Prince Heinrich of Prussia
Encyclopedia
- For the brother of King Frederick II of Prussia, see Prince Henry of Prussia (1726–1802).
- For the brother of King Frederick William II of Prussia, see Prince Henry of Prussia (1747–1767).
Prince Henry of Prussia (born Albert Wilhelm Heinrich, 14 August 1862 – 20 April 1929) was a younger brother of German Emperor William II and a Prince
Prince
Prince is a general term for a ruler, monarch or member of a monarch's or former monarch's family, and is a hereditary title in the nobility of some European states. The feminine equivalent is a princess...
of Prussia
Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire...
. A career naval officer, he held various commands in the Imperial German Navy
Kaiserliche Marine
The Imperial German Navy was the German Navy created at the time of the formation of the German Empire. It existed between 1871 and 1919, growing out of the small Prussian Navy and Norddeutsche Bundesmarine, which primarily had the mission of coastal defense. Kaiser Wilhelm II greatly expanded...
and eventually rose to the rank of Grand Admiral
Grand Admiral
Grand admiral is a historic naval rank, generally being the highest such rank present in any particular country. Its most notable use was in Germany — the German word is Großadmiral.-France:...
.
Biography
Born in BerlinBerlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
, Prince Henry of Prussia was the third of eight children born to Crown Prince Frederick (later Emperor Frederick III
Frederick III, German Emperor
Frederick III was German Emperor and King of Prussia for 99 days in 1888, the Year of the Three Emperors. Friedrich Wilhelm Nikolaus Karl known informally as Fritz, was the only son of Emperor William I and was raised in his family's tradition of military service...
), and Victoria, Princess Royal of the United Kingdom (later Empress Victoria and in widowhood Empress Frederick), a daughter of the British Queen Victoria
Victoria of the United Kingdom
Victoria was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India....
. Henry was three years younger than his brother, the future Emperor William II (born 27 January 1859).
After attending the gymnasium
Gymnasium (school)
A gymnasium is a type of school providing secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar schools or sixth form colleges and U.S. college preparatory high schools. The word γυμνάσιον was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual...
in Kassel
Kassel
Kassel is a town located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Kassel Regierungsbezirk and the Kreis of the same name and has approximately 195,000 inhabitants.- History :...
, which he left in the middle grades in 1877, the 15-year-old Henry entered the Imperial Navy cadet program. His naval education included a two-year voyage around the world (1878 to 1880), the naval officer examination (Seeoffizierhauptprüfung) in October 1880, and attending the German naval academy (1884 to 1886).
Early commands
As an Imperial Prince, Henry quickly achieved command. In 1887, he commanded a torpedo boat and simultaneously the First Torpedo Boat Division; in 1888 the Imperial yacht SMY HohenzollernSMY Hohenzollern
SMY Hohenzollern was the name of several Yachts used by the German Emperors between 1878 and 1918, named after their House of Hohenzollern.- SMY Hohenzollern I :...
; from 1889–1890 the second-class cruiser SMS Irene
SMS Irene
SMS Irene was a protected cruiser or Kreuzerkorvette of the Kaiserliche Marine launched on 23 July 1887 from the Vulcan Shipyard in Stettin, Germany . The cruiser was named after Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine, sister-in-law of Kaiser Wilhem II...
, the armored coastal defense ship SMS Beowulf
SMS Beowulf
The SMS Beowulf was a coastal defence ship of the Kaiserliche Marine. It was the second ship of the Siegfried class, all of which were originally classified as fourth class ironclads but redesignated coastal defence ships in 1899...
, and the capital ships SMS Sachsen
SMS Sachsen (1877)
SMS Sachsen was the lead ship of her class of four armored frigates of the German Kaiserliche Marine. Her sisterships were , , and . Sachsen was built in the AG Vulcan shipyard in Stettin. She was laid down in April 1875, launched on 21 July 1877, and commissioned on 21 October 1878...
and SMS Wörth
SMS Wörth
SMS Wörth was one of four German pre-dreadnought battleships of the Brandenburg class, built in the early 1890s. The ships were the first ocean-going battleships built by the Kaiserliche Marine . Wörth was laid down at the Germaniawerft dockyard in Kiel in May 1890. The ship was launched on 6...
.
