ASVOFF
Encyclopedia
A Shaded View on Fashion Film (ASVOFF) is a blog about fashion
Fashion
Fashion, a general term for a currently popular style or practice, especially in clothing, foot wear, or accessories. Fashion references to anything that is the current trend in look and dress up of a person...

].

Created by journalist Diane Pernet and launched in September 2008 as a three day event at the national museum of Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

, Jeu de Paume, ASVOFF which took the form of a full festival showcasing feature films, documentaries, conferences, performances and installations. Pioneering, having brought together names such as Mike Figgis, Erwin Olaf, Nobuyoshi Araki, Steven Klein, Chris Cunningham, Chloe Sevigny, Ruth Hogben, Georgie Greville, Elisha Smith-Leverock, Waris Ahluwalla, Maison Yves Saint Laurent, Nick Knight, Johan Renck and welcomed by: Centre Pompidou, Jeu de Paume, Milano's Palazzo Morando with the support of Italian Vogue, Barbican Art Gallery, Guggenheim Bilbao.

Diane Pernet’s first degree was in documentary
Documentary
A documentary is a creative work of non-fiction, including:* Documentary film, including television* Radio documentary* Documentary photographyRelated terms include:...

 film making at Temple University
Temple University
Temple University is a comprehensive public research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Originally founded in 1884 by Dr. Russell Conwell, Temple University is among the nation's largest providers of professional education and prepares the largest body of professional...

 and she has been making small low-fi movies for years. She also worked as a costume designer
Costume Designer
A costume designer or costume mistress/master is a person whose responsibility is to design costumes for a film or stage production. He or she is considered an important part of the "production team", working alongside the director, scenic and lighting designers as well as the sound designer. The...

 for, amongst others, director Amos Gitai
Amos Gitai
Amos Gitai , born 11 October 1950 in Haifa, Israel, is an Israeli filmmaker and director. He is mainly known for making documentaries and experimental / minimalist feature films...

. So the founder of ASVOFF knows how important fashion is in a film .

Places

Besides its annual festival
Festival
A festival or gala is an event, usually and ordinarily staged by a local community, which centers on and celebrates some unique aspect of that community and the Festival....

 in Paris in September, ASVOFF has other projects around the world.

Other places on the ASVOFF list
  • Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
    Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
    The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is a museum of modern and contemporary art, designed by Canadian-American architect Frank Gehry, built by Ferrovial, and located in Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain. It is built alongside the Nervion River, which runs through the city of Bilbao to the Atlantic Coast. The...

    ,
  • Palazzo Morando, Milano, with Vogue Italia
    Vogue Italia
    Vogue Italia is the Italian edition of Vogue magazine. Owned by Condé Nast International, it is the least commercial of all editions of Vogue magazine and has been called the top fashion magazine in the world....

    ,
  • Scope Art Fair in New York
    New York
    New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...

    , with films by Michael Nyman
    Michael Nyman
    Michael Laurence Nyman, CBE is an English composer of minimalist music, pianist, librettist and musicologist, known for the many film scores he wrote during his lengthy collaboration with the filmmaker Peter Greenaway, and his multi-platinum soundtrack album to Jane Campion's The Piano...

  • Cinema Rise X in Tokyo
    Tokyo
    , ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...

    ,
  • Chelsea Arts Club
    Chelsea Arts Club
    The Chelsea Arts Club is a private members club located in London with a membership of over 2,400, including artists, poets, architects, writers, dancers, actors, musicians, photographers, and filmmakers...

     in London
    London
    London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...

    ,
  • Barbican Art Gallery in London,
  • Mexico City
    Mexico City
    Mexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...

    , with Trendsétera,
  • Hyères
    Hyères
    Hyères , Provençal Occitan: Ieras in classical norm or Iero in Mistralian norm) is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France....

     Fashion Festival,
  • AltaRoma in Rome
    Rome
    Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...

    ,
  • Kiev
    Kiev
    Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....

    , with Elle Ukraine
  • Seoul
    Seoul
    Seoul , officially the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea. A megacity with a population of over 10 million, it is the largest city proper in the OECD developed world...

    ,
  • Riga
    Riga
    Riga is the capital and largest city of Latvia. With 702,891 inhabitants Riga is the largest city of the Baltic states, one of the largest cities in Northern Europe and home to more than one third of Latvia's population. The city is an important seaport and a major industrial, commercial,...

    , with Moments,
  • Vienna
    Vienna
    Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...

