Henry de Vere Vane, 9th Baron Barnard
Encyclopedia
Henry de Vere Vane, 9th Baron Barnard FSA, JP
, Hon. DCL
Durham (10 May 1854 – 28 December 1918) was a British peer
and masonic grand master
.
. In his youth he was educated at Eton College
. Following in the family tradition, he went up to the University of Oxford
in about 1873, reading for a B.A.
at Brasenose College and attaining the degree
in 1876.
After three years of training he became a barrister
being called to the bar by the Inner Temple
; although it is unlikely he ever practiced as a barrister.
and had three living sons, one of them predeceasing him. He also served in the Northamptonshire Militia between 1876 to 1884.
His heir apparent
was his second son, Christopher Vane, 10th Baron Barnard
MC
who served in the Westmorland and Cumberland Yeomanry
being wounded in action and decorated in World War I
. Lord Barnard's first son, the Hon. Henry Cecil Vane
, was badly wounded in France
and subsequently died from his wounds.
, Lord Barnard did not expect to inherit Raby Castle
as he was not directly in the line of succession. Therefore he pursued a career in the civil service
at the Charity Commission
between 1881 and 1891. He was promoted to the Private Secretary
to the Chief Commissioner
in 1885 and served in that post until 1890.
died, leaving the line of succession to the duke
dom unclear. The case was decided in 1891 when the Committee of Privileges of the House of Lords
held him to be the 9th Baron Barnard and inheritor of the vast estates of Raby
although he did not inherit the title of Duke of Cleveland
which became extinct. Lord Barnard therefore left the Charity Commission to concentrate on the management of the estate. Contemporary sources describe him in this role as:
he became a member of the Lodge of Friendship No. 6. One of the lodge's members was John Fawcett
who was Provincial Grand Master
of Durham at the time.
His association with the Province of Durham commenced during 1892 when he joined the Rose of Raby Lodge No. 1650 at Staindrop
. This was the village nearest to his Raby Castle home. Two years later he was installed as master. Subsequent mesonic accolades followed when in 1895 he was appointed Senior Grand Warden for the Province of Durham and in the same year appointed Junior Grand Warden of England. He joined Lambton Lodge in No.375 and was elevated to the chair of that lodge shortly thereafter. He became a member and Past Master of the distinguished Royal Alpha Lodge No.16 in which Prince Arthur of Connaught
was initiated. On the death of Hedworth Williamson
during 1900, Lord Barnard was appointed to the vacant office of Provincial Grandmaster of Durham.
His legal training and business skills vastly improved the organisation of freemasonry
in north east England, with membership increasing from 3,330 to 9,000 during his tenure. Two lodges, Lord Barnard Lodge No. 2935 at South Shields
consecrated during 1902 and Vane Lodge No.3110 at Bishop Auckland
consecrated in 1905 being named in his honour.
4th (Special Reserve) Battalion Durham Light Infantry
, the Chairman of the Tees Fishery Board and was a governor
of Shrewsbury School
. He was a member of Brooks and the Oxford and Cambridge gentleman's clubs. As with the fashion of the time, he kept two houses, his provincial home being Raby Castle, Darlington
and a residence for the London season at 20 Belgrave Square
, SW. He was also awarded the a Doctor of Civil Law
from the University of Durham in 1916.
. A masonic memorial service was held at Durham Cathedral
, at which the Dean of Durham stated:
Justice of the Peace
A justice of the peace is a puisne judicial officer elected or appointed by means of a commission to keep the peace. Depending on the jurisdiction, they might dispense summary justice or merely deal with local administrative applications in common law jurisdictions...
, Hon. DCL
Doctor of Civil Law
Doctor of Civil Law is a degree offered by some universities, such as the University of Oxford, instead of the more common Doctor of Laws degrees....
Durham (10 May 1854 – 28 December 1918) was a British peer
Peerage
The Peerage is a legal system of largely hereditary titles in the United Kingdom, which constitute the ranks of British nobility and is part of the British honours system...
and masonic grand master
Grand Master (Masonic)
In Freemasonry a Grand Master is the leader of the lodges within his Masonic jurisdiction. He presides over a Grand Lodge, and has certain rights in the constituent lodges that form his jurisdiction....
