Walter Hill (garden curator)
Encyclopedia
Walter Hill was the first curator of the Brisbane City Botanic Gardens
, located at Gardens Point, Brisbane
, Queensland
, Australia
.
, Scotland
, on 31 December 1819, the son of David Hill and Elizabeth Beattie. Scotsdyke is virtually on the border of England
and Scotland
and is presumably a reference to the moat about 1 kilometre south of the village of Canobie (now spelled Canonbie).
Walter married Jane Smith, the daughter of John Smith and Jane Brunton, on 16 September 1849 at Holy Trinity Brompton Church
, Middlesex
, England. They had a daughter Ann (born 25 April 1850 in England, died 1 November 1871 in Brisbane).
The family immigrated to Sydney
, Australia
in 1852 on the "Maitland", where Walter initially tried his luck on the goldfields
. In 1855, Walter undertook an expedition (as a botanist) to North Queensland in which most of the party were murdered by Aborigines
. After this, Water accepted the position of curator of the Brisbane City Botanic Gardens
.
The death of their only daughter, Ann, in 1871 was tragic for Walter and Jane. She was buried in Toowong Cemetery
, despite it not being opened for burials. However, Governor Samuel Blackall
had already been buried there prior to its opening and Ann's burial was the 2nd of six burials that preceded the official openings. Walter planted a hoop pine near Ann's grave and did a number of other plantings in the cemetery, despite having no apparent official role in connection with it. It appears he was simply motivated to make her burial ground a beautiful place.
Until Walter's retirement in 1881, the family lived in the Curator's Cottage at the Brisbane City Botanical Gardens. This cottage was washed away in the 1890s in a flood and was replaced by the Curator's Cottage which exists today as the City Gardens Cafe, a venue well-patronised by tourists and staff of the adjacent Queensland University of Technology
's Gardens Point campus.
After retiring, Walter established a new home "Canobie Lea" at Eight Mile Plains, Queensland
, which was (perhaps unsurprisingly) well-known for its landscaping. Canobie is a village in Dumfriesshire
close to Walter's birthplace of Scotsdyke.
He died at his home "Canobie Lea" on 4 February 1904. He is buried in Toowong Cemetery
together with his wife Jane (died 1888) in the same grave as their daughter Ann (died 1871).
As his wife and only child pre-deceased him, Walter's niece, Mrs Mary Hamilton (daughter of Walter's brother David Hall) appears to have inherited "Canobie Lea". Mary and her husband restored the house, replacing the shingle roof with a tin roof. Mary died in 1921 and in 1931, the property was sold.
. Later he worked at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
and then in 1843 moved to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
.
located at Gardens Point from 1855 to 1881. After his appointment, he made rapid progress in establishing the gardens, which he organised into 34 separate areas, each with a specific purpose. In the spring of 1856, the newspaper Moreton Bay Courier urged the local citizens to come and enjoy the gardens and walkways, giving praise to Walter Hill for achieving so much so quickly.
In late 1859, Walter worked very diligently to prepare the gardens for the arrival of Sir George Ferguson Bowen
, Queenland's first governor, as the gardens had been chosen as the landing stage for the ship which conveyed the governor and his family and also as focus for many of the associated ceremonies and festivities.
In 1861, he worked with the Governor's wife, Lady Diamantina Bowen
, to organise Christmas festivities in the gardens, personally decorating the Christmas trees.
Although his interests primarily lay in economic plants, he also took an interest in more decorative plants. In 1857, he exhibited a native water lily at the Australian Horticultural and Agricultural Show held in Sydney
.
He introduced the flowering trees, the jacaranda
and poinciana, which are still popular garden plants in Queensland. Indeed, it is claimed that all jacaranda
trees in Australia are descended from the original jacaranda tree that grew from a seed imported by Walter Hill in 1864. The tree is believed to the subject of the 1903 painting "Under the Jacaranda" by Richard Godfrey Rivers
which hangs in the Queensland Art Gallery
; sadly the tree died in 1980 when it was blown over in a storm.
), Walter was appointed the first Colonial Botanist of Queensland
in 1859, a role he held until his retirement in 1881.
In this role, he conducted a number of expeditions to northern Queensland to collect native plants, including trips to Cape York Peninsula
in 1862 and the north-east coast to Mossman
and the Daintree River
in 1873, climbing Mount Bellenden Ker
.