Squadron commands
From 1897, Prince Henry commanded several naval task forces; these included an improvised squadron that took part with the East Asia SquadronGerman East Asia Squadron
The German East Asia Squadron was a German Navy cruiser squadron which operated mainly in the Pacific Ocean between the 1870s and 1914...
in consolidating and securing the German hold on the region of Kiaochow and the port of Tsingtao
Qingdao
' also known in the West by its postal map spelling Tsingtao, is a major city with a population of over 8.715 million in eastern Shandong province, Eastern China. Its built up area, made of 7 urban districts plus Jimo city, is home to about 4,346,000 inhabitants in 2010.It borders Yantai to the...
in 1898. The prince’s success was more of the diplomatic than the military variety; he became the first European potentate ever to be received at the Chinese imperial court. In 1899 he became officially the commander of the East Asia Squadron, later of a capital-ship squadron and in 1903 commander of the Baltic Sea naval station. From 1906 to 1909, Henry was commander of the High Seas Fleet
High Seas Fleet
The High Seas Fleet was the battle fleet of the German Empire and saw action during World War I. The formation was created in February 1907, when the Home Fleet was renamed as the High Seas Fleet. Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz was the architect of the fleet; he envisioned a force powerful enough to...
. In 1909, he was promoted to Grand Admiral.
World War I
At the beginning of World War IWorld War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, Prince Henry was named Commander-in-Chief of the Baltic Fleet. Although the means provided him were far inferior to Russia’s Baltic Fleet, he succeeded, until the 1917 Revolution, in putting Russia’s naval forces
Imperial Russian Navy
The Imperial Russian Navy refers to the Tsarist fleets prior to the February Revolution.-First Romanovs:Under Tsar Mikhail Feodorovich, construction of the first three-masted ship, actually built within Russia, was completed in 1636. It was built in Balakhna by Danish shipbuilders from Holstein...
far on the defensive, and hindered them from making attacks on the German coast. After the end of hostilities with Russia, his mission was ended, and Prince Henry simply left active duty. With the war’s end and the dissolution of the monarchy in Germany, Prince Henry left the Navy.
Family
Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine
Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine was the third child and third daughter of Princess Alice of the United Kingdom and Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine. Her maternal grandparents were Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert...
, his first cousin. The marriage produced three children:
| Name | Picture | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Waldemar William Louis Frederick Victor Henry | 20 March 1889 | 2 May 1945 | Married Princess Calixta of Lippe-Biesterfeld Princess Calixta of Lippe-Biesterfeld Princess Calixta Agnes Adelaide Irmgard Helene Caroline Elise Emma of Lippe-Biesterfeld was the wife of Prince Waldemar of Prussia, eldest son of Prince Heinrich of Prussia.-Family and early life:... , but was a haemophiliac Haemophilia Haemophilia is a group of hereditary genetic disorders that impair the body's ability to control blood clotting or coagulation, which is used to stop bleeding when a blood vessel is broken. Haemophilia A is the most common form of the disorder, present in about 1 in 5,000–10,000 male births... , so he had no issue. |
|
| William Victor Charles Augustus Henry Sigismund | 27 November 1896 | 14 November 1978 | Married Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Altenburg Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Altenburg Princess Charlotte Agnes of Saxe-Altenburg was the eldest child of Ernst II, the last reigning duke of Saxe-Altenburg.-Marriage and family:... , had issue. |
|
| Henry Victor Louis Frederick Prince Heinrich of Prussia Prince Henry of Prussia was a younger brother of German Emperor William II and a Prince of Prussia... |
9 January 1900 | 26 February 1904 | Was a haemophiliac Haemophilia Haemophilia is a group of hereditary genetic disorders that impair the body's ability to control blood clotting or coagulation, which is used to stop bleeding when a blood vessel is broken. Haemophilia A is the most common form of the disorder, present in about 1 in 5,000–10,000 male births... and died aged four after bumping his head |
Their sons Waldemar and Heinrich were both hemophiliacs
Haemophilia
Haemophilia is a group of hereditary genetic disorders that impair the body's ability to control blood clotting or coagulation, which is used to stop bleeding when a blood vessel is broken. Haemophilia A is the most common form of the disorder, present in about 1 in 5,000–10,000 male births...
which they inherited through Irene's maternal grandmother Queen Victoria.
Personality and private life
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, Henry made a favorable impression with the critical American press and succeeded in winning the sympathy of more than just the numerous German-American segment of the population.
