Schutz, Germany
Encyclopedia
Schutz is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality
belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde
, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district
in Rhineland-Palatinate
, Germany
. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun
, whose seat is in the like-named town
.
, a part of the Eifel
known for its volcanic history, geographical and geological features, and even ongoing activity today, including gases that sometimes well up from the earth.
Schutz lies on the Burberg, whose elevation is 528.5 m above sea level
.
(5 km), Weidenbach
(3.5 km), Bleckhausen
(1.3 km) and Deudesfeld
(3.5 km).
at Manderscheid
, a house in the dale and the estate and the mill “zu Schutze” (“at Schutz”).
In 1570, the chapel
, consecrated to Saint Wendelin
, was mentioned.
In 1723, there was a dispute among Schutz, Manderscheid
, Bleckhausen
and Niederstadtfeld
over how the woodlands of Idler and Ruckbein should be divided. It led to a court case. In 1794, the village had 94 inhabitants. In 1803, Schutz became a branch of the Parish of Bleckhausen.
In 1814, Schutz was grouped into the Bürgermeisterei (“Mayoralty”) of Weidenbach in the Daun district in the Regierungsbezirk
of Trier. In 1845, a new chapel was built. In 1854, Schutz had 18 houses with 114 inhabitants. The municipality had 547 Morgen
(340 ha) of wooded land, 417 Morgen (106 ha) of scrub and wild land and 4 Morgen (1 ha) of other lands.
To prevent famine
, in 1915, the miller had to grind 82% of the grain. Bread
was made from rye
meal and potato
es. On 1 February, all cereal and meal stocks were seized, as were all the oats
, for the army administration. Beginning at this time, everybody received a bread ticket
entitling him or her to 200 g or half a Pfund (250 g) of bread each day. On 1 April everybody got a flour
ticket. There was a bumper potato harvest. The winter was marked by petroleum
shortages. Many people burnt candles and others obtained carbide lamp
s.
On 1 December 1916, according to a census
, Schutz had 147 inhabitants. In 1918, Schutz was stricken twice by floods within a short time, once in January and again in May. By the time the First World War ended, 7 men from Schutz had fallen.
On 21 April 1923, electric light came to the village for the first time. On 9 November, a new bell was dedicated. In 1925, work began on the watermain.
In 1931, lasting rainy weather destroyed 75% of the harvest. In 1939, the bathing beach was dedicated.
In 1945, after the Second World War was over, once again, 7 men from Schutz had fallen, and 4 were missing.
In 1953, a new bridge on the road to Deudesfeld
was built. In 1965, the memorial to the fallen in both World Wars was dedicated. In 1988, the new municipal coat of arms
was chosen. A fire station was built in 1995, and work began in 2003 on a community centre, which was dedicated the following year.
at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.
The municipality’s arms
might in English heraldic
language be described thus: Argent a mount vert in base charged with a waterwheel of the field, on a chief gules a fess dancetty Or.
The chief
showing a gold fess dancetty (horizontal zigzag stripe) on a red field is a rendering of the arms formerly borne by the Counts of Manderscheid, although the tincture
s are reversed (this might be to comply with the general rule in heraldry
that holds that two colours or two metals must not touch). The village once belonged to this noble family, and then later to the Electoral-Trier Amt of Manderscheid. The green mount in base symbolizes the Burberg, which is the local landscape’s most striking feature. The green tincture stands for the scenic and heavily wooded municipal area. The waterwheel refers to the four mills that once stood in Schutz. The first was mentioned in a document as early as 1238. The Rutschmühle has found its way into local legend.
The arms have been borne since 13 September 1988.
Municipalities of Germany
Municipalities are the lowest level of territorial division in Germany. This may be the fourth level of territorial division in Germany, apart from those states which include Regierungsbezirke , where municipalities then become the fifth level.-Overview:With more than 3,400,000 inhabitants, the...
belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde
Verbandsgemeinde
A Verbandsgemeinde is an administrative unit in the German Bundesländer of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saxony-Anhalt.-Rhineland-Palatinate:...
, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district
Districts of Germany
The districts of Germany are known as , except in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Schleswig-Holstein where they are known simply as ....
in Rhineland-Palatinate
Rhineland-Palatinate
Rhineland-Palatinate is one of the 16 states of the Federal Republic of Germany. It has an area of and about four million inhabitants. The capital is Mainz. English speakers also commonly refer to the state by its German name, Rheinland-Pfalz ....
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun
Daun (Verbandsgemeinde)
Daun is a collective municipality in the Vulkaneifel district of Rhineland-Palatinate. The seat of the Daun Verbandsgemeinde is in the municipality of Daun.- Constituent municipalities:# Betteldorf# Bleckhausen# Brockscheid...
, whose seat is in the like-named town
Daun, Germany
Daun is a town in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the district seat and also the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun.- Location :...
.
Location
The municipality lies in the VulkaneifelVulkan Eifel
The Vulkan Eifel is a region in the Eifel Mountains in Germany, that is defined to a large extent by its volcanic geological history. Characteristic of the Vulkan Eifel are its typical explosion crater lakes or maars, and numerous other signs of volcanic activity such as volcanic tuffs, lava...
, a part of the Eifel
Eifel
The Eifel is a low mountain range in western Germany and eastern Belgium. It occupies parts of southwestern North Rhine-Westphalia, northwestern Rhineland-Palatinate and the south of the German-speaking Community of Belgium....
known for its volcanic history, geographical and geological features, and even ongoing activity today, including gases that sometimes well up from the earth.
Schutz lies on the Burberg, whose elevation is 528.5 m above sea level
Sea level
Mean sea level is a measure of the average height of the ocean's surface ; used as a standard in reckoning land elevation...
.
Neighbouring municipalities
Schutz’s neighbours are WallenbornWallenborn
Wallenborn is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town...
(5 km), Weidenbach
Weidenbach, Vulkaneifel
Weidenbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town...
(3.5 km), Bleckhausen
Bleckhausen
Bleckhausen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany...
(1.3 km) and Deudesfeld
Deudesfeld
Deudesfeld is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the southwest Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town...
(3.5 km).
History
In 1238, Schutz had its first documentary mention. Dietrich von Hanster (or Hanxler) was enfeoffed by Heinrich, Lord of Manderscheid and Kerpen with a castleCastle
A castle is a type of fortified structure built in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages by European nobility. Scholars debate the scope of the word castle, but usually consider it to be the private fortified residence of a lord or noble...
at Manderscheid
Manderscheid
Manderscheid can refer to:*Manderscheid, Bernkastel-Wittlich, a town in the district Bernkastel-Wittlich, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.*Manderscheid, Bitburg-Prüm a village in the district Bitburg-Prüm, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, part of the Verbandsgemeinde Arzfeld.*the Counts of Manderscheid...
, a house in the dale and the estate and the mill “zu Schutze” (“at Schutz”).
In 1570, the chapel
Chapel
A chapel is a building used by Christians as a place of fellowship and worship. It may be part of a larger structure or complex, such as a church, college, hospital, palace, prison or funeral home, located on board a military or commercial ship, or it may be an entirely free-standing building,...
, consecrated to Saint Wendelin
Wendelin of Trier
Saint Wendelin or Wendelin of Trier was a hermit and abbot.-Life:There is very little definite information about this saint. His earliest biographies , did not appear until after 1417. The story as told there is that Wendelin was the son of a Scottish king...
, was mentioned.
In 1723, there was a dispute among Schutz, Manderscheid
Manderscheid
Manderscheid can refer to:*Manderscheid, Bernkastel-Wittlich, a town in the district Bernkastel-Wittlich, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.*Manderscheid, Bitburg-Prüm a village in the district Bitburg-Prüm, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, part of the Verbandsgemeinde Arzfeld.*the Counts of Manderscheid...