He sent many of the specimens he gathered to herbariums around the world (including the Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne
and Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
in London
). Although Walter Hill wanted to establish a herbarium in Queensland, he was unable to do so due to lack of a suitable building and the other demands on his time. However, on his retirement in 1881, Walter gave his books to the Queensland Museum
, which later became the nucleus of the present Queensland Herbarium
library.
Walter Hill also had a significant role in acclimatisation of exotic plant species into Queensland
. He was also responsible for the introduction of mango
, pawpaw
, ginger
, tamarind
, arrowroot
, cotton
and mahogany
. In particular, he introduced sugarcane
and established through experiments that the juice of the Queensland-grown sugarcane
could be successfully granulated
, opening up a major new farming crop for Queensland.
Conversely, he also cultivated an Australian native nut, the Queensland nut, which went on to become known as the macadamia
.
In 1862, Walter was appointed as one of Queensland's Commissioners to arrange for produce and other articles to be exhibited in the Exhibition of Industry as part of the 1862 International Exhibition
held in London
.
following a disagreement regarding his upkeep of the gardens, Walter was forced to retire in 1881. However, he continued to experiment with fruit trees in his retirement.
and was built as a drinking fountain in 1867 when mains water
was introduced to Brisbane
. In 1972, the fountain was renamed to commemorate the achievements of Walter Hill.
Brisbane City Botanic Gardens
The City Botanic Gardens is located on a point known as Gardens Point on the Brisbane River adjacent to the central business district of the city of Brisbane...
, located at Gardens Point, Brisbane
Brisbane
Brisbane is the capital and most populous city in the Australian state of Queensland and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbane's metropolitan area has a population of over 2 million, and the South East Queensland urban conurbation, centred around Brisbane, encompasses a population of...
, Queensland
Queensland
Queensland is a state of Australia, occupying the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean...
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
.
Personal life
Walter Hill was born at Scotsdyke, DumfriesshireDumfriesshire
Dumfriesshire or the County of Dumfries is a registration county of Scotland. The lieutenancy area of Dumfries has similar boundaries.Until 1975 it was a county. Its county town was Dumfries...
, Scotland
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
, on 31 December 1819, the son of David Hill and Elizabeth Beattie. Scotsdyke is virtually on the border of England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
and Scotland
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
and is presumably a reference to the moat about 1 kilometre south of the village of Canobie (now spelled Canonbie).
Walter married Jane Smith, the daughter of John Smith and Jane Brunton, on 16 September 1849 at Holy Trinity Brompton Church
Holy Trinity Brompton Church
Holy Trinity Brompton with St Paul's, Onslow Square is an Anglican church in Brompton, London, United Kingdom. The church consists of three church buildings, HTB Brompton Road, HTB Onslow Square and HTB Queen's Gate, as well as being the home for Worship Central, St Paul's Theological Centre and...
, Middlesex
Middlesex
Middlesex is one of the historic counties of England and the second smallest by area. The low-lying county contained the wealthy and politically independent City of London on its southern boundary and was dominated by it from a very early time...
, England. They had a daughter Ann (born 25 April 1850 in England, died 1 November 1871 in Brisbane).
The family immigrated to Sydney
Sydney
Sydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
in 1852 on the "Maitland", where Walter initially tried his luck on the goldfields
Gold mining
Gold mining is the removal of gold from the ground. There are several techniques and processes by which gold may be extracted from the earth.-History:...
. In 1855, Walter undertook an expedition (as a botanist) to North Queensland in which most of the party were murdered by Aborigines
Indigenous Australians
Indigenous Australians are the original inhabitants of the Australian continent and nearby islands. The Aboriginal Indigenous Australians migrated from the Indian continent around 75,000 to 100,000 years ago....
. After this, Water accepted the position of curator of the Brisbane City Botanic Gardens
Brisbane City Botanic Gardens
The City Botanic Gardens is located on a point known as Gardens Point on the Brisbane River adjacent to the central business district of the city of Brisbane...
.
The death of their only daughter, Ann, in 1871 was tragic for Walter and Jane. She was buried in Toowong Cemetery
Toowong Cemetery
The Brisbane General Cemetery also known as Toowong Cemetery at Toowong, Brisbane was established in 1866 and formally opened in 1875. It is Queensland's largest cemetery and is located on forty-four hectares of land at the corner of Frederick Street and Mount Coot-tha Road approximately four and a...