.
Education
He was born, on 10 May 1854, as the son of Sir Henry Morgan Vane at DurhamDurham
Durham is a city in north east England. It is within the County Durham local government district, and is the county town of the larger ceremonial county...
. In his youth he was educated at Eton College
Eton College
Eton College, often referred to simply as Eton, is a British independent school for boys aged 13 to 18. It was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as "The King's College of Our Lady of Eton besides Wyndsor"....
. Following in the family tradition, he went up to the University of Oxford
University of Oxford
The University of Oxford is a university located in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096...
in about 1873, reading for a B.A.
Bachelor of Arts
A Bachelor of Arts , from the Latin artium baccalaureus, is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both...
at Brasenose College and attaining the degree
Bachelor's degree
A bachelor's degree is usually an academic degree awarded for an undergraduate course or major that generally lasts for three or four years, but can range anywhere from two to six years depending on the region of the world...
in 1876.
After three years of training he became a barrister
Barrister
A barrister is a member of one of the two classes of lawyer found in many common law jurisdictions with split legal professions. Barristers specialise in courtroom advocacy, drafting legal pleadings and giving expert legal opinions...
being called to the bar by the Inner Temple
Inner Temple
The Honourable Society of the Inner Temple, commonly known as Inner Temple, is one of the four Inns of Court in London. To be called to the Bar and practise as a barrister in England and Wales, an individual must belong to one of these Inns...
; although it is unlikely he ever practiced as a barrister.
Marriage and children
On 28 June 1881, he married Lady Catharine Sarah Cecil, daughter of the 3rd Marquess of ExeterWilliam Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Exeter
William Alleyne Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Exeter PC , styled Lord Burghley between 1825 and 1867, was a British peer and Conservative politician...
and had three living sons, one of them predeceasing him. He also served in the Northamptonshire Militia between 1876 to 1884.
His heir apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....
was his second son, Christopher Vane, 10th Baron Barnard
Christopher Vane, 10th Baron Barnard
Christopher William Vane, 10th Baron Barnard CMG, OBE, MC, TD was a British peer and military officer.-Education:...
MC
Military Cross
The Military Cross is the third-level military decoration awarded to officers and other ranks of the British Armed Forces; and formerly also to officers of other Commonwealth countries....
who served in the Westmorland and Cumberland Yeomanry
Westmorland and Cumberland Yeomanry
The Westmorland and Cumberland Yeomanry was a Yeomanry , Cavalry Regiment of the British Army formed in 1828. They were a part of the Imperial Yeomanry during the Boer War and would remain in Great Britain for the first years of the Great War but went to sail for France in 1917 to fight in the...
being wounded in action and decorated in World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
. Lord Barnard's first son, the Hon. Henry Cecil Vane
Henry Cecil Vane
Major Hon. Henry Cecil Vane was the son and heir apparent of Henry de Vere Vane, 9th Baron Barnard of Raby Castle. He was wounded in World War I and died of those wounds shortly after, leaving his younger brother, Christopher Vane, 10th Baron Barnard as hair to the Raby estates.-Education:The Hon...
, was badly wounded in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
and subsequently died from his wounds.
Civil Service career
Although the son of a minor member of the aristocracyAristocracy
Aristocracy , is a form of government in which a few elite citizens rule. The term derives from the Greek aristokratia, meaning "rule of the best". In origin in Ancient Greece, it was conceived of as rule by the best qualified citizens, and contrasted with monarchy...