As a naval officer, Henry had a profession that completely satisfied him and that he loved. He was thoroughly a pragmatist. He received one of the first pilot’s licenses in Germany, and was judged a spirited and excellent seaman. He was dedicated to modern technology and was able to understand quickly the practical value of technical innovations. A yachting
Yachting
Yachting refers to recreational sailing or boating, the specific act of sailing or using other water vessels for sporting purposes.-Competitive sailing:...
enthusiast, Prince Henry became one of the first members of the Yacht Club of Kiel, established by a group of naval officers in 1887, and quickly became the club's patron.
Henry was interested in motor cars as well and supposedly invented a windshield wiper and, according to other sources, the car horn. In his honor, the Prinz-Heinrich-Fahrt
Prinz-Heinrich-Fahrt
The Prinz-Heinrich-Fahrt , named after Prince Albert Wilhelm Heinrich of Prussia, was an automobile contest held from 1908 to 1911 and a precursor to the German Grand Prix...
(Prince Heinrich Tour) was established in 1908, like the earlier Kaiserpreis
Kaiserpreis
The Kaiserpreis auto race, named after Emperor Wilhelm II, was held in 1907. Like his brother's Prinz-Heinrich-Fahrt held from 1908 to 1911, it was a precursor to the German Grand Prix....
a precursor to the German Grand Prix
German Grand Prix
The German Grand Prix is an annual automobile race.Because Germany was banned from taking part in international events after World War II, the German GP only became part of the Formula One World Championship in 1951...
. Henry and his brother William gave patronage to the Kaiserlicher Automobilclub
Automobilclub von Deutschland
Automobilclub von Deutschland is Germany's oldest automobile club, founded in 1899.The AvD organizes the German Grand Prix and is a member of FIA....
(Imperial Automobile Club).
Henry also was an early proponent of introducing submarines and airplanes. He had a steamship converted into a primitive aircraft carrier
Aircraft carrier
An aircraft carrier is a warship designed with a primary mission of deploying and recovering aircraft, acting as a seagoing airbase. Aircraft carriers thus allow a naval force to project air power worldwide without having to depend on local bases for staging aircraft operations...
for operations in the Baltic Sea.
Henry respected his brother, but this attitude was not returned in the same measure. William kept his younger brother far from politics, although Henry served as his representative as long as the Crown Prince was still in his minority. Henry complied with this, for he did not interest himself in either politics or grand strategy. He did not recognize what political effect the German naval build-up would entail, and also would not have been in the position to move his brother toward a different policy.
After the German Revolution
German Revolution
The German Revolution was the politically-driven civil conflict in Germany at the end of World War I, which resulted in the replacement of Germany's imperial government with a republic...
, Henry lived with his family in Hemmelmark near Eckernförde
Eckernförde
Eckernförde is a German city in Schleswig-Holstein, Kreis Rendsburg-Eckernförde at the Baltic Sea near Kiel. The population is about 23,000.All German submarines are stationed in Eckernförde....
, in Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig...
. He continued with motor sports and sailing and even in old age was a very successful participant in regattas. He popularized the Prinz-Heinrich-Mütze ("Prince Henry cap"), which is still worn, especially by older sailors.
In 1899, Henry received an honorary doctorate (Doctor of Engineering honoris causa) from the Technical University of Berlin
Technical University of Berlin
The Technische Universität Berlin is a research university located in Berlin, Germany. Translating the name into English is discouraged by the university, however paraphrasing as Berlin Institute of Technology is recommended by the university if necessary .The TU Berlin was founded...
. Also in foreign countries he received numerous similar honors, including an honorary doctorate in 1902 from Harvard University
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...
.
Prince Henry died of throat cancer
Esophageal cancer
Esophageal cancer is malignancy of the esophagus. There are various subtypes, primarily squamous cell cancer and adenocarcinoma . Squamous cell cancer arises from the cells that line the upper part of the esophagus...
, as his father had, in Hemmelmark on 20 April 1929.
George Burroughs Torrey
George Burroughs Torrey
George Burroughs Torrey was an American painter, best known for his portraits. He has been called the "painter of presidents", because he painted portraits of Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft, and Herbert Hoover.- Biography :...
painted a portrait of him.
Naval Career and Advancement
- Naval Cadet, Kaiserliche MarineKaiserliche MarineThe Imperial German Navy was the German Navy created at the time of the formation of the German Empire. It existed between 1871 and 1919, growing out of the small Prussian Navy and Norddeutsche Bundesmarine, which primarily had the mission of coastal defense. Kaiser Wilhelm II greatly expanded...