, despite it not being opened for burials. However, Governor Samuel Blackall
Samuel Blackall
Colonel Samuel Wensley Blackall was an Irish soldier and politician, who was the second Governor of Queensland from 1868 until he died in office in 1871....
had already been buried there prior to its opening and Ann's burial was the 2nd of six burials that preceded the official openings. Walter planted a hoop pine near Ann's grave and did a number of other plantings in the cemetery, despite having no apparent official role in connection with it. It appears he was simply motivated to make her burial ground a beautiful place.
Until Walter's retirement in 1881, the family lived in the Curator's Cottage at the Brisbane City Botanical Gardens. This cottage was washed away in the 1890s in a flood and was replaced by the Curator's Cottage which exists today as the City Gardens Cafe, a venue well-patronised by tourists and staff of the adjacent Queensland University of Technology
Queensland University of Technology
Queensland University of Technology is an Australian university with an applied emphasis in courses and research. Based in Brisbane, it has 40,000 students, including 6,000 international students, over 4,000 staff members, and an annual budget of more than A$750 million.QUT is marketed as "A...
's Gardens Point campus.
After retiring, Walter established a new home "Canobie Lea" at Eight Mile Plains, Queensland
Eight Mile Plains, Queensland
Eight Mile Plains is a southern suburb of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is located some 13 kilometres from the Brisbane central business district....
, which was (perhaps unsurprisingly) well-known for its landscaping. Canobie is a village in Dumfriesshire
Dumfriesshire
Dumfriesshire or the County of Dumfries is a registration county of Scotland. The lieutenancy area of Dumfries has similar boundaries.Until 1975 it was a county. Its county town was Dumfries...
close to Walter's birthplace of Scotsdyke.
He died at his home "Canobie Lea" on 4 February 1904. He is buried in Toowong Cemetery
Toowong Cemetery
The Brisbane General Cemetery also known as Toowong Cemetery at Toowong, Brisbane was established in 1866 and formally opened in 1875. It is Queensland's largest cemetery and is located on forty-four hectares of land at the corner of Frederick Street and Mount Coot-tha Road approximately four and a...
together with his wife Jane (died 1888) in the same grave as their daughter Ann (died 1871).
As his wife and only child pre-deceased him, Walter's niece, Mrs Mary Hamilton (daughter of Walter's brother David Hall) appears to have inherited "Canobie Lea". Mary and her husband restored the house, replacing the shingle roof with a tin roof. Mary died in 1921 and in 1931, the property was sold.
Early career
Walter started out as an apprentice to his brother, David, then head gardener at Balloch Castle, Dumbartonshire, ScotlandScotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
. Later he worked at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh is a scientific centre for the study of plants, their diversity and conservation, as well as a popular tourist attraction. Originally founded in 1670 as a physic garden to grow medicinal plants, today it occupies four sites across Scotland — Edinburgh,...
and then in 1843 moved to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, usually referred to as Kew Gardens, is 121 hectares of gardens and botanical glasshouses between Richmond and Kew in southwest London, England. "The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" and the brand name "Kew" are also used as umbrella terms for the institution that runs...
.
Brisbane Botanic Gardens
Walter Hill was the first Superintendent of the Brisbane Botanic GardensBrisbane City Botanic Gardens
The City Botanic Gardens is located on a point known as Gardens Point on the Brisbane River adjacent to the central business district of the city of Brisbane...
located at Gardens Point from 1855 to 1881. After his appointment, he made rapid progress in establishing the gardens, which he organised into 34 separate areas, each with a specific purpose. In the spring of 1856, the newspaper Moreton Bay Courier urged the local citizens to come and enjoy the gardens and walkways, giving praise to Walter Hill for achieving so much so quickly.
In late 1859, Walter worked very diligently to prepare the gardens for the arrival of Sir George Ferguson Bowen
George Ferguson Bowen
Sir George Ferguson Bowen GCMG was a British colonial administrator whose appointments included postings to the Ionian Islands, Queensland , New Zealand, Victoria , Mauritius and Hong Kong....
