANTA BARUAH 1 241 7,44%
91. THOWRA BUDDHA BARUA 7 574 27,90%
92. SIBSAGAR RAJANI PHUKAN 951 3,94%


Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...

 1978













Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI 81. LAHARIGHAT FAIZUDDIN 476 1,01%
82. RAHA (SC) MOHAN 2 796 5,50%
83. DHING
Dhing
Dhing is a town and a town area committee in Nagaon district in the state of Assam, India.-Geography:Dhing is located at . It has an average elevation of 58 metres ....

MD. SAMSUL HUDA
Nagaon
Nagaon , is a medium sized city and a municipal board in Nagaon district in the Indian state of Assam. It is situated east of Guwahati. An older spelling of the name is Nowgong.It is one of the fastest growing cities of the northeast.-History:...

*
32 394 76,17%
84. BATADROBA BANESWAR SAIKIA* 13 073
29,02%
89. KALIABOR RUPAM BORA 872 2,45%
103. AMGURI KHAGEN BORBARUA* 11 949
35,60%
105. MAHMARA BUDHA BARUA* 7 574 20,90%
106. SONARI STEN BARUAH 697 1,83%
107. THOWRA SUSEN DEORI 2 465 7,35%
108. SIBSAGAR RAJANI PHUKAN 149 0,32%


Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...

 1991






Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI(RB) 82. RAHA (SC) MOHAN HAZARIKA 776 1,00%
83. DHING A. RASHID 621 0,84%
84. BATADROBA BANESWAR SAIKIA 895 1,31%


Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...

 1996









Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI(RB) 82. RAHA (SC) MOHAN HAZARIKA 418 0,47%
83. DHING ABDUR RASHID 522 0,63%
84. BATADROBA PANKAJ SAIKIA 134 0,17%
86. NOWGONG NOOR MAMUD 186 0,22%
101. MARIANI SUNIL KURMI 517 0,90%
105. MAHMARA PRAFULLA GOGOI 1598 2,59%


Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...

 2001





Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI(RB) 83. DHING ABDUR RASHID 301 0,32%
84. BATADROBA BANESWAR SAIKIA 275 0,34%


West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 1969










Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI 73. SANTIPUR M. MAKSHED ALI 21 848 47,49%
115. PATHARPRATIMA GADADHAR BARIK 243 0,41%
153. HOWRAH CENTRAL ANADI DAS* 28 522 58,85%
252. FARIDPUR KISHORE CHATTERJEE 568 1,48%
RCPI 76. CHAKDAH TAGORE SAUYENDRA NATH 7 013 13,23%
77. HARINGHATA MANOHAR RAY 499 0,91%


West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 1971













Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI 62. BARWAN MRITYUNHOY GHOSE 779 2,16%
73. SANTIPUR BIMALANANDA MUKHERJEE* 16 818 39,73%
76. CHAKDAH SOMENDRA NATH TAGORE 5 348 9,29%
153. HOWRAH CENTRAL SUDHIN KUMAR* 12 616 39,80%
156. DOMJUR NIRDHAN SARDAR 880 1,54%
246. BARABANI MAJI DAKSHINESWAR 531 1,28%
278. HANSAN (SC) TRILOCHAN MAL* 9 181 44,20%
BBCP 91. GOSABA (SC) KAMALAPADA MONDAL 653 1,21%
232. RAIPUR (ST) SYAM CHARAN MANDY 5 945 13,60%
234. INDPUR (SC) PRAYAG MANDAL* 9 786 29,44%


West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 1972







Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI 73. SANTIPUR BIMALANANDA MUKHERJEE 18 626 40,58%
153. HOWRAH CENTRAL SUDHINDRA NATH KUMAR 15 870
37,77%
278. HANSAN (SC) TRILOCHAN MAL 12542
42,01%


West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 1977











Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI 73. SANTIPUR BIMALANANDA MUKHERJEE* 28 553 55,72%
217. PINGLA MALATI BHUSAN HAZRA 10 218
22,65%
278. HANSAN (SC) TRILOCHAN MAL* 14 883 39,60%
BBCP 82. CHAKDAHA TAPASH KUMAR CHAKRABORTY 498 0,84%
216 . SABANG GOURANGA SAMANTA* 19 730 41,94%
247 . INDPUR (SC) RADHARAMAN MOI 15 727 33,90%


West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 1991





Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI(RB)
292. HANSAN (SC)
TRILOCHON DAS* 37878
42,05%
RCPI(GS)
292. HANSAN (SC)
UMA KANTA RAY 983
1,09%


West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 1996






Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI(RB)
78. SANTIPUR
BIMALANANDA MUKHERJEE 67 793 42,74%

292. HANSAN (SC)
MIHIR BAIN 37 573 35,21%


West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 2001





Party name: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
RCPI(RB)
78. SANTIPUR
ASIM GHOSH 6 527 4,06%
292. HANSAN (SC) MIHIR BAIN 41 858 39,54%


Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
The Lok Sabha or House of the People is the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by direct election under universal adult suffrage. As of 2009, there have been fifteen Lok Sabhas elected by the people of India...

 Election Results for RCPI/RCPI(RB) from Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...

:














Year of election Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
1962 11. SIBSAGAR RAJANI PHUKAH 33 488 16,08%
1971 10. NOWGONG BANESWAR SAIKIA 32 619 14,34%
1971 12. JORHAT KHOGEN BAR BARUAH 31 810
17,10%
1977 11. KALIABOR SHAMSUL HUDA
Nagaon
Nagaon , is a medium sized city and a municipal board in Nagaon district in the Indian state of Assam. It is situated east of Guwahati. An older spelling of the name is Nowgong.It is one of the fastest growing cities of the northeast.-History:...

45 047 15,63%
1996 10. NOWGONG BANESWAR SAIKIA 1 803 0,25%
1998 11. KALIABOR ABDUR RASHID 2778 0,43%
1998 12. JORHAT PADMA KAMAL PHUKON 1632 0,49%
1999 11. KALIABOR BANESWAR SAIKIA 1516 0,20%
2004 12. JORHAT RAJ KUMAR DOWARA
16691
2,50%


Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
The Lok Sabha or House of the People is the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by direct election under universal adult suffrage. As of 2009, there have been fifteen Lok Sabhas elected by the people of India...

 för RCPI from Bihar 





Year of election: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
1962 12. SITAMARHI ALISHER ANSARI 27 325 11,47%
1971 23. KATIHAR LAKSHMI NARAYAN SINGH 1 193 0,43%


The Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
The Lok Sabha or House of the People is the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by direct election under universal adult suffrage. As of 2009, there have been fifteen Lok Sabhas elected by the people of India...

 election results of 1951 mentions one RCPI (registered as a national party), but it is unclear which faction it was (most probably RCPI (Pannanlal)).





State: Constituency: Name of candidate: No. of votes: %:
West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...

 
19. SANTIPUR BIML KUMAR CHATTERJEE 26 245
16,31%
Patiala and East Punjab States Union
Patiala and East Punjab States Union
The Patiala and East Punjab States Union was a state of India from 1948-56. It was created by combining eight princely states: Patiala, Jind, Nabha, Kapurthala, Faridkot, Kalsia, Malerkotla and Nalagarh. The state was inaugurated on July 15, 1948 and formally became a state of India in 1950. The...

2. SANGRUR BAKSHI RAM 41 030
19,38%

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