, Bleckhausen
Bleckhausen
Bleckhausen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany...
and Niederstadtfeld
Niederstadtfeld
Niederstadtfeld is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany...
over how the woodlands of Idler and Ruckbein should be divided. It led to a court case. In 1794, the village had 94 inhabitants. In 1803, Schutz became a branch of the Parish of Bleckhausen.
In 1814, Schutz was grouped into the Bürgermeisterei (“Mayoralty”) of Weidenbach in the Daun district in the Regierungsbezirk
Regierungsbezirk
In Germany, a Government District, in German: Regierungsbezirk – is a subdivision of certain federal states .They are above the Kreise, Landkreise, and kreisfreie Städte...
of Trier. In 1845, a new chapel was built. In 1854, Schutz had 18 houses with 114 inhabitants. The municipality had 547 Morgen
Morgen
A morgen was a unit of measurement of land in Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and the Dutch colonies, including South Africa and Taiwan. The size of a morgen varies from 1/2 to 2½ acres, which equals approximately 0.2 to 1 ha...
(340 ha) of wooded land, 417 Morgen (106 ha) of scrub and wild land and 4 Morgen (1 ha) of other lands.
To prevent famine
Famine
A famine is a widespread scarcity of food, caused by several factors including crop failure, overpopulation, or government policies. This phenomenon is usually accompanied or followed by regional malnutrition, starvation, epidemic, and increased mortality. Every continent in the world has...
, in 1915, the miller had to grind 82% of the grain. Bread
Bread
Bread is a staple food prepared by cooking a dough of flour and water and often additional ingredients. Doughs are usually baked, but in some cuisines breads are steamed , fried , or baked on an unoiled frying pan . It may be leavened or unleavened...
was made from rye
Rye
Rye is a grass grown extensively as a grain and as a forage crop. It is a member of the wheat tribe and is closely related to barley and wheat. Rye grain is used for flour, rye bread, rye beer, some whiskeys, some vodkas, and animal fodder...
meal and potato
Potato
The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae family . The word potato may refer to the plant itself as well as the edible tuber. In the region of the Andes, there are some other closely related cultivated potato species...
es. On 1 February, all cereal and meal stocks were seized, as were all the oats
OATS
OATS - Open Source Assistive Technology Software - is a source code repository or "forge" for assistive technology software. It was launched in 2006 with the goal to provide a one-stop “shop” for end users, clinicians and open-source developers to promote and develop open source assistive...
, for the army administration. Beginning at this time, everybody received a bread ticket
Rationing
Rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources, goods, or services. Rationing controls the size of the ration, one's allotted portion of the resources being distributed on a particular day or at a particular time.- In economics :...
entitling him or her to 200 g or half a Pfund (250 g) of bread each day. On 1 April everybody got a flour
Flour
Flour is a powder which is made by grinding cereal grains, other seeds or roots . It is the main ingredient of bread, which is a staple food for many cultures, making the availability of adequate supplies of flour a major economic and political issue at various times throughout history...
ticket. There was a bumper potato harvest. The winter was marked by petroleum
Petroleum
Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling...
shortages. Many people burnt candles and others obtained carbide lamp
Carbide lamp
Carbide lamps, properly known as acetylene gas lamps, are simple lamps that produce and burn acetylene which is created by the reaction of calcium carbide with water....
s.
On 1 December 1916, according to a census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, Schutz had 147 inhabitants. In 1918, Schutz was stricken twice by floods within a short time, once in January and again in May. By the time the First World War ended, 7 men from Schutz had fallen.
On 21 April 1923, electric light came to the village for the first time. On 9 November, a new bell was dedicated. In 1925, work began on the watermain.
In 1931, lasting rainy weather destroyed 75% of the harvest. In 1939, the bathing beach was dedicated.