, Queenland's first governor, as the gardens had been chosen as the landing stage for the ship which conveyed the governor and his family and also as focus for many of the associated ceremonies and festivities.
In 1861, he worked with the Governor's wife, Lady Diamantina Bowen
Diamantina Bowen
Lady Diamantina Bowen was a Greek noble who became the wife of Sir George Ferguson Bowen, the first governor of Queensland.-Personal life:...
, to organise Christmas festivities in the gardens, personally decorating the Christmas trees.
Although his interests primarily lay in economic plants, he also took an interest in more decorative plants. In 1857, he exhibited a native water lily at the Australian Horticultural and Agricultural Show held in Sydney
Sydney
Sydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...
.
He introduced the flowering trees, the jacaranda
Jacaranda
Jacaranda is a genus of 49 species of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions of South America , Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean. It is also found in Asia, especially in Nepal...
and poinciana, which are still popular garden plants in Queensland. Indeed, it is claimed that all jacaranda
Jacaranda
Jacaranda is a genus of 49 species of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions of South America , Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean. It is also found in Asia, especially in Nepal...
trees in Australia are descended from the original jacaranda tree that grew from a seed imported by Walter Hill in 1864. The tree is believed to the subject of the 1903 painting "Under the Jacaranda" by Richard Godfrey Rivers
Richard Godfrey Rivers
Richard Godfrey Rivers was an English artist, active in Australia and president of the Queensland Art Society from 1892-1901 and 1904-08....
which hangs in the Queensland Art Gallery
Queensland Art Gallery
The Queensland Art Gallery is part of the Queensland Cultural Centre, and is located nearest to Brisbane River at South Bank...
; sadly the tree died in 1980 when it was blown over in a storm.
Colonial botanist
When Queensland became its own colony (having formerly been part of New South WalesNew South Wales
New South Wales is a state of :Australia, located in the east of the country. It is bordered by Queensland, Victoria and South Australia to the north, south and west respectively. To the east, the state is bordered by the Tasman Sea, which forms part of the Pacific Ocean. New South Wales...
), Walter was appointed the first Colonial Botanist of Queensland
Queensland
Queensland is a state of Australia, occupying the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean...
in 1859, a role he held until his retirement in 1881.
In this role, he conducted a number of expeditions to northern Queensland to collect native plants, including trips to Cape York Peninsula
Cape York Peninsula
Cape York Peninsula is a large remote peninsula located in Far North Queensland at the tip of the state of Queensland, Australia, the largest unspoilt wilderness in northern Australia and one of the last remaining wilderness areas on Earth...
in 1862 and the north-east coast to Mossman
Mossman, Queensland
For the collection of Horsedrawn Carriages see Mossman CollectionMossman is a town in Far North Queensland, Australia, on the Mossman River...
and the Daintree River
Daintree River
The Daintree River runs through the Daintree Rainforest in the Cape Tribulation region of Queensland in northern Australia. It is located about 100 kilometres northwest of Cairns in far north tropical Queensland and drains an area of 2,125 square kilometres. The river, along with the Daintree...
in 1873, climbing Mount Bellenden Ker
Mount Bellenden Ker
Mount Bellenden Ker is the second highest mountain in Queensland, Australia. It is named after the botanist John Bellenden Ker Gawler. Located 60 km south of Cairns near Babinda, it is adjacent to Mount Bartle Frere, the state's highest peak, part of the Bellenden Ker Range which is also...
.
He sent many of the specimens he gathered to herbariums around the world (including the Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne
Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne
The Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne are internationally renowned botanical gardens located near the centre of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, on the south bank of the Yarra River. They are 38 hectares of landscaped gardens consisting of a mix of native and non-native vegetation including over...
and Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, usually referred to as Kew Gardens, is 121 hectares of gardens and botanical glasshouses between Richmond and Kew in southwest London, England. "The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" and the brand name "Kew" are also used as umbrella terms for the institution that runs...
in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
). Although Walter Hill wanted to establish a herbarium in Queensland, he was unable to do so due to lack of a suitable building and the other demands on his time. However, on his retirement in 1881, Walter gave his books to the Queensland Museum
Queensland Museum
The Queensland Museum is the state museum of Queensland. The museum currently operates four separate campuses; at South Brisbane, Ipswich, Toowoomba and Townsville.The museum is funded by the State Government of Queensland.-History:...