     9 Festival,
  • Arnhem
    Arnhem
    Arnhem is a city and municipality, situated in the eastern part of the Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of Gelderland and located near the river Nederrijn as well as near the St. Jansbeek, which was the source of the city's development. Arnhem has 146,095 residents as one of the...

     Biennale,
  • Copenhagen
    Copenhagen
    Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...

    , with CPH DOX,
  • Amsterdam
    Amsterdam
    Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...

    ,
  • Moscow
    Moscow
    Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...

    , with Russian Fashion Week,
  • Cluj
    Cluj
    Cluj may refer to*Cluj-Napoca, county seat of Cluj County, named Cluj until 1974*Cluj County, Romania*Cluj-Napoca International Airport*U Cluj, a Romanian sports club*U Cluj, a Romanian football club*CFR Cluj, a Romanian football club...

  • Cine Opera at Corso Como, Milan, with films by Michael Nyman

History

Mark Eley of Eley Kishimoto
Eley Kishimoto
Eley Kishimoto, is a British fashion and design company with headquarters in London, UK. Founded in the early 1990s by Mark Eley and Wakako Kishimoto, the company is primarily known for its print design...

 commissioned her to make a road movie for the launch of his new menswear
Fashion
Fashion, a general term for a currently popular style or practice, especially in clothing, foot wear, or accessories. Fashion references to anything that is the current trend in look and dress up of a person...

 line. It was a short film that documented his participation in the GUMBALL 3000 which was a car race that went from London to Monte Carlo
Monte Carlo
Monte Carlo is an administrative area of the Principality of Monaco....

. The 18 minute film was called The Adventure of Pleasure.

She showed the film to her Los Angeles
Los Ángeles
Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...

 collaborator at the time and he asked her if she wanted to screen it in LA. A day later EGR (Enrique Gonzalez Rangel), her Mexico City contributor, sent her a fashion film that he made and the first fashion film festival was born: “Your Wear It Well”. It was launched in August 2006 and had its second edition in 2007.

Besides the work of Diane Pernet and EGR, You Wear It Well featured video creations from Maison Martin Margiela, Nick Knight
Nick Knight
Nicholas Verity Knight is a former England cricketer. Knight's middle name was in honour of the 1930s English Test bowler Hedley Verity who was killed in World War II and is a distant family relation...

/Alexander McQueen
Alexander McQueen
Lee Alexander McQueen, CBE was a British fashion designer and couturier best known for his in-depth knowledge of bespoke British tailoring, his tendency to juxtapose strength with fragility in his collections, as well as the emotional power and raw energy of his provocative fashion shows...

, Jeremy Scott
Jeremy Scott
Jeremy Scott is an American fashion designer born in Kansas City, Missouri. He attended the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, New York, for fashion design...

, Bernhard Willhelm, Marcelo Krasilcic, Jean-Charles de Castelbajac
Jean-Charles de Castelbajac
1949: Born on November 28th in Casablanca, son of Louis and Jeanne-Blanche de Castelbajac1968: First collection for Ko and Co, company created at Limoges by his mother Jeanne-Blanche de Castelbajac1969: First show...

, NOKI and Ruben Toledo.

In November 2007 Diane Pernet also co-curated the NOOVO fashion and photography festival in Santiago de Compostela.

A Shaded View on Fashion Film

Three years ago Diane Pernet decided, with the encouragement of David Herman, to take the festival from a one day program to a three day program and to make it an extension of the ASVOF blog, hence the name ASVOFF (A Shaded View on Fashion Film). In September 2008, ASVOFF was launched in Paris at Jeu de Paume.

ASVOFF 2008

The Public Prize winner of the first edition of A Shaded View On Fashion Film at Jeu de Paume
Jeu de paume
Jeu de paume is a ball-and-court game that originated in France. It was an indoor precursor of tennis played without racquets, though these were eventually introduced. It is a former Olympic sport, and has the oldest ongoing annual world championship in sport, first established over 250 years ago...

 was “The Pattern Film” by Anemone Skjoldager

ASVOFF 2008 Jury List

  • Danièle Hibon : Director of the Cinema Department of Le Jeu de Paume. Previously supervised Le Bureau d’Accompagnement de l’Avance sur Recettes at the Centre National de la Cinématographie. Since 1995 she has been organizing cinematic workshops for art-school students
  • Magali Aubert: She founded Standard magazine in 2003. Her role as Editor-in-Chief of the magazine
    Magazine
    Magazines, periodicals, glossies or serials are publications, generally published on a regular schedule, containing a variety of articles. They are generally financed by advertising, by a purchase price, by pre-paid magazine subscriptions, or all three...