In 1945, after the Second World War was over, once again, 7 men from Schutz had fallen, and 4 were missing.
In 1953, a new bridge on the road to Deudesfeld
Deudesfeld
Deudesfeld is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the southwest Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun, whose seat is in the like-named town...
was built. In 1965, the memorial to the fallen in both World Wars was dedicated. In 1988, the new municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
was chosen. A fire station was built in 1995, and work began in 2003 on a community centre, which was dedicated the following year.
Municipal council
The council is made up of 6 council members, who were elected by majority votePlurality voting system
The plurality voting system is a single-winner voting system often used to elect executive officers or to elect members of a legislative assembly which is based on single-member constituencies...
at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.
Coat of arms
The German blazon reads: Unter rotem Schildhaupt, darin ein goldener Zickzackbalken, in Silber ein grüner Berg, darin ein silbernes Mühlrad.The municipality’s arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
might in English heraldic
Heraldry
Heraldry is the profession, study, or art of creating, granting, and blazoning arms and ruling on questions of rank or protocol, as exercised by an officer of arms. Heraldry comes from Anglo-Norman herald, from the Germanic compound harja-waldaz, "army commander"...
language be described thus: Argent a mount vert in base charged with a waterwheel of the field, on a chief gules a fess dancetty Or.
The chief
Chief (heraldry)
In heraldic blazon, a chief is a charge on a coat of arms that takes the form of a band running horizontally across the top edge of the shield. Writers disagree in how much of the shield's surface is to be covered by the chief, ranging from one-fourth to one-third. The former is more likely if the...
showing a gold fess dancetty (horizontal zigzag stripe) on a red field is a rendering of the arms formerly borne by the Counts of Manderscheid, although the tincture
Tincture (heraldry)
In heraldry, tinctures are the colours used to emblazon a coat of arms. These can be divided into several categories including light tinctures called metals, dark tinctures called colours, nonstandard colours called stains, furs, and "proper". A charge tinctured proper is coloured as it would be...
s are reversed (this might be to comply with the general rule in heraldry
Heraldry
Heraldry is the profession, study, or art of creating, granting, and blazoning arms and ruling on questions of rank or protocol, as exercised by an officer of arms. Heraldry comes from Anglo-Norman herald, from the Germanic compound harja-waldaz, "army commander"...
that holds that two colours or two metals must not touch). The village once belonged to this noble family, and then later to the Electoral-Trier Amt of Manderscheid. The green mount in base symbolizes the Burberg, which is the local landscape’s most striking feature. The green tincture stands for the scenic and heavily wooded municipal area. The waterwheel refers to the four mills that once stood in Schutz. The first was mentioned in a document as early as 1238. The Rutschmühle has found its way into local legend.
The arms have been borne since 13 September 1988.
Buildings
- Saint BarbaraSaint BarbaraSaint Barbara, , Feast Day December 4, known in the Eastern Orthodox Church as the Great Martyr Barbara, was an early Christian saint and martyr....
’s Catholic Church, Dorfstraße 3 – Gothic RevivalGothic Revival architectureThe Gothic Revival is an architectural movement that began in the 1740s in England...
aisleless churchAisleless churchAn Aisleless church is a single-nave church building that consists of a single hall-like room. While similar to the hall church, the aisleless church lacks aisles or passageways either side of the nave separated from the nave by colonnades or arcades, a row of pillars or columns...
, late 19th century. - Burbergweg 2 – Quereinhaus (a combination residential and commercial house divided for these two purposes down the middle, perpendicularly to the street), apparently from 1824.
- Hauptstraße – wayside cross, sandstoneSandstoneSandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains.Most sandstone is composed of quartz and/or feldspar because these are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust. Like sand, sandstone may be any colour, but the most common colours are tan, brown, yellow,...
shaft cross from 1706. - Zur Lay 22 – former mill; house, stable-barn.