, which later became the nucleus of the present Queensland Herbarium
Queensland Herbarium
The Queensland Herbarium is situated at the Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Mount Coot-tha, in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is part of Queensland’s Environmental Protection Agency...
library.
Walter Hill also had a significant role in acclimatisation of exotic plant species into Queensland
Queensland
Queensland is a state of Australia, occupying the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean...
. He was also responsible for the introduction of mango
Mango
The mango is a fleshy stone fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The mango is native to India from where it spread all over the world. It is also the most cultivated fruit of the tropical world. While...
, pawpaw
Papaya
The papaya , papaw, or pawpaw is the fruit of the plant Carica papaya, the sole species in the genus Carica of the plant family Caricaceae...
, ginger
Ginger
Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale, consumed as a delicacy, medicine, or spice. It lends its name to its genus and family . Other notable members of this plant family are turmeric, cardamom, and galangal....
, tamarind
Tamarind
Tamarind is a tree in the family Fabaceae. The genus Tamarindus is monotypic .-Origin:...
, arrowroot
Arrowroot
Arrowroot, or obedience plant , Bermuda arrowroot, araru, ararao, is a large perennial herb found in rainforest habitats...
, cotton
Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. The botanical purpose of cotton fiber is to aid in seed dispersal....
and mahogany
Mahogany
The name mahogany is used when referring to numerous varieties of dark-colored hardwood. It is a native American word originally used for the wood of the species Swietenia mahagoni, known as West Indian or Cuban mahogany....
. In particular, he introduced sugarcane
Sugarcane
Sugarcane refers to any of six to 37 species of tall perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum . Native to the warm temperate to tropical regions of South Asia, they have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sugar, and measure two to six metres tall...
and established through experiments that the juice of the Queensland-grown sugarcane
Sugarcane
Sugarcane refers to any of six to 37 species of tall perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum . Native to the warm temperate to tropical regions of South Asia, they have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sugar, and measure two to six metres tall...
could be successfully granulated
Granulation (making of granules)
Granulation is the act or process of forming or crystallizing into grains. Granules typically have a size range between 0.2 to 4.0 mm depending on their subsequent use....
, opening up a major new farming crop for Queensland.
Conversely, he also cultivated an Australian native nut, the Queensland nut, which went on to become known as the macadamia
Macadamia
Macadamia is a genus of nine species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, with a disjunct distribution native to eastern Australia , New Caledonia and Sulawesi in Indonesia ....
.
In 1862, Walter was appointed as one of Queensland's Commissioners to arrange for produce and other articles to be exhibited in the Exhibition of Industry as part of the 1862 International Exhibition
1862 International Exhibition
The International of 1862, or Great London Exposition, was a world's fair. It was held from 1 May to 1 November 1862, beside the gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society, South Kensington, London, England, on a site that now houses museums including the Natural History Museum and the Science...
held in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
.
Retirement
Walter frequently clashed with his superiors and,following a disagreement regarding his upkeep of the gardens, Walter was forced to retire in 1881. However, he continued to experiment with fruit trees in his retirement.
Memorials
Walter Hill is memorialised in a number of ways, including the Walter Hill Fountain. The Walter Hill Fountain is located in the Brisbane City Botanic GardensBrisbane City Botanic Gardens
The City Botanic Gardens is located on a point known as Gardens Point on the Brisbane River adjacent to the central business district of the city of Brisbane...
and was built as a drinking fountain in 1867 when mains water
Water supply network
A water supply system or water supply network is a system of engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components which provide water supply. A water supply system typically includes:# A drainage basin ;...
was introduced to Brisbane
Brisbane
Brisbane is the capital and most populous city in the Australian state of Queensland and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbane's metropolitan area has a population of over 2 million, and the South East Queensland urban conurbation, centred around Brisbane, encompasses a population of...
. In 1972, the fountain was renamed to commemorate the achievements of Walter Hill.
External links
- Biography of Walter Hill, Australian National Botanic Gardens
- Biography of Water Hill, Australian Dictionary of Biography
- Photo of Walter Hill's house in the Brisbane City Botanic Gardens, taken about 1868
- Photo of Walter Hill, taken about 1880
- Photo of Canobie Lea, home of Walter Hill, taken about 1910
- Walter Hill fountain