     makes every artistic field her forte.
  • Hélène Segol: Music video producer at Wanda, one of the top ad & music video production companies in the world.
  • Laurent Goumarre: Producer of the Radio-show Minuit Dix.
  • Eric Tong Cuong: Co-founder of advertising
    Advertising
    Advertising is a form of communication used to persuade an audience to take some action with respect to products, ideas, or services. Most commonly, the desired result is to drive consumer behavior with respect to a commercial offering, although political and ideological advertising is also common...

     mega-agency BETC, co-founder of enduring music label Naïve, Eric is now running his latest adventure - the pluridisciplinary advertising agency La Chose.
  • Olivier Wicker: Editor-in-Chief of Libération Next, a monthly magazine dedicated to fashion, art
    Art
    Art is the product or process of deliberately arranging items in a way that influences and affects one or more of the senses, emotions, and intellect....

    , design
    Design
    Design as a noun informally refers to a plan or convention for the construction of an object or a system while “to design” refers to making this plan...

     and travel
    Travel
    Travel is the movement of people or objects between relatively distant geographical locations. 'Travel' can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.-Etymology:...

    . He is creator of the documentary Les Nouvelles Tribus françaises, broadcast on Canal+
    Canal+
    Canal+ is a French premium pay television channel launched in 1984. It is 80% owned by the Canal+ Group, which in turn is owned by Vivendi SA. The channel broadcasts several kinds of programming, mostly encrypted...

     in June 2008. He has also been Editor-in-Chief of the TV show Tentations on Canal+.

ASVOFF 2009 Jury List

  • Rick Owens
    Rick Owens
    Rick Owens is an American fashion designer hailing from California, celebrated for his avant garde and subversive eye.He is married to Michele Lamy.Since 2003, Rick Owens has lived in Paris.-Biography:...

  • Eric Tong Cuong
  • Laurent Gaumarre
  • Nan Goldin
  • Maria de Mederios
  • Helene Segol

ASVOFF 2009 Prize Categories

On October 8th, the Jury headed by Rick Owens handed out awards for the ASVOFF 2009 Fashion Film competition:
  • Public Prize : “Herr Rodebjer Part I” by Mattias Montero for Rodebjer
  • DailyMotion Winner: “HLH: Autumn Winter 2509 BC” by Claire Kurylowski & Jason Bradbury for Harald Lunde Helgesen
  • Jury Prize, Reflection Section : “Fiction Noir” by Steven Klein
    Steven Klein
    Steven Klein is an American photographer based in New York.-History:After studying painting at the Rhode Island School of Design, he moved into the field of photography...

    , starring Lara Stone
    Lara Stone
    Lara Catherina Stone is a Dutch model.On February 19, 2010, she was tabulated as the world's number-one fashion model on the international modelling site models.com's Top 50 Models Women ranking, a position she maintains as of November 2011...

  • Jury Prize, Communication Section : “Gareth Pugh
    Gareth Pugh
    Gareth Pugh is an English fashion designer. He currently lives and works in Paris.-Career:At 14, Pugh began working as a costume designer for the English National Youth Theatre. He started his fashion education at City of Sunderland College and finished his degree in Fashion Design at Central...

     AW09” by Ruth Hogben for Gareth Pugh
  • Jury Prize, Communication Section : “Matthew Williamson
    Matthew Williamson
    Matthew Williamson is an English fashion designer. His collections often have an Indian influence, perhaps related to the time Williamson spent working in India for the clothing store Monsoon...

    ” by Johan Renck for H&M
    H&M
    H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB is a Swedish retail-clothing company, known for its fast-fashion clothing offerings for women, men, teenagers and children....

  • Grand Prix Samsung
    Samsung
    The Samsung Group is a South Korean multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Samsung Town, Seoul, South Korea...

    : “I Wanna Be Your Dog” by Georgie Greville

ASVOFF 2010

ASVOFF 2010 took place over a three day period from 24-26 September at the Centre Georges Pompidou
Centre Georges Pompidou
Centre Georges Pompidou is a complex in the Beaubourg area of the 4th arrondissement of Paris, near Les Halles, rue Montorgueil and the Marais...

 in Paris, with running installations of the festival’s competition films held at the BETC’s Passage du Desir from 25-28 September.

For this edition Diane Pernet worked together with the young fashion blog
Blog
A blog is a type of website or part of a website supposed to be updated with new content from time to time. Blogs are usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video. Entries are commonly displayed in...

ger Tavi Gevinson
Tavi Gevinson
Tavi Gevinson is an American fashion blogger. She began her blog, "Style Rookie" on March 31, 2008 at age 11. Initially, her parents did not completely know what Tavi was doing until she asked for their permission to appear in a New York Times magazine story...