(Imperial German Navy), 1877; Sat for his Seeoffizierhauptprüfung (naval officer examination), October 1880
- Midshipman, Imperial German Naval Academy, 1884–1886
- Kapitänleutnant (Lieutenant), ca. 1886
- Leutnant zur See (Lieutenant at Sea), ca 1887; Commanded 1st Torpedo Boat Division, 1887
- Fregattenkapitän (Commander), ca. 1887–1888; Commanded the Imperial Yacht SMY Hohenzollern, 1888; Commanded the second-class cruiser Irene, 1889; Commanded the armored coastal defense ship Beowulf, 1889
- Kapitän zur See (Captain at Sea), ca. 1889–1890; Commanded the capital ship SMS Sachsen, 1890; Commanded the capital ship SMS Wörth, 1890
- Konteradmiral (Commodore or Rear Admiral), ca. early 1890s; Commanded the 2nd German Squadron, East Asia Expedition, December 12, 1897; Commanded the East Asia Squadron, 1899; Emissary to the United States, February to May, 1902
- Vizeadmiral (Vice Admiral), ca. 1903; Commanded the Baltic Sea Naval Station, 1903–1906
- Admiral, ca. 1904; Commanded the High Seas Fleet, 1906–1909
- Großadmiral (Grand Admiral), ca. 1909; Commander-in-Chief, Baltic Fleet, 1914; Left active service, 1917; Retired, 1918
German
- 1. Garde-Regiment zu Fuß (Royal Prussian 1st Regiment of Foot Guards) – Leutnant (Second Lieutenant) through Generaloberst im Range eines Generalfeldmarschalls (Colonel-General in the Rank of Field Marshal), 1871 - 1918
- Kgl. Sächs. 2. Grenadier-Regiment Kaiser Wilhelm, König von Preußen Nr. 101 (Royal Saxon 2nd Grenadier Regiment)
- Kgl. Bayerisches Artillerie-Regiment Nr. 8 (Royal Bavarian 8th Artillery Regiment) – Generaloberst im Range eines Generalfeldmarschalls and Chef (Colonel in Chief)
- 1. Großherzogl. Hessisches Feldartilleree-Regiment 25 (Grand Duchy of Hesse 2nd Artillery Regiment)
- Fußilier-Regiment “Prinz Heinrich von Preußen” (Brandenburgisches) Nr 35 (The Brandenburg Fusilier Regiment) - Generaloberst im Range eines Generalfeldmarschalls and Chef (Colonel in Chief)
Foreign
- Austria-Hungary K.u.K. Infantry Regiment Nr. 20 – Oberstinhaber (Colonel in Chief)
- Austria-Hungary K.u.K. Navy – Vizeadmiral (vice admiral)
- British Royal Navy – Admiral (Honorary)
- Russian Imperial Dragoon Regiment Nr. 33 – Colonel
Prussian
- Order of the Black EagleOrder of the Black EagleThe Order of the Black Eagle was the highest order of chivalry in the Kingdom of Prussia. The order was founded on 17 January 1701 by Elector Friedrich III of Brandenburg . In his Dutch exile after WWI, deposed Emperor Wilhelm II continued to award the order to his family...
, Knight, 1872
- Order of the Red EagleOrder of the Red EagleThe Order of the Red Eagle was an order of chivalry of the Kingdom of Prussia. It was awarded to both military personnel and civilians, to recognize valor in combat, excellence in military leadership, long and faithful service to the kingdom, or other achievements...
, Knight Grand Cross, 1872 (by statute of the Order of the Black Eagle, for princes of Prussia)
- Prussian Crown OrderOrder of the Crown (Prussia)The Order of the Crown was Prussia's lowest ranking order of chivalry. Instituted in 1861 as an award equal in rank to the Order of the Red Eagle, it could only be awarded to commissioned officers , but there was a medal associated with the order which could be earned by non-commissioned officers...
, Knight First Class, 1872 (by statute of the Order of the Black Eagle, for princes of Prussia)
- Royal House Order of HohenzollernHouse Order of HohenzollernThe House Order of Hohenzollern was an order of chivalry of the House of Hohenzollern. It was both a military and a civil award...
, Knight, First Class, with collar chain
- Princely House Order of HohenzollernHouse Order of HohenzollernThe House Order of Hohenzollern was an order of chivalry of the House of Hohenzollern. It was both a military and a civil award...