, Lord Barnard did not expect to inherit Raby Castle
Raby Castle
Raby Castle is situated near Staindrop in County Durham and is one of the largest inhabited castles in England. The Grade I listed building has opulent eighteenth and nineteenth century interiors inside a largely unchanged, late medieval shell. It is the home and seat of John Vane, 11th Baron...
as he was not directly in the line of succession. Therefore he pursued a career in the civil service
Civil service
The term civil service has two distinct meanings:* A branch of governmental service in which individuals are employed on the basis of professional merit as proven by competitive examinations....
at the Charity Commission
Charity Commission
The Charity Commission for England and Wales is the non-ministerial government department that regulates registered charities in England and Wales....
between 1881 and 1891. He was promoted to the Private Secretary
Private Secretary
In the United Kingdom government, a Private Secretary is a civil servant in a Department or Ministry, responsible to the Secretary of State or Minister...
to the Chief Commissioner
Chief Commissioner
A Chief Commissioner is a commissioner of a high rank, usually in chief of several Commissioners or similarly styled officers.-Colonial:In British India the gubernatorial style was Chief Commissioner in various provinces , the style being applied especially where an elected assembly did not exist,...
in 1885 and served in that post until 1890.
Elevation to the peerage
In 1890 the former 4th Duke of ClevelandHarry Powlett, 4th Duke of Cleveland
Harry George Powlett, 4th Duke of Cleveland KG , born Harry George Vane and known as Lord Harry George Vane from 1827 to 1864, was an English Whig statesman. He was the third son of William Vane, 3rd Earl of Darlington, who would later be created Duke of Cleveland...
died, leaving the line of succession to the duke
Duke
A duke or duchess is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy...
dom unclear. The case was decided in 1891 when the Committee of Privileges of the House of Lords
House of Lords
The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....
held him to be the 9th Baron Barnard and inheritor of the vast estates of Raby
Raby Castle
Raby Castle is situated near Staindrop in County Durham and is one of the largest inhabited castles in England. The Grade I listed building has opulent eighteenth and nineteenth century interiors inside a largely unchanged, late medieval shell. It is the home and seat of John Vane, 11th Baron...
although he did not inherit the title of Duke of Cleveland
Duke of Cleveland
Duke of Cleveland is a title that has been created twice, once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The dukedoms were named after Cleveland in northern England....
which became extinct. Lord Barnard therefore left the Charity Commission to concentrate on the management of the estate. Contemporary sources describe him in this role as:
[winning] the hearts of all by his unaffected kindliness and consideration, and by the interest he evinced in everything that concerned the welfare of his estates and neighbours.
Masonic career
Lord Barnard's masonic career commenced when he was initiated into the Apollo Lodge No. 357 while studying at the University of Oxford during 1874. When in LondonLondon
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
he became a member of the Lodge of Friendship No. 6. One of the lodge's members was John Fawcett
John Fawcett
John Fawcett was an English actor and playwright.He was the son of an actor of the same name . At the age of eighteen he ran away from school and appeared at Margate as Courtall in The Belles Stratagem; afterwards he joined Tate Wilkinson's company and turned from tragedy to low comedy parts...
who was Provincial Grand Master
Provincial Grand Master
Provincial Grand Master , sometimes called District Grand Master or Metropolitan Grand Master, is an office held by the senior Freemason in the middle management layer of masonic administration, between the national and the local levels...
of Durham at the time.
His association with the Province of Durham commenced during 1892 when he joined the Rose of Raby Lodge No. 1650 at Staindrop
Staindrop
Staindrop is a village in County Durham, in England. It is situated to the east of Barnard Castle. Lord Barnard of Raby Castle also resides on the border.The village has one of the long greens typical of County Durham...
. This was the village nearest to his Raby Castle home. Two years later he was installed as master. Subsequent mesonic accolades followed when in 1895 he was appointed Senior Grand Warden for the Province of Durham and in the same year appointed Junior Grand Warden of England. He joined Lambton Lodge in No.375 and was elevated to the chair of that lodge shortly thereafter. He became a member and Past Master of the distinguished Royal Alpha Lodge No.16 in which Prince Arthur of Connaught
Prince Arthur of Connaught
Prince Arthur of Connaught and Strathearn was a member of the British Royal Family, a grandson of Queen Victoria. Prince Arthur held the title of a British prince with the style His Royal Highness...
was initiated. On the death of Hedworth Williamson
Sir Hedworth Williamson, 8th Baronet
Sir Hedworth Williamson, 8th Baronet was a British diplomat and Liberal Party politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1864 to 1874....
during 1900, Lord Barnard was appointed to the vacant office of Provincial Grandmaster of Durham.