.

ASVOFF 2010 Jury List

  • Olivier Saillard, Fashion Historian
    Historian
    A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. If the individual is...

     and Director of the Musee Galliera
    Musée Galliera
    The Musée Galliera, also known as the Musée de la Mode de la Ville de Paris, is a fashion museum located in the 16th arrondissement at 10, avenue Pierre 1er de Serbie, Paris, France. It is open daily except Tuesdays; an admission fee is charged....

    , ASVOFF President
  • Mike Figgis
    Mike Figgis
    Michael "Mike" Figgis is an English film director, writer, and composer.-Personal life:Figgis was born in Carlisle, England and grew up in Africa. Figgis for several years had a relationship with the actress Saffron Burrows and cast her in several films...

    , Academy Award nominated writer
    Writer
    A writer is a person who produces literature, such as novels, short stories, plays, screenplays, poetry, or other literary art. Skilled writers are able to use language to portray ideas and images....

    /director; films include Leaving Las Vegas
    Leaving Las Vegas
    Leaving Las Vegas is a 1995 romantic drama film directed and written by Mike Figgis, based on a semi-autobiographical novel of the same name by John O'Brien. Nicolas Cage stars as a suicidal alcoholic who has ended his personal and professional life to drink himself to death in Las Vegas...

     and Timecode
  • Elisabeth Quin, film critic and a French government representative for fashion
  • Michael Nyman, film composer for The Piano and 12 Peter Greenaway films
  • Bryan Adams, photographer and musician
    Musician
    A musician is an artist who plays a musical instrument. It may or may not be the person's profession. Musicians can be classified by their roles in performing music and writing music.Also....* A person who makes music a profession....

  • Dita Von Teese
    Dita Von Teese
    Dita Von Teese is an American burlesque dancer, model, costume designer, author and actress.-Early life:...

    , performer and style icon
  • Fabrice Brovelli, TV production director, BETC EuroRSCG.
  • Paolo Roversi
    Paolo Roversi
    Paolo Roversi is an Italian-born fashion photographer who currently lives and works in Paris.Born in Ravenna in 1947, Paolo Roversi’s interest in photography was kindled as a teenager during a family vacation in Spain in 1964...

    , photographer
  • Emmanuelle Castro, film acquisitions and co-production director, Wild Bunch
  • Daphne Burki, reporter for Canal + television
  • Nadja Romain, independent producer
  • Sara Maino, senior fashion editor, Vogue Italia
  • Zowie Broach, designer of Boudicca
  • Abdel Bounane, chief editor, Amusement magazine
  • Olivier Seguret, journalist Liberation

ASVOFF 2010 Prize Categories

  • Best Film: “Lust Lust” by Martins Grauds
  • Best Artistic Director: Alex Prager for “Despair (Nowness)”
  • Special Jury Prize: “Lights” by Yoann Lemoine with Shaun Ross
  • Best New Talent – Samsung: “Blacklight” by Suzie Q + Leo Siboni
  • Beauty Prize – Shu Uemura
    Shu Uemura
    was a Japanese make-up artist and founder of the Shu Uemura international cosmetics line which bears his name.-Career:A native of Tokyo, Shu Uemura reportedly first became interested in hairstyling and make up as a teenager while recovering from a severe illness which left him bedridden...

    : “How You Look At It” by Poopy de Villeneuve (NOWNESS)
  • Best Sound: “CHAPTER 14 The Dream of the Disembodied Birds” by Andrea Splisgar
  • Best Acting: Lauren McAvoy in “Chore Damaris” by Justin Anderson
  • Le Book Prize: AnOther Magazine – “Nocturna” by Daniel Askill

ASVOFF Milano 2010

This edition kicked off in January 2010 at the Palazzo Morando in Milan with a collaboration with Vogue Italia and a specially commissioned new project – ‘1 Minute Light’ that was won by Miho Kinamura and Zaiba Jabbar.

Diane Pernet got the idea for the collaboration when she was in Rome and spoke with Frederico Poletti, Communications Consultant about a screening in Milan. He proposed the idea to Vogue Italia editor Franca Sozzani
Franca Sozzani
Franca Sozzani is an Italian journalist and the editor-in-chief of Vogue Italia since 1988.Franca has been at the forefront of Fashion since the beginning of her career. Sozzani started her career at Vogue Bambini and directed legendary publications LEI since 1980 and PER LUI since 1982 before...

 who thought it was a good project. They found it interesting to make a complementary online event with the launch of Vogue.it.