, Knight First Class
- Johanniterorden (Order of St. John, Bailiwick of Brandenburg)
Non-Prussian German
- Order of Albert the BearOrder of Albert the BearThe House Order of Albert the Bear was founded in 1836 by three dukes of Anhalt, Henry, Duke of Anhalt-Köthen, Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt, and Alexander Karl, Duke of Anhalt-Bernburg as a joint House Order.The namesake of the order, Albert I, was the first Margrave of Brandenburg from the...
(Anhalt), Knight First Class
- House Order of Fidelity (Baden), Knight
- Order of Berthold I (Baden), Knight First Class
- Order of St. HubertOrder of Saint Hubert (Bavarian)The Bavarian Order of Saint Hubert was founded in 1444 or 1445 by Gerhard V, Duke of Jülich and Count of Ravensberg. He sought to commemorate his victory over the House of Egmond at the Battle of Linnich on 3 November, which is Saint Hubert's day....
(Bavaria), Knight
- Order of Henry the Lion (Brunswick), Knight First Class
- House Order of the Golden Lion (Hesse-Kassel), Knight
- Order of Ludwig (Hesse-Darmstadt), Knight Grand Cross
- Order of the Wendish Crown (Mecklenburg), Knight Grand Cross, with Crown and Diamonds
- House Merit Order of Peter Friedrich LudwigHouse and Merit Order of Peter Frederick LouisThe House and Merit Order of Duke Peter Frederick Louis was a civil and military order of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg, a member state of the German Empire. The order was founded by Grand Duke Friedrich August of Oldenburg on November 27, 1838...
(Oldenburg), Knight Grand Cross with Golden Crown
- Order of the Rue Crown (Saxony), Knight
- Order of the White FalconOrder of the White FalconOrder of the White Falcon is a grand-ducal order of Weimar, founded by Duke Ernest Augustus in 1732, and renewed in 1815 by Charles Augustus.-Description:In the early 20th century it had four classes and a silver cross, added in 1878...
(Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach), Knight Grand Cross
- Saxe-Ernestine House OrderSaxe-Ernestine House OrderThe Saxe-Ernestine House Order was a German Ducal award, instituted by Duke Friedrich of Saxe-Altenburg, Duke Ernst I of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha and Duke Bernhard II of Saxe-Meiningen, on 25 December 1833 as a joint award of the Saxon duchies.-Classes:At first, the Order consisted of five classes: Grand...
(Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Coburg & Gotha, and Saxe-Meiningen), Knight Grand Cross
- Order of the Württemberg CrownOrder of the Crown (Württemberg)The Order of the Württemberg Crown was an order of chivalry in Württemberg.-History:First established in 1702 as the St.-Hubertus-Jagdorden , in 1807 it was renamed the "Ritterorden vom Goldenen Adler" by Frederick I, and on 23 September 1818 renewed and restructured by William I as the "Order of...
(Württemberg), Knight grand Cross
Foreign
- Order of Leopold (Belgium), Knight Grand Cross
- Order of Christ's CrossOrder of Christ (Brazil)The Imperial Order of Our Lord Jesus Christ , simply named Order of Christ, is an order of chivalry instituted by emperor Pedro I of Brazil on 7 December 1822, on the basis of the Portuguese Order of Christ founded by King Dom Dinis and Pope John XXII in 1316-1319. Knights of the Order of Christ...
(Brazil), Knight Grand Cross
- Order of the Double DragonOrder of the Double DragonThe Imperial Order of the Double Dragon was an order awarded in the period of the Qing Dynasty.The Order was founded by the Guangxu Emperor on 7 February 1882 as an award for outstanding services to the Throne...
(China), Knight First Class
- Order of the ElephantOrder of the ElephantThe Order of the Elephant is the highest order of Denmark. It has origins in the 15th century, but has officially existed since 1693, and since the establishment of constitutional monarchy in 1849, is now almost exclusively bestowed on royalty and heads of state.- History :A Danish religious...
(Denmark), Knight
- Order of the RedeemerOrder of the RedeemerThe Order of the Redeemer , also known as the Order of the Savior, is an order of Greece. The Order of the Redeemer is the oldest and highest decoration awarded by the modern Greek state.- History :...
(Greece), Knight Grand Cross
- Order of the GarterOrder of the GarterThe Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St...
(Great Britain), Knight
- Order of the BathOrder of the BathThe Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate mediæval ceremony for creating a knight, which involved bathing as one of its elements. The knights so created were known as Knights of the Bath...
(Great Britain), Knight Grand Cross (civil)
- Royal Order of Kalākaua I (Kingdom of Hawaii), Knight Grand Cross
- Order of the ChrysanthemumOrder of the Chrysanthemumis Japan's highest order. The Grand Cordon of the Order was established in 1876 by Emperor Meiji of Japan; the collar of the Order was added on January 4, 1888. Although technically the order has only one class, it can either be awarded with collar , or with grand cordon...
(Japan), Knight
- Order of the Annunciation (Italy), Knight
- Order of Saints Maurice and LazarusOrder of Saints Maurice and LazarusThe Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus is an order of chivalry awarded by the House of Savoy, the heads of which were formerly Kings of Italy...
(Italy), Knight Grand Cross
- Order of St. JosephOrder of Saint JosephThe Order of Saint Joseph was instituted in 1807 by Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany during his reign as Grand Duke of Würzburg. It was transformed into a Tuscan Dynastic Order in 1817....
(Italian Grand Duchy of Tuscany), Knight Grand Cross
- Order of the Netherlands Lion (Netherlands), Knight Grand Cross
- Royal Hungarian Order of St. StephenOrder of Saint Stephen of HungaryThe Royal Hungarian Order of Saint StephenThe Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, the royal Hungarian order, founded in 1764 by the empress Maria Theresa of Austria, consisted of the grand master , 20 knights grand cross, 30 knights commanders and 50 knights...
(Austria-Hungary), Knight Grand Cross
- Supreme Order of Christ (Vatican), Knight
- Military Order of ChristOrder of Christ (Portugal)The Military Order of Christ previously the Royal Order of the Knights of Our Lord Jesus Christ was the heritage of the Knights Templar in Portugal, after the suppression of the Templars in 1312...
(Portugal), Knight
- Order of the Tower and SwordOrder of the Tower and SwordThe Military Order of the Tower and of the Sword, of Valour, Loyalty and Merit is a Portuguese order of knighthood and the pinnacle of the Portuguese honours system. It was created by King Afonso V in 1459....
(Portugal), Knight
- Order of the Star of RomaniaOrder of the Star of RomaniaThe Order of the Star of Romania is Romania's highest civil order. It is awarded by the President of Romania...
(Romania), Knight
- Order of St. Andrew the First CalledOrder of St. AndrewThe Order of St. Andrew the First-Called is the first and the highest order of chivalry of the Russian Empire.- Russian Empire :The Order was established in 1698 by Tsar Peter the Great, in honour of Saint Andrew, the first apostle of Jesus and patron saint of Russia...
(Russia), Knight
- Order of Seraphim (Sweden), Knight
- Order of St. Olav (Norway), Knight Grand Cross
- Order of the White EagleOrder of the White EagleThe Order of the White Eagle is Poland's highest decoration awarded to both civilians and the military for their merits. It was officially instituted on November 1, 1705 by Augustus II the Strong and bestowed on eight of his supporters: four Polish magnates, three Russian field marshals , and one...
(Serbia), Knight Grand Cross
- Order of the Golden FleeceOrder of the Golden FleeceThe Order of the Golden Fleece is an order of chivalry founded in Bruges by Philip III, Duke of Burgundy in 1430, to celebrate his marriage to the Portuguese princess Infanta Isabella of Portugal, daughter of King John I of Portugal. It evolved as one of the most prestigious orders in Europe...
(Spain), Knight
- Order of Naval MeritOrder of Naval MeritThe Order of Naval Merit is a is a military decoration of the Russian Federation for Naval Personnel. It was established by presidential decree in December 2002.-References:*...
(Spain), Knight Fourth Class (Grand Cross)
- Order of OsmanieOsminieh OrderThe Order of Osmanieh, Order of Osmanie, Order of Osmania was a military decoration of the Ottoman Empire, created in January 1862 by Sultan Abdulaziz. With the obsolescence of the Nichan Iftikhar , this became the second highest order in the Empire, ranking below the High Order of Honour...
(Ottoman Turkey), Knight Grand Cross
- Order of the Liberator Simon BolivarOrder of the LiberatorThe Order of the Liberator is the highest distinction of Venezuela and is appointed for services to the country, outstading merit and benefits made to the community. For Venezuelans the order ranks first from other orders, national and foreign....
(Venezuela), Knight First Class
Ancestry
Further reading
- Harald Eschenburg. Prinz Heinrich von Preußen - Der Großadmiral im Schatten des Kaisers. Heide, 1989, ISBN 3-8042-0456-2. [Translation of title: Prince Heinrich of Prussia - The Grand Admiral in the Shadow of the Emperor.]