His legal training and business skills vastly improved the organisation of freemasonry
Freemasonry
Freemasonry is a fraternal organisation that arose from obscure origins in the late 16th to early 17th century. Freemasonry now exists in various forms all over the world, with a membership estimated at around six million, including approximately 150,000 under the jurisdictions of the Grand Lodge...
in north east England, with membership increasing from 3,330 to 9,000 during his tenure. Two lodges, Lord Barnard Lodge No. 2935 at South Shields
South Shields
South Shields is a coastal town in Tyne and Wear, England, located at the mouth of the River Tyne to Tyne Dock, and about downstream from Newcastle upon Tyne...
consecrated during 1902 and Vane Lodge No.3110 at Bishop Auckland
Bishop Auckland
Bishop Auckland is a market town and civil parish in County Durham in north east England. It is located about northwest of Darlington and southwest of Durham at the confluence of the River Wear with its tributary the River Gaunless...
consecrated in 1905 being named in his honour.
Honours and accolades
Lord Barnard held the honorary position of ColonelColonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
4th (Special Reserve) Battalion Durham Light Infantry
Durham Light Infantry
The Durham Light Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Army from 1881 to 1968. It was formed by the amalgamation of the 68th Regiment of Foot and the 106th Regiment of Foot along with the militia and rifle volunteers of County Durham...
, the Chairman of the Tees Fishery Board and was a governor
Governor
A governor is a governing official, usually the executive of a non-sovereign level of government, ranking under the head of state...
of Shrewsbury School
Shrewsbury School
Shrewsbury School is a co-educational independent school for pupils aged 13 to 18, founded by Royal Charter in 1552. The present campus to which the school moved in 1882 is located on the banks of the River Severn in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England...
. He was a member of Brooks and the Oxford and Cambridge gentleman's clubs. As with the fashion of the time, he kept two houses, his provincial home being Raby Castle, Darlington
Darlington
Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, part of the ceremonial county of County Durham, England. It lies on the small River Skerne, a tributary of the River Tees, not far from the main river. It is the main population centre in the borough, with a population of 97,838 as of 2001...
and a residence for the London season at 20 Belgrave Square
Belgrave Square
Belgrave Square is one of the grandest and largest 19th century squares in London, England. It is the centrepiece of Belgravia, and was laid out by the property contractor Thomas Cubitt for the 2nd Earl Grosvenor, later the 1st Marquess of Westminster, in the 1820s. Most of the houses were occupied...
, SW. He was also awarded the a Doctor of Civil Law
Doctor of Civil Law
Doctor of Civil Law is a degree offered by some universities, such as the University of Oxford, instead of the more common Doctor of Laws degrees....
from the University of Durham in 1916.
Death
In November 1917, following the death of his first son in France, Lady Barnard fell ill and died on 16 March 1918. Lord Barnard died shortly thereafter on 28 December 1918, his funeral was held New Year's EveNew Year's Eve
New Year's Eve is observed annually on December 31, the final day of any given year in the Gregorian calendar. In modern societies, New Year's Eve is often celebrated at social gatherings, during which participants dance, eat, consume alcoholic beverages, and watch or light fireworks to mark the...
. A masonic memorial service was held at Durham Cathedral
Durham Cathedral
The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary the Virgin and St Cuthbert of Durham is a cathedral in the city of Durham, England, the seat of the Anglican Bishop of Durham. The Bishopric dates from 995, with the present cathedral being founded in AD 1093...
, at which the Dean of Durham stated:
[he] succeeded by inheritance to a great position upon which it had not been possible for him with complete certainty to reckon. He accepted it in the simple spirit of duty and made best use of it while life and health were his, for the good of his fellow citizens.