A selection of the films in the LIGHT series includes: “Blacklight” by Suzie Q & Leo Siboni, “Lights” by Yoann Lemoine, “Short Circuit in the After Hour” directed by Andrea Splisgar, “Sunshowers” directed by Elisa Smith-Leverock in collaboration with jewellery
Jewellery
Jewellery or jewelry is a form of personal adornment, such as brooches, rings, necklaces, earrings, and bracelets.With some exceptions, such as medical alert bracelets or military dog tags, jewellery normally differs from other items of personal adornment in that it has no other purpose than to...

 designer Fred Butler and “Untitled” by Sofia Sanchez & Mauro Mongiello.

A second ASVOFF project in Milan was Cinema Opera in April 2010. It was a series of films by Michael Nymanat 10 Corso Como.

New York Art Fair 2010

In March 2010 ASVOFF was invited to New York City for the New York Art Fair. The event was organized at SCOPE. The organization of ASVOFF had two projects at the 2010 New York Art Fair. The first one was curating a fashion/art exhibition and the other one was an ASVOFF film program.

ASVOFF 2011

The Centre Georges Pompidou
Centre Georges Pompidou
Centre Georges Pompidou is a complex in the Beaubourg area of the 4th arrondissement of Paris, near Les Halles, rue Montorgueil and the Marais...

 in Paris was also the location for ASVOFF in 2011. ASVOFF 2011 was organized on October 7, 8 and 9th.

ASVOFF 2011 Jury List

  • Elisabeth Quin, Film Critic & Journalist (Paris Première, France Inter, et al) / ASVOFF 4 Jury President
  • Rossy de Palma, Actress / ASVOFF Ambassador
  • Elisha Karmitz – Multimedia Director of MK2
  • Olivier Saillard, Director of Musée Galliera
  • Manish Arora, Fashion Designer / Creative Director of Paco Rabanne
  • Daphne Guinness, Film Producer
  • Jerry Stafford, Creative Director, Première Heure
  • Pascale Faure, Head of the Short-film Department, Canal+
  • Sam Shahid, Creative Director (including for books on Bruce Weber, Herb Ritts, Ellen Von Unwerth, et al)
  • Raphaëlle Stopin, Creative Director, Responsible for the Photography Section, Festival d’Hyeres
  • Colette Barbier, Director of the Fondation d’entreprise Ricard
  • Rebecca Blake, Photographer / Director
  • Thérèse Deprez, Production Designer (for films including Black Swan)
  • Alice Pfeiffer, Journalist (International Herald Tribune, Le Figaro, New York Times, et al)
  • Philippe Azoury, Journalist at Libération
  • Philippe Brutus, Executive Vice President of Photography, Art + Commerce
  • Joseph Ghosn, Editor-in-Chief, Condé Nast Digital for Vogue.fr, GQmagazine.fr and Glamourparis.com
  • Christian Ravera + Guy Guglieri, Founders of Mixte Magazine
  • Chris Miller, Co-President, Flower Films
  • Leonardo Girombelli, Branding & Communication Manager, thecorner.com

ASVOFF 2011 Prize Categories

  • ASVOFF Grand Prix - MK2: “I Want Muscle” by Elisha Smith-Leverock
  • Best Artistic Direction Prize: Lernert & Sander for “The Fantastic Man Series”
  • Best Soundtrack Prize: “Praise Break” (Director's cut, 2011) by Eric Weidt for Pop Magazine
  • Best Actor Prize: Danny Trejo in “Onions Don't Make Me Cry” by Bryan Adams
  • Best Styling Prize: “Twin Parallel” by Justin Anderson
  • Beauty Prize - Shu Uemura: “Waters” by Kira Lillie
  • Young Talent Prize - Portal+Zekka: “Is This Real Life” (Nuptialis Project) by Suzie Q + Leo Siboni
  • Special Animation Prize: “Exercise in Sartorial Deprivation” by Davide Bedoni
  • TheCorner.com's Award: “Scalpel/Stradivarius” by Jason Last and Jaime Rubiano

Future

Diane Pernet would like ASVOFF to be an extension of other film festivals around the world. That would be a way to promote new filmmakers just like she has done for new designers with her blog
Blog
A blog is a type of website or part of a website supposed to be updated with new content from time to time. Blogs are usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video. Entries are commonly displayed in...